

## Intellocracy

(An Intellectual Superset of Democracy)

Ram Bansal

Copyright Ram Bansal 2012

Published at Smashwords

Other Smash-published eBooks by Ram Bansal

Social Psychology,

Understanding Human Mind and Brain Psychologically

Digging Deep in Love

***************************************************

## Preface

Democracy is a purely quantitative approach of giving power of self-rule to the people. It needs to be provided with a qualitative aspect too. For this, every adult citizen need be evaluated on an intellectual scale and his/her voting right must correspond to his/her rating on that scale. With this intellectual input to democracy, the new political system is named as 'Intellocracy'.

For a nation to progress, her citizens need be healthy and educated and they must get justice at right time to be free from fear and exploitation from the mighty. These are not only requirements of the individual but responsibilities of the state too. Therefore, Intellocracy proposes availability of health, education and judicial services uniformly to all free of cost. Further, production and distribution of all narcotics and intoxicants need be fully prohibited.

Land is a natural resource of a country like air, water, etc. Private ownership of land has proved detrimental to humanity through causing wide economic disparities. Patriotism is necessary for nation's progress and prosperity, and this should not be expected from a citizen not having a piece of land in the nation for putting his/her feet on. This dictates that every family unit in a nation must be provided with a respectable piece of land free of cost as a token of citizenship for building a home on.

Over the years, government employees are pampered a lot by ruling politicians making them the richest community in the country. Their incomes are 5 to 10 times of those of their equivalent non-government employees, while they themselves are responsible for incomes of common people of the country. Therefore, average wage of government employees need be made equal to that of other people of the nation. In addition to this wage ratio of highest to lowest level of employees be limited to 20 percent only.

## Sections of Contents

Missed Essence of Democracy **,**

Evils Democracy has Caused **,**

Indian Experience of Democracy **,**

Philosophies behind Intellocracy **,**

Basic Provisions of Intellocracy

Struggle for a Changeover

About the Author

Section A : Missed Essence of Democracy

## Section Contents

Principles of Governance

Genesis and Misunderstanding of Democracy

Why Democracies are Failing

Principles of Governance

After the tribal life of humanity, three major theories of ruling the people had been put forth so far.

## Democritus's Principle of Absolutism

Athens was the first civilized state on the Earth having a lot of philosophers which included astronomers, social scientists and material scientists. Democritus was a famous social scientist of Athens about 2,500 years back from now.

Democritus was a utilitarian who disliked all strong passions, was a believer in evolution - both astronomical and biological, and was a proponent of freedom of speech even to the slaves which were an essential part of society then. His put forth his concept of 'absolutism' according to which human intellect is to be treated as absolute with everything else being relative to it. As per him, human intellect, by its nature itself, knows the absolute truth.

On the basis of absolutism, the first ruling system was devised by Democritus and applied on city state of Athens about 2500 years back from now and it was known as Democracy to honor the promoter. In this system, all willing citizens of the city state used to assemble at Athena - a memorial of a girl of this name who defended her country and was brutally killed by the invaders, and take collective decisions of common interest to be handed over to the state's administrators for implementation.

## Plato's Principle of Relativism

Plato was about 30 years junior to Democritus and a staunch opponent of his principle of absolutism and democracy. He was inducted into Athens by Spartans as their mole to subvert Athens rise to popularity around the globe as the first and the foremost human civilization. He became a disciple of Socrates - the topmost intellectual of Athens, and established a school named 'Academy' in Athens.

Plato, in his book 'The Republic', put forth his principle of relativism, according to which human knowledge and intellect were relative and far from the absolute truth which is timeless and unchanging. knowledge is only a sensory perception which keeps on changing with time and circumstances. The true reality is revealed to a select few only who are born to rule the common people.

Accordingly, Plato proposed a totalitarian rule by the select few, self-appointed oligarchy, through thought control, censorship and inculcation of fierce nationalism. This was then known as 'politics' derived from word 'polish' the superficiality.

## Locke's Principle of Relativism

According to this principle, all human-beings derive their knowledge dependent on their circumstances and as such nobody would have absolute knowledge. So, all human-beings are incomplete as compared to an all-knowing ideal human-being which is non-existent. All human societies are composed of such incomplete humans. Since, all are incomplete in their knowledge, so are equal to each other and hence, nobody has a right to rule over others. Therefore, all must be treated at par and must tolerate each other's incompleteness. This is the basis of modern democracies all over the globe.

# What We Learn

From the three principles outlined above, first we take up Plato's relativism. This is the principle on which human dignity was sacrificed for benefits of a few. Godliness and Divine interventions have been the basis of this principle aimed at misleading people and keep them under rule of the few. Religions, spirituality, astrology, incarnations, etc. have been outcomes of this principle imperiling humanity till today. Even Europe had been in this grip for a long period but got rid of through process of renaissance. For the sake of human dignity, this principle need be discarded for all times to come.

Locke's principle of relativism, being based on negativity of incompleteness, inculcates negative feeling of inferiority in the minds of constituents. Secondly, incompleteness of knowledge does not mean that all have same degree of incompleteness and so are equal. Therefore, incompleteness of each individual has to be measured to give him/her an appropriate importance in a social system. The principle is ill-found on these counts.

Human knowledge is ever expanding through use of human intellect as time passes on. So, our knowledge base is incomplete at any time with respect to a future point of time but is complete at the time of the consideration. Secondly, human intellect is the best possible resource at our command and we must rely on it and respect it. This is what the principle of absolutism means to us in our present context. We can do the best through following this principle whatever short-comings it may have.

In city state of Athens of ancient times, when Democritus put forth this principle, his view was limited to Athens of that time wherein all constituents were intellectuals and disciplined citizens of the state. Being a small entity, they were having feelings of nationalism, and everyone had the same objective of furthering human civilization through scientific advancements. That situation is non-existent in today's world, disparities in resources and intellect have been widening wherein a lot of people are suffering under oppressions and exploitations of a few wealthy and strong persons. Material wealth has shown backdoor to human intellect, imperiling human dignity, which we need to re-establish. Devising a ruling system wherein human intellect - symbol of human dignity, is given prime importance is the need of the times. This is what 'Intellocracy' aims at.

Genesis and Misunderstanding of Democracy

In the first idealist city state of Acropolis, now known as Athens, seeds of democracy were sown by Democritus, a leading philosopher of those times. The city state population was small and there were not much of economic and lifestyle disparities among the generally learned and thoughtful people. The idea of Democritus was to establish an institution of organizing people and providing common services to them based on consensus or a majority view. There was thought of ruling the people through this new system, called Democracy. For the similarity of circumstances and lifestyles of all the people, they used to think similarly and needed similar facilities from the setup, generally.

This institution was set up after they had boldly and collectively countered with success an invasion on the city state. In this confrontation, a girl called Athena lost her life in saving honor and independence of the state. This experience had induced a need of collectivism in the people. To meet this wish of people, Democritus devised Democracy.

As headquarter and assembly place for people to take collective decisions, they built up a huge complex on a hill top, remains of which are still existing. As its central attraction, a statue of Athena was also installed at the place. Youths of the city state used to take oath before the statue to defend their city state by all their resources without caring for life.

The city state was invaded, captured and ruined by Philip of Macedonia, said to be official father of Alexander. After this invasion, the topmost philosopher and alchemist of Acropolis, Socrates was arrested and poisoned with the aim of killing him. Plato and Aristotle, who had masterminded this invasion by Philip through working as a mole of Yavans (originally Ionians) under their Academy in the city state, managed destruction of all the written works of Democritus for their propagation of valuing collective wisdom of people. Aristotle was the pioneer of Aristocracy, and later became guide and teacher of Alexander. Invasion of Asia, Africa and India by Alexander was master-minded by Aristotle.

About Socrates, although the official history says that Socrates was killed. But Indian scriptures indicate that he saved his life and came to India and worked here with a new name of Sushrut, the leading alchemist of those times, and as one of the founders of Ayurveda – the Indian system of medicine. All surviving citizens of acropolis, known as Acropols, also came to India and settled and build a new city with the name Agra. The Acropols were given a new Indian name of Agrawals. In honor of the heroic girl Athena, the city now existing around that place is named Athens which is now the capital of Greece.

Why Democracies are Failing

Democracy is so far considered to be the best system of governance for its presumably providing the people to elect their own government through a majority vote. Thus, it is basically the rule by the majority of the people. Its other presumptions are -

# People are educated enough to judge the candidates' worth,

# People have no compulsions to favor a particular candidate,

# People are not allured for personal gains and vote freely and fairly,

# People vote in accordance to merit of the candidates to form a good government,

# People are not intoxicated or hypnotized for voting to particular candidates,

# The society is exploitation-free with no dominant and dominated classes,

# There are no class considerations in the society based on religions, caste and creed, local and foreigner,

# People and their society have high moral character and standards.

All these conditions are determinants to qualifications of people and their society for application of democratic principles for electing their own government. These requirements of people with reasons thereof are discussed here one by one.

# Homogeneous Society

If the society is not homogenous and is divided on the basis of religious following, caste, creed etc then people will be forming groups dividing the society into minority and majority. Since, democracy is the rule by the majority, in a sectionalized society, the majority group would be ruling the minority group through its favorable government.

# Minimal Economic Disparities

Apart from the worst psychological exploitation of people by cunning persons and groups thereof, people are vulnerable to economic exploitation if they are not sound economically. Such an economic exploitation may be used for forcing the poor people to vote for candidates belonging to rich sections of the society. This would deepen the exploitation of the poor through misuse of ruling power in hands of the rich persons.

# Self-sufficiency of the Nation

Any nation lacking economic self-sufficiency is vulnerable to foreign interference in formation of a government there even though the nation may be called an independent nation. The foreign interests may affect not only voting by the people but policies of the government too. This intensifies the foreign interference and the people and the nation remain no more independent though they may look so externally.

# Educated and Disciplined Masses

Democracy provides full freedom to people and only disciplined persons make good use of freedom, others tend to misuse it and create chaos all around. These miscreants don't allow even the disciplined persons to live in peace and in discipline. Most often, when the people in general are not disciplined, miscreants capture political power through democratic provisions and then misuse the ruling power making the democracy the worst type of ruling system.

Education of people may inculcate a sense of discipline in the people but it has to be well designed for this. With miscreants taking over political power in a democracy, they first attack the education system and corrupt it to orient it to keep their political power intact for generations. Democratic India is a glaring example of this.

# Morality

What people need more than the education is a sense of morality as social animals - being responsible for themselves and respecting rights of others. Indiscipline people can't understand this and for them immorality becomes their usual way of living. For inculcating morality in the people, firstly they must be made healthy - physically and mentally, and then they must have a fear of law and justice machinery in the country. Since miscreants in a society are the first to be afraid of the law and justice machinery, they try to spoil it. If they get political power, they target becomes corrupting the law and justice machinery to be free from fear and being immoral in their lifestyles.

On such counts, most of the societies on the globe fail to be eligible for a democracy. And for the same reasons, the democracy is suitable for a small region with a small population of cohesive nature, like those in city states of the ancient past. Every society on growing big, grouping on basis of interests is inevitable making the society unsuitable for democratic ruling.

Section B : Evils Democracy has Caused

## Section Contents

Hazards of Growth

Terrors of Existence

Presidential versus Prime Ministerial Democracy

Tyranny of Democracy

Three Forms of Democracy

Dehumanizing Ingredients in Societies

Democracy - Howling of Jackals

Hazards of Growth

For our last 10 generations or so, we are socially, economically and politically habituated to think that growth of more and more materials is the solution to all the problems we face on the earth. In the process, either we have ignored considerations regarding quality of life on the planet, or linked it to material growth. As a result, humanity has spurred material growth to the extent that the growth has become autonomous now and continues without much of human interference, like production by an automatic machine.

# Materialism

Recently, I visited an old friend of mine after a very long gap in his new house composed of an apartment in a high-rise building. In the meantime, his two daughters got married and the only son got employed away from home. The husband and wife are the only residents in the flat, cluttered with probably every possible gadget needed for comforts of modern life. Air for breathing is re-circulated in the apartment and every space has to be illuminated artificially for visibility. I, living in a village for a long time, felt suffocated in the otherwise decent house of the friend.

Earlier, his house was of a single story with enough of open spaces for fresh air and natural sunlight. On earlier visits, I with all his family members used to sleep in the open courtyard and the experience used to be very refreshing. The land of that old house was leased to a builder for constructing the high-rise building for an apartment and some cash in return. The builder sold out other apartments to recover his cost of construction. This instance of my friend is a typical example of what we call the growth, prosperity and progress.

Indeed in such processes of growth, humanity has become prosperous in terms of money, conveniences and comforts, urban infrastructures, etc. Almost every desired thing is within purchasing power of urban rich people like my friend. What is lost in the process is the fresh air for breathing, natural sunlight for visibility, open spaces for playful company of children, and most importantly an openness of or for social organism.

I think that most of the readers of this story shall theoretically agree with me that we are overall losers due to the prevalent growth pattern of ours but shall practice the same growth pattern in their lifestyles. It is not a fault of none of us but that of the culture we are in politically, socially and economically.

# Ecology

Another outcome of the growth pattern has been ecological damage we are pushing due to our culture of growth. This aspect of human life on earth has been the most discussed topic in the last decade in seminars, meetings, conferences, etc. locally, nationally as well as internationally. But still we are following the same path and have not endeavored for a change. At gross level, humanity has committed to be humble with the environment but individually we remain the same.

# The Fallacy of Growth

If we count the human experiences of growth even in gross terms, we find that there had been economic recessions every now and then in-spite of our entry to the information age wherein we process information with a click and anticipate outcomes of our actions. Many such economic upheavals, like the present one, have been very cruel to us internationally and we feel disgusted. But still, we keep on moving on the same track of growth.

What is the short-coming of this growth pattern? I think it is merely economical with no consideration for humane growth of the individual and that of our social organism. As a result, individual morale and standard of morality have gone down imperiling the social organism. And it is going on without taking notice by most of us, just because we are too busy with our concern for economic growth to pause for a moment and peep inside ourselves \- our personalities, our ideologies, and our society.

# Globalization

With entry to the information age, the world humanity jumped to globalization bandwagon all of a sudden thinking that everything can now be processed like the information anywhere and everywhere to suit our whims. Difference between humanity, material and information was ignored at the peril of humanity. What moral was ignored in the process is 'global vision, local action' creating a chaos everywhere locally but blasting everything globally. The bitter experience is forcing us to rethink on globalization.

Today, human life in a society or locality is principally controlled by the government it has. Today a majority of human population is governed democratically. Therefore, if anything is to be held accountable for the wrong path human life has taken, it is the political system called the Democracy.

Terrors of Existence

Every one of us is in some or the other problem just because we exist. Thus, our existence itself terrifies our existence which means that existence itself is out to cut its own throat. Now the questions are -

 Is it like this, really? and

 Should it be like this?

Answer to the first question is 'yes' in today's world wherein people have become so much lustful that they want limitless wealth at others' costs. This lust of every one of us is the real culprit behind terror of existence. This becomes accentuated by the fact that we even don't know what we are going to do with the limitless wealth in our respective possessions. As a result, possessions themselves become burdens on us without any utility. We keep on earning more and more without sparing a moment for making good use of the earnings, or to think how much we need for a comfortable living.

The last question of comfortable living is although subjective but everyone has to answer it for him/herself and stop when the point of predetermined satisfaction is arrived.

Another implication of making efforts for possessing limitless wealth is that we have no time to make our society more congenial for us and for our next generations, while we keep on claiming to be social animals by attending clubs and evening parties and making other social celebrations. But even in such social gatherings, only businesses remain the hot topics of discussions and condition of society finds no place.

So, our problem of terrified existence boils down to the bitter fact that we are no more social animals in-spite of our being organized as nations - the highest level of social organizations. Yes, this is shocking, when I say that we are organized as nations at the highest level, instead of being organized as humanity at the highest level.

It is because, beyond nations, what binds us together is the force of human morality, which we are ignoring at our peril. We are bound together as nations not by will but for fear of mutual attacks. As far as our wills are concerned, we don't want to be bound at all.

Bindings restrict our freedoms which are also essential for being social animals, as every relationship of an individual restricts his/her freedoms. In civilized terms, we call these bindings as discipline.

Now coming to the second question - should it be like this?, the usual answer has to be an emphatic 'no'. But when we notice that we are not prepared to reverse the trend, our answer should be an emphatic 'yes'. Every one of us has to pay for what we do individually as well as collectively and we are suffering under these heavy debts on us.

The solution, now, is slipped out of our hands. No one can make an impact and all of us are not prepared. So, we need a force to behave in the way humanity must behave. In modern times, politics provides this force, and common ways of democratic politics has brought us to this level of devastation. We need some other type of political setup to cure ourselves, wherein we get cured under force of human morality. This is what 'Intellocracy' is proposed for.

Presidential versus Prime Ministerial Democracy

For management of an ongoing project of constructing a memorial in honor of Freedom Fighters of India from my village Khandoi with main financial support from the villagers, I was given the overall charge with support from a committee of 11 members. The preparations started with collection of contributions from the villagers, but only 3 members of the committee showed some enthusiasm of participation, with all others choosing to be dummies. In these 3 too, one was just a follower, one only worked as a spokesperson taking credit for everything that was supposed to be done, and thus only one really took active interest. In a fortnight, even the committee members did not provide their financial contribution, and in total only 15 persons made their financial contributions to the project. This was too meager a contribution to begin the construction work.

At this disheartening display of working of committee members, I called a meeting of those who had made their financial contributions, and made the pronouncement that the Committee members are not showing any active interest in discharging their duties, therefore the Committee should be dissolved, All attending the meeting agreed that the system of joint responsibility has not worked, therefore, someone must be given the full responsibility of the project and authority to choose his/her team to work with to ensure successful execution of the project. With this decision of all, the responsibility was given to me, along with the authority to choose my team of executives. The project has now taken off and its progress is visible to all.

This is the glaring example of why the Presidential democracies, like that in USA, are more successful than the Prime Ministerial democracies, like those in UK and India, all over the globe. For the same reason, all industrial and commercial establishments are managed through presidential systems of putting responsibilities and authorities in the Chief Executive's hands.

# Decisiveness

The worst thing about collective decision mechanism of Prime Ministerial governance is lack of decisiveness for which decisions get delayed unless someone has vested interests in the decision and takes initiative. In my experiment in my village, even collecting people for a decision takes about half an hour per person on an average. So for a committee of 11 members to take a decision, five persons absent themselves, on an average, and the rest 6 take about 3 hours for coming to the table. This hampers not only the decision process but also the spirits of those bearing main responsibility of the project.

Conversely, in a Presidential system, the responsible person takes the decision immediately and begins implementing that. Such a decision, however, may have some lacuna for the application of single mind, which comes to be known while implementing the decision, and may easily be removed. This works faster and in a more efficient way.

Tyranny of Democracy

Democracy is based on some theoretical presumptions which do not exist in any of our so-called democratic nations. To outline, these presumptions are -

1. All constituents have equality in intellect, intent and purpose, as far as formation of government is concerned. Because of this precondition, they have been given equal rights to vote.

2. The majority of the society is always well-intentioned, and has a right to rule over the minority, irrespective of their relative capabilities.

3. People do what they say, and will remain for ever what they are at a particular moment of time - the election time. Because of this assumption, some persons are elected to power on the basis of their promises and are empowered to rule for some fixed period of time - say five or six years.

None of the preconditions stated above exist in real world of ours, leading to falsification of democracies all around the world, putting masses at the mercy of the elected dictators for the specified period. Now, let us discuss our real world situation in the light of above preconditions of democracy.

a. Equality

Except for a very small group of well-select persons, no society can have equality of its members. Persons have different levels of intellect, making them to think differently and behave differently. Some may be truthful while some others may be great liars. Some may be economically sound while others may be "miserably poor. The poor may have vulnerability of selling their votes to the rich because of their economic compulsions. Some persons may have pious intentions while some others may be cunning enough to take advantage of the pious intentions of others, leading to exploitation of innocents by the cunning persons. Like this there may be many types of differences in the constituents and so do not deserve equal treatment for any purpose, particularly for government formation.

b. Number game

Democracy has a purely quantitative approach and so has in-built disregard to quality of humanity. It is often found that virtuous persons are fewer in number in a society randomly formed. These two observations when put together establishes a rule of foolish majority over the virtuous minority of the society. A very unwise approach to form a government leading to dehumanizing the society.

c. Changes in attitude

Democracy assumes that a person must be elected to power if makes a lucrative promise at the time of getting elected. It has become a social norm in all democracies that a few cunning persons make tall promises like bringing the heaven to earth if elected to power. The innocent masses, or rather the foolish masses, trust them and vote them to power for 5-6 years. On gaining power positions, the elected representatives often forget their promises to the people, and become tyrants while ruling.

Psychologically also, a person's behavior is invariably influenced by his circumstances. So a candidate to a position of power does not behave the same way when he is in the power position, making democracy an autocracy for the tenure of power.

Three Forms of Democracy

Depending on the minimum level of prosperity of a people, democracy takes two different forms - Mobocracy, Mediocracy and Demo(n)cracy. Presently these forms of democracy are existing in different countries of the world.

# Mobocracy

Psychology of a crowd is to move in togetherness with nobody having the initiative and drive to lead the people or think as an individual. Everyone feels safe in the crowd thinking that whatever would happen to all others, the same would happen to him/her. Swings of public mood visible through democratic election results are outcomes of this psychology of a crowd. Many democracies in the world are working through such psyche of people, hence are Mobocracies.

# Medocracy

I must clarify that democracy is not the best form of ruling a human society for its lack of intellectual base. In a democracy, only that person may get elected to the position of power who conforms to the majority view of the people, and the majority of the people can never be of rare intellectuals of the society or the pioneers of it, who invariably are a few only in any society. Since majority is composed of mediocre people, their elected leader can't be other than a mediocre. So at the best, a democracy is a rule of mediocrity.

Even a mediocre get elected to the position of power only when the voters are not under any economic or social pressures and are free to vote for a person of their liking. This happens only when -

The society has no wide economic disparities, and

The minimum level of prosperity is good enough for respectful survival of the poorest of the people.

Such a society only can vote freely and fairly and elect a leader of its choice.

The two conditions stated above are indeed essential for success of the democracy in a country, therefore are basic qualifications of the society for adopting democracy for electing a government.

# Demoncracy

Not all Democratic countries of the world possess these two basic qualifications. Many have either wide economic disparities or the majority of people are not prosperous enough to get education and freely elect their government. When economic disparities are very wide and the poorest section of the society can not afford to get proper education and is compelled by the circumstances to depend on richer people for its survival, the rich exploit the situation for their own benefits of securing political power through purchase of votes of the poor or otherwise compel them to vote in accordance the rich's choices.

In such democracies, the economic power go on getting concentrated in a fewer hands through exploitations of the poor and corrupt practices adopted by those in power. So, the political power remains in few hands for ever, although it appears that the government is elected through free and fair polling. These powerful few use all sorts of nasty tactics to remain in power, the most important being presence of dynasties in political authority. For this reason, I call this Demoncracy as a variation of democracy. India has this demoncracy for ruling her people.

Even a mediocracy, in the long run, tends to get converted to a demoncracy as the time passes on through exploitation of the poorer people by the rich and through corrupt practices of those in political authority. Although present democracy in US is a mediocracy up to some extent, it is sliding towards a demoncracy gradually. Economic disparities are widening and the corruption is rising. So every democracy needs an improvement, sooner the better.

Dehumanizing Ingredients in Societies

There are some practices in our societies which are very dehumanizing. Intellocracy has marked such practices for total eradication through striking at the very roots of these practices.

#   
Beggary

Basically, somebody getting a thing without deserving gives rise to beggary practice of one or the other kind. The most important condition of deservance is that the person must put hard work to get the thing. Anything acquired without working makes one a beggar lowering his/her self-esteem and willingness to work lowering his/her productivity for ever. A loss of productivity of one spreads in the society like an infectious disease imperiling the whole society.

Charities and donations are also beggary in the reverse gear wherein resourceful members of the society get involved in promoting mentality of beggars in others to keep the latter under their psychological control.

# Intoxication

Getting intoxicated through consumption of alcohol, tobacco and other narcotics for mental pleasures makes a person habitual of such practices. Such a person lives and dies for this habit and loses all his interests in endeavors of life. The practice is a costly luxury on one side and paralyzing to the person's productivity on the other, jeopardizing one's economy. This practice also spreads in the society like an infection and so must be hammered out at the beginning itself.

Some filthy reasons advanced in favor of intoxication practices are medical - curing of mental disorders and relieving of mental tensions which merely support habit formation. According to Indian Council of Medical Research, India loses INR 135,000 million annually on treatment of diseases produced by tobacco products in the country.

# Filthy Public Places

Street dogs are the largest source of filth on the streets in both the rural and urban areas of India followed by pigs and cows. All these animals and their excreta are damaging to human health in more than one ways. Although, importance of cleanliness is well-known, it is compromised on taking humanitarian view on existence of such animals in the vicinity which not only promotes dirty habits but also promotes many diseases in the society.

# Loss of Individualism

Going according to one's own convictions, irrespective of what others are doing, is individualism. It requires courage to stand alone, it requires a strong compelling feeling for own convictions to subscribe to individualism. Opposite to individualism is conformism, wherein persons flock together and show oneness of the crowd. In a crowd, no individual has a value system of his own. This is considered convenient by most of the people in our world today. Their individual plea is 'whatever shall happen to all, same shall happen to me', and people feel safe under this plea.

Why I have chosen to write on this topic, because I have a compelling reason, and I am feeling stirred with the horrors of conformism. Last week, I wrote an article Spirituality \- the deadliest poison for humanity on a website. There was an instant flood of critical comments on my article, and I was almost singled out and pointed out as a devil by the crowd. I got surprised and wanted to check whether the whole society and particularly my critics are really spiritualists. I wrote another article 'Define SPIRITUALITY - an open request' on the same site, and sent individual messages to each of my critics to educate me on the subject by leaving their definitions in the article's comment box. I am shocked to see that none of my critics provided his definition of the subject and only a few provided their general non-definitive views. I am spelling this episode here, not to garner support for my conviction, but to show to readers of this article behaviour pattern of the conformists.

Everybody can become a conformist without going through the trouble of study, research and understanding of the issue; but to be an individualist, one has to be precisely sure of his conviction through studies and research. In my opinion, conformism is the cause of crisis in the world today - crisis of application of intellect, crisis of character, crisis of thought, crisis of self-confidence, etc.

Think, if everybody looks for all other's support for everything, who shall be the pioneer? And what will happen to the society if there is no pioneer? What has lead to this crisis in the society? Democracy - I believe. An individualist gets no supporter, while a conformist is always a part of a crowd. In democracies all over the world, only numbers are counted, not the attributes. This quantitative approach of democracy and total disregard to quality has made our society a crowd of conformists. Solution to this crisis lies in introducing a quality attribute to democratic process, what may be called as "Intellectual Democracy" or "Intellocracy".

In the crowd of conformists, a few compulsive individualists get isolated from the society and are often labelled as impractical, cynics, insane, etc. Many countries of the world have laws disallowing not to express views if other's feelings get hurt by those. These laws do not have any criteria to check whether the so-called others' feelings are right or wrong, arbitrary or scientific, in majority or in minority. It is nothing but legal strangulation of individualist's intellect.

# Present Democracy

Democracy is still considered to be the best way of governance of free people. But it has constraints of applicability, the foremost being minimal economic and social disparities of constituents so that nobody is able to exploit others of their respective voting powers and establish his/her rule over them.

India with a pluralistic society having huge economic and social inequalities for thousands of years does not qualify for being a democratically governed Nation. Democratic experiences of India for the last more than 6 decades prove this fact. Anarchy, corruption, poverty, unemployment, widening inequalities, etc are gifts of Democracy to people of India with a junta of anti-social elements ruling the country through establishing their dynasty rules. Most of the political parties in the country are family-owned.

# The Distortion

The genesis and present state of democracy discussed above displays how the humanity misuses even a good-intentioned concept created for certain circumstances. The circumstances are forgotten soon and the people begin using the concept to promote their vested interests in the name of the good-intentioned concept.

Democritus never imagined that his novel idea shall be misused by the cunning humanity to misguide and exploit the innocent souls on the earth, as is happening in Indian democracy. By all counts, Indian population is still not eligible for a democracy.

Democracy - Howling of Jackals

Once upon a time, a meeting was called to decide by consensus on a burning issue before the society. Some intellectuals put forth their learned views on the issue and they started discussing the matter threadbare. The discussion continued for hours. Getting bored of the lengthy discussion, a thoughtless person rose to his feet and suggested a solution. He suggested those agreeing with him shall shout 'hua-hua' and come closer to each other. Soon, the meeting venue was full of howling humanity, all agreeing without any idea and understanding of each other. Since then, a huge howling is going on on the political scene of India. This unified howling dimmed the intellectual discussion. This is one picture of Indian democracy since independence - fools getting unified without any ideology, and ideologists thrown out of the political jungle. For a practical feel - see the hired slogan-shouting crowd in a political rally.

Another psychological bitter fact about common people - they appreciate the most what they understand the least. Just stand outside a meeting venue of a political gathering with some leaders speaking and the crowd hearing - mind, not listening. them. After the meeting, the audience appreciate the oratory skills of their leaders and disperse. Ask anybody, what the leaders said. And surely, you will have no answer but appreciations only. Nobody knows what was said and what was the point of appreciation.

A person was standing outside his house trying to satisfy his urge for a sneeze, looking upwards towards the sky with utmost concentration. A passerby saw him and tried to understand what the person was looking at. He also focused on the sky trying to make out what was going on. A third person came and he also copied the second. Soon, a large crowd gathered there looking towards the sky trying to make out what was being looked at. In the meantime, the original spectator got disturbed by seeing the crowd and calmly slipped into his house leaving the curious crowd there itself. Gradually, the earlier spectators started disappearing feeling the disappointment with many new entrants on the scene. This continued for ever and the crowd kept on swarming. This is another picture of Indian democracy with most of the people trying to make out what is happening and disappearing with disappointment and new faces coming in. Thus, the democracy is getting support of more and more people with million being added to voter list every year. Disappointment has become the ultimate goal of Indian society and this has entered into genes of ours - trying to make out until fully disappointed.

What, don't agree? Just see the crowd at the holy feet of Baba Ramdev, the most modern cheat of India.

Do I need to elaborate more! Please tell me what comes to your mind, naturally.

Section C : Indian Experience of Democracy

## Section Contents

Indian Politics since Independence

India's Problems of Governance

How Public is being Tamed

Corrupt Foundation of Democracy - Elections

Religious Sentiments Harm Public Interests

Poverty to Beggary

Reservations to Select Groups

Government in Business

Indian Politics since Independence

In India, marriages of boys and girls are arranged within their respective castes. This was meant for keeping purity of good dynasties from getting corrupt through marriages with bad dynasties, many of whom from all over the world came here and settled, making India an open field for both good and bad races surviving together. Situation in many other countries was also the same, but the good and bad races got mixed up through inter-racial marriages, making it difficult to identify a person's nature by his/her family name. In India, it is still possible as most of the people have maintained their caste characteristics through intra-caste marriages.

This feature of maintenance of caste-characteristics has some advantages for good races keeping their goodness intact uncorrupted by other bad races, but has many disadvantages for the nation and the society as a whole. I would deal here some burning issues born of caste-characteristics affecting the political culture of the country.

# Vamanism

Treating the self as a superior species with all others as inferiors has been the tradition with a caste of India, referred to as 'Vaman' in scriptures but now called 'Brahmans'. In rural circles, they are still called Vamans. They, indeed, have no relationship with Brahma, a great historical personality of the country of about 2400 years back. The Vamans changed their name to Brahmans to misguide people by showing their relationship with Brahma.

With this air of superiority of the self, posing as preachers and agents of God, this caste has been dominating people and by exploiting them psychologically through many of their tantrums related to religion, spirituality, astrology, ceremonial rituals, God, etc. This caste converted the ancient profession-based division of people to birth-based division as Brahman, Vaish, Kshatriya and Shudra. The maximum to suffer under this Vamanism have been Shudras with getting sub-human treatments from others.

With their artificially established psychological superiority over others, a Vaman Jawahar Lal Nehru became the first Prime Minister of so-called democratic India in 1950 and he established a dynasty rule over the country which continues until now. He had manipulated tacit support of Vamans, Muslims and Downtrodden classes by and large. For this dynasty rule, submissive psyche of people towards Vamans is also responsible up to some extent.

Some persons may argue that in a democratic country, establishment of a dynasty rule is not possible with support from the people. For these persons, I must inform that none of the processes of formation of a government in the country is truly democratic. Votes are purchased from poor masses under different pretexts and promises, and the so-called elected leaders are for sale for supporting the highest bidder for forming the government.

# The Politics of Downtrodden

There works a well-oiled machinery to keep the down-trodden classes of the country poor and in ever-begging mode by offering them free doles from the government side instead of providing them education and employment or other sources of earning their livelihoods through hardworking. There are 1108 recognized scheduled castes and 744 scheduled tribes in the country, making up about 24 percent of the country's population. Since they are enjoying a lot of free facilities, their role in productivity of the country is negligible. They often vote en-block in their respective regions to a party promising them maximum free facilities. So, their votes are much valued by politicians as a huge vote bank. To increase their bargaining power through number of votes, they marry their children at early ages and keep on producing children until they become ineffective in doing so. They rarely care for educating their children or feeding them well. For this reason, their population is continuously rising at a rate higher than those of upper castes since independence.

# Caste-based Reservations

Through providing reservations to members of the down-trodden castes in education, employment, promotion and legislatures, Constitution of India is highly biased in favor of these castes. The provision was initially made for 10 years only to bring them at par with others. But, neither these down-trodden classes nor the politicians in power have any interest in their coming up. These classes have developed vested interests in reservation, while the politicians have vested interests in their remaining uneducated and poor – as convenient vote banks. With connivance of the two, reservation not only continues even after 6 decades of freedom, but its scope is being enhanced. They still remain poor, uneducated and uncultured by and large with dependence on reservations.

Though a majority of these classes rarely take advantage of reservation facilities for their low interest in education, a few families of only one caste, called Jatav, out of 1108 scheduled castes of the country, are progressing well with capturing all the free facilities and opportunities through reservations available to the whole class. These families are sharing ruling and administrative powers of the country in a big way with others, principally Vamans, while all other down-trodden remain dependent on free doles from the government.

# Islamic Influence on Politics

Like down-trodden classes voting en-block for selective candidates on caste lines, Muslims of the country too vote en-block to Muslim candidates, as a result, most of the Muslims entering the fray get elected with other votes getting divided among many candidates. Their strategy is also similar to down-trodden classes about increasing their population at a fast rate to gain high voting power with their population rising at rate higher than that of even the down-trodden classes. Even they are provided a special facility of each man having up to four wives by the Constitution of India.

For their en-block voting pattern on orders from their religious leaders, political parties like to field maximum possible number of Muslim candidates, giving a huge share of ruling power to the community. This community also pays little attention to education of the children and, by and large, they are illiterate craftsmen through respective family traditions. Though, they have a good share in ruling power, their share in administration is negligible for their disinterest in education.

# Education and Politics

While even for post of peon in any government office, there is a prescribed minimum education and age bar for entry and retirement, there is no such prescription for being a Legislator or Minister in the government. This has resulted illiterates or ill-educated persons holding powerful positions in Governments, adversely affecting the country's governance.

For the nasty practices being used in getting votes for getting elected to legislatures, educated persons fail miserably if they enter the fray. The illiterate or ill-educated masses constituting over 50 percent population of the country prefer voting in return for promises of free doles, alcoholic drinks, money, etc or for caste considerations which educated persons can't offer. Therefore, Indian political situation today is anti-merit in all its characteristics and conduct.

All the political parties of the country lean heavily on those communities and castes whose members vote en-block, are too poor and illiterate to understand value of their votes. Therefore, merit of a candidate is never considered either by parties or by the majority of voters. All selections of candidates by the parties are based on caste considerations in respective constituencies. As a result, members of castes giving importance to getting educated and controlling their population for overall growth of family members are at great disadvantage in politics of the country. They have to be contented with their individual progresses in the fields of education and employment in private enterprises or in their own businesses. Not only this, they are exploited a lot by corrupt politicians in power and incapable administrators of the country.

# Psychological Blackmailing

For the people of the country being by and large not educated adequately, they are often psychologically blackmailed for getting their votes out of sympathies for a sufferer of any kind irrespective of merit of the person. This has resulted into a person becoming the Prime Minister of the country just because his mother was assassinated. An election after death of a sitting Legislator, for any reason, his/her next of kin often gets elected in his/her place through weeping before the voters for the bereavement with a purpose of getting their sympathy and hence the votes for getting elected. There is no consideration of merit of the person asking for votes for getting elected.

India's Problems of Governance

# The Genesis of Problem

With Mahatma Gandhi's return to India from South Africa, India's freedom movement against British empire got a boost. That was the time, when leaders of the movement must have thought about how the country shall be governed after attaining freedom. With the exception of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, no leader bothered about the problem while asking the British to grant independence to India. Netaji knew people of India well as undisciplined and irresponsible under their culture of long term slavery and was against democratic power to the people after achieving independence. His views were ignored by Indian National Congress organizing the movement for independence.

When India got independence in 1947, there was no blue print for ruling the country. At that time, democracy was considered to be the best system of governance for the newly independent countries, so it was adopted through a constitution drafted in a hurry and haphazard manner with borrowings mainly from British constitution which was not meant for self-ruling a free country but for ruling other countries under British Empire. It provided immense repressive powers to the rulers and administrators.

# Constitution of India

After independence, the Constitution of India quickly-drafted by novice minds in independence adopted it in 1950 to rule the people in a democratic manner through a council of ministers. Democracy assumes people to be disciplined, responsible and adequately educated to understand value of their democratic right of voting. This proved wrong for Indians - huge number of hungry bellies, highly undisciplined and with no minds of their own, hence preferring to move like herds of cattle.

India is a huge country, widely diversified in natural and social circumstances, racial composition, economic disparities, etc. All these things were not considered while drafting and adopting the Indian constitution. Contrary to this, Indian laws taken from British constitution grant unbridled powers to those in government and administration and so are repressive in nature. This has led to wide-spread corruption, autocracy, empiricism, anarchy, etc at all levels of Indian ruling and administration. As a result, the constitution proves a miserable failure to deal with overall welfare of the people through a right type of governance.

# Search for a Solution

Since independence, governments and people of India have been looking for viable solutions to problems of India on a piecemeal basis within the framework of an ill-conceived constitution. As a result, Indian constitution has been amended about 100 times in the last 61 years of its existence. Even then, the problems are getting multiplied day by day, resulting into an overall anarchy in the country. Freedom of the country has become autocracy of few as the rulers and hence repressive for the people. Morality, the most precious asset of humanity, has touched its lowest possible negative level. If India were not a large country, there would have been a 'French-type bloody revolution' in the country long before from now. A bloody revolution has not taken place for poverty, passivity and selfishness of people resulted from nearly 1800 years of their being crushed under rules of invaders.

By all the facts given above, the solution to India's problems lies in drafting a new Constitution of India to take care of realities of the country. Its outlines have been discussed under cover of 'Intellocracy'.

How Public is being Tamed

Fact 1

In 1456, a king of Walachia (now part of Romania), well-known as Dracula assembled all sorts of beggars, destitute souls and other parasites on the society for a feast and asked them if they wanted luxurious lives without earning it. Every one shouted, "Yes, we want". Then he said that there was little place in his society for people who would be a burden and anybody who did not contribute to the community received scant sympathy and killed all of them in the country under his rule.

Fact 2

In 1789, common people of France revolted against tyranny of their rulers - the nobility and the clergy, and killed all of them in a mass upsurge of productive classes and established their own government. This is called as French Revolution. This historical fact teaches similar rulers worldwide to be on alert against masses up-surging against themselves and take enough precautions in advance.

Fact 3

Adolf Hitler in Mein Kampf (My Struggle), "The magnitude of a lie always contains a certain factor credibility, since the great masses of the people in the very bottom of their hearts tend to be corrupt rather than consciously and purposely evil, and that, therefore, in view of the primitive simplicity of their minds, they more easily fall a victim to a big lie than to a little one, since they themselves lie in little things, but would be ashamed of lies that were too big. ..."

The above three historical instances prove that masses, if allowed or provided, want luxurious lifestyle for themselves without working for it and that masses can go violent to overthrow a regime if not satisfied with their rulers. The third quote from Adolf Hitler is a lesson, Indian ruling community - political leaders and Administrators, have taken to their hearts. The three combined make the philosophy of present governance of India after the independence, particularly from 70s onwards.

The purpose is to tame (through the greatest of lies) the public by disabling its mass-up-surging (like the French revolution) against misrule through making it a crowd of destitute souls (longing for luxurious life without earning it). With this purpose in mind, the political leaders of India promise big things to happen beyond their period of ruling tenures as the big lies. For example, present UP Chief Minister declares that the State shall be made self-sufficient in electricity-for-all in the next 10 years, while the present regime is seated for 5 years only. Since such big lies may be caught one day by the people and they may revolt, they are made to feel being destitute and beggars by providing them free or cheap meals (mid-day meals at schools and cheap cereals through ration shops), clothing (sarees and school uniforms, etc.) and housing grants, scholarships without consideration of merit, old-age pension, etc. Without understanding overall impacts of these free doles, people think they may lead luxurious lives without earning for it and feel obliged to the political leaders. Thus, inculcating a psychology of beggary and destitute in the people, political leaders avoid mass upsurge against their misrules of corrupt practices.

This can't be understood by the public because it is, to quote Adolf Hitler again, "like a woman whose psychic state is determined less by grounds of abstract reason than by an indefinable emotional longing for a force which will complement her nature, and who, consequently, would rather bow to a strong man than dominate a weakling, likewise the masses love a commander more than a petitioner and feel inwardly more satisfied by a doctrine, tolerating no other beside itself, than by the granting of liberalistic freedom with which, as a rule, they can do little, and are prone to feel that they have been abandoned. They are equally unaware of their shameless spiritual terrorization and the hideous abuse of their human freedom, for they absolutely fail to suspect the inner insanity of the whole doctrine. All they see is te ruthless force and brutality of its calculated manifestations, to which they always submit in the end".

Corrupt Foundation of Democracy - Elections

In the most densely populated state of India, my state Uttar Pradesh, when three tier Panchayat elections were in process for being the foundation of another 5 years of democratic governance of people and hence reflection of functioning of democracy in the country. The process followed is not only applicable for Panchayats but these remain the same for State Assemblies and Parliamentary elections too.

The first notable feature of an election process requires too many formalities to be completed by the candidates. For these, they are required to submit before the election officials many clearances and credentials obtained from the administrative officials before becoming candidates. This makes all administrative offices crowded for about a month with no normal duties but heavily loaded with providing clearances and credentials for the candidates. And nothing moves an inch without a bribe. Every formal official slip and signature of the official concerned needs at least one hundred rupee currency note, which is the official daily wage of a hard-working person in the country. In the process, every candidate spends about Rs 2,000 before entering the fray - about a month's wage for an average person in India. Due to this, while all officials reap a rich harvest while democracy is being slaved by the rich people of the country.

Another important factor is that no candidate is trying to attract the voters by highlighting his/her past performance or future projections of development, since nobody is having any such thinking or credentials. It is not only the candidates who are at fault but even the voters are also not judging the candidates on the basis of their past performances or projections for the future. Instead, everyone is involved in personal and mean allurements dominated by consumption of cheap alcohol for intoxication. There are villages spending over Rs 10 lacs on such nasty consumptions during a period of about a month of electioneering. The madness of the people is significantly realized by the fact of poisonous liquor reaching the people occasionally and killing them in large numbers. Every village is witnessing fatal accidents due to such consumptions with no lessons to be taken from these.

Since nobody can afford to misspent his/her hard-earned money, all the rich people in the fray are those who have earned money through corrupt practices, spend it on corrupt practices to become capable of more corrupt practices for another five years. The money being misspent on electioneering is going to be recovered from the funds earmarked for development of the area through corrupt practices with full involvement of corrupt officials.

he third foolishness of the system is reservations in governance for women in the country which is for one third of the total official positions. Most of the women in the fray are traditionally habitual of living in veils and as play no role in the governance. Their assigned roles in governance are played by their husbands or other male relations. This falsifies assigned roles of women in the country through reservations. This was not at all required as no women was debarred from participating in politics of the country based on her merits. Incidentally, this imposition on the country is forced by a woman who is not even an Indian and has malicious intentions of ruling the country through her veiled intentions.

India is said to be highly populated country as shown by the official records. But in my village of about 3,500 population, there are about 1,000 persons not normally living in the village. Officially, their names are recorded as residents of the village as well as residents of places of their normal residences. These people have their voting rights, rationing credentials, demographic data, and properties at both the places. To my greatest dismay, I brought this fact to the notice of the Chief Election Commissioner of the state just before the ongoing Panchayat elections with no results thereof.

This is not the condition of my village but that of all the villages in the country. Thus, all official records of the country are full of falsehoods and no official is bothered to be true his/her official duties, everybody being involved in maximizing personal gains out of the systematic corruption in the country. This is how the things are in the country presently and is a reflection of the future of the country's governance.

#  Criteria of Voting a Candidate

Condition of democracy is degrading day by day and with each election, some new factors of degradation get added. People vote not for forming a good government but for reasons other than this. The starkest example of this came to light when a well-known criminal got elected to District Panchayat Membership with a thumping majority. The strategy of the candidate had been to tell the voters that police is after him for his crimes and he may be killed one day if not voted to power. After telling this, he used to prostrate before each voter holding his/her feet until the voter promised his/her vote to him. And the people voted for him as a mercy to save his life. Thus, their vote goes against a government's function of punishing the guilty to cleanse the society. Indeed this strategy is emotional blackmailing of the voters to move their hearts from the real purpose of democracy for which they were supposed to vote.

Other criteria of casting a vote in a candidate's favor have been equally shameful, important of which are given below.

**Free Liquor Supply** : Cheap alcoholic liquor is the most lucrative item for the voters which is freely provided by the candidates in abundance. Even the suppliers have specially marked crates for election purposes which is cheaper than the regular supplies. On an average, about 70 percent of electioneering fund of candidates, which ranges from Rupees 2 to 10 hundred-thousand for each candidate at the lowest pedestal of democracy - Gram-Pradhan's post (Chief of the village), is spent on this single item. With each village having 5 candidates on an average, during an election campaign for the village chief's position, each village spends about INR 3 million on liquor and other items to please the voters. As a result, even boys of 18 and 19 may be seen taking the liquor any time of the day until late in the nights during an election campaign period.

**Cash Distribution** : Apart from liquor supply, some candidates offer hard cash to voters as a price for votes and the voters shamelessly accept it. This time, this price had been from INR 500 to 2,000 for each vote for voting to a village chief's position. Such pricing of votes is not new to Indian democracy. Our Parliament and State Assembly members have been taking it for a long time for forming or toppling a government. Block Panchayat and District Panchayat chiefs have been getting elected through purchase of votes of their respective members for the last so many elections.

**Emotional Black-mailing** : As aforesaid, a great tradition in vogue in elections in India has been touching the feet of the voters by the candidates and his/her family members. Even knowing it very well that this exercise in flattery is for the time being only, the voters get influenced by this practice particularly when a high caste candidate touches feet of a lower caste voter. This is nothing but emotional blackmailing of the voters.

Another emotional black-mailing of voters is adopted to by many candidates through use of name of some dead relatives of the candidate to gain sympathy of the voters hence their votes, thus avoiding consideration of merit of the candidate for the contested position. This factor works wonderfully well for the people not understanding what for they are electing the person. For this reason, an airline pilot was elected to the position of Prime Minister of India with many of his friends becoming Ministers in the government. People paid a heavy price for this foolishness.

**Promises for Petty Personal Gains** : The candidates promise to provide to the individual voters free doles like money, free housing aid, water and electricity supply etc, illegal possession on public land, etc. to get their votes, instead of the development works such as lighting, cleanliness, roads, drains, etc for the whole public for which the elected person control funds of the government.

Surprisingly, no candidate talks for the development work he/she shall do if elected to power and no voter asks for it. In the process, almost all public money meant for development works is siphoned to personal accounts of those in power and no voter complaints against such illegal practices because of their being under obligation during the election process.

Such processes are in vogue just because people, in general, do not understand value of their votes and hence are not eligible for the democracy imposed on them.

Religious Sentiments Harm Public Interests

I have always been insisting that the masses are conformists and they do usually oppose innovation and creativity. Therefore, many innovations get strangulated under avoidance of hurting sentiments of the masses. In a democracy, since future of a government hangs in balance on support of the masses, the governments, too, work in opposition of innovations thus, harming the whole humanity.

Government's working is not only limited to opposing innovations for getting mass support, in many cases, even public welfare is put to stake for pleasing sections of public, sentimentally. Thus, sentiments of a section are given priority over logic or the public welfare. A case of an official action on behalf of the government in India has come to my notice that is largely hurting the public interests in the process of safeguarding religious sentiments of some sections of the public. Thus, sentiments of some are allowed to harm public interests by the government.

# Monkey Menace

Monkeys, probably the most notorious of forms of life on earth, are flourishing in India in huge numbers with concentrations at some particular locations. This animal is considered as representative of an epic character of Hindu mythology – Hanuman, of Ramayan fame. Many devotees of Hanuman feed monkeys on Tuesdays with delicious foods to please their deity with a notion of Tuesday being a day of Hanuman. I wonder why a deity is pleased once a week only and left uncared for on other 6 days of every week. Or, why the monkeys are fed on Tuesdays only leaving them hungry on other days. Clearly, logic does not work in matters of foolish sentiments or religious traditions cultivated by vested interests.

Monkeys increase their population at a considerably fast pace, making their population thick at any place they begin residing at. I have observed in some townships of India, say Fatehabad in Agra district of U.P., the monkey population is so high that children are not allowed to move on streets without adults and all doors of houses are kept closed to prevent monkey's entry and hence damages to household things.

Until about two decades back, monkeys were exported from India to advanced countries, like USA, for experimentation in medical research, wherein monkeys were used for trying new developments in drugs before making them available to public. In this process of scientific developments for human welfare, some monkeys used to get harmed. Therefore, the export of monkeys was banned after a Hindu religious outcry of maltreatment to representatives of the Hindu deity. This has removed a throttle on population rise of monkeys in the country.

On complaints from some such locations, the government has arranged capturing monkeys from thickly populated areas and leaving them where their population is low or nonexistent. My village fell in the latter category and some truckloads of monkeys have been offloaded around the village, totally unprepared to deal with the menace. Thus, a new problem has been added to the life of people in the village by the government officials.

Three days back, a group of monkeys attacked an over 70 year old lone woman in her house and injured her severally all over her body with paws and bites as she fell down in the attack. Monkeys carry rabies virus in their saliva and a person bitten by a monkey may get mad if not treated with anti-rabies injections. The old woman is under medical treatment now which may continue for a month or so for some serious wounds on her body. The same woman was attacked by monkeys earlier also.

Apart from such attacks on individuals, monkeys destroy agricultural crops and fruits in gardens, causing huge losses to the farming community forming a majority of rural population in the country.

# Blue Cow Menace

Another wild form of life has been increasing in India for a long time that showed its presence in Rajasthan earlier but now spread to Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh. This animal is called 'Neel Gaay' (Blue Cow). Since, cow is considered holy in Hinduism, though no Hindu wants to keep cows as domestic cattle, killing of this blue cow is also prohibited while there is no scientific evidence of blue cow belonging to the cow of Hindu considerations. It appears close to horses and donkeys.

The blue cow damages agricultural crops to a great extent and the farmers are constrained to keep whole night watch on their fields to save their crops from the blue cow, which has no utility to humanity. It is a fleshy animal and its meat may be eaten by some persons, if allowed by the government.

# Religious Fanaticism and Extremism

Indians are said to be religious people. But a religion must teach morality in the first place and to be sure, Indians are highly immoral in-spite of high level talks of morality. Even the so called most religious persons are often found to be guilty of moral turpitude. If we take religion to mean what it is said to preach, Indians are not religious people, they only make a show of this for preaching others only with no body taking his/her preaching to practice.

If one is determined to search for morality in India, it may be found in illiterate laborers and farmers who know little of morality and other religious preachings. It is because the greatest morality lies in depending on own labor for survival and progress. And these illiterate laborers and farmers are so simple that they can't cheat anybody for their own benefits so solely depend on themselves. On the contrary, they are exploited by cunning persons of the society.

Basically, religions never mean what they preach. It is simply proved by the bitter fact that no religious person is found to be following what his/her religion preaches. This falsehood of religions make their followers exhibitionists as far as their respective religions are concerned. Exhibitionism ultimately becomes fanaticism - undue zeal about following the religion and doing everything to display it publicly.

Since, India has a checkered history, I would concentrate here on India after the independence from the rule of British Empire ie after 1947. In free India, followers of Islam were the first to show fanaticism about their religion and they were supported by politicians of various shades with a view to corner their votes in their respective favors. In the process, they were given many undue concessions which further flared their fanaticism making it their premium attribute. Hindu fanaticism developed later as a reaction to Islamic fanaticism and government support to it. Today, we have huge armies of religious fanatics on both sides, ever ready to take on each other.

Religious confrontations lead people to become religious extremists, wherein they get prepared to raise arms against followers of other religions. This is intolerance of the highest degree. Thus, religions have become strong dividing forces for the human society. Thus, fanaticism is too much love for something own, and extremism is hatred for something belonging to others.

Islam was originated from wars and struggles, with a common attribute of cruelty. Therefore all rites, customs and traditions of Islam are based on cruelty, making Muslims more cruel than than followers of other religions. For example, the most important religious rite of Islam is to sacrifice a goat on the Id festival wherein the sacrificial goat is tied with a cut on its throat forcing it to take it last breath bleeding from the cut. It takes a long time for the goat to die after the cut on the throat. Only cruel persons can bear and enjoy such a ghastly scene, making them more cruel. This makes Muslims the most violent of religious followers. Intolerance to other religions is also the most intense in Muslims. For this reason, terrorism has also become an occupation of many Muslims.

Poverty to Beggary

Planning Commission of India has officially declared that 37.2 percent of Indian population lives below poverty line (BPL) which was earlier 27.5 percent of the population. This pegs the number of destitute in the country at 410 million, about 100 million more than the previous estimate. This change in BPL population is not only due to dwindling income levels of the poor but also due rise in prices of essential commodities like cereals, pulses, sugar, etc. Based on this revised estimate, a legislation is being planned to give Indian poor a right to state-subsidized food grains and other essential commodities.

Most of the poor people live in Indian villages or have their roots in villages and migrated to urban areas in search of their livelihoods. So, genesis of poverty is condition of Indian villages which have no employment opportunities except farming work which in itself is not better off. So, solution to poverty lies in creating employment opportunities in the villages to provide work to every hand and thereby to enable people to earn their livelihoods. Mahatma Gandhi Employment Guarantee Scheme now in operation in villages is part of corrupt practices India is submerged in all its sectors of governance and administration. It is not a natural means of employment but is artificially created to help the poor and label them as destitute. The right way would have been to encourage cottage industries in the villages which in turn requires development of infrastructural facilities in the rural areas. In many such areas, railway network is missing, roads are muddy and pitted, electricity is scarcely available, and even availability of drinking water is a problem.

In villages, agricultural land is the only source of livelihood which is gradually sliding from cultivators to hands of urban rich people ushering in the old  zameendaree tradition in the country. Poor people of the villages fail to protect themselves from the onslaught of this nasty tradition. This is regularly augmenting number of destitute in the country.

The third problem is that of migration of rural richness to urban areas because anybody getting some education or coming to a level of being resourceful migrates to urban areas because of scarce availability of health and educational services in the villages. If such people are made to stay in the villages, their spending and thinking would be sufficient to satisfy many needs of the poor people.

# Spiraling Disparities

Income is a relative term. Since 15 percent of Indian population is rich enough being in control of government and administration of the country, it has means of exploiting the poor and utilizing it to its best further adding to its richness. In the process, the poor get more poor and their number keeps on swarming.

The rich people, being in control of government and administration, are self-centered and take good care of their own interests. As a result, salaries and allowances of government employees and politicians are revised every now and then siphoning all the national wealth to their pockets. Corruption further augments this siphoning. Comparatively, there are no provisions for revising income levels of the poor people living in rural areas. Today a hard-working rural poor is available for hiring on a wage of Rs 1000 a month, while minimum wage of a government employee comes to Rs 20,000 a month after adding all the conveniences he/she gets for just being on pay-rolls of the government.

This population of rich Indians makes a huge market for luxury goods and so most of the resources of the country are directed towards making lives of rich people more comfortable and luxurious, thereby leaving nothing to take care of the poor people. As a result, prices keep on spiraling and even essential commodities are going out of purchasing power of the poor 85 percent population of the country.

# Official Promotion of Beggary

What all the government does to please the poor people is to launch welfare schemes in the name of benefiting the poor. But the fact remains that all such schemes are aimed at opening more channels of corruption favoring the rich. Provisions of mid-day meals, dresses, books in primary schools run by the government promote a psychology of beggary and inferiority complex in the children while their rich counterparts get education in privately owned public schools.

Social welfare measures such as housing aids, pensions, subsidized food-grains, etc. make the poor to feel that they live at mercies of the government officials and if they accept this fact psychologically, they would continue to be helped and need not to earn their livelihoods. This has lowered productivity of the poor people making them more vulnerable to exploitation through mercies. This has made India a huge ocean of beggars.

Reservations to Select Groups

Division of Indian society on the bases of caste and creed, and sects and religions is age-old, finding no solution. Added to this, is a new division based on reservations to select groups in almost every field of government functioning - education, employment, promotion, so-called democratic elections, etc. aimed at removing the caste disadvantage to the downtrodden sections of the society, such as scheduled and backward castes, women, handicapped, etc. These reservations undermine merit of candidates for education, employment and political positions in governance of the country. This, in turn, adversely affects quality of persons in positions of authority and hence the governance of the country.

Since, it is the reservation which brings non-meritorious to power, they are deepening reservations for themselves in all positions and for all times to come. This has reversed the wheel motion - the meritorious being considered non-meritorious and the advantaged becoming disadvantaged in the country. Bitterness of gulf between the reserved and unreserved categories, on one hand, in Indian society is deepening while on the other gulf between the two reservation categories - scheduled and backward classes, is widening. Added to this compartmentalization of society, gender gap is also widening due to reservation to women in education, employment and political positions.

Initially, it was assumed that reservations to disadvantaged people of the society for a period of 10 years shall be sufficient to bring them at par with the advantaged sections of the society. But the malady is being carried forward for about 60 years now and there appears no end to it. The reservations have badly failed in their intended objective of homogenizing the society, these have extinguished fire of merit in the society. Now, there is no incentive to people to earn merit in the country, except in private employment opportunities.

This is igniting another division of Indian society - government versus private enterprises, the former being dominated by non-meritorious while the meritorious remain limited to private enterprises. Since the government has a regulatory function in operations of private enterprises, the non-meritorious section of the society is regulating the meritorious section of the society to the former's own advantages and disadvantages to the latter.

Even the reservations are not fairly implemented but are subjected to various distortions to the benefit of those in power or their links. Thus, a power group has been formed to suck the blood of downtrodden people of the country in the name of reservations. Most importantly, a mentality of beggars is being promoted by denying them opportunities to earn their livelihood and providing them with free/cheap meals and other amenities of life.

Government in Business

When India became free in 1947, it was dependent on imports for many commodities as the local business was not developed to the desired level. At that, idea of public sector undertakings was mooted to produce goods needed by the country indigenously for economic development and self-sustenance. At that time, it was a commendable step.

Since independence, the economy of the country has changed and private business houses have come to maturity to take up any challenge even internationally. Therefore, there is no need of existence of public sector enterprises now.

Even today, Governments in India, central as well as of states, are involved in many business activities. This is harming interests of people of India in three major ways -

By distracting attention of the governments from their prime functions of health, educational services and justice to the people.

By pumping public resources to business enterprises under government which are mostly losing due to mismanagement.

Government is supposed to regulate business in the country in public interests, but when the government itself is in business, it gets biased in favor of business and ignores public interests

Noted business tycoon of Tata Steel fame once said, "Government has no business to be in business" and he was absolutely right for the above three reasons.

Government is supposed to take care of people's interests in the best possible way with the objective of making the people healthy, educated and happy to make them good citizens of the country. But Indian governments are badly failing in providing good health and educational services to the people, and above all judicial services in the country are totally paralyzed. These deficiencies are making people discontented, unproductive and unpatriotic. Therefore, nobody is concerned about national interests. It is not that people don't want it but because people get too much involved in problems of their survival to spare any time to look after the national interests.

Another harm public sector enterprises are causing to psyche of Indian workforce is through working as model employers and breeding indiscipline in their functional units. Thus, whole workforce in the country gets tuned to indiscipline.

Productivity in all public sector enterprises is very low as compared to that in the private sector enterprises, making most of the former economically losing concerns. To make up these losses, the governments are forced to provide budgetary support to these business enterprises to keep on running. Thus, the governments are supporting non-productivity of employees of the public sector enterprises at cost to the people in general. This leads to feeding a few unproductive persons by snatching provisions meant for people of the whole country.

Due to the governments being in business, and the business houses incurring financial losses regularly due to their low levels of productivity, the governments resorts to increase prices of products of these enterprises to reduce their losses or to make them profitable while the public interests demand to keep a tab on price-rises to alleviate difficulties of the common people. Thus, the governments often work against public interests to cover their misdeeds of being in business.

Section D : Philosophies behind Intellocracy

## Section Contents

What Aspirations Ail Humanity

Human Behavior under Control, Regulation Monitor and Freedom

Tenets of Intellocracy

Improving upon Democracy

Purpose of Human Civilization - Happiness

Real Path of Developing a Nation

What a National Leader should Be

What Aspirations Ail Humanity

Every one of us feels an urge for gains, may be in personal terms like the wealth, fame, family, etc. or in social terms like working for a better society, ecology, scientific and philosophical research, etc. All these aspirations originate from any or many of four sources – needs, wants, wishes and desires.

Needs are those which are essential for disease-free survival like bare minimum food, clothing and shelter. No one can live without these so these must be earned by every one of us. These are enough to provide a healthy body to a person. These may be acquired through unfair means if fair means fail because survival is the most important of all things for every one of us.

Once, the survival is secured, we tend to acquire additional things without which we feel a void or a deficiency in life. These are called our wants. Our foremost want is a relationship through which we procreate. This is an instinctive want but not essential for a healthy survival of the self. Through this, we expand our self beyond our individual life spans.

Our second want is to know things outside our person - the nature and the society. For this, education is essential which may be formal and/or informal. We get informal education from our parents and through observing nature and society. Formal education is acquired through established channels of education like schools, colleges and universities. Basic fulfillment of needs through getting food, clothing and shelter ensures our physical survival only at animal level. But a human being is more than just being an animal, he/she needs development of mental faculties which are essential for getting educated. Mental faculties include two distinctive essential components – thinking and memorizing, apart from some peripheral components like healthy sensory organs.

Fulfillment of needs and wants as outlined above makes a person with healthy body and a sound mind, enough for making the person happy.

Once, we have proper mental faculties, we have our wishes – the greatest being for pleasures. For these, the first and foremost requirement is a strong physique. It is particularly noteworthy here that wish for a strong physique comes after our want of development of mental faculties. For this reason, even a disease-free weak body may have healthy mental faculties.

After acquiring a strong physique, desires raise their heads in the individuals – the principal being for having delicious foods, fashionable clothing and jewelleries, palatial houses and more and more of sexual relationships. Apart from such sexual relationships, other assets are called wealth of the person. Each of these desires may go on increasing endlessly and become reasons of crimes in human societies through which basic rights of other human-being are invaded and endangered by the mighty and powerful curtailing the latter's happiness. These desires are infectious in the sense that by seeing the strong gaining more of their desires fulfilled, even others also start having such desires leading to more of crimes and chaos in the society.

Even a possibility of such crimes and chaos generates feeling of insecurity in individuals in the society curtailing their happiness. This curtailment of happiness produces another want of feeling safe. For this feeling of safety, almost all human societies have developed their own individual law and justice machineries.

This treatise clarifies one point that acquisition of physical strength beyond a healthy body and mind even in some individuals in a society is counter-productive for humanity or is anti-human and incurs wastage of wealth on keeping law and justice machinery by the society. This also points out that even games and sports in civilized societies are counter-productive wasting a lot of wealth and its concentration.

Human Behavior under Control, Regulation, Monitor and Freedom

Management is nothing but getting the most out of available manpower. This however depends on knowledge of the manager about human behavior under different circumstances. I have been studying this subject for many years and experimented on it. As a result, I have selected the four most influencing circumstances as far as management of human behavior is concerned. These circumstances are four degrees of freedom given to a person through exercising control, regulation, monitor on the person and providing him/her full freedom.

When the person is given step by step guidelines to be followed, he/she is said to be under control. A person is said to be under regulation when he/she is provided parameters within which he/she is required to conduct himself/herself, while monitoring a person involves just keeping a watch on his/her conduct and guide him/her if found to be going astray. And finally, none of these is exercised, the person is said to be under full freedom.

# Under Control

With respect to control, persons may be broadly categorized as of slave and free mentalities and the two behave in two opposing ways under control. Persons with slave mentality badly need control to perform without which they behave in irresponsible ways. Such persons avoid taking responsibilities and don't even exercise their rights. They behave just like cattle tending to stay with crowds since they don't have their own views and opinions on any matter.

Persons with free mentality feel undue stress if put under control, thereby their performance is adversely affected. For freedom, they want to have, they compensate by taking and owning responsibilities. Such persons are very conscious about their rights being infringed.

These are two extremities but in practice very few persons are of any of these categories and mostly fall in between with varying degrees of the two mentalities. The manager is required to assess individual's mentality degree and put control on him/her accordingly.

# Under Regulation

For an average person, the best management practice is to provide regulatory measures in advance and within those parameters, let the subordinates decide and perform freely. This can be done without hurting any individual since te regulatory parameters are uniformly applied on all subordinates. This provision takes care of subordinates' rights and responsibilities within the specified parameters.

# Under Monitor

Persons of high intellectual attributes and creativity must be put under monitoring to get the best out of them. Their temperaments often explode on even a smell of control or regulation on themselves. These are the most sensitive and also the most valuable assets of an organization and need be dealt very carefully.

# Under Full Freedom

In business organizations, full freedom to anybody proves disastrous and so is strictly prohibited. This is impracticable also. With full freedom, majority of persons tend to behave in irresponsible ways sooner or later.

Tenets of Intellocracy

Intellocracy is not merely a strategy for capturing and retaining ruling power - like theplutarchy and present democracies, nor mere an economy strategy - like the half-baked communism, nor a mere social transformation as tried by many social reformers, it is a philosophical approach covering all the three aspects of modern humanity - the governance, the economy and the society - all three interacting and influencing each other.

# Philosophy of Realism

Intellocracy is a lesson from our past glorious people that we must strive for the best irrespective of what is in current practice. Betterment is revolutionary theme not pursuable by routine practitioners. Intellocracy aims at active and conscious involvement of intellectuals in governance and other affairs of the nation. It is a philosophy of living in the present, not sacrificing the present for the future, or not overshadowing it by the past.

# Cooperation and Competition

Very purpose of social organism of human beings is cooperation among themselves, may be trough distribution of labor for producing needed commodities, or for helping those in distress. This genesis of sociology is forgotten by modern societies, while entering into competitions - inter-personal, inter-regional, or inter-national. This is said to be causing faster development which is, of course true in a limited sense only. This causes faster development of one unit at the cost of the other. So, overall gain of humanity is null and there are always some losses in the process. Moreover, competition produces negative feelings about each other.

# Positivism and Negativism

Humanity is made cowardice by vested interests - the champions of positivism in thinking and behavior, with whatever falsehood there may be. This has been producing a lot of hysteresis in thinking of people, reflected by their lack of fresh thinking and a permanence of opposition to changes. And if there is some amount of freshness leftover in the society, it is suppressed by coatings of falsehood of civilized behavior. Positivism, and not the realism, has been declared as a sign of civility.

Human-beings are a balanced lot by nature and by their evolution, having favorites and dis-favorites, friends and foes, truthfulness and falsehood, honest and dishonest. Even these parameters are themselves not absolute but are subjective as well as circumstantial. Humanity by being isolated from realism of existence of positivity and negativity, is doing a disservice to itself, leading itself to higher levels of falsehoods.

Somebody in the unknown past told us to to be unreal in or thinking and practices, with a rider that this is civilized behavior. We accepted it without a critical scrutiny. Since nobody wants to be declared uncivilized, the reality of existence of negativism is kept suppressed.

Intellocracy's most humanistic advice to humanity of future is to be real, to be natural, and to be balanced, without any attempts of suppression of the natural reflexes. Negativism is not bad, it is as good as positivism, since nobody has a right to declare anything positive or negative under all circumstances.

# Equality

Democracy is based on an ideal situation of equality of all members of a society. But in reality, all humans are not and can not be made equal. Even two in the neighborhood are not equal because of their different backgrounds and circumstances. Intellocracy recognizes this differentiation in individuals and give respectable values to all.

See for example, your own family. On important matters, you take into confidence your most intelligent, matured, educated and experienced child ignoring all others because you know all are not equal in age, education, etc. and hence are not equally fit to be considered even in the family matters. Similarly, in national matters, one has to be selective ad discretionary. In none of our real-life practices, we prove to be a democrat, we always consider merit of individuals for different purposes.

# Majority and Minority

Minority and majority are generally treated on basis of religious leanings of individuals. Intellocracy gives a new dimension to treatment of religious minorities and majorities, by shifting religious leaning of an individual from social arena to personal arena - where no social restrains are applicable on the individual. this, on one hand, gives total freedom of religious leanings and practices to every individual, on the other hand, it relieves the society from its division on religion basis. Thus, there shall be no minority or majority under Intellocracy.

Improving upon Democracy

The concept of democracy was first given by Democritus, an Acropol philosopher in Greece about 2,400 years ago and it was implemented in the city state known as Acropolis, now known as Athens. It was the most developed human society on Earth at that time. All the citizens of Acropolis were prosperous and educated and most of them were philosophers. At that time, all intellectual pursuits were known as philosophies. Plato had his Academy at Acropolis but was secretly working against the city state.

The democratic system worked well until Phillips, Alexander's father, attacked Acropolis and chased them out. Leading Acropol Socrates was captured and was made to drink poison to die. Aristotle, a disciple of Plato and guide of Alexander in his attack on India, was the greatest critic of Democritus and his concept of democracy. On capturing power, through Phillips, he ordered to destroy all works of Democritus. Today, we have nothing from Democritus except some of his quotations.

In modern times, Democracy is considered to be the best system of governance for the free countries, and has been adopted by most of the countries on getting their freedom. It is because we do not have a better system yet. Countries having circumstances similar to those of Acropolis, are doing well with democratic system of governance.

For applying democracy in a country, certain basic things are necessary. The most important of these are education and capability of independent decision of all the constituents of the country. With these qualifications only, the constituents can elect a good leader to govern the country. Unfortunately, most of the countries of the world, who have adopted democracy, do not have these basic qualifications. In such countries, democracy is not yielding desired results.

For getting educated and being capable of independent decision, people must be economically independent. In countries where prosperity is limited to a few, all citizens may get good education only when the state provides for free and uniform educational facilities up to the highest level. This condition is not being fulfilled by any of the democratic countries today. Their all citizens are not even literate, what to talk of properly educated. Poverty of the people is main factor of this illiteracy.

The second requirement of capability of independent decision of all the citizens has direct link to their individual prosperity. Vote of a needy, hungry person can easily be bought by incapable but rich person to get elected to power to govern. This leads to a direct failure of democracy. This concludes that poverty is a challenge to democracy.

For countries not fit for democracy, solution lies in modifying the democratic concept by adding to it an element of intellectual capability of the citizens for evaluation of their individual voting power. This modified system is called 'Intellectual Democracy' or Intellocracy.

Intellocracy is not against voting power to all people but for first making them capable of voting and then allowing them to vote. This is proposed to be done by providing free and uniform health services to all, free and uniform opportunities for getting education to all, and free, fair and speedy justice to all. These three provisions will improve the lives of people making them capable of understanding the value of their votes. Until then, a truncated democracy only can improve the lot of the people in poor countries having huge economic disparities. Today, India as well as USA are good candidates for improving their democracies.

# Discipline : The Most Humane Attribute

Discipline is a self-imposed restrain on oneself chosen by humanity when it decided to stay put at fixed places along water streams about 2,500 years back in socially cohesive groups. Without this restrain, humanity is as wild as wild animals who believe in snatching things from others for gaining individually. Even in those days, many races chose to remain wild and wandering and depending on snatching from others whenever and howsoever possible. Might was the only right for them. As compared to these wild races, those who decided to settle down were less violent and believed in thinking in terms of morality before every action of theirs. This tendency of intellectualism made them physically weaker than those of the wild races. The latter used to take advantage of it in looting whatever the former used to accumulate for their lean periods. This trend continues even today to a lesser extent than that in those days.

Discipline is respecting rights of other persons just like those of the self, thus discipline has a social angle in all its considerations and implementations. For this reason, discipline is also termed as social-discipline. It guides a person on how to move with others without arousing mutual dis-pleasures or disharmony. For this, all others are put in two classes - those considered to be on the right path in their conducts and those with illicit conducts. The social discipline covers both the classes to deal harmoniously with those on the right path, and to oppose those with nefarious dealings. This requires the person to be judicious about others and to have courage to oppose the culprits. Since this courage is lacking in most of the persons, the present social norm has been to keep off with those with doubtful conducts. This has encouraged the evil-doers to go on moving on their misconducts without any check by the society itself.

Social discipline puts the responsibility of keeping the whole society on the right track on shoulders of each adult person for doing his/her best in three prong strategy -

To be on the right moral path by him/herself,

To oppose all those not on the right path in order to bring them back on the right path, and

To guide the children - as future citizens under formation, to get the right education, training and inspiration

These duties are designed for taking care that the human society shall always be on the right path in its march of civilization against time. Let us do so.

# Beyond Food, Clothing and Shelter

When people of a country are in crisis and their survival is at stake, their demands are often limited to food, clothing and shelter. Democracies of the world have failed to provide even these basic needs of survival by not providing enough of earning opportunities to every one to earn for a living.

Intellocracy guarantees each of these to every citizen through creating earning opportunities to everyone in the country. The land for making a shelter is made freely available to every family unit without a right of its ownership. Apart from these basic needs of survival, Intellocracy also takes care of providing free services to everyone at par in the fields of health, education and justice to ensure national prosperity and happiness on every face.

Further, Intellocracy ensures uniform development of all villages and their inter-connectivity with roads and rails. To do this, Intellocracy is opposed to large-scale urbanization of the country and favors mass-scale ruralization with small urban centers of population not more than 25,000 in between the clusters of villages. These townships shall be the commercial centers of the country.

Electricity and communication facilities are considered essential for modern human life under Intellocracy. So, these are also provided up to the village level to ensure that people are not inconvenienced by living in villages. All governmental services shall be available to the villagers at the village itself through government staff posted in the villages. No citizen shall be required to visit any higher level government office for getting the government services.

# Social Welfare to Human Productivity

In developing countries, like India, governments spend a huge amount of public money on social welfare schemes to uplift conditions of the poor sections of the society. Under such schemes, free or subsidized food-grains, free land and money for housing, pensions, free books, clothing and meals to students, etc are being provided on selective bases. The experience of the last 65 years of free India prove that all such efforts have gone in vain, and no improvement in the lot of the poor is noticeable. There are two major flaws of such social welfare schemes.

## Official Corruption

The beneficiaries of welfare schemes are mostly poor and illiterate people having no voice of opposing their exploitation through corrupt practices of government officials and the middlemen working between the beneficiaries and the officials. For this reason, very little of the declared benefits reach the real beneficiaries with most of it reaching the pockets of official hierarchy and the middlemen. This limits the impact of such schemes.

Due to this official corruption, a lot of non-deserving people get the benefits by bribing the officials and the middlemen. Since, such beneficiaries get the benefits without deserving, these never bother for the quantum of the benefits reaching them, and so never question the cuts imposed by the officials and the middlemen. This further decreases the benefits reaching the real targeted beneficiaries.

## Mentality of Beggary

The poor people on getting something free from the government develop a mentality of beggars - always expecting something free from the government. This provides them a reason to remain poor forever, lest they lose the benefits arriving them from the government. This thinking of remaining poor for ever lowers their productivity and most of them refuse to work as labor in the fields of agriculture and industries. Instead, they prefer to use their time in idling and gambling.

These perpetually poor people also develop in their minds a lust for free unlimited gains from the government. I have noticed people asking for money for another house while they have a house constructed from government assistance. Many poor people who had been given land for housing and other purposes, sell such pieces of land to others and again stand in queues of landless to claim another piece of land for selling it again.

Thus, poverty under welfare regime has become perpetual refusing all solutions under the present regimens of social welfare schemes.

For these reasons, Intellocracy is in favor of wiping off all such welfare schemes for the poor, except those for handicapped and aged persons of the society. Instead, the Intellocracy is all set for providing opportunities for every citizen to earn his/her living through working hard. For the aged, there shall be honorable and same amount of pension for each person which shall include all past employees of the government also. Therefore, no government employee shall be provided any pension for his/her working with the government.

# Disciplining the Wild

Human civilization means an order as compared to nature which is more or less wild. Early humans were also wild but some of them became intelligent and worked to develop a civilization, or putting things in order. Some races remained wild even when the others were devoted to civilized developments. These two classes of people used to have confrontations whenever their respective populations grew beyond manageable limits with local resources. The civilized class used to move some of the population to uninhabited places while the wild used to occupy habitats of the civilized class.

Both of the characteristics - the civilized and the wild, exist even today within individual persons and classes. Therefore, the confrontations of the two are inevitable. Civilized people have, in the mean time, evolved law and order machineries in their societies, often called the nations. The wild people or at least the characteristic of wildness also exist within these nations intermixed with the civilized people and their characteristics. This makes it necessary that the law and order machinery remains always alert and active.

Punishment is the only effective way of taming the wild, through physical elimination - temporarily or permanently, and creating fear in the minds in advance. Some civilized people suggest psychological reforms of the wild minds to keep them under tab. With punishment, not only humans but even wild animals are made to behave in civilized manners under fear psychosis. Thus, provision of punishment is an essential evil of the civilized societies.

Over time, number of wild people and races has been decreasing through provisions of education. Up to a limited extent, love and sympathy for the wild also plays part in turning them civilized. In-spite of these factors in action, crimes in human societies are not decreasing. This indicates that even some apparently civilized persons have characteristics of wildness which spring up into action while a crime is being committed.

Historically as well in modern context, it is evident that wildness evolves from complete freedom through its misuse by the person. Therefore, complete freedom works against evolution of human civilization. Since the word 'freedom' connotes 'complete freedom', this word must be eliminated from the civilized word. In its place, liberty is the right word which includes social disciplinary tabs on freedom.

# No Right to Association

Intellocracy strongly disfavors right to association of people on the basis of their faiths, beliefs or common interests because right to association causes loss of individualism in the society and the associations enforce monopolies in their respective fields.

When some persons come to a common platform, every one of them loses his/her own right to have personal opinion on the subject matter but has to adhere to the common view. This, in long run, subverts individuality of the persons who cultivate a habit of remaining with the crowd for safety. Such persons are psychologically sick persons as far as humanism is concerned. The whole society formed of such persons is also a sick society, causing multiple problems for humanity. In such societies, no one takes an initiative to solve a problem but every one looks for others to take initiative in the matter. This results in to problems after problems in the society.

Right to association in democratic countries has resulted in to formation of trade unions, business associations, religious organizations, regional alliances, etc. Each one of such association establishes its own monopoly harming social harmony and fairness. For example, trade unions exploit employers and hamper productivity, business associations establish monopoly of the association member's products/services, religious organizations fight with followers of other religions and disturb social harmony, and regional alliances fight for development of their own regions ignoring all others.

With these factors in mind, Intellocracy provides no right to association to citizens, but in turn is geared to lend its ears to problems of every individual and the society as a whole.

Purpose of Human Civilization - Happiness

Humans have move on a long journey of civilization that has made them different from other species of life in the Universe. Here, I try to trace the very purpose of human civilization and the way we have been on this journey.

If we investigate what we have been doing as the most civilized creatures, we find that we have been studying the Nature - its principles and its wild nature - through natural sciences. We further find that the Nature is violent to its creatures endangering their survival in many ways - stormy and wildly fluctuating weathers, scarce food items leading to competitive struggles amongst creatures, preying of weak by the strong mostly for feeding oneself, overpopulation through procreation at each possibility, etc. Further, we have been trying to improve chances of survival, particularly for the humanity.

Naturally, the conditions are not fit for survival of all those taking birth and we are, in most of the cases, unable to alter the natural conditions to make them more pro-survival. What we have been doing is protecting the life from the furious Nature through artificial means. A small example comes to my mind - we can't change thorny and rocky ground injurious to our feet while walking but we have devised shoes to cover our feet from getting injured.

Over the time, humans have become more sensitive to adversaries and more sensible to deal with these. We feel pains and sorrows in higher proportions as compared to other species of life and, as such, we try to minimize these through devising ways and means of protections to life. We see death as the greatest sorrow to dear ones of the deceased. So, we try to minimize casualties with a two-pronged strategy - reducing number births and protecting those taking birth.

Over the time, we feel pleasures of life more intensely than other species of life and, as such, keep on trying to preserve and extend these. Sexual intercourse between a compatible male-female couple had been the greatest instinctive pleasure of life, and is still felt to be the greatest intuitive pleasure of life. In Nature, this was allowed for procreation only and was expected to be a cause of procreation. We have hammered it down both the ways - we have sexual intercourse without the objective of procreation and just for pleasure of it without the end-result of procreation. This decreased possibilities of births and increased possibilities of pleasures of it. As a result, human population was brought under control, needing less of deaths due to fierce competitions for survival and hence resulting less of sorrows due to these. Further, we invented medicines to prolong life and cure diseases.

All other sciences have been developed as subsidiaries to natural sciences to enhance pleasures of human life through understanding their causes and creating conditions congenial to these. Accumulation and continuation of pleasures is termed as 'happiness'. I put 'development of sciences' under head of 'intellectualism' as the basic means of meeting our basic objective of 'human happiness'. And this I consider as the basic purpose of human civilization.

# Regimes of Human Civilization and Nature

There is enough noise in the media about making human lifestyle natural without any realization by the so-called experts that the two regimes of human civilization and Nature are quite distinct and mostly incompatible to each other.

The Nature is wild by nature and it is so categorized by the human civilization, just opposite to 'civilized'. The civilized life of humanity has come forward a long way through education, clothing and housing wherein it is no more capable of tolerating the wildness of the Nature, such as the freezing cold to scorching hot environments at different times and places on the globe inhabiting the humanity.

What is conveniently forgotten by the experts that it is the non-interference of humans in the regime of Nature that is the most wanted and need be stressed. This regime of Nature governs processes of the Nature such as planetary movements, climatic changes, etc. Human life, though had been dependent on these processes to a great extent in the historical past of humanity, is now considerably isolated from these processes. For example, air-conditioning of buildings keeps the humans residing in the buildings quite ignorant about furies of climatic changes and temperature variations of the Nature. Housing and clothing facilities available to humanity protects it from natural wildness to a great extent.

Humanity is moving fast towards making its life quite independent of Nature through developing defensive mechanisms and it is not undesirable in any way as it has no ill-effects on the natural processes. What is objectionable is when the humanity becomes offensive to the Nature and its processes. Global warming through rapid industrialization, genetic modifications to processes of procreations, milking cattle through injecting oxytoxins in the cattle bodies, etc. are such offences of humanity against the Nature for which the Nature retaliates fiercely against humanity imperiling its healthy existence. It is such activities of humans, the media must focus to keep the nature of the Nature intact.

Great achievements of human civilization are development of languages as media of communications, scientifically understanding the nature of the Nature, development of fast modes of travel and transport, psychological understanding of human mind and brain, restricting growth of human population yet keep on enjoying pleasures of sex, understanding diseases and their cures,etc. in which the Nature interferes very little.

# Coexistence

What is desirable at this stage of time is respecting boundaries of Nature by the humanity for mutual coexistence of the two regimes of human civilization and that of the Nature. The Nature is doing that for humanity and when it seems to be interfering in human existence it is doing so in retaliation of misconduct of humanity from which the humanity must get lessons for its future plans of developing human civilization.

Recently in Haiti, a huge human population was devastated by a natural fury and it must be studied where the humans erred in its development processes and invaded the Nature. In my opinion, it is the rapid and mass-scale concretization of earth and concentration of human population at a place in urbanization process of humanity that were retaliated by the Nature. The earth-quakes are imperative to remodel the Earth's structure as an evolutionary process of the Nature while the humanity erred in assuming the Nature to be static.

Annual floods wash out large populations in many Asian regions which appears to be an interference of Nature in development of human civilization, while it only a retaliation of the Nature of human blockages of water cycles of the Nature without which the humanity can not survive.

# Exploitation

The humanity is grossly erring in its thinking of exploiting the Nature for human welfare which very often results in retaliations by the Nature. Indeed, if humanity is to proceed rightly on its path of keep on developing its civilization, it must delete the word 'exploitation' from its dictionaries, as it causing not only Nature=humanity clashes but also inter-personal clashes within humanity. For example, when the management Gurus of the world say 'exploiting an opportunity' they grossly err and must change their thinking to 'utilizing an opportunity'.

# Balancing with Nature

In our blind race for rapid development, we have pushed the Nature to a level where the Nature is bouncing back and crushing us. Humanity was born naked in the lap of mother Nature, felt comfortable for a long time and then progressed so much that the Nature has become intolerable to humanity. Now, most of the humans can not survive in hot and cold waves of Nature without artificial coverings of clothing and shelter around their bodies, while all other species of life on earth are comfortably surviving naturally. It is because we have developed too much of comforts and conveniences for us to live and have become habitual of their usages.

Human culture that came into being about 200 years back was that of growth for solving all human problems. For this economy of mass-scale production was the answer. Economies of mass scale production added two elements - local economies became insignificant as compared to global economy, and secondly, individual growths were nullified for organized growths. Both of these created a situation where economic exploitation of majority of humanity by a minority became easy. This made the minority stronger than the majority of human population in all aspects of life, creating conditions for easier exploitation. As a result, majority of the humanity reached a state of non-returnable miseries. Exploitation of others for personal growth became a human habit on Earth. Thus, the growth theory did not solve problems of masses but those of a few.

Human ways of growth concentrated on higher production and lost touch with quality aspects of production. I remember my childhood days about 50 years back, when the wheat production used to be hardly 5-6 quintal in an acre of land but the taste of that wheat was lovely. Now with modern techniques in agriculture, wheat production has gone up by 5 times and the taste is diminished in the same ratio. Present wheat contains high doses of urea and insecticides in it, which we are consuming with our normal food.

Nature has two aspects of variations - spatial and temporal. Due to spatial variations, life has to be adaptive to local conditions of existence under temporal temperature variations in a cyclic way. This was so until about 300 years back from now when we decided to grow our comforts and economies. Economic growth and making life independent of natural discomforts worked hand in hand. In this process, we lost balance with Nature, and the Nature started punishing humanity with unprecedented diseases. This inter-relates economic growth, comforts and diseases.

Economic growth, comforts and diseases get related in two ways. Firstly, due to comforts, human body's tolerance diminished making it prone to attack of diseases. Secondly, economic growth made nature fierce through ecological damages. This gave birth to new species of microbes unknown to humanity before, and hence the new diseases.

For reestablishing balance with Nature, we have to reverse all the growth process discussed above. Result-wise, we need to make human society exploitation-free, make our lifestyles close to Nature as far as possible.

# Human Victory over Nature

Nature has a vary evident principle - 'procreate enough to ensure survival of some'. This principle is applied in procreation by all wild species of life. Many insects procreate in thousands and a lot of them die at different stages of their growth due to their non-adaptability to circumstances or due to their victimization by other species of life on earth.

This question came to my mind through my observing wild cats and kittens inhabiting my garden for a long time. They principally feed on birds, rats and other species of life residing in the garden, and in turn are being hunted by stray dogs every now and then. Recently, an old cat lost all her kittens and ultimately she was also killed. A new cat came in giving birth to three kittens about 15 days ago and out of them one is already missing. Today also, there was a fierce attack on the cat and the two kittens which they survived. This cat kills one or two birds daily for her food. All this displayed that survival rate of wild life is very low as compared to modern humanity.

Even number of sperms used for a single procreation process are in millions to ensure that at least one succeeds in the adventure. This also follows the above-said principle of nature.

It is also observed that lower the caliber of a species of life, more is the number of procreated lives, and higher is their mortality rate. This inter-relates caliber, procreated and the mortality. Thus, species of life on earth may be put into an order of their respective calibers by judging on their respective number of procreated lives, and this shall grade them according to their mortality rates. But this gradation is applicable to sub-human species of life only.

Human intellect has made this species of life civilized, controlling both the birth and the mortality rates. This is definitely a victory of humans over nature and its above-said principle of procreation. What inspired humans to do so?

Mortuary is definitely a cause of sorrows in the family of its occurrence, and humans did not want such sorrows on themselves. So they worked hard to diminish mortality rate of humans. This would have caused over-population of humans on the earth, so they controlled their birth-rate also. This is a miracle of human intellect which is not displayed by any other species of life.

Real Path of Developing a Nation

Growth in GDP is definitely not the right criterion for measuring development of a nation. In-stead, the criteria include -

Sustainability of development,

Overall happiness of the people

Indeed, these two sectors are not two exclusive aspects of development but prove to be two names of the same processes of development, meaning thereby that sustainable development induces happiness on the faces of people instead of exploiting them for developing some specific areas or communities.

A development is said to be sustainable if the process is everlasting without producing harmful effects on the people and the ecology. Further, a sustainable development works as a catalyst of more of developmental activities. Some aspects of such developments are health and educational services to the people, providing employment opportunities to people at their normal places of residence, promotion of dependence on locally available means and resources, promoting public utilities like transport, electricity, etc. instead of private vehicles and electricity generators, reducing economic and social disparities in the people, and most importantly, promoting a crime-free society through a responsive and functional judiciary in the nation.

Good health is the most important asset of not only a person but that of a nation also. Good health of people in general works like a two-edged sword and means more of productivity and less of expenses on treating diseases, both adding to economic prosperity of the nation. No individual shall fall sick in a healthy society and environment So, sickness is always externally caused and its responsibility must also be born by an external agency - the government of the nation. Why an individual be punished by sorrows of sickness if it has been inflicted on him/her externally?

Education converts population of a country in to a productive asset of the nation, apart from being gainful to the individual and his/her family. Its decay in quantity and quality, or absence of it, makes the population a burden on the nation's economy in the form of unproductive generations. An unproductive generation has no employment potential even if opportunities are available. Even people in present miseries find happiness if they have feelings of a brighter tomorrow. For this, they need a good educational opportunities to their future generations.

Every person needs food, clothes and shelter for survival. If the people of a nation find no opportunities to work or have low productivity, they prove to be an unbearable burden on the nation's economy. So, it is imperative for the government of the country to utilize her human resource in an optimal way. Migration of people in search of employment opportunities disintegrates their familial ties and hence the society, and puts economic burdens on them. While providing employment opportunities at normal places of residences of people means developing the whole area of the nation, developing a few urban centers at the cost of disintegrating rural societies, thus, proves to be counter-productive for the country.

Imports and exports may be beneficial to a nation's economy under certain limited parameters, these prove to be detrimental to development of local resources and hence the people in multiple ways, such as creating a local deficiency for promoting exports, or hampering local productivity and economy through imports. The best option is to make people and economic activities fully compatible to each other, not only at national level but also at regional levels if the country is big enough involving huge transport costs.

Promotion of public services in the fields of transport, electricity, etc. provides benefits of economy of scale, apart from reducing chances of global warming through burning of more of fossil fuels in individual means of transport and generation of electricity.

Exploitation of some persons by others makes the former to feel the most miserable and helpless. This, in turn, is caused by economic and social disparities in a country or a society. Uniform development of the country minimizes economic disparities and hence exploitations, which may further be improved upon through homogenizing society. Since, social disparities have been historically seeded by religions and sects, these could be eliminated by disbanding religions and sects in the society, or at least public displays of these, through legal provisions.

And lastly, people need to feel safe to be happy. This is possible through elimination of crimes from the society which, in turn, needs a vibrant judiciary in the country providing free and speedy justice to the people in misery. history of humanity evidences that criminals hardly get reformed, they need be forced to amend through severe punishments and eliminated trough death penalties.

# Gross National Happiness

Prime objective of Intellocracy is Gross National Happiness (GNH) which is to be the ultimate measure of national wealth. Mere physical wealth of a nation, in terms of gross national product, gross domestic product, per capita income, etc., have little contribution to national happiness if the distribution of wealth is not equitable amongst the people. In national happiness, two tings - quality of life of an average person, and minimization of disparity between the richest and the poorest - do matter. In essence, happiness of the poorest is an indicator of national happiness.

Apart from economy, other factors of national happiness are health, education and justice available to the poorest in the nation. These services must be available to all uniformly and freely. This will cause equitable distribution of wealth amongst the people.

GNH, as a superset of GNP, is based on material as well as non-material progress of a nation, the most important aspect being harmonization of inter-human relationships in the society along with harmonizing general lifestyle with Nature. For achieving this, the poor need not be provided with charities and donations but provided with better opportunities to earn.

Another important factor for enhancing GNH is socially responsive investment by the corporate sector, that means putting more and more money in projects which spread happiness in the society. Some such measures are ecologically sustainable practices and profit-sharing with employees.

## Taking Care of National Happiness

Happiness is a state of mind which is picked in from the circumstances a person lives in. Richness is its one factor but neither it is sufficient nor is a necessary condition. The person looks at himself/herself as compared to all around him and makes up his/her mind whether he/she is happy or not. Many hungry persons could pass their time together happily without feeling aggrieved by their hungry bellies, but a well-fed person shall feel miserable in company of others having more wealth and luxuries for themselves. So, happiness of a person, in general, is a comparative state of mind and has no absolute parameters.

A nation is a combination of its citizens and their gross happiness is the happiness of the nation. For a nation to be happy, the first and foremost criterion is the minimum level of disparities among her citizens. This factor is not merely psychological, but has physical dimensions also. Disparities in wealth and other physical aspects of life, provide power of exploiting others to the strong making them more and more strong day-by-day and further strengthening their power to exploit others.

Disparities and exploitations are natural and so can not be totally eliminated from a society. Neither, the tendency of strong to exploit the weak can be finished but certainly, it may be subdued through proper education and putting restrains on psychology of exploitation. This is where humans may be made different from other species of life on the Earth.

The exploitations can only be effectively minimized through providing strength to the weak to resist their exploitations by the strong, thus bringing them to be at par or close to the strong . This may look like promoting social conflicts in the society and is more or less true until the strong realize that their tendency to exploit shall be effectively opposed. This mechanism establishes a balance of strengths between the strong and the weak components of a society. This balance generates a sense of happiness in the society and hence the nation.

I have a close friend who is very rich as compared to me. He always remains busy in augmenting his richness while I have made up my mind to feel that I already have enough to be happy and need not to worry for higher level of richness. Once, I asked my friend why he remains so much worried with all that what he already possesses. His reply was educational on the topic of happiness, I am dealing with, here. He said, "Sense of insecurity makes me worried. I have put everything of mine at stake through investments, and if don't remain alert, all will get finished within no time. My worries are for safeguarding my investments which, of course, keep on adding to my wealth".

All of us are tied with each other through investments of our resources in a system, and everyone of us is trying to extract maximum from the system to be happier. This extraction may be of wealth, emotions, feelings or mere psychological satisfaction. In the process, some of us are more successful than the rest, leading to disparities in the society. So, it is the societal or national system which need be so designed so that individual extractions from the system remain balanced. This shall allow minimal disparities and hence the mutual exploitations in the society.

Modern societies, under controls of the strong, have devised two ways of promoting mutual exploitations in the society - urbanization and unionization. Urbanization, through economies of scales, provides power of exploiting the rural people who are miserable in economies of scale.

Wealth of a nation basically created in villages through agriculture and other related activities is pulled to cities through industrial and commercial enterprising. Industries do not create wealth but process it for better presentations to the people and call this process as value-addition to the raw products. Commerce, without adding to wealth, merely distributes the goods from the production centers to the consumers.So, these two processes of urban culture are unproductive of wealth but still are essential to the social organism. Through these processes, rural wealth keep on flowing to urban centers creating wide disparities between rural and urban people.

A better alternative to mass-scale urbanization is to put up industrial units in rural areas, and to make small towns in between clusters of villages as commercial centers. This shall not provide benefits of economies of scale but certainly reduce disparities and create happiness on the faces of people in general. Growth rate may be slow in this process, but the level of overall happiness shall be much higher than that under mass-scale urbanization.

Another aspect of mass-scale economies of urbanization is mass-scale destruction of life and properties due to natural calamities and spread of infectious diseases. These generate senses of insecurities in the minds of people making them miserable in-spite of accumulation of a lot of wealth.

Unionization on the basis of common interests is a cunning process of exploiting those who are not organized and physically scattered over large areas of land. This also is a product of economies of scale of urbanization process and prospering on exploitations. In simple terms, it is nothing but gangsterism and opposed to individualism - a human asset of great value.

Ultimately, we have to decide whether we, as a nation, want to have higher GDP growth and gross wealth of the nation at the cost of miseries to common people of the country, or an overall happiness of the people. Processes of exploitations and happiness take us in mutually opposing directions.

# Expanse of Human Endeavor

While the nature makes everything to fall to the ground, flying up is still possible. Rains fall naturally as a part of global water cycle, but still we made rains possible artificially. Speaking to a person naturally is possible when the other is close-by, but the telecommunication revolution has brought everybody within speakable range. Whole of humanity knows only the facts, but human trickery invented lies and thus say what is non-existent. All these things show that human intellect is not bound by limitations of nature and thus may go up to any extent, event to the realm of impossible. Or, in other words, there is nothing impossible for human mind. It remains only a matter of time.

What it is all about? It is a matter of self-actualization of an individual which gets projected to the outside world of his/her individuality. This is what we call as 'progress'. Humanity remained bound by natural processes for a long time in human history. Now we know no limits. Breadth and depth of human potential is beyond anticipation by anybody.

Every human endeavor begins with an idea. For a manifestation of extraordinary nature, the idea itself speaks of it. Mere imagination of manifestation makes the person crazy. Converting an idea-extraordinary into its practical result, one needs to use his/her passion for making a positive difference. We have multiple sets of information stored in our memories, viz. visual, audio, smell, taste, softness and temperature. Elements of these information sets combine in a variety of ways to create knowledge, such as a fruit of yellow color, elongated round shape, with a peel outside, a hard shelled kernel inside, and sweet tasting yellow pulp in between the peel and the kernel is called a mango. Now create an idea of some fruit of a new variety, we need to recombine these sets in non-conventional ways by taking a different color, shape, size, taste, etc. and then covert the idea into practice. This is what is generally known as an innovation. In making such varied permutation and combination of pieces of information in newer ways, we make use of our intellect.

This unbounded human potential has both negative and positive influences on humanity itself. Crimes which were impossible at one time, are now easily feasible. What matters is the tendency of an individual whether he/she intends to play constructive or destructive role in the march of humanity for a better tomorrow. Many times, people take damaging actions in-spite of their best intentions of playing positive roles. Present crisis of ecology is the result such well-intentioned wrong actions of many of us.

Ecology of earth is damaged because we have been invading nature with the intention of human welfare but it has proved counter-productive. To reverse this trend, we have to relearn our lessons to live with nature - without invading it and without damaging it, but just making use of its provisions.

# Tryst with Reality

No social scientist can afford to lose sight of social realities if he/she intends to do something to transform the society. Intellocracy is such a process for which reality of psyche of the people can't be ignored. Foreign rules for pretty long durations on most of the humanity on globe have paralyzed psyche of the common people due to which they tend to surrender to their fate under control of somebody above - be it God or a ruler. Under this influence, even children are repeatedly told stories of kings and queens as fantastic characters capable of deciding everything for the common people. For this reason, bitter reality of human societies is that people have accepted that decision-making arena is not theirs but of somebody else - stronger and more capable than them.

This social reality is taken advantage of by ruling people behaving as blood-suckers of poor people by taking away their daily breads for luxuries of their dogs and other pets. Even this is acceptable by the people as an act of somebody stronger deciding their fates.

With fresh experiences of present generations with their democratic setups and their discontentment with the ruling system, have created sufficient space within their minds for an alternative, provided the new system appears to them stronger and more capable for taking decisions regarding their future. This is very relevant to make a transition from democracy to Intellocracy.

Common people have a sub-conscious predisposition to look up to and accept a strong leader which develops in them a tendency to submit to an idealized omnipotent figure both in their inner world of fantasy and outer world of making a living. Their life-long dream remains for someone - a charismatic leader or a guru, to become their mentor to establish intimacy and authority to their individual lives.

# Individual and Social Lives

Intellocracy differentiates between individual and social lives of its constituents and gives due importance to each without harming one to benefit the other and without promoting one at the cost of the other. For Intellocracy, individuality of a person is as important as society of persons. These two aspects of life are considered as two distinct entities.

Individually, every citizen is entitled for for full freedom but within the boundary walls of his/her residence. He/she can follow any religion or sect or may worship in any way he/she likes. The state shall have no interference with personal lives of its people, unless asked for by any member of the family. However, this freedom is curtailed when the individual moves from personal life to society.

Socially, every citizen has to be disciplined in accordance with social norms set by the state. The most important of these norms is display of religious faith and fervor in public which is totally banned under Intellocracy. This ban is to ensure full freedom of faith for all without any influence from anybody else. Accordingly, all religious places, religious gatherings and preaching are also banned.

Discipline is the key for a happy society and if somebody does not follow it, it is externally imposed through strict penal measures by the state. The discipline ensures due regards to others' rights and privileges on public properties - such as roads and forests, and services - such as electricity, water, educational institutions, etc. Therefore, any encroachment on public properties by individuals is strictly punished and this responsibility and accountability is of those officially responsible for maintaining public properties and services.

# Global Vision, Local Action

For Intellocracy, serving local interests, nation-wise, region-wise, village-wise, etc., is supreme and this can't be compromised for any gains. While under democracy in the developing world, all good quality goods are exported for a foreign exchange used for importing third-rate goods in to the country. This may look lucrative to a business unit but has been proving counter-productive in many ways for the people and the nation as a whole, and is considered as unethical by all right thinking people.

A basic question arises - why a global vision is at all needed? We have a great answer. If the people are provided with by the government what they want, they may be satisfied. But the humanity as a whole remains dissatisfied. People want only what they get exposed about and nothing beyond that for their ignorance about other developments all over the globe. The global vision of the leaders of a nation brings to the people even what they do not get exposed about. This not only cultivates immense faith in the people for the government, it makes international developments to serve the people.

Global vision clubbed with local action does not allow the government to import internationally developed products in to the nation but pioneers efforts with in the country to produce international goods to be made available to the people. This, in turn, provides employment to the people and business opportunities to the business community of the country and hence develops a healthy economy in the nation.

Global vision is quite different from globalization process, the latter meaning an infeasible concept of global action. In global vision, only the philosophy of development is imported not the actions and processes of development. And such a philosophy is first tailored to suit the local circumstances and then adapted for local actions.

Indeed, there can be no global action for existence administrative and geographical boundaries on the globe making circumstances different for different locations and different circumstances need different actions. Therefore, actions have to be local only. It is only the vision that could be global, and this vision need be translated to local actions subjected to local circumstances.

A local action limited by a local vision keeps a local development in closed doors thus debarring other localities getting advantage of the development. The global vision not only imports developments from other localities but also conveys to the other localities fruits of a local development. Thus, the global vision works to homogenize the development process globally.

Secondly, a local action with global vision becomes relevant not only to the locality of action but to all the localities of similar nature. For example, working in a small village with a global vision stimulates a wave of actions in all the villages of similar type. It is because the vision gets adapted to local circumstances for one village and so may easily be implemented in all other villages.

# Differentiating Civilization and Culture

Generally, civilization and culture are treated as synonyms of each other, while the words have wide gap in their true meanings. Civilization deals with organizing individuals in a society for betterment of individuals as well as of the society as a whole. Culture is what a child gains in terms of customs and traditions from his parents and other elders in the society in the process of growing up to adulthood and even later. Thus, culture of a person is the cultivated way he/she behaves to fit him/herself in the society. Thus, if the customs and traditions of a society are wrong, every child gets cultivated to acquire a bad culture, but if the society has healthy customs and traditions, the individuals are said to be well-cultured. So, a culture may be bad or good, while civilization is what the humanity considers right for humanity at a time and organizes itself accordingly.

People doing only mental work are called intellectuals. This makes two types of intellectuals - civilized and cultured. Generally speaking, scientific and philosophical persons are civilized while politicians and businesspersons are cultured - rightly or wrongly. Scientists and philosophers work on long-term global perspectives of human welfare while the politicians and businesspersons are influenced by local circumstances of their times which may or may not be very congenial to humanity.

Historically, some groups in early humanity worked to form civilized societies followed by others sooner or later. In later periods, since about 2,000 years back, the civilized societies were given dosages of culture to establish their customs and traditions, which then dominated focus of humanity. People generally are in grips of political and social cultures. While political cultures are easier to change with the political leadership with people easily adapting to a new political culture. But social culture is embedded in minds of people and is transmitted from generations to generations. So, it is difficult to change.

Concepts of God, religions and spirituality are products of social culture propagated by vested interests to rule over the humanity psychologically. This changed the way people think and behave and serves interests of propagators only. At one time, whole world was in grip of this social culture. About 300 years back, some individuals began thinking and working on scientific lines and ushered in to a new age of renaissance. This proved to be a beginning of a new culture but was not adopted by all societies on the globe. Europe and America subscribed to this culture and got benefited to a great extent. Rest of the world, including India, failed to adopt the new scientific culture and is still in the grip of misconceptions of God, religions and spirituality, so remain backward.

# Alcoholic Liquor Consumption and Morality

Wines had been part of royal lifestyles in historical past of India which were costly and revitaliser to the body of the consumer. Kings and army chiefs used to consume them for getting ready for facing their enemies. For some, it used to be source of sexual excitements for satisfying their mates. Up to this extent, there was no harm from such consumptions.

Then males of all warrior classes started consuming other alcoholic drinks for intoxication to feel the wildness of their individual personalities and to relieve themselves of their worries and tensions for the time-being. Not only, these liquors were cheap, these did immense damage to mental faculties of the consumers. With these, thinking process of the person is blocked due to which he/she feels unrestrained from social norms so these make him feel the wildness - the most natural state of life but against norms of human civilization. Thus, evolution of human civilization over thousands of years is undone by the consumption of alcoholic liquors.

The trend of consuming liquors as a fashion of modern lifestyle by the rich followed by the poor has reached an alarming state jeopardizing normal human life not only in the family of the consumer but in the nearby families also. The trend has spread far and wide engulfing all sections of Indian society.

## India

The liquor consumption in small doses in cold places may be necessary to warm up the body provided quality of liquor is taken care of. But for most of the regions of India and other tropical countries, its effects are surely damaging to the mental faculties. In the beginning, the ill-effect is temporary but with repeated consumptions, it takers deep roots blocking thinking faculty of the consumer, wherein he/she starts demanding more and more of the liquor and gets mentally drowned in its evil effects.

Indian society, in general, lacks discipline in the name of enjoying freedom and this adds to unruly behavior of the consumer sometimes unintentionally but most of the times intentionally to display courage and wildness of the character. About 50 percent of male Indian adults are taking liquors regularly and more are willing to get it but restrained by their economic conditions.

## Economy

After the damage to mental faculties, another devastating effect of liquor consumption is on the economy of the family of the consumer, particularly in the poor and middle classes of the society. This effects economy of the nation too through loss of productive workforce due to intoxication. But this is not realized by the government of India and her people due to widespread unemployment in the country. The human productivity and hence the morality are in peril as a result.

## Government

Government of India is promoting liquor consumption for its gains of excise revenue without realizing its ill-effects on the economy and the society. Here it is noteworthy that about 50 percent of liquor being consumed in the country comes from illegitimate sources for which the government gets no revenue. This illegitimate supply of liquor is doing greater harm to the society than that due to legitimate supplies.

This indirect promotion of liquor consumption by the government is only one face of the story wherein many state governments are involved in this business. The other face of the story is that the same governments spend a lot of public money on publicity of discouragements and prohibitions of liquors in the country. This is done just as an eye-wash having no real intentions.

# Women and Children

Women and children are the worst effected by liquor consumption in the country by the earning members of their families. This way damage to family's economy prevents women and children from getting proper nutrition and education, thus getting sick and undisciplined members of the society. In most of the cases, such women are children are ill-treated by the family heads and are forced to earn money to finance the consumption by the heads of the families.

Here again, the governments of India prohibit use of child labor in regulated businesses without making sure that the children of the country get proper education. This forces the children to work in unregulated businesses, such as rag-picking, vending, etc., wherein their exploitations are rampant. Thus liquor consumption policy of the government forces the women and children of the country to suffer.

# Conflicts of Myths and Realities

Societies which do not have a culture of reasoning and thinking, the two most essential attributes of humanity, invariably have conflicts of their myths and realities. Such societies often fail in being fit for democratic governance.

Myths are what people assume to be true from generation to generation without any verification. These are introduced in the society by two ways. The desired way is the experiential information being passed from one generation to the other. Since these are based on realistic experiences, these are also the realities of the society. In the other way, some evil-minded persons keep on misguiding the society for many generations and feed fictitious information to the societal channels to serve their own vested interests. Myths created by these mischievous persons have undesirable influence on the society harming its interests.

Consider, for example, people's faith in fate. Almost every Indian believes that everything goes by the fate of the person already written on his forehead by Divine forces. In-spite of this, everybody seems to be making efforts to earn more wealth and pleasures of life, disregarding his/her fate. The concept of fate is mischievously inscribed on society and has become a myth, while working to earn a living is based on reality. This creates conflicts in the mind of the affected person and not understanding it, ultimately gives up thinking and becomes just like a wild animal.

Misdeeds of miscreants of forcing some misconceptions on the society as myths makes it essential for intellectuals of the society to keep on examining myths and wash out misconceptions from the people's minds to put them back on the path of reasoning and thinking. This can bring back the society to normalcy of realities.

The misconceived myths sets in the society a process of cultural degradation without the common people taking note of it. In this process, they stop being civilized citizens and just remain badly cultured people without any reasoning and thinking.

Democracy is a process wherein people vote to form their government. When people don't think, they remain unaware of what is right or wrong, and so may vote for a wrong person to govern them. This causes a grand failure of democracy, like that is happening in India after independence.

What a National Leader should Be

Apart from thinking on solving national problems in the ways outlined in this blog, the Intellocracy needs a national leader for every nation having certain specific characteristics to translate the concept of Intellocracy to actual application.

#

# Discipline

Te first and the foremost characteristic desirable of nation's leader is his/her being a staunch disciplinarian. Most of the problems faced by various nations under democracies emanate from people being undisciplined. In a democratic process, such people elect undisciplined persons to political leadership. As a result, discipline is the least important in democratic world. This malady is the root of all the problems people face in democracies. And it can only be cured by a person devoted to 'discipline first'. This was the slogan given by Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose of India before India's freedom from British empire for ruling the country after independence.

Strict discipline puts some restrictions on freedoms of all the people to make them responsible socially and nationally. For this reason, those misusing freedom oppose discipline in disguised ways. They blame a disciplinarian as autocrat etc. In-spite of this, the problems faced by the world today can not be solved without discipline.

# Nationalism

Whatever be the integration of the world through globalization of economies, all the nations are going to have their separate identities. The globalization has a demerit of exploitation of the weak by the strong at national level. If interests of a nation are not protected, other nations shall take her for a ride. India's present state supports this view where Indian leaders are involved in promoting themselves individually and the nation is in peril through exploitation of its economy by stronger economies.

Since, exploitation at all levels - individual, social, racial, regional, national, etc., is to be stopped under Intellocracy, every national leader must protect his/her nation's interests with the best of his/her abilities and resources. This requires that every national leader is a strong nationalist.

# Ruthlessness

Partiality in governance and administration of a nation creates problem of corruption. Diplomacy, not making a straightforward statement, adds more to corruption and creates misunderstandings. Inter-nation problems all over the world remain unresolved for ever because of diplomatic statements of leaders involved instead of straightforward statements. The straightforward statements come from a person who is totally ruthless to every one inside or outside the nation. Therefore, ruthlessness is another characteristic that is wanted for a national leader under Intellocracy.

Many readers of these passages may wonder why 'honesty' has been left out of the desirable characteristics of a leader. Indeed, this is not left out but expressed in detail in the above-said three characteristics of the leader. No dishonest person can afford to be ruthless, disciplined or a nationalist. All these qualities are found in honest persons only, or in other words, these are the three dimensions of honesty.

Section D : Basic Provisions of Intellocracy

## Section Contents

Presidency : The Right Way of Governance

Intellocratic Governance Policy

Voting Rights under Intellocracy

Intellocracy Priority 1 : Health of the People

Intellocracy Priority 2 : Education for All

Intellocracy Priority 3 : Free Justice

Intellocracy Priority 4 : Utilization of Human Resource

Government Employees in Intellocracy

National Economy

Taxation under Intellocracy

Land Management in Intellocracy

Water Management

Public Transport System

Countering Religious Fanaticism

Presidency : The Right Way of Governance

In a parliamentary democracy, the responsibility of governance is shared by a cabinet of ministers, and fixing accountability for any mis-governance becomes impossible.

Intellocracy considers presidential form of government as the right way of governance of a country for its direct responsibility and accountability of the President. The president shall be elected by the people directly through preference points voting system. In this newly devised system, the voters provide preference points to three of the candidates in the fray to chose the best candidate to presidency.

The president has powers to appoint his/her cabinet of ministers from the elected parliamentarians/senators to deal with different ministries of the government, but their number shall not exceed 12 in any case. Even working through his/her ministers, the president shall be held responsible and accountable for every function of the governance of the country.

A special provision under Intellocracy is that of removing an elected president from office through 67 percent of disfavoring votes of the paliamentarians/senators. Once removed from office of presidency, the person shall lose all his rights to be elected for any public office.

Intellocracy has a provision of electing a Vice President also along with the President who shall take the place of the President in case a President is removed from office or dies while in office. This election shall also be conducted through preference point voting system.

Intellocratic Governance Policy

Intellocratic governments function at 5 levels, with each level having specific responsibilities :

1. Village/Township/City/Metropolis (Local) Governments

Cleanliness, Public properties, Local land and demographic records, Water resources use, and Direct taxation.

2. Block Governments

Protection of public properties, Social forestry, Agricultural development services, Medical services, Regulating village governments.

3. District Governments

Administration of education, Medical services, Milk and food processing industries, Rural development; Regulating Township Governments.

4. Provincial Governments

Regulation of Local Governments; Framing of rules under national acts; Development of arts, crafts and literature; Law and Order; Industrial development; Regulation of Block/District and City Governments; Roadways development and control; Interstate cooperation.

5. National Government

Law and Justice; Health services; Education policy; International relations; Defence; Water resources regulation; Power and Fuels; Railways; Regulation of State/Metropolis Governments; Others.

Thus, Village, Township, City and Metropolis Governments are executive governments responsible for tax collection and development functions; while the Bloc, District and State Governments are purely administrative governments. The national government has both the duties of administering the nation and working for the development. For administrative purposes, these governments are of five levels - Nation, State/Metropolis, District/City, Block/Township and Village levels.

The governments have basically two duties towards people and the nation - to facilitate people to lead healthy, civilized and respectable lives; and to restrain the people from hurting each other's liberties. The first one is functional responsibility while the second one is the control responsibility. The functional responsibility is highest at the village level and goes on diminishing gradually up to the national level, while the control responsibility is the highest at the national level which goes on diminishing gradually up to the village level.

# Other features

Federalism is to be avoided as far as possible, and the national government plays a pivotal role in uniform development and opportunities for the people and the regions of the nation with due regard to their life-styles and cultures. It is to work as a presidential democracy except that it is elected by by selectively qualified voters.

The President of the Nation shall have following 16 Ministries under him/her each headed by an intellectual of the field -

1. Rural development including agricultural and cottage industries development.

2. Health services.

3. Educational services.

4. Law and Justice.

5. Industrial development.

6. Economy and Finance.

7. Water resources.

8. External Affairs and Foreign Trade.

9. National defense and calamities.

10. Transport and Travel.

11. Mining and Mineral processing.

12. States and Metropolis governments functionality.

13. Electricity.

14. Science, technology and telecommunications.

15. Energy and Fuels.

16. Life and Products quality.

Voting Rights under Intellocracy

The fundamental difference between Democracy and Intellocracy is in their voting rights of the citizens. The democracy treats all adult citizens at par as far as voting rights are concerned. This is the greatest drawback of democracy because its approach is totally quantitative and ignores quality of the citizens. It is well known that all citizens are never equal in their education, intellect and intention. Even the nature does not provide equal resources to all its creations. Giving them equal rights is against the quality considerations and the nature.

So, Intellocracy categorizes people in accordance with their age, education, medical record, criminal record, and employment status. Accordingly, following rules have been thought of -

1. Persons above the age of 25 shall be entitled to vote. Every citizen above the age of 75 shall have to get himself/herself medically examined for mental and physical fitness for not being dependent on somebody else for taking decisions, to get a voting right.

2. Education-wise, illiterate persons are not entitled to vote. Matriculates will have one vote, graduates 2, professionally qualified and those with doctoral degree will have 3 votes.

3. Mentally retarded, insane persons, and habitual of taking intoxicants and narcotics, will not be eligible to vote.

4. Anybody sentenced for committing a crime will not have any voting right for 5 years after his/her release from imprisonment.

5 No employee of the government shall have any voting right as she/he already has a say in the functioning of the government through his/her employment.

6. Beggars and persons not having a legitimate employment for their livelihood shall not be entitled to vote.

More considerations may be added to refine the voting rights.

# Preference Points Voting System

Intellocracy has a unique election system with value to opinion of every voter. It is not based on counting of votes but on voting points earned by a candidate. A candidate getting maximum supporting points is declared elected. To ensure a wider support base for the winner, a new Preference Points Voting System (PPVS) is devised, in which voters are asked to provide their preferences to three different candidates. Weighted points attached to the vote preference is as follows -

Points 5 for first preference votes,

Points 3 for second preference votes, and

Points 2 for the third preference votes to the candidate

If the number of candidates is only two, the voters indicate only two preferences weighted 6 and 4 respectively.

With common logic, a two-candidate election is workable with single votes too, but with Intellocratic logic, two-preference voting system makes the winner representing all the voters, while single-preference voting system makes the winner representing only his/her supporters. Theoretically, two-preference voting system won't much alter the election result, but it will have a psychologically soothing influence on the community. No voter shall feel defeated in the election.

Thus, in all cases, every voter gives out 10 points to different candidates. After polling, all vote points scores of the candidates are summed up and one getting maximum points is declared elected. This system does not ensure on majority support to the winner in a multi-cornered contest, and has an additional advantage of cooperation between various candidates for getting other preference votes. This will ensure an atmosphere of cooperation in the society.

# Loss of Voting Power for Illiterate Masses

Under Intellocracy, illiterate masses and other person capable of contributing little to humanism in society and the nation, definitely lose voting power which, in democracy, is at par with other more valuable persons. Does it mean that such persons are loser in Intellocracy? My answer to this question is a definite NO. A person first needs something what he/she lacks. For example, a hungry person does not anything other than food. Intellocracy considers that illiterate persons lack education and they need be provided education quickly and conveniently which is done under Intellocracy. Such persons neither understand true value of voting nor they have any interest in such an understanding.

Every person need be provided an incentive to improve himself/herself and to be honorable like others in the society. By depriving for the voting right, Intellocracy provides an incentive of voting power to the deprived for getting himself/herself educated. With this incentive, everyone in the society shall do his/her best to get educated and acquire voting power which is definitely going to improve social constitution and there shall come one day when all citizens shall be well-educated and have voting rights. That shall be the time for fruition of democratic process. At such stage, Intellocracy shall be reduced to be a true democracy, but still have said incentives for children to grow as educated.

Another important consideration of reduction in voting right is for improving quality of governance of the country which is beneficial to all including those deprived of voting power for their lower capabilities. Needless to say, improvement in quality of voters is going to improve quality of those elected to govern and hence the governance. So, loss of voting rights is really a big gain even to those deprived of voting rights.

Intellocracy Priority 1 : Health of the People

Intellocracy accords topmost priority to health of its constituents without which the system of governance can not remain healthy. This means that free and uniform opportunities shall be available to all to remain healthy and get their ailments cured. This is an investment by the government to get better productivity from the people and making the country prosperous. Recent reforms on health front by the Obama government in USA is a step in this direction wherein every US citizen is entitled to get health-insured to enable him/her to get best of the medical aid whenever needed.

Concept behind public investment on health bears from the fact that health of the people is considered as the most precious national asset which need be taken care of in the best possible way. If people are healthy, all sectors of the nation are happy and properly functional. Without this, nothing can work.

This provision of Intellocracy rules out private medical practices in the country. Any profession adopted as a business, sooner or later, ends in commercialism leading to efforts of business promotion by the professionals. In the field of health, it leads to more sickness of the people adversely affecting national economy.

An argument against this is the doubt on government's efficiency of providing health services to the people raised by the current experiences of government's functioning. This deficiency of the government's functioning is due to the bare fact that the people in general are not healthy. Sick people can neither demand nor provide good services.

Health measures have two aspects - preventive and curative, the former being more important than the second one. Preventive health measures are often called public health provisions. This includes preventing all sorts of pollutions of air, water and soil. Total prohibition of production and distribution of intoxicants and narcotics in the country is the most important provision of Intellocracy in this direction. Such substances are not only pollutants of body and mind of the people, but are unnecessary drains of national and individual wealth. Curative measures of health include having the best possible facilities of curing diseases of the people

Intellocracy Priority 2 : Education for All

If properly utilized, human resource of a country is the most valuable asset, but if not utilized properly, it is the greatest liability. One of the important factors of human resource utilization in a country is the educational standard of the people. So, Intellocracy asserts for a wholesome education to its constituents by making this service fully free to all the citizens. For this, uniform opportunities of getting education shall be made available by the government. This means that there shall be no educational institutions in the private sector and there shall be no commercialization of this service to the people.

This provision requires a lot of improvements over the present system all around the world. Firstly, there shall be an estimate of the human resource requirements in every field of human endeavor and accordingly, the government shall open educational institutions. this will ensure no unemployment of educated youth and no dearth of skilled manpower for various sectors of the country's economy.

Education shall have two categories - academic and professional. Academic education shall have grades Matriculate (10 years), Secondary (12 years), Graduate (14 years), Post Graduate (16 years) and Researchers. It will be ensured that there is nobody in the country having education below matriculation level.

Professional education shall have Trade Skill (3 years), Trade Supervision (3 years), and Trade Graduates (3 years), Trade Masters (2 years), and Trade Researchers. Entry levels for these levels from the academic core shall be as follows -

Matriculates >> Trade Skill Courses (equivalent to Secondary)

Secondary >> Trade Supervisory Courses (equivalent to Graduates)

Graduates; Trade Graduate Courses (equivalent to Post-graduates)

Post graduate and Researcher courses shall be open to respective graduates and post-graduates only.

Although, self-employment shall be promoted by the government in the country by all means but it shall be the responsibility of the government to provide full employment to everybody willing to terminate his/her education at any level above matriculation and seek an employment. Until the government provides suitable employment, the applicant shall get unemployment allowance from the government equivalent to 75% of wages he may get in employment.

Another important provision of Intellocracy in this field is that no teacher even that at primary level, shall have a minimum qualification of post-graduate.

# Education System

The system of education under Intellocracy shall be under monopoly of the government to provide uniform educational opportunities to all the citizens free of cost. There shall be two streams - Education and Vocation, for preparing the youths for nation-building tasks. The vocation of the lowest level \- Arts and Crafts, shall be possible only after 9 years of education, but higher level courses shall be available after higher levels of education, as shown in the picture below.

Before research work, there shall be five levels of education - Primary, Basic, Secondary, Graduation and Post-graduation. On the vocation side, there shall be four levels before research work in the field of study.

Number of years of successful study for education remains the same for all subjects of study, but these vary for vocations in different fields. Vocation of Arts and Crafts shall include all the arts and crafts including courses for industrial applications. the polytechnic vocations include courses for supervisory levels in various industrial trades and arts of middle level. Professional vocations are degree courses in various fields such as Engineering, Medicine, Law, Mass-communication, Arts, Fashion, etc.

A special feature of education under Intellocracy shall be finality of a level of competence after which the student shall not be required to be tested for admissions to higher courses. Currently in India, the students are required to appear entrance tests for every admission even after acquiring the desired qualifications because of imbalances in demands and supplies of qualified students,, costing the students and the nation heavily.

Intellocracy Priority 3 : Free Justice

Justice is the key to social harmony without which no country can make any progress from humanity point of view. It is about punishing the guilty and serves three purposes –

It makes the person to realize his/her fault and discourages from repeating the mistake.

It discourages all others in the society to offend others through fear of punishment.

It cleans the society by putting the offenders behind bars or punishing them with death sentence.

Justice means not only justice but justice within a short timeframe, which is is set at 3 months under Intellocracy. For any delay in this respect, the judicial officer dealing with the case shall be accountable. Asking for justice is not an offence and the applicant should not be asked to pay any fees or other charges for it. With this contention, justice shall be freely available to all citizens and the State shall bear full cost of it. However, it may be recovered from the person held guilty. For providing free judicial services, the complainant shall not be required to hire a law-practitioner but the State shall provide free legal aid to the complainants. The cost of this service shall be recovered from the person(s) proved guilty. No complaint shall directly go to a court but to an investigation officer who shall investigate and if need be shall file a law suit in the court. For this, present Police force shall be equipped with legal experts and investigators.

Further, Intellocracy advocates stricter punishments, including death sentences, to the offenders that will discourage persons from committing offences.

Basic tenets of justice under Intellocracy are as follows –

# Punishment According to Status

Current trend of justice throughout the world is based on 'equal punishment for equal crime' which is not acceptable by Intellocracy just because all humans are never equal in their status. It advocates 'punishment in accordance with status of the guilty'. For example, a class 4 employee of the government may be fined for taking a bribe, but a judge must be hanged till death for taking the same bribe.

# Competence of Judicial Officers

If a judgment is reversed by a higher court, it shall be considered as incompetence of the judicial officer delivering the judgment and administrative action will be taken against him/her.

# Free Discussion on Judgments

Contempt of courts provision is considered undesirable under Intellocracy, so any judgment shall be open for public discussion. This is to make the judicial officers more responsible and accountable to public.

# Crimes and Punishments

Intellocracy has a simple but strict punishment system to prevent crimes in the country. The most important feature of the punishment system is punishment according to status of the person committing a crime. For example, a peon may be fined only for accepting a bribe, but a judicial officer shall be hanged for taking the same bribe. the reason is that Intellocracy expects persons with status and authority to be more responsible and accountable to improve the society.

Intellocracy puts all crimes in three main categories -

## National Crimes :

Having international secret relations not prescribed under law,

Misuse of official position in the government,

Production and Distribution of Narcotics and Intoxicants, and

Encroachment on Public Properties,

Efforts to Monopolize any products or services,

Disobeying Family size policy of the government

## Social Crime :

Murder,

Homosexuality,

Dacoity,

Food Adulteration,

Trespassing modesty of women and children,

Practicing, Spreading and Preaching idleness like work-strikes, beggary, renunciation (Sanyas), etc.

Undue Business profiteering,

Inducing Religious Feelings and Fervor,

Preaching Divine Fears

## Moral Crimes :

Dishonesty,

Thefts,

Adultery

Intellocracy has no provision of jails for imprisonments of criminals. Instead, there shall be labor farms wherein the criminals shall be made to do physical work. Punishments for the above-said crimes are one or more of the following -

Confiscation of all properties,

Castration,

Sent to Labor Farms (Period on merit),

Death sentence

These sentences are to be awarded according to the status of the person committing a crime, tentatively prescribed as under -

All national crimes shall be punishable by confiscation of properties and death sentence.

The punishment shall make the person permanently disable to commit the crime again.

Practicing, spreading and preaching idleness in the society shall be punishable by sending the criminal to labor farms for performing physically hard labor.

The objective of punishment is to eliminate any possibility of crimes in the society. The general assumption is that the crimes are initiated through authority - government, administration, social, physical, etc. So, the first thing done to a criminal shall be to terminate his/her authority.

Intellocracy Priority 4 : Utilization of Human Resource

Most of the resources of a nation deteriorate with time with the exception of human resource which go on appreciating with age in capabilities of strength or intellect. Another important aspect of this resource is that if properly utilized it becomes an asset and generates wealth but if not utilized it becomes a liability for the nation for feeding, caring and tolerating mischief of idle minds. So, Intellocracy pays utmost attention to its development, care and utilization. Its development is done through education and care is taken by health-care measures, discussed in earlier posts. Utilization of this precious resource has many important aspects, discussed below.

# Human Resource Planning

Intellocratic government shall have a human resource planning directorate to forecast demand of skills needed by the nation and prepare this resource accordingly. This planning shall focus on eliminating competition, brain-drain, and unemployment in the country, which are always the results of bad or no planning.

# Population Control

A large unregulated population growth is unmanageable for any economy, so Intellocracy shall have stringent measures of population control through curtailment of parents' voting rights if they produce more than 3 children. However, the children so produced shall not be punished in any way.

# Women

Women are meant to take care of the health of the family and hence the nation, and to build a future of the nation through care to the children. So, Intellocracy is in favor of limiting women to these primary functions at home. However, fields of health-care and education shall also be open to women. With focus of women on home and family, the nation will not only have better citizens, its future will also be brighter. Apart from these, more employment opportunities shall be available to men which is very important when employment opportunities are limited and population is large.

# Basic Wealth Generation

Wealth generation means making available what is not available to humanity. This is possible mainly through agriculture, mining, oil exploration, and ocean exploration, etc. So, second priority of Intellocracy is to utilize the nation's human resource in these fields with usage of modern technologies.

# Industrialization

Industries mainly transform available raw materials into products of human utility directly or indirectly and to make human life more productive and comfortable. This requires investment, technologies, and skilled manpower. In this field, care shall be taken to minimize imports and producing on priority basis what is most needed by the people to remain healthy, happy and productive. Industries for production of alcoholic drinks, narcotics, intoxicants air-conditioners, etc. shall be prohibited except for very essential usages such as medical uses. The industries shall be allowed to produce only quality goods and according to demand of the nation estimated by the Industrial Demand Forecasting Directorate of the country under Intellocracy. Thus, freedom to produce anything of any quality shall be restricted. Production of poor quality goods is not only a wastage of precious raw materials, it also sets an unhealthy trend of competition of cheap goods.

# Cultivation of Productive Psyche

All social welfare measures and reservations to various classes of the society create a psychology of idleness and beggary in the minds of the people, therefore all such provisions shall be totally eliminated. The downtrodden classes, if any, in the country may be provided with more facilities and economic assistances at the ducation level only to bring them to the mainstream of the nation. After that, all of such classes shall be treated at par with other classes of the society. Every one in the nation must understand that he had to earn everything for himself and his family and nothing shall be available free.

# Religions

Nobody shall be allowed to display his/her religious leaning in public because Intellocracy puts religious following as an absolutely personal trait to be followed within boundaries of his/her personal residences. Therefore, there shall be no public places for worshipping and preaching of religions. All professions of beggary, religious preaching, etc. astrologers, etc. shall be totally banned in the country under Intellocracy. Thus, people will have total freedom of being productive but not for cheating others for survival.

Thus, Intellocracy advocates restricted freedoms to the people to inculcate discipline in the nation and achieve highest levels of productivity. These are considered basic to gross happiness of the people and the nation.

Government Employees in Intellocracy

Intellocratic government shall not involve in any business but limit itself to regulatory functions in every sector of life of the nation. For this, Intellocracy will have a minimum number of government employees who shall be held accountable to every difficulty faced by the citizens.

Special provisions of government employment in Itellocracy shall be as follows -

1. No Voting Rights

No government employee shall have voting right for electing the government. One reason for this provision is that the government employees already have a say in the working of the government by being in its employment and formulating and implementing the regulatory functions of the government. Second reason for this provision is that political leaders of the nation tend to pamper government employees by granting them higher and higher pay packets to garner their vote and support who in-turn influence the free and fair elections in the country. With no voting rights to the government employees, both these evils are taken care of.

2. Salary Linked to Per Capita Income

Since government is responsible for per capita income of the nation, its employees' salary shall be directly linked to per capita income of the nation. This will force the employees to work for raising per capita income in the country.

3. Highest to Lowest Salary Ratio to be 3:2

In Intellocracy highest paid employee of the government shall get salary not more than 150% of that for the lowest paid employees. Logic behind this ratio is that every employee need earning for a respectable living which limits the ratio of highest to lowest. For this reason, number of levels in government employment hierarchy shall be restricted to 5 only - two at working level, one supervisory, and two officer levels. Thus difference of salary in two consecutive levels shall be only 10 percent. Logic behind comparable salaries for different levels is that the higher levels have more of privileges, facilities and authorities than those for lower levels, as incentives for taking up higher responsibilities.

4. Government Employees to be Real Public Servants

Government servants often start behaving as monarchs because of the authority to deal with public affairs they get from the government. Intellocracy is to eliminate this tendency by making each individual employee accountable to some public service directly.

5. Minimum of Female Employees

Except in the fields of medicine, teaching, etc, Intellocracy does not like the females to work in government offices for the reason that their services are most needed in homes for taking care of family and upbringing the children. This restriction is not meant to disregard females but to augment their safety and respectability in the society.

National Economy

Promoting and developing everything everywhere is against basic principle of work distribution of humanity and is not good for building a healthy economy. Neither, developing everything at few urban centers is against basic theme of uniform development of Intellocracy. So, economic activities are distributed in such a way that opportunities get uniformly distributed throughout the nation and prove feasible at the selected locations. This distribution of locations is as follows -

Village level : Agriculture, Cattle, Cottage industries.

Township level : Consumer trade, Arts and Crafts, Road transport terminals, Railways.

City level : Industrial trade and units, Road transport terminals.

Metropolis : Tourism, International trade, Films, Corporate offices, Air transport terminals.

For these economic and other activities, the control and regulatory points shall be as follows -

 **Development blocks : Social forestry, Agricultural development.**

 **District headquarters : Protection of public properties, Railways..**

 **State administration : Industrial development, Road transport.**

 **National capital : Airways, Waterways, Uniformalization of development.**

Basic operative guidelines for economic activities are provided below -

Base development of the country on indigenous efforts and enterprising with foreign collaborations permissible in fields where indigenous resources are deficient.

No foreign enterprise shall be allowed to compete with local enterprises, and shall be permitted to produce what they can export.

The nation is not to made a market for foreign made goods, but shall be made to produce to meet all her needs. Imports shall be restricted to fields of technologies and production machinery found deficient in the country.

Local production shall be made to meet local needs first, with no priority for exports. Competition in local producers shall be eliminated through proper forecasting of demands and planning production accordingly.

Basic ethos of industrial development shall be to live what we have today and aspire for more tomorrows through developing and producing more for tomorrow.

Foreign links of Indian businessmen and rulers shall be under close watch and scrutiny by a national commission.

Quality of all products and services to be regulated by the National Quality Commission, and nobody shall be allowed to produce goods of substandard quality.

Although all trading activities in the country shall be from controls and taxes, its level shall be restricted to minimum levels to minimize difference between costs of production and consumer prices of all products..

# Demand Forecasting and Production Planning

Modern thinking that competition causes progress is vehemently opposed by Intellocracy. Humanity formed and organized societies not to compete with each other but to cooperate with each other. Thus, cooperation is fundamental to human civilization. Intellocracy considers competition as an animal characteristic for survival. Humanity has gone much beyond that animal characteristic.

Competition causes a lot of wastage of resources of the competing persons or organizations in ways of price reduction and advertising expenditures. This ultimately hampers quality of products for the given prices or the prices escalate for given qualities of products. Due to cut-throat competitions for survival in the modern markets, a lot of production units close down causing a huge waste of capital investments.

Competition comes into play due to imbalance in supply and demand. This can be overcome by balancing demand and supply through demand forecasting and production planning. For this purpose, Intellocractic government will have permanent statutory body 'Demand Forecasting and Planning Commission' to take steps to eliminate competition from every field of human endeavor through making things available in accordance with their respective demands. Advent of information technologies has empowered humanity to eliminate competition from every field, through correct demand forecasting and planning production accordingly.

# Industrial Development

Intellocracy puts industries in four sectors each having a different location. Cottage industries shall be set up in villages only while small scale industries shall be located in townships. Medium scale industries shall be allowed to be set up on peripheries of cities while metropolitan cities shall be kept free from industrial units. Large and heavy industries shall be located in remote areas with their own townships and electricity generation units of their own located close-by. These locations have been decided to provide employment opportunities to people near their native places. Cottage industries shall be limited to produce goods of arts and crafts to utilize ingenuity of the individuals.

As a policy matter, government shall involve itself in any commercial activity but shall be monitoring and regulating all commercial activities including industrial development. For industries, the government have the following regulating measures.

 I

## Demand Forecasting and Planning Commission

Competitions in business cause imbalances in demand and supply of goods leading to wastage of resources. Intellocracy is to eliminate competition through demand forecasting and planning production accordingly through a full-time permanent national level commission.

Excess production of anything enhances competition amongst producers, affecting prices and hence quality of products. This apart from wastage of national resources, devalues enterprising skills in the country. Commission's services shall be available to entrepreneurs free of cost.

## Quality and Price Regulatory Commission

Basic idea behind this control is to eliminate wastage of national resources in producing sub-standard goods. The commission shall monitor and regulate qualities and prices of all products and services in the country and allow only standard quality products and services within prefixed price ranges .

For each manufactured product, number of quality grades shall be restricted to be a maximum of tree - ordinary, standard, and superior, and only three sizes of packages \- individual, family, and community. No price variation of more than 10 percent shall be allowed in between different manufacturers of a product with the rider that consumer price shall not exceed the production cost by more than 10 percent. This price differential expects two trading levels in between producers and the consumers of the product. More trading levels may exist with lower margins to traders. Bot over-pricing and under-pricing are considered damaging to national economy.

## Foreign Trade Commission

Self-reliance shall be the hallmark of an Intellocratic government, with educating people to live, as far as possible, with what is produced in the country. No imports shall be allowed to the country of products that are being produced in the country in desired quantities to keep indigenous industries in good health and reward local enterprising skills.

In Intellocracy, people are considered to deserve the best produced in the country. Hence, exports of local products shall be allowed only if it is in surplus. Foreign enterprises shall be allowed to set up their manufacturing facilities in the country for exporting their good to other countries, so not to compete wit local entrepreneurs. Their products may be allowed to be sold in the country only if there is a shortage of local production. Such foreign companies shall not be allowed to raise funds from local public in any way. These shall be provided with workforce, electricity and fuels, land, plant and machinery, etc.

Taxation under Intellocracy

# Taxation Philosophy

Intellocracy believes in directly taxing every adult citizen of the country for the services provided by the government to the people particularly in the fields of health, education and judiciary. apart from these, every citizen family unit shall be entitled to have a free space for making its home in the country. Since, the tax is broad-based, the amount is very small and gives every citizen a proud place in the country as a citizen. The tax payment will inculcate a feeling of responsibility for the country's affairs - ashamed for failures and prod for the successes. The tax amount shall be proportional to te consumption of the person from the national resources.

The special feature of the taxation policy is that tere shall be no tax on the income to encourage the citizens to raise their incomes freely and fairly, which ultimately adds to nation's gains. The sales tax too gets eliminated by taxing the luxury goods at their points of production only. Agricultural, commercial and industrial units get taxed in terms of annual charges for the land used by these units.

Intellocracy abolishes all personal rights on te natural resources of the country such as land, mines, water, etc. These shall be made available to every user for direct usage only, for which the user sall be charged a nominal tax.

Salient features of the Intellocratic taxation are listed below -

1. Total government expenditure shall be limited to 1 percent of the GDP. All government employees and legislators shall be paid on the basis of per capita income of the nation. This is based on the policy that one must earn what he facilitates others to earn. All payments by the government shall be tax-free.

2. Intellocracy puts all human endeavors in two categories -

**Contributing to Development, Health and Education** : These include such as sanitation, machineries, transport facilities, research facilities, agricultural implements, books and periodicals, electricity and fuels, mining and minerals, construction materials, agricultural produce and consultancy services, etc.

**Benefitting from Development** : Such as clothing, housing, travel, entertainment, consumer durables and luxury items, etc.

Taxing the first category items is considered detrimental to the national interests, hence these shall not be taxed at all. The second category items shall be taxed heavily to get the revenue for developmental activities.

Following the taxation philosophy outlined in the previous post, various taxes on the people under Intellocracy are as follows.

# Citizenship Tax

In fact, every citizen pays taxes to the government in indirect ways under the present regimes. These indirect taxes fail to give any credit to the people and in turn the people fail to realize that they have a role in running the government of their country. To overcome these deficiencies of the present taxation system, Intellocracy imposes a uniform direct tax on every adult citizen in the age group of 25 to 65 years of the country and abolishes indirect taxes on people except those enjoying luxuries. The citizenship tax shall be equivalent to per capita income for 5 working days.

This tax shall be collected by the local bodies who will be entitled to spend 25 percent of it for providing amenities to the people locally and the balance shall go to central fund to be utilized for common services of healthcare, education, judiciary, etc.

# Consumption Tax

This is the indirect tax on those using and consuming luxury items and shall be collected at the point of origin of luxury goods. Agricultural produce and the milk shall be exempted from this tax but processed foods and dairy products shall be suitably taxed at the source itself. There shall be three slabs for this tax -

Consumables except the food-grains and medicines shall be taxed at a flat rate of 10 percent of their production costs. This will include clothing, processed foods and dairy products, soaps and detergents, etc.

Consumer Durables such as utensils, clocks and watches, travel goods, fans and lighting gadgets, building materials, etc. shall be taxed at a uniform rate of 20 percent of their production costs.

Luxury Goods such as passenger cars, air-conditioners, mobile phones, washing machines, entertainment gadgets, photographic equipment and materials, kitchen equipment, jewelry and ornaments, cosmetics, perfumes and scents, decoration items, etc. shall be taxed at a flat rate of 30 percent of their production costs.

# Land-Usage Tax

There shall be no private ownership of land in te country, bt it shall be made available to every user for direct use only. Every eligible couple in the country shall get a free piece of land for building their abode. Apart from this all land in use by the individuals for their commercial or industrial enterprises and that for additional residences, shall be taxed in accordance with the locations - rural, urban and metropolitan, basis. This tax shall also be collected by the local self-government units.

Apart from these taxes, there shall be no other tax in the country under Intellocracy.

Land Management in Intellocracy

Intellocracy is against private ownership of natural resources of the nation, like the land, water, air, etc. Out of these, land management is the most important aspect of Intellocracy that is quite different from Communism, Capitalism and Democracy.

Communism not only abolishes private ownership but also disregards of private enterprising. Capitalism puts all the resources including land under private ownership, while the democracy follows capitalism in this respect.

Intellocracy abolishes private ownership of land but not of enterprises. To implement this novel concept, Intellocracy provides land to everybody on nominal tax basis for his/her actual use only, which may be taken back if not utilized properly. After this allocation of land, all enterprises build on the land and its produces remain under private ownership. Thus, there shall be a free economy with State ownership of natural resources.

Another important aspect of land management under Intellocracy is that every citizen family unit is entitled to get one piece of land, free of all charges, at a location in the country of individual's choice subject to availability for building a home for own use, This piece of land at one place may be surrendered to the State by the family to get at another place. This provision is aimed at eliminating homelessness of the citizens and providing them a respectable existence on the native land. Through this provision, unauthorized entry of foreign nationals shall also be easily detectable hence prevented. If a family wants to have its residences at more than one location, it may get lands at other places on tax payment basis.

Other uses of land for which the citizens may require it are agriculture, horticulture, mines, industry and commercial enterprises. For all these and other possible uses, the land shall be made available to every demanding citizen on an annual tax basis. This land may also be surrendered to the State at any time and may be obtained again at any time and at any location. This provision shall end unemployment and landless laborers in the country trough providing opportunities to the citizens either to seek employment in other's enterprises or to establish own enterprises.

Water Management

Intellocracy treats supply of clean potable water to all its constituents, free of cost except for service charges in urban areas, as a governmental responsibility for its paramount implications on human health. The earth has an abundance of water on its surface but very little of it is potable. So whatever of it is available, it has to be conserved.

Ocean water is not directly consumable by humans for drinking and other purposes. The nature has process of distilling it through its evaporation and providing it to humanity as rain water. The rain water remains on land surface in lakes and water streams from where people make use of it after purification. This water goes out in three ways - seepage to the ground, evaporation to form clouds, and its drainage to oceans. The third process of drainage to the ocean makes this soft water unfit to human consumption, and so has to be prevented as far as possible.

Water through rivers going to oceans may be prevented by distributing it into more smaller water channels and making it available to farmers for irrigating their fields. In fields, this water is made use of for growing crops, before it gets evaporated and seeped to the ground. Thus whole of the water reaching the fields is fruitfully utilized.

Where pure water is in scarcity on the ground surface, it is drawn out from the under-ground reservoir of water, known as the water table, through bore wells and open wells. Both these processes need additional energy to bring the water to earth surface. If a large amount of water is drawn out, the water table level goes down and more energy is needed to bring it to the surface. Therefore, only a limited amount of water may be drawn out through bore-wells and open wells.

Afforestation of land surface helps in providing clean water to humanity in more than one ways -

It slows down flow of water on land surface thus preventing it reaching the oceans fast.

It takes ground water through roots to leaves of the tree and evaporates to make clouds for rains, and also attracts clouds for raining in the area of afforestation.

It prevents direct evaporation of water from land and when it gets evaporated through greenery, the process to productively beneficial to humanity.

Thus, water problem of humanity may be solved through -

 **Vast scale afforestation of the land. For this purpose land along roads and streets, rail tracks, water channels, and wastelands shall be made use of.**

 **Distributing the river waters into smaller channels spread all over the land, thus preventing it from going to the oceans.**

The Intellocracy is all out for these two solutions of water problem, the present humanity is suffering from.

Public Transport System

Transport of goods and passengers is key to human progress, so Intellocracy has a deep thinking on this sector based on the present experiences. Firstly, transportation of goods shall remain in private sector without any regulation of goods movements except for taxation purposes. However, passenger transport shall be revamped thoroughly.

Passenger transport in most of the developing and under-developed countries all over the globe is in a jeopardy forcing people to own their own vehicles for timely reaching their destinations. This costs heavily for the people individually and to the nation. Overcrowding of vehicles on the roads, due to too many personal vehicles, creates other problems of traffic management like traffic jams, etc. needing more attention on this crucial problem of human progress.

Key quality parameters for passenger traffic are timely availability of vehicles to willing passengers and reaching them within the prescribed durations at reasonable fares. These objectives of public transport are not being achieved under present dispensation of public/private sector involvements in this business for absence of a proper regulating mechanism. The Intellocracy is in favor of a strong regulation of privately owned passenger transport business  by the government. In the process all involvements of public sector corporations and government departments in the business shall be dismantled.

For regulatory purposes, every road shall have a bus stands at about 20 km intervals with momentary stoppages in between at 5 km intervals. The bus stands shall be constructed, maintained and operated by a government authority, say Road Passenger Traffic Regulatory Authority, and serve the purpose of regulating movements of passenger vehicles for public. Every passenger vehicle in public domain shall be registered at the authority and shall move under directions of bus-stand in-charges. This authority shall decide on frequency of vehicles, their reaching durations and their fares for their operations in-between consecutive bus-stands.

Apart from constructing, maintaining and operating bus stands, this regulatory authority shall also be responsible for constructing and maintaining roads in proper order and for recovering cost of road construction and maintenance, shall be the licensing authority for the public domain vehicles and collect road tax from their owners on annual basis. Thus, it shall be the only authority in the country for maintaining efficient passenger movements through roads in all its aspects.

Countering Religious Fanaticism

Intellocracy sees all human-beings just as humans and so is against labeling them on religious lines - Hindus, Muslims, Christians, etc. Further, Intellocracy is not against individuals having faith in some religion but is of strong view that faith is strictly a matter of the individual, and its social display in any way tarnishes images of the subject and object of faith. For this reason, Intellocracy provides full freedom to each individual within boundaries of his/her residence but puts him/her under a humanistic social discipline outside his/her residence.

With this purpose and belief, Intellocracy bans all public displays of religious faith through public functions and constructing public places devoted to faiths. However, inside their homes, the individuals shall be free to subscribe to any faith and follow any rituals. This is to save the humanity from onslaughts of religiously fanatic persons, who have been dividing the humanity and becoming causes of inter-person and inter-community conflicts. Even the longest war in the history of humanity has been fought between followers of Christianity and Islam, to offend faith of others and expand their own.

Due to spread of religions, socializing of persons gets polarized on religious lines through assemblies at religious places such as churches, temples, mosques, etc. This harms the society in two ways -

People get involved more deeply with their individual faiths and in the process reject faiths of all others. This causes building up of religious fanaticism in the society.

The polarization process prohibits working of free minds and mingling with each other to combat social evils raising their heads from time to time. As a result, social evils keep on flourishing engulfing the whole society.

With these observations, Intellocracy is of the view that all religious places be dismantled and converted to occasional social gatherings open to all members of the society. Further, enactment of a law in this regard shall prohibit public gatherings on religious lines and any such gathering shall be treated as a crime against humanity punishable with death sentence to the catalysts/organizers of such gatherings.

A faith is a process of believing in something without its logical support and verification and this happens when people are uneducated, problematic and densely networked thus having no time for thinking and drawing their own conclusions. Such people go by what others tell them to believe. This is taken advantage of by some unscrupulous members of the society to misguide the people in the name of faiths and religions. To curb this misguidance, Intellocracy accords top priority to properly educate people free of cost and develop a scientific temper in the people.

Section E: Struggle for a Changeover

## Section Contents

The Change, Inspiration and Strategy

Intellectuals and the Challenge

Organize for Struggle : Politics versus Intellectual Morality

The Change, Inspiration and Strategy

Intellocracy is a call of humanity to whosoever is able to listen to it and wake up from the slumber of democracy imposed on humanity including intellectuals who have no role in a democracy. They can't defeat te opportunists and capitalists now in-charges of all democracies of the world. It is time that they wake up for a change.

A war is waged from a position of strength and looking at te current voting patterns in democracies, intellectuals are te weakest in this game. So, they can not succeed by entering an enemy's forte without matching his/her resources which the intellectuals can never afford. So, participation in a democratic election by the intellectuals is of no use.

Democracy is a game of numbers having purely quantitative approach and no place for quality. Masses can never grant recognition to intellectuals and have never done so in the past. Therefore, the intellectuals must strive for a qualitative approach to governance of their nations. Since, this shall never be allowed by the democratic governments, intellectuals have to find some way to make a change. Such a change may be executed through a process called deconstruction.

# Deconstruction

When an organ of human body is damaged to the extent of its non-recovery, it has to cut out and thrown away. Democracies, particularly in under-developed and developing world, have reached such a stage where no remedial measures are workable. Deconstruction means destruction of the rotten existence and then rebuilding on morasses of it. In the process, losses are however painful but are unavoidable for a new dawn. At all beginnings, ends keep on waiting to arrive. The process of deconstruction is like a freedom struggle. This requires some inspirations from the past.

# Inspiration

Vishnu Gupta Chanakya, about 2300 years back, proved that intellect is more powerful than that of swords. He, along with his friend Chitra Gupta (Jesus Christ in disguise), his wife Luxmi (Mary Magdalene in disguise) and son Chandra Gupta, waged an intellectual war against emperor Mahapadmananda installed and supported by Alexander, and won the crown for his son.

If a few persons can win an empire where they are not free to move and speak openly, why not the present intellectuals in democracies of the world? Today, we have to wage a different type of war to win with certainty. Even India got freedom from British through an intellectual war against the tyrants.

# Who Wins

History of humanity is full of bloody and intellectual wars with each one pointing out who wins. I have some clues to offer -

Most of the wars are won by those who initiate them with preparations and catch defenders unawares.

A war for victory is waged from a position of strength and in the field of strength of the wager.

A war is won by self-confidence of fighters. More of it improves chances of victory.

Victory is achieved not by mere strength but by tactical use of it.

Intellectuals and the Challenge

In a society in transition, gains or losses to the people depend on the direction of change in relation to division of the society. For example, if a country is moving towards capitalism, capitalists of the country shall gain at the cost of others including intellectuals. But, if the society is unified or homogeneous, the gains or losses of the whole lot shall be the same. Democracy is designed for a unified society which keeps alive to making transitions in its favor. It wrongly presumes social homogeneity and uniform gains in the countries of its application. Unfortunately, most of the societies all over the globe are heterogeneous and so gains or losses of the people remain different for any direction of change or progress of the country.

Here, our concern is limited to role of intellectuals in a country. So we shall concentrate on intellectuals or so-called intellectuals of a nation. The world history points out two types of intellectuals - one, those working hard through their intellect for scientific and philosophical progress, and the other, those using their political and commercial warfare to take advantage of the progress made by the first group. Thus, the first group creates and the other exploits and enjoys. This is almost unavoidable because a philosopher can not be a politician and a scientist can not be commercial. Developed countries too have such groups but with better balance of give and take so the exploitation is minimal.

Another difference in developed and under-developed societies is that of civilization and culture. The former are generally civilized while the latter are cultured badly. The solution lies in the global society becoming civilized which need be worked out at two levels - individual and national. Anybody can exert to be civilized but he/she shall be a misfit in a badly cultured society of the nation. Therefore, the whole nation need be transformed from cultured frame of mind to the civilized frame of mind. This may not be possible in countries like India were poverty of body and mind is overpowering the people. They fail to act to break the shell of culture over their faces.

For countries like India, the change has to be enforced through an upheaval to intellectuo-philosophical governance of the nations. This shall restrict unbridled freedoms of some, in the beginning, until they get disciplined to the new order. This restraint on freedom to make the nation civilized is the most painful to those enjoying fruits of the current ill-cultured political exploitative society and they shall oppose it with all their might. These comprise a mere 10-15 percent of total population of a nation but are the most resourceful in wealth and political power.

Intellectuals, at the most 30 percent population of a nation, are working as economic managers of the country at grass-root level, but are suffering intellectually, economically and socially at the hands of 15 percent - those in power. Only these can afford to make a change. Whosoever, leads a nation in this psychological warfare at the initial stage, shall get support of common people suffering heavily due to current power imbalance, shall be the victor. The risk in the game is high but the gains are tremendous for the whole nation.

# Challenges before Intellectuals

In a society or nation under transition, gains and losses of people depend on direction of change in relation to the direction of progress of individuals or groups thereof. Intellectual's concern is about intellectual capital, or absence thereof, of people. So we differentiate the people on this basis.

World history highlights particularly two types of people - those working hard through their intellect to progress philosophically and scientifically, and those using their minds to up-surp the progress made by the first group through politics and warfare - psychological, mental and physical. The first group creates and the other group exploits and enjoys. This is almost unavoidable because a philosopher can not be a politician, or a scientist can't be a warrior. In societies that keep a balance of give and take between these two groups make real progress.

Solution to this lies in national upheaval for a change to intellectuo-philosophical governance of the nation, wherein some person's unbridled freedoms are restrained in the beginning, and gradually these restrains are removed as behavior patterns change to become normal, and ultimately providing full freedom to everyone with everybody adopting to civilized behavior.

Restraining freedom of some to provide freedom to every one is painful to those enjoying fruits of exploitative social structures. They are going to oppose it with all their mite. These comprise a mere of 10 to 15 percent of the population in distress but are more powerful politically and economically.

Masses are a exploited to a level of under-survival making them incapable of direct understanding the difference between political and philosophical approaches to governance. This makes them indifferent to a social upheaval and act in a way they are guided by those in power. It is the task of intellectuals to make them understand language of their exploited fates. They are to be told that they form the core of national economy as producing forces in agricultural fields and in factories. Such masses form about 60 percent population of such societies. They own a meager of 30 percent resources of the nation. This population and their resources are going to be almost dormant in an upheaval.

Out of the rest 40 percent, nearly 25 percent are economic managers of their nation. These are exploited intellectually, economically and socially by the rest 15 percent. It is this population of economic managers who can afford to exert for a change working intellectually. They own about 30 percent resources of the nation leaving the rest to the exploiters.

So, the fight becomes between 25 percent with 30 percent resources and 15 percent with 40 percent resources of the nation under upheaval. If the economic managers wage a psychological war against the exploiters, they shall slowly gain support of the normally dormant 60 percent exploited and voiceless people of the nation. Risk involved for initiators are high but the gains are tremendous for 85 percent population of the nation with losses to only 15 percent. of

# Intellectuals' Move to Gain Political Power

 Every nation has has a lot of intellectuals depending on educational development of the country. In the poorest of the nation, this may be around 25 percent or more. Out of these, some get linked to the country's governance and administration but a great majority is not valued by the democracies and they remain isolated and their intellect remains un-utilized in the progress of the country and well-being of the people. This population of intellectuals remain spread all over the nation from interior villages to the metropolitan cities, they are found engaged in almost all human endeavors, and they represent the widest spectrum of historical cultures of their respective countries. Their intellect quality and all-sector presence is not matched by any other population section of the country.

The intellectuals run the country's business to contribute to economy, serve the people in critical fields of education and health, judiciary and administration, work as scientists and technologists, contribute their mite to literature and culture, and provide manpower to arts and crafts, etc. In-spite of their invaluable contributions, they are not given due credit which is cornered by ruling politicians of the country. Thus, they suffer for exploitations by the politicians.

There are times in every democracy of the world, when politicians exploit muscle power of anti-social elements of the country to serve their political ends. This, over a course of time, comes to be realized by the musclemen and they themselves become politicians of the country and capture political power. This has happened in India.

On the similar lines of transfer of power from politicians to the musclemen, the intellectuals need to realize that it is they who are, in fact, contributing to the progress of the nation, and with this realization, they must capture political power in their respective countries in the interest of the country and her people. For this purpose, they are much more powerful, much more resourceful, much more in number, much more in intellect, much more self-reliant as compared to the ruling politicians of their countries.

The main problem of such a transfer of power is that the intellectuals remain divided on every issue. Some intellectuals remain in grip of the ruling politicians and work for them and contribute to process of governance and for raising economic level of the country. However, these economic gains are hijacked by the ruling politicians to their personal accounts through corrupt practice. With these gains only, the politicians keep in power. Thus, well-intentioned contributions of some intellectuals in governance makes enemies of intellectualism - politicians, more powerful who in turn keep on slaving the intellectuals in larger numbers and under more severe restrains than before. This needs a rethinking by the intellectuals in governance of a country.

Since, intellectuals know their people, their problems and solutions thereof better than the politicians, for their constant touch with the people through their works and intellectual halo effects. In many respects they are like the common people particularly in exploitation by the politicians. So, the people shall follow them instead of the politicians and shall be willing to transfer political power to them, provided the intellectuals dare to revolt against the politicians.

It is good to know own strengths, but it is better to know one's weaknesses too. The greatest weakness of intellectuals remains their general disinterest in power politics and their passivity in such a war of nerves against the politicians. Secondly, many of the intellectuals may find comforts in working for the politicians and strengthen them against other intellectuals.

Intellectualism, in general terms, means improving upon existing things, about which there may be many views, aspects and perceptions. Therefore, intellectuals very often differ with each other on every issue. Each one has confidence in his/her own perceptions, therefore does not agree with others. The solution lies in understanding each other's point of view. I have seen that writers seldom read works of other compatriot writers so don't understand each other's point of view. Secondly, their fields are widely diversified. For these reasons, intellectuals are not weaved in to a community and hence fail to work as front, needed for a movement like the Intellocracy.

Here one more thing clarification. Intellocracy is not merely a power game but an arrangement of conveniences and comforts with humanitarian angle, rather than political angle. It is not a dirty thing like the present field of power politics.

# Differences of Intellectuals and Their Overcoming

Intellectuals often differ with other on every issue just because they think and have opinions of their own while the ordinary persons agree, for the time being, with everything told to them. Therefore, even a difference with an intellectual is more valuable than a concurrence by an ordinary person.

Every individual is different from all others, so everyone's subjective thinking has to yield a different outcome provided he thinks. Intellectuals think, so they have subjective thinking and they tend to differ with others. This makes intellectuals coming to a common platform in favor of Intellocracy difficult but surely not impossible.

Intellectuals may tend to converge in their views in two ways. Firstly, principle of opinion convergence states that for a given problem, there exist only one unique the best solution. And anybody searching the best solution, shall reach the same solution, provided he/she continues thinking for the best. Democracies all over the world have been showing cracks and the best solution is the need of the time. Let all the intellectuals get to find the best solution and all of them shall get the same solution which may be some modified version of the proposed Intellocracy here.

Another way of convergence of views of intellectuals is that they isolate their views from their respective subjectivities and exert to adopt objective thinking for the interests of their respective nations. With this also, they shall reach the same solution the best in the interests of their respective nations.

Thus, we have a sure way of intellectualizing democracies all over the world, may be with local versions of Intellocracy. It is only a matter of time of realizations by the community of intellectuals.

Historically, only three things have been in the forefront of ruling a country - right, might and bluff. Might and bluff often get victorious but in every instance, they get replaced by the right - the way of intellectuals. Most of the democracies, particularly in the developing and under-developed world, are running on might and bluff. So these need be subjected to be right.

Organize for Struggle : Politics versus Intellectual Morality

In a national upheaval for establishing Intellocracy, struggle between the present politicians and the intellectuals of the country is imminent. Democratic politicians take people for a ride and people remain helpless in opposing their exploitation by the politicians. Only intellectual can come forward as saviors of the people and the nation. For this, the intellectuals have to be unified in-spite of their wide ideological differences. Various issues, they need to consider are discussed below -

# Objective and Process

Every intellectual has to realize that intentions of every other intellectual in the same boat are morally right for the nation and the society. They have the same objective of human happiness in their respective countries, but their processes of achieving that may be different. And this difference lies because very few study in detail their respective processes implications and their possible outcomes. For example, consider the case of Naxalites' violent ways in India. Whatever strength, moral courage and public support they may get, they shall never be able to succeed in winning of state powers, secondly through their violence they are killing common people they aim to serve, thirdly, in the process they lose their precious lives. If a detailed study is done, views of most of the intellectuals shall converge on a single process also like their only objective.

I have been working on this project for almost 20 years now but in-stead of plunging into any direct action, I have been working to develop this practicable political philosophy 'Intellocracy' with detailed study in writing for presentation before the people for consideration, discussion and modify if need be before taking any direct action for its implementation. Indeed such a study must have been carried out by some intellectuals during freedom struggles of respective countries.

# Organizational Structure

In every country or society, there come up a lot of organizations for social and national reforms, mostly pioneered by intellectuals of high caliber, integrity and pious intentions. Most of these organizations die before making any impact on the society or the nation for want of public support they need and expected. These intellectual pioneers of such organizations are found to be committing a common mistake.

A few persons get together, conceptualize and formalize an organization, distribute the organizational posts among themselves and then go to the people to get their support by becoming followers and ultimately fail. The right course should be to formalize an organization with flexibilities in ideology, constitution and procedures, go to the people for membership. On getting a considerable support of the people, all the members must be given an opportunity in electing office bearers of the organization. After that also, the expansion process must continue.

# Reconstitution

Intellocracy is the super-set of democracy but it has many radically different provisions of which humanism is at the core. Unlike democracy, all constituents are not treated equally by Intellocracy - their individual merits being considered for participation in governance of the nation. Unlike democracy, it does not conserve poverty in the society by providing free doles to poor people but provides opportunities to every individual to deserve an equality treatment by the state through education and hard work.

For such provisions, Intellocracy is widely different from democracy, therefore needs a new constitution for the country, outlines of which are provided on this blog for considerations, discussions, modifications and finally adoptions.

About the Author

Ram Bansal, the Theosoph

Ram Bansal is an Electrical Engineer by education and his profession for the first half of century of his lifetime. Learning to play with words has been the most favorite pastime of the author. These trained him to express concisely and to the point yet covering everything about the subject matter in hand. This implied diversion and distraction of mind to other unrelated matters.

Born and brought up in a politically conscious and freedom fighters family of India just after India's independence from British Empire, the author is a rebel by blood, hence a radical thinker. He loves to express himself and his views and opinions in written words. As a result, he has authored a dozen books on Engineering for the print media, writes on half a dozen blogs of his dealing with well-being through cultivation of psycho-health and social engineering.

Studies, experiences and researches of the author, coupled with his radical thinking practice, made him a determined Atheist. Preaching atheism is part of his social engineering practices.

To know him precisely, read the blog on his personal life -

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