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Mad Max Fury Road, or the craftsmen of the invisible.
I think one of the biggests lies I encountered lies in this shot
David Fincher made me believe that Armie Hammer has a twin brother, which he doesn't.
They used an understudy, Josh Pence, and Armie Hammer's face was placed on Pence's body in post-production, it's crazy.
When talking about special effects, you rarely think about the sublte ones that alter only details. 
There's two kinds of special effects, CGI that is made in post production, and practical effects that are made on set during the shoot.
Both are special effects but one is practical and the other is digital.
A lot of movies use special effects, but it used to be mostly practical because their technology was quite limited, 
while today we mostly use CGI because it's cheaper and easier to work with. 
So withouth further ado, I'd like to talk about Mad Max Fury Road,
 a movie by George Miller that came out in 2015 and that, to be honest, is one hell of a movie.
Quite a few people like to say that this movie is a success because 
most of the action was created on set, rather as in the editing room. As an editor myself, I find that annoying.
Firstly because it minimizes my job and post-production in general, but also because it's wrong.
So let's see how one fo the most important movies of the decade was created.
Action, cars, and this guy, that's all you need to know. Mad Max Fury Road was recorded 
with a digital camera, and while some people like to think that shooting on film makes them better,
Miller uses digital because with his previous Mad Max (1979-80-85) trilogy he's had enough of shooting on film.
The movie was shot under extreme weather conditions, and didn't have any time to waste on film that would easily get damaged.
Also, Miller always was a director eager to use new technologies.
John Seale, director of photography, asked to shoot in "Arrirow", which allows to have a really raw 
and precise finish, so they could really transform it in post-production.
The use of digital is also justified by all the little cameras the crew used to film 
some shots, sometimes with 20 cameras simultaneously.
Using small cameras like the Canon 5D or the Nikon D800 gives the ability to destroy the cameras 
while recovering the footage, and allows to be at the center of the action when the actors and actresses do something amazing.
Besides, one of the actresses was very impacted by the CGI, Charlize Theron (Furiosa) has a 
mechanical arm, entirely created in post from a green glove.
It's really well done, so well that we forget about it and that's the real purpose of CGI, to complete the story.
By focusing on very smart and subtle CGI, he makes us forget how many green screens he used. 
THE GREEN SCREENS
YOU THOUGHT THEY WEREN'T THERE
BUT THEY WERE
That was THE GREEN SCREENS
YOU THOUGHT THEY WEREN'T THERE
BUT THEY WERE
Miller's process is to mix CGI with actual stunts, which end up looking incredibly real even though it only partly is
Because a lot of it is still real, those cars they made from scraps, those beautiful costumes and all those explosions.
Creating real cars and real stunts is useful to the actors, who can get real reactions 
but the digital allows them to do it safely, for instance this jump is real,
but the other car and most of the canyon behind aren't. 
This stunt was created using rotoscoping, a quite complex technology so I'll let my friend Dim explain.
Rotoscoping is basically cuting out an element frame by frame to change its surroundings, it takes time but it works well.
Well.. it wasn't that complex
So someone cut out every single element of this scene in every frame to create this masterpiece.
This final stunt is a mix between the skills of a very talented stuntman and an ernourmous amount of digital work in post.
Miller knew that his first saga aged quite a bit, if you watch the first movies, 
you'll notice that the camera is often far away from the action.
We mostly see cars from afar while Fury Road puts us in the middle of the action, 
we're right next to the characters and thus, more invested in the story
But how did they manage to do that ; Green screens, cars that don't move and very, 
very big fans to create wind and the feeling of speed. 
A scene thats looks like this :
Ends up looking quite differently.
All that is thanks to the CGI and all the editing and mixing, and the work that's done in post.
Fury Road highlights the importance of the digital effects, but doesn't forget the 
practical effects, to Miller you can't have one without the other.
The movie remains organic, respects the laws of physics, but allows 
the actors to be safe, avoiding accidents like this one.
He wasn't supposed to spin like that. He broke his leg.
The arm, the canyon, the people, the extra cars, even the night scenes, 
loads of things don't exist, and it serves the making of the movie.
It was safer to shoot, and Miller's vision is more easily followed and 
respected and the movie is overall of better quality because 
whereas the previous three were only a fraction of Miller's vision.
It's all about taking what's good about the past and about today, 
and it gives the movie its strenght.
The editing won an Oscar and gives it such an intense rythm, or the calibration that offered those vibrant colors that Miller wanted,
or the mix that make you listen to it like a symphony of sound effects
 without the noises from the fans.
Like Spielberg's Jurassic Park (1993), Miller associated practical effects
 with digital effects, it's risky but it's new and it works.
We're witnessing a new way to shoot the action, whereas blockbusters at that time
 relied on CGI without trying to experiment.
But Jurassic Park brought the digital to a practical era, and Fury road 
brings the practical in a digital era, but that's another topic.
The Cinema is a evoluting field, and new posibilities appear all the time, 
Refusing to use certain tools by principal, to fit an old conception of what movies should be, 
means losing the chance to produce a movie that does exactly what you want it to do.
Miller understood that, and that's why we find, 30 years later, all the ideas from the first saga but better executed.
He does the same stunts, the same cars, same character, and even the 
same sandstorm but he goes further and it better executed each time
Even the actor that plays the bad guy, Immortan Joe, is the same who played the bad 
guy in the first movie. Also look at this kid.
Of course, this bit is fake. Like this city in the background. 
Or this impressive stunt, real explosions, but fake poeple that were added in post. 
The result is good even though it mixes multiple kinds of special effects.
Here you see Chaplin giving a true performance, but we forget about the craftsmen 
who made it happen and who painted this beautiful perspective.
Technology evolves with the same purpose, to trick the audience into believing it's real.
And Chaplin is as responsible for the beauty of this stunt as the person who allowed it to come true. 
It's all about balance.
To want practical effects above all else, to me, is part of a nostalgic wave that 
says "It was better before", and Miller tells us that no, it wasn't,
because before he wouldn't been able to shoot the movie he dreamed of for 15 years.
The actors didn't risk their lives, he shot the action exactly as he wanted to
 with difficult stunts and ended up with around 470 hours of footage (about 20 days).
It ends up being a 2 hours long movie with 22.5 cuts by minute, 
and couldn't have existed without digital cameras, that allow huge quantities of footage.
And even though it's filled with CGI, it's still also an enormous quantity of work on set, one goes with the other, in harmony.
You can salute the work of the stuntmen who did absolutely amazing, 
without forgetting about all the poeple in post, the craftsmen of the invisible,
who helped making this movie and a ton of others.
Fincher is well known to use loads of CGI, but there's also Bong Joon-Hoo with
 Parasite and the CGI house, or even Forrest Gump, and many of Zemeckis's movies,
also Martin Scorcese, Denis Villeneuve, Alfonso Cuaron, and many others use it constantly.
Some people see the use of CGI as a problem and sometimes they can be right when you see what it's used for...
But I can also see an artform that keeps evolving to keeps us entertained, and if you think that CGI is too obvious, 
remember Armie Hammer who doesn't have a twin in The Social Network (2010) 
and that, on this motorbike, it's not Tom Hardy that's driving.
Mad Max Fury Road
Or, the craftsmen of the invisible. 
I fell like it's been a while since I've done that, I'm very confused.
Thank you for watching this video on Mad Max Fury Road, one of the best action movies of all time,  
And if you haven't seen it yet, I didn't spoil anything so you can
 still go and watch it now and be amazed.
Thank you for watching until the end, i'd like to thank everyone who supports me on uTip 
and Tipeee, all the links are in the description if you want to give something,
it allows me to continue making these videos regularly, heyy I'm doing what I can
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On that note I'll see you soon, for those who follow me on twitter 
you'll already know, the next video will be about a female youtuber 
That's all I'll say, I really hope you'll like it
Stay healthy, stay alive, bye !  
