let us learn about Archimedes' screw .
The Archimedes' screw, also called the Archimedean
screw or screwpump, is a machine historically
used for transferring water from a low-lying
body of water into irrigation ditches.
Water is pumped by turning a screw-shaped
surface inside a pipe.
The Archimedes screw consists of a screw (a
helical surface surrounding a central cylindrical
shaft) inside a hollow pipe.
The screw is usually turned by windmill, manual
labor, cattle, or by modern means, such as
a motor.
As the shaft turns the bottom end scoops up
a volume of water.
This water is then pushed up the tube by the
rotating helicoid until it pours out from
the top of the tube.
The contact surface between the screw and
the pipe does not need to be perfectly watertight,
as long as the amount of water being scooped
with each turn is large compared to the amount
of water leaking out of each section of the
screw per turn.
If water from one section leaks into the next
lower one, it will be transferred upwards
by the next segment of the screw.
In some designs, the screw is fused to the
casing and they both rotate together, instead
of the screw turning within a stationary casing.
The screw could be sealed to the casing with
pitch resin or other adhesive , or the screw
and casing could be cast together as a single
piece in bronze.
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