[Music Playing] Humans arent
the only organisms that cheat
taking more than
their fair share.
The bacteria that I
study live inside legumes
where they help the plant
by using the plants
energy to make fertilizer.
The U.S. ranks 29th in the
world in infant mortality
and more women die of
childbirth related causes today
than 20 years ago.
Why do Northern Nigerian
women go to school?
What meaning are they making
of their schooling experiences?
At a time where investors
and producers can move money
and commodities across national
borders with unprecedented speed
and ease, workers and
particularly workers
from European colonies face
a proliferation of restrictions
on their movement
and settlement;
Everything from fences and
walls to elaborate systems
of surveillance and protection.
Some of these bacteria
cheat, siphoning energy away
from fertilizer production and
instead using it to make fat.
I've spent the last eight
years sitting on birth balls,
like this one, in
following pregnant women
in the United States and
Netherlands as they prepare for
and give birth at home.
The dropout rate is so high, about
7.3 million in Northern Nigeria
and out of which 60%
of them are women.
It's becoming increasingly
difficult for the police
and the state to draw
boundaries between these workers
who are already a part
of local communities
and who are helping
the economy to grow
and helping these
corporations to prosper.
My research shows that
childbirth is accomplished
in different ways in
different societies
and that home birth can be
a legitimate option even
in developed countries with
high-tech health care systems.
When the plant dies these
bacteria are released
into the soil and those with
more fat have a higher chance
of finding a plant
in the future.
So it's not a question of
what we want, what educators
or policymakers want
them to learn,
but what do women
also want to learn?
What their values are,
what their views are,
what their interests are,
what they care about.
If those things are also
brought into the curriculum,
I think education would be
more meaningful for them.
I'm also interested in how
these workers are mobilizing
politically; in ways that cut
across national boundaries
and how they challenge our ideas
about national identity
and labor.
This work, along with other
research done in our lab,
helps us understand how
cooperation can be stable
and maintained through
thousands of years
when cheating, cheaters
are present.
In addition, it provides
novel opportunities
to improve agriculture.
