{Intro Music}
If you have ever flown on an airplane,
You know that it's an Enormous sized
Amazing Machine. A typical 747
can carry more than five hundred
passengers and weighs around
800,000 pounds when taking off. Yet, it
rolls down the runway and speed of
290 kilometers per hour
and as though by magic lifts itself into
the air
and can travel up to 13,000 kilometers
without stopping.
Incredible! Isn't it? Today we are going to
learn how an airplane flies in a very
simple way
by going through 'The aerodynamics of an
Airplane'
'The main parts of an Airplane' and 'Controlling
the Airplane'
THEAERODYNAMICS OFAN AIRPLANE The four
Aerodynamics of an Airplane are Drag, Thrust
Weight & Lift.  Drag also called
air resistance refers to the forces
acting opposite to the relative motion
of any object moving
with respect to a surrounding fluid. The
energy it takes to push through the
surrounding fluid
creates Drag. You may have noticed an
excellent example of drag reduction
in track cycling. The cyclist must push
through the mass of air in front
but, a streamlined sitting posture that
cuts through the air more smoothly
enables the cyclist to travel much faster
with less effort. The airplane always
retracts its landing gear and nose gear
into the body of the plane after
take-off to reduce drag.
Thrust counters Drag. It is a mechanical
force that keeps the airplane moving in
the air
Thrust is generated by Propellers, Jet
engines
or rockets. The compressor inside the jet
engine takes the air
and compresses it and after processing
from the combustion chamber and turbine
the gas is blown out through the exhaust
nozzle.
Here, Newton's third law of motion is
applied where the gas
is pushed backward and the engine is
pushed forward
Weight is the Airplane body, Passenger and
Luggage weight
in total
Lift overcomes the weight and holds the
Airplane
in the air. Lift is created mostly by
wings
to keep the plane aloft. So, to keep the
airplane moving
flying straight and level this must be
true
which means
no net force acting up on an airplane. In
any case
If drag is greater than thrust, the plane
slows down. If thrust is greater than
drag
The play moves faster. If weight is greater
than lift
the plane descends. If lift is greater
than weight
the plane climbs. PARTS OFAN AIRPLANE
The basic parts of an Airplane are Wings,
Horizontal stabilizer and
Vertical Stabilizer. The wing is the
most important part of an airplane,
since, it produces lift that allows a
plane to fly.
A wing produces lift because of it's
slightly inclined and special shape
which is called an Airfoil. This special
shape is designed to deflect the air at
the bottom of the wing
due to more air strikes at the bottom
and less air
at the top of the wing. As the Airplane
rolls down the runway
higher pressure and more upward force
produces below the wing
and lower pressure and lesser downward
force
above the wing. The net result is the
lifting of an airplane
Stabilizer. Stability in an airplane is a
tendency to return to its initial state
after a disturbance from that state.
Horizontal stabilizer performs this
function
when the disturbance force causes the
nose of an airplane to move up or down
such movement is called 'Pitch'. Vertical
stabilizer provide stability for a
disturbance in 'Yaw'.
Yaw is Side-to-Side motion of the nose.
--CONTROLLING THE AIRPLANE--- So, what are the
components in an airplane which control
the flight,
Direction and Height and maintain the
Equilibrium?
Its Elevator, Rudder and Aileron.
The Elevator can be deflected Up or Down
to produce a change in the downforce,
produced by the horizontal tail.
If the Elevator is deflected upward; It
increases the downforce produced by the
horizontal tail
causing the nose to pitch upward. If the
elevator is deflected
downward; Then, the counteracting force
causes the nose to pitch down.
The rudder can be deflected to either
side to produce a change in the
Side-force produced by the Vertical Tail.
If the Rudder is deflected
towards the right; It creates a side
forced to the left,
which causes the nose to Yaw to the
Right. If the Rudder is deflected
towards the Left; It creates a side
forced to the Right,
which causes the nose to Yaw to the
Left. Ailerons are located on the tip
of each wing.
Ailerons can be used to generate a
rolling motion for an Aircraft.
Ailerons usually work in opposition. If
the Right Aileron is deflected upward;
then Left is deflected downward and vice
versa.
Let's see this..... To curve the flight path
the Pilot deflects one wing to move up
and the other wing to move down by
controlling the Ailerons.
With the left aileron in downward
direction;
the Lift will increase. Whereas, at the
same time
the Aileron the Right-wing is in the
upward position,
therefore, Lifft on the right wing is
decreased
The result will roll the aircraft to the
Right.
If the Pilot reverses the Aileron
deflection
(Right Aileron Down, Left Up) The Right
Wing will Lift Up
and the Airplane will roll to the Left.
The Next Time You Travel in an Airplane
You'll Know How It Works!
 
 
