Once again welcome to
a new video of JR Classes
Today we'll learn about the
generations and types of computer
Do you know about SUPERCOMPUTERS?
No, No, No, Obviously not.
I am not talking about that one which
one is made by Rohit Mehera in Krrish movie
Here I am talking about real supercomputers
If You already knows
about it then its ok otherwise
you'll learn about till
the end of the video
And do you know, What is the
first super computer made in India?
To know the answers of such
questions, watch the video till the end.
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So, Let's Start count down
3...2...1...
(sound)
First of all comes first
generation of computer
This generation starts
on 1946 & lasts till 1959
The electronic components
of the computers which
were developed in this
generation are Vacuum Tubes.
You can see in the
picture. This is vacuum tube.
First generation computers
used this type of vacuum tubes.
The size of the computers of
first generation are very large.
Alongwith size they are also high in cost
As the technology of that
time is not so developed,
the computers are
very slow in processing.
AS the computers are very large in size,
they generate large amount of heat also.
For keep them cool
Large air conditions were used
Regarding ENIAC I had
already told in my last video
If you haven't seen my last video then,
I had given the link in the description
You can see my last video from there
So, here we have another
example also, that is EDVAC
You can see it in the picture
(Sound of curtains)
Second generation came as
soon as the first generation ends
Which starts in 1959 & lasts till 1965
The second generation
computers used transistors
instead of Cathode Ray
Tubes or vacuum tubes
Regarding Transistors you'll
learn in class-12th physics
If you have already passed
12th then you must had know this
If not then you'll know later
As you are seeing the
transistor in the picture
This is smaller than vacuum tubes.
Very small in size
Due to the use of all the smaller
components like this, the second
generation computers were very
smaller as compared to first generation
Alongwith this their costs were also less.
computers of this generations
are also faster than the previous
And due to small size generate less heat.
(sound)
then comes third generation of computers,
which starts in 1965 and lasts till 1971
This generation computers uses
IC, means Integrated Circuits or chips
You can see in the picture this is IC
This IC is very much smaller than
Cathode Ray tubes and Transistors
This generation computers
uses such small parts
Thatswhy it is very smaller
than the other two generations
Not only in size, they
are also less in costs
As the technology of
this generation were high,
this computer can work
and calculate very fast
And due to the smaller
size, they generate less heat.
You can see in the picture this
is a third generation computer
If you'll see it, then you
can find that this computer
has a monitor which wasn't
there in the previous ones.
That means, probably
the monitor hadn't been
invented before the
third generation starts
Next, comes our forth
generation of computers
Which starts in 1971 and lasts till 1980
This generation computers used VLSI, means
Very Large Scale Integrated technology
As you see in the
picture this is a VLSI chip
I had zoomed this picture otherwise
VLSI cards are very smaller in size.
This is the cheapest one of
all the preceding generations
Because, this the smallest computer
in the world till this generation
and, its performance is also very speed.
This generation computers also
understands languages like, C, C+, C++ etc.
(sound)
Next comes Fifth generation of computers.
Which starts in 1981
and is still continuing
This is our present generation.
And the most advanced one till now.
Computers of this generation
Understands high level and modern
languages like JAVA, PYTHON etc.
The VLSI technology of forth
genetation is replaced by ULSI here
ULSI means Ultra Large
Scale Integration technology
This generation
computers are also in the
front in the field of
scientific calculations
Computers used now is the example of this. 
you can see in the picture
(Paper crushing sound)
Next is the sixth generation computers 
which may come in the future
This computers may use
 AI (Artificial Intelligence)
Which is already invented
But in the next generation
this may be more advanced
If this happens then that AI
computer could sense things
This may take its decisions by own
Which is still a limitation of computer
This is all about generation of computers
Before going to the types of computers
If you like this video, then
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So, let's start Types of computers
Generally computer is of three types
You'll understand by seeing this flowchart.
Look, computer is of three types
 Analog, Hybrid, Digital
Then Digital computer is of four types
Micro, Mini, Mainframe, Super
we'll know about the four types
of digital computers in this video
(sound)
First of all comes Micro computers
These computers are less expensive
In this computer
The microprocessor,
memory, I/O circuit(input/output)
These all comes in one board
known as PCB(Printed Circuit Board)
the best example of micro
computer is PCs(Personal
Computers), which
we use in a daily basis
(Curtain Sound)
Next, Mini Computers
These are smaller computers
Which is developed in 1960s.
This is less expensive
than mainframe computers
The I/O system of this is teleprinter
This computers also can
run high level programmers
Next comes Mainframe computers
This computer is for
very large organisations
Where critical applications and
bulk data processing happens
just like
This computer is very large
Its processing power is very high
Next comes, most awaited SUPER COMPUTERS
Performance of these computers
is very high as compared
to general computers
I had told in the
preceding videos that we
use MIPS for measuring
the speed of computers
But in case of super computers we use 
FLOPS(FLoating-point Operations Per Second)
Super computers used Linux
based Operating Systems
In the field of computional science
Super computers have a very important role
They can perform all kinds of work
Few of them are
Operating Quantum machines
Weather forecasting
Climate Research
Exploration of Oil & Gas
And preparing Molecular Modeling
The name of the first super
computer of Our loving country INDIA is
PARAM
Which is developed on 1991, August
So thats all for today
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