Up in the night sky we see stars planets filling
up the darkness and a perfect masterpiece
of art which just gets imprinted in our memory
and a chilling vibe and after that comes the
questions what is up there and soon the night
vanishes with the rays of something powerful
to light up the entire solar system so whatever
it is our earth and the other planets characteristics
depend on something which is very common to
all of them and all of them orbit it because
they do not have the power to overcome the
greatest gravitational force in the entire
solar system by one thing and that is our
SUN let it be the biggest planet Jupiter or
the smallest planet mercury or the coldest
neptune or the hottest venus or our earth
where I and you live at least that's what
we know until an alien comes to your step
all of these planets and their moons and other
heavenly bodies orbit the sun the position
of the planets from the sun itself gives the
characteristics they have our planet earth
position from the sun itself makes the planet
habitable as it is neither too cold nor too
hot so why is this important to us sun is
the source of energy and that which drives
the life on earth without it we cannot imagine
the photosynthesis process or any other life
activity on earth the ecosystem and the entire
nature depend on the energy which is supplied
from the sun entire diversity depends on this
energy if there was no sun our planet would
become colder and colder day by day freezing
everything existing into cold ice and its
tremendous gravitational force which keeps
all the planets in an elliptical path around
it without which all the planets would drift
off to an infinite journey in the deep space
and which would be too cold in about -270
degree celsius that's too cold so what is
this in the solar system what are its properties
what is it made up off how does it affect
us and many more questions to be answered
for all of that to be answered lets know about
it Sun is one among the billion other stars
in our milky way galaxy it is a nearly perfect
sphere and has a diameter of about 1.39 Million
Km oops that's almost 35 times the circumference
of earth i means that you would have to circle
the earth 35 times its volume is 1.4 x 10^27
cubic meters ahh let me give an example it 
means that we can fit 13 lakh earths in the
volume of the sun that is 1 million 30 thousand
earths thats huge it was formed around 4.6
billion years ago and according to the cosmic
calender the sun was born on august 31st because
planets do not have their own nuclear fusions
they do not produce their own light instead
they shine with the light reflected from a
star so the next time you see a planet in
the night sky it is the light from the sun reflected from
the surface of that planet and that reflected
light reaching us the connection and the interaction
between sun and the earth drive the seasons
ocean currents weather, climate, radiation belts
and the auroras . In our solar system we have
one star but there are billions of stars like
our sun scattered across the milky way galaxy
some of them have a system like ours and other
stars are single with no system around them
coming back to our sun it plays a crucial
role for life here on earth like the climate
of an area concerns the average weather conditions
different parts of the earth have different
climates because of the different amounts
of heat received from the sun some climates
have different seasons and there may be little
or much variation in precipitaion and temperature
weather changes so much because the earth
is constantly spinning land and water bodies
heat up differently which causes constant
atmospheric change . Also note that seasons are not
the same as weather , seasons have to do with
the angle of the solar radiation we receive
caused by the tilt of the earth on its axis
its fact time out sun is brighter than 85%
of the stars in the Milkyway galaxy and surely
that makes the sun the brightest object in the earth
sky.Our sun is situated in the milkyway galaxy
it is a G type main sequence star also called
a yellow dwarf or a G dwarf star and it is
a main-sequence star of spectral type G so
what is a main sequence star its nothing but
any star that fuses hydrogen in its core and
has a stable balance of outward pressure from
the core nuclear fusion and the gravitational
forces pushing invard hence it is a near perfect
sphere sun comprises about 99.86% of the mass
of the entire solar system so the rest mass
being 0.14% is just made up of the other planets
including their satellites and asteroids,
metrereoids , dust etc . Just imagine how
big the sun can be to discover but it is a
gas giant so i don't think you can land there
to discover it space is all beyond imagination
until its discovered our sun is about 13 billion
times brighter than the next brightest star
Sirius visible from the earth sky which is
about 8.6 light-years away from our earth
Light travels from the suns horizon to the
earth horizon in about 8 minutes and 19 seconds
and it travels a distance of about 151.67
Million Km 151 million in just 8 minutes and
19 seconds can seem impossible but at the
speed of light it is possible its escape velocity
is 615 Km/sec where on earth it is just 11.2
Km/sec and surface gravity on sun being 274
m/sec2 thats almost 28 times greater than
that of earth i guess we could barely walk
up there or who knows we might even get crushed
its mass being 1,989 100 000 000 000 000 000
000 000 kg ahh okay just ignore that the sun
has a family of eight known planets which
includes four terestrial planets they are
mercury venus earth and mars two gas giants
jupiter and saturn and two ice giants uranus
and neptune thats not it we have at least
5 dwarf planets an astereoid belt numerous
comets and a large number of icy bodies which
lie beyond the orbit of neptune our solar
system is moving with an average speed velocity
of 450000 Miles/hour that is 7 lakh 20 thousand
Km/ hour but even at that speed it takes 230
Million years to make one complete orbit around
milky way like all the other stars in the
universe our sun is a gas ball and is made
up of 91% of hydrogen and 8.9 % of helium
the suns original chemical composition was
inherited from the interstellar medium out
of which it formed at this time in the suns
life they account for 74.9 % and 23.8 % of
the mass of the sun in the photosphere respectively
and the heavier elements called metals in
astronomy account for less than 2% of the
mass with oxygen roughly 1 % of the suns mass
and carbon 0.3 neon 0.2 and iron 0.2 being
the most abundant Since the sun formed the
main fusion process has involved fusing hydrogen
into helium the sun shines because it is able
to convert energy from gravity into light
this is what happens to the hydrogen gas in
the core of the sun its gets squeezed together
soo tightly that 4 hydrogen nuclei combine
to form one helium atom Its fact time did
you know sun rotates faster at its equator
than at its poles this differential rotation
is caused by convetice motion due to heat
transfer and the coriolis force due to the
suns rotation the sun currently fuses around
six hundred million tons of hydrogen into
helium every second it is converting 4 million
tons of matter into energy every second as
a result and the sun spins once every twenty
five days but at its poles it rotates once
every 35 days the sun is a star and the only
one we can see during the day time and when
we look in the night sky we see endless dots
of light everyone of them of them is a star
just like our sun far away from us Thats the
end of the first part of this video stay tuned
for the next part as we get inside the sun
and know about it . If you liked the video
please like share and subscribe and stay tuned
for another Lighted sky video Thank you
