>> 
BARB: So back to our subset here. Our challenge
now after we've preserved this list, either
in RefWorks or via email, is to do some critical
appraisal of our results. So what are the
characteristics we're looking for in the end?
We're going to try to find 3 really good articles
that we can use for our metanalysis, or for
our mentored research. Are we looking for
reader's digest? Scientific American? No,
we want scholarly, right? Scientist to scientists
discussion.
>> BARB: Do we want reviews? Do we want something
that synthesizes an idea and talks about the
idea? Or do we want primary literature? We
want primary. We need primary scientific reports.
Can someone define primary literature for
me?
>> BARB: Why don't you guys take your handouts
and grab your yellow sheets. You have a chart
that talks about primary research. So take
a minute to familiarize yourself with these
characteristics of what primary research is
and also what secondary research is. You're
going to need to indentify what primary research
is and sometimes that's easiest to do by determining
if its not secondary.
>> BARB: Just do a quick scan of the title
and the abstract, and try and take note of
the characteristics of the research in the
abstract and match it to the characteristics
on the sheet. Is this research primary research
that you could use for your proposal?
>> LAURA: So we decided together that Yes,
this is Primary Research. So anyone who answered
yes, can you tell me why. What tipped you
off that this article is Primary Research?
>>STUDENT: There was experimental data in
the abstract.
>> LAURA: Yes, exactly. So looking at the
record here, we have the basic citation information
here. This would help us cite the paper, right,
but doesn't help us decide if it is primary
research. What you really want to look for
is looking through the abstract. Usually the
abstract will tell you, but sometimes it is
still a little bit uncertain and you'll have
to look at the article itself. In this case
when I read through the abstract one indication
here - they talk about clinical trials. So
they are drawing on research. And then if
we look at the second sentence here, they
talk about what they actually did to study
this issue. So it is clear from this sentence
that the authors, the people writing this
paper, are the ones conducting the study.
And then they go on and they report all this
different data that they collected. So what
they exposed these gentlement to - they had
them drink 6 cups of green tea daily - what
they actually found as far as levels of this
EGCG that was found in prostate tissue. So
they report their results as well. So it is
really reading through that research will
help you decide that it is researchers who
actually did this research and then wrote
this article to detail what they found. So
this helps me decide that, yeah, this article
 - just by looking at the abstract - I can
already see that there is a lot of numerical
data as well. So this article definitely has
some of that numerical data you guys can harvest
for the spreadsheet you need to make.
>> LAURA: So I want to go ahead and have you
guys look at Record 2. And its going to be
the same question - so deciding whther or
not record 2 is primary research.
>> LAURA: No, this is not primary research.
So what tipped you off? How did you know this
was not primary research?
>>STUDENT: It says at the bottom that it is
a review.
>> LAURA: Exactly. So for this article entry
in this database, it acutally has a field
called literature type. And that tells us
it is a literature review. So, right away
we know it is not primary research. The people
who wrote this article did not do the research.
They looked at a bunch of other people's studies
and then reviewed them for this article. You
won't always have this field, though. So when
you're looking at database records, it won't
always say what the literature type is. The
other way that I know is that when I actually
look through this abstract the very last sentence
actually tells you, "This REVIEW will provide
an update..." So it actually tells you this
is a review.
