It all started with the big bang! Bang!
Hi! I am Mike Marin and in this video
we'll talk about the difference between
Probability and Odds
using the Big Bang Theory and
a Sheldon fail
as a prompt for our discussion. 
While we tend to use the words
probability and odds interchangeably
in everyday's conversation,
mathematically they're not the 
same thing.
Let's have Sheldon demonstrate the
incorrect use of
the term Odds for us!
-Okay! Guys go ahead and 
divide yourselves in to teams of two!
-Should we just do couples?
-Couples sounds great
or we can mix things up,
maybe pick names out of a hat, whatever!
-Oh, do you want to be on my team?
-Maybe pick names out of a hat?
-Close the door, so they can't hear us.
- Would you stop pouting?
so you picked my name, get over it!
- Yes, and do you know what the Odds are
I'd pick your name?
-no
-it's not hard,
1 in 5, now you know why I am pouting!
Now, let's talk about Sheldon's mistake
here we had six people 
who would be formed into teams of 2
by drawing names randomly 
from a hat!
Sheldon is one of them and 
there are five other people
who could potentially be paired up with him.
Given that all individuals are
equally likely to be selected as
Sheldon's teammate,
the probability that Sheldon
ends up with Penny as a teammate 
is 1 out of 5
or 1 in 5.
We can write this as P and in brackets
"Pick Penny" equals 1 over 5.
Now, the Odds of some event occurring are a
ratio of the probability or rate of occurrences
over top of the probability or rate
of non-occurances.
Therefore the Odds of Sheldon
ending up with Penny
as a teammate is equal to 
the probability of
ending up with Penny
over top of the probability
of not ending up with Penny:
Which is 1 over 5
divided by 4 over 5.
This is reported
as the Odds of ending up with Penny 
being 1 to 4!
1 occurrence for every 4 
non-occurances!
For every time that Sheldon ends up 
with Penny as a teammate
there will be 4 times that 
he does not end up with Penny as a teammate.
Probability and Odds are very
much related to one another
but they are not the same thing. 
What do you think of that Sheldon?
-Yes, yes!
my brain is better than everybody's!
oops!
well everyone makes mistakes sometimes
we still love you Sheldon!
With a big bang, BANG!
