One. If you look at the cave paintings in
the South of France, it's full of animals
behaving and some of the behavior is
beautifully observed.
Two. Decades of work
by scientists go behind our good
television programs and that's how we
know so much about things like meerkats. Scientists have spent decades working in
the desert, mapping the family
relationships of these animals.
Three. Is our behavior and that of other animals
simply down to our genes (that's nature),
or is it the environment (nurture)? And in
a way it's a silly question because both are involved.
Four. Epigenetics. It
basically means the way that genes are
turned on and off and these certainly
affect behavior. One nice example is in
mice. Their behavior as adults is
affected by how much their mother licks
them when they're young.
Five. All mammals seem to have play
when they're young. So
whether we're talking about children,
kittens or puppies they all play.
Six. When a honeybee colony reaches a certain size,
half the colony goes away with the
Queen in a swarm. The swarm sends out
Scouts to find a new hollow tree. When a
scout comes back she performs a waggle
dance and convinces other bees that hers
is the best site.
Seven. Animals and
humans communicate. One of the best
examples that's been studied recently
if the Greater Honey Guide in Mozambique.
When the Honey Guide wants some honey
itself it approaches a village and gives
a special call to the people in the
village - a special chattering call and
when people respond the bird will lead
them to a bee's nest.
Eight. Ants always
seem to find cake at picnics. What's
happening is that Scout ants are
covering the whole of the neighborhood
but when they find your cake they go
straight back to the nest
laying a pheromone trail as they walk.
Nine. We are also getting an
acidification of the oceans and lots of
marine animals rely on smell. Smell works just as well underwater. And
unfortunately as things become more acid, 
smell stops working.
Ten. Some birds show
amazing feats of memory, remembering
where they put food many months before
in thousands of different places and
that's how they survive the winter.
London taxi drivers have to learn some
25,000 roads and routes and when they're
learning, the part of the brain that
expands is the hippocampus and that's
just the same as those scatter hoarding
birds.
