In this video, we are going to take a look
at the structure and function of palisade
mesophyll cells within the leaf.
The leaf consists of the epidermis, which
is found on both the upper and lower surfaces
of the leaf.
The epidermis is spotted with stomata, a single
stomate consists of two guard cells, and a
pore opening called the stoma.
Within the leaf, you have the mesophyll.
Palisade mesophyll cells are found tightly
packed in the upper region of the mesophyll,
they are packed with chlorophyll and their
function is being the main site of photosynthesis.
The spongy mesophyll cells below them are
also a site of photosynthesis, but not as
much as in the palisade mesophyll.
The spongy mesophyll also has intercellular
space around them which allows for the exchange
of gases in and out through the stoma.
The Palisade mesophyll cells are rectangular
cells.
They are made up of a cellulose cell wall.
The cell wall is a rigid layer lining the
outside of the cell that is composed of cellulose.
The function of the cell wall is to provide
protection to the cell, it also maintains
the structure and shape of the cell.
In from the cell wall is the cell membrane.
The cell membranes function is in the regulation
of materials into and out of the cell through
the cell membrane.
Inside the cell, there is the cytoplasm and
the nucleus.
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle,
its function is in storing the genetic material,
the DNA, of the cell.
Within the cytoplasm, there are a number of
organelles surrounded in a liquid called the
cytosol.
The first organelle is the large vacuole.
The vacuole is a large central storage organelle
found in plant cells.
The main functions of a vacuole are in storing
water and in providing structural support
due to the turgor pressure it provides within
the cell.
The next organelle is the mitochondria.
The mitochondria are double membraned organelles.
The function of mitochondria is in the production
of energy in the form of ATP.
The main feature of Palisade mesophyll cells
is they possess a large number of chloroplasts.
The function of the chloroplast is that they
are the site of photosynthesis, this is why
the palisade mesophyll has so many as they
are located at the top of the leaf and are
the primary site of photosynthesis.
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