in the last part we have studied about
how biotechnology has helped humankind
by making insulin
PCR all those things now when we used Biotechnology
 processes that certain
steps involved when you have to do a
biotechnology process as for example
when you do a physics lab experiment you
have to meet all the requirements all
you have to do all the requirements
similarly when you do a biotech
experiment or biotechnology experiment
or per se genetic experiments there are
certain steps in word innovating expense
okay and these steps are common for all
the experiments now the first step if
you would have to do any biotech
experiment the first step would be
identification of the desired gene when
I say design gene the gene on which you
want to work it could be anything in the
case of insulin it could be gene which
produces insulin or if you want to work
on hormones it could be the gene which
produces the horn so anything first step
is identification of design then you
identify your desired gene you have to
cut the DNA or cut the cell or plasma
whatever it is and obtain your decide
and the cutting has to be done with the
help of restriction enzymes which are
nothing but scissors bio scissors now
when you have done the cutting and
obtained your desired gene the third
step the third step would be to put that
desired gene of your gene of interest
into a plasmid
now when I say of plasmid plasmids are
nothing but vectors of vehicles now the
use of vehicle normally we use vehicles
for what purpose to travel from one
place to another
similarly vectors in biotechnology I
used to carry biomolecules from one
place to another so now you take a
desire gene and put it into a vector
yeah plasmids there are various vectors
are well mill in biotechnology
it could be PBR 322 do you see nineteen
pocket in whatever depends
on your gene of interest now once you
have putted your gene of interest on the
vector now you have to introduce your
vector plus gene of interest into and
host organs
host organisms are the organisms which
replicate faster in this case it could
be equal
since the generation time of e.coli is
ten to twenty minutes so as equally
replicates your gene of interest is also
going to replicate so now let us study
the steps
let's once go through the steps which
are involved into genetic engineering or
the steps of biotechnology step number
one identify the DNA with desired gene
step number two cut the DNA with
restriction enzymes or endo nucleuses to
obtain genome interest or the gene of
your choice step number three the gene
of interest into vector or vehicle which
could be buck nineteen PBR 322 or any
plasmids of your choice
the last step formation of recombinant
DNA thank you
