Space. Hostile, yet beautiful. A haven for
the countless worlds that populate its
vastness. It beckons us to venture from
the safety of our home and to explore
the mysteries of the universe since
humans have walked the earth
we've gazed up at the distant stars
illuminating our night sky we've dreamed
about the mysteries that lie among those
stars before we can explore them we
first must face a test of our own
endurance during a manned flight to the
outer solar system join me as we
discover Saturn in this orbiter 2016
video series
hello there welcome to this new orbiter
2016 video series I'm Tex and I'll be
your host throughout this video series
so I'm very excited to bring this one to
you we're gonna be churning out to
Saturn and there's gonna be a lot of
unique challenges along the way let me
first begin by giving a special thanks
to Dimitri he has spent a lot of time
really helping me out with some of the
challenges that we'll be facing in this
mission so his expertise and his
guidance has been absolutely invaluable
so a big thank you to him this series
would definitely not have been possible
without him so thanks to him I'm able to
bring this series to you guys and we're
actually talking about doing a joint
video a type of series or flight
together that you know in the future we
can perhaps share with you guys so with
all of that said this is going to be
episode zero and we're not actually
going to get off the ground in this
episode we're going to do a lot of
planning and we're going to be putting
some data and spreadsheets and whatnot
so if you're not really interested in
this side of things then you might want
to wait for episode 1 where we will
actually be launching the dragon on top
of a falcon 9 and that is going to be
used to get our crew members up to
deepstar which is sitting in Earth orbit
about 400 kilometers in altitude just
waiting for the crew to get there and so
we can get out to Saturn so what we're
gonna do is I've actually done a little
a little bit of well I've done quite a
bit of pre-planning before recording
this and I did that just because there
was so much to do with a flight like
this that you really have to sort of
plan some things in advance instead of
just going off the cuff and I wanted
want it to really showcase you know some
some unique challenges that you can face
when you want to do particular flights
like this
but basically the justices that we're
going to we're going to get out to
Saturn and when we get there we want to
encounter Titan and get an orbit around
Titan that's going to be our first real
destination now to make the flight a
little bit more interesting I wanted to
also use a slingshot past Jupiter so I
figured this would be interesting
because it would give us a chance to
sort of have a flyby at Jupiter and we
can you know enjoy the views as we pass
Jupiter instead of just going straight
from Earth to Saturn now there of course
is the option of you know minimizing
delta v at all cost and we could do
something like slinging the earth twice
or Venus and working our way through the
inner solar system until we could
eventually get out to Saturn
now the reason I'm not doing that
because this is supposed to be a manned
flight so we sort of have to balance the
total flight days with the Delta V were
actually going to be expending now if a
real manned flight was going out to
Saturn obviously they're not going to be
able to sling around the inner planets
forever the they need to get out there
because we do have limited resources now
unfortunately with the deep star that's
all week we don't actually have limited
resources when it comes to LOX for
example it just doesn't simulate that
like the Aero freighter or the XR series
so that side of it is a little bit of a
bummer but we're still going to
calculate our flight time days in the
same manner that we would if we had to
worry about LOX also the deep star has
like a stupid amount of Delta velocity
so we're not going to fill the tank up
completely on deep start we're going to
we're only going to take what we need
we'll have probably more than we need in
the end but we're we're only going to
take what we think we're going to need
or close to that okay so with that said
the first thing because I want to do a
slingshot past Jupiter it does
complicate the planning a little bit
because it's not as simple as just
finding a launch window to Jupiter which
you know occurs pretty frequently but
when you want to sling I'm
sorry to Saturn but when you want to
slingshot past another planet in this
case Jupiter then we need to find a
launch window that gets us to Jupiter at
the right time so that we can slingshot
past Jupiter over to Saturn okay now
what I'm going to use is a website here
the NASA Ames Research Center trajectory
browser and this is going to allow me to
find a launch window where we can set up
a sling and this is helpful because if
you just go into transacts totally blind
looking for slings it can it can be
frustrating and take a lot of time so in
the interest of saving time I'm going to
use this website I'll put a link to this
in the description below if you'd like
to check it out so we'll start by going
to trajectory planner and we'll uncheck
any OHS on the custom list I've already
done this so it should be auto filled
guess not we're going to put in Jupiter
and Saturn just show you guys how to use
this the mission type is gonna be a
round-trip and rendezvous for the launch
year let's start with our current year
2017 and for the and okay for the launch
year we're going to search for a range
of acceptable launchers between 2017 and
let's just say 2030 now the max duration
of the mission because it is a manned
flight we want to keep it somewhat
realistic so nothing over 10 years so
let's put in 10 years there and for max
Delta V in order to increase our chances
of finding a trajectory we're going to
put in something like 17 kilometers per
second we will stick with minimizing
Delta V but we could choose the minimize
duration but we'll stick to the
minimizing the Delta V option and we're
going to hit search now it's it's come
up with a couple of different options
here and the one that I'm actually going
to go with is this one right here the
bottom one you'll see the top one is
actually the route here is actually we
would depart earth come back around
slingshot past earth out to Jupiter
slingshot past Jupiter
and then Jupiter back to earth I'm not
sure I put in Jupiter and Saturn right
so I'm not sure actually why this plan
came up that's the first time that's
happened but obviously we wouldn't pick
that one because it doesn't take us to
Saturn but if you look at the one below
it we have departing Earth slingshot
Jupiter arrived at Saturn and then
coming home Saturn straight back to
earth it also tells you some data here
which this is what's really important to
us earth departure January 18 2018 so
the current date as of recording this
video is September 6 2017 so it's kind
of cool that our departure from Earth is
in the near future
and then you have destination arrival at
Saturn September 29 2023 so that's a lot
of a lot of years to get out there but
not as many as it'll take to get back
destination departure is January 19 20
24 and then earth return is January 14
2028 so we're looking at stay time a
hundred and twelve days at Saturn so
that gives us just shy of four months I
believe so there should be enough time
for us to explore some moons and I think
after four months it is probably pretty
realistic and feasible to expect that
the crew would be returning back to
earth it's unfortunate that most of the
mission duration is going to be spent
traversing the solar system but this is
the way it works when you go to the
outer solar system so you can see our
total mission duration is just shy of 10
years I'm not going to concern myself
too much about the the Delta V that is
shown here because what we find in our
plan on trans x is going to vary from
this this just gives us you know an idea
of when the launch date occurs so most
importantly what we get from this is the
alignment of the planets for the sling
so if we click on view you can see that
of course the Sun is in the center earth
is right here this is Jupiter's orbit
and then Saturn's orbit here is
Jupiter's location and here is Saturn's
location as
of the launch date so if you actually
hit play you'll see our spacecraft
departs the Earth Coast out to Jupiter
slingshots Jupiter right there and then
we Coast for quite a while longer out to
Saturn we encounter Saturn here and then
there's a brief gap where we are staying
at Saturn for almost four months it was
and then we depart Saturn here and head
straight back to earth so this is a
really cool planner that you can use it
takes the guesswork out of finding a
launch window okay what I'm gonna do is
go ahead and calculate our transics
plans now I have already done this just
to save time because there is so much
stuff that we need to cover in this part
of the video but I will explain what I
did so that you guys if you want to try
and set up your plan on your own you can
and I didn't mention but I will I will
be including scenarios for this entire
series for you guys to follow along with
okay so the first thing I'm going to do
is hop into the glass cockpit and this
is a scenario that I use that just has
the Delta glider sitting on the runway
at Cape Canaveral and is the only vessel
in the scenario and it uses the current
date and time again I said it was a
September 6th of 2017 now I have this
vessel here on earth
I also want to put one I'm going to
create another Delta glider let's call
it GL - OH - and I'm gonna put this one
on Saturn so that we can calculate our
return so let's put Saturn there we go
whoops I forgot to put the landing gear
down but oh there you go we're already
at Saturn series over just kidding
okay so let's leave that guy there and
we're back here on earth that was really
quick
let's open up trans X here okay now the
first thing of course you want to do is
go to escape and hit forward and then
the planets are listed in order of their
massa belief so smallest to
so since we're going to Jupiter first if
you go backwards should be the first one
there we'll hit veer to go to the eject
plan on this side we're gonna go forward
forward to stage three
let's change graph projection to focus
and hit view for the encounter view now
again I've already calculated the flight
plan from Earth to Jupiter with the
sling to Saturn because that that really
takes the most amount of time so what
I'm going to do is just input what I
found in here now one thing that you can
do if you're not familiar with
tranzact's is you can go to adjust and
choose the auto men option for all of
your variables so you have pro-grade
eject date outward and change plane if
you do that it will find a plan for you
something similar to the way the target
intercept program works with IMF D so if
you're not familiar with that that's
something you can do all right so what
I'm going to do is just put in my the
data that I got so we're going to hit
enter and looking at my notes it is nine
thousand six hundred and ninety three
meters per second and pro-grade and then
we will go to the date and our ejection
date should be five eight one three four
point one four zero eight very good now
we will go to outward and let's hit
enter outward was only a hundred and
five meters per second and finally we
will go to the plane change here and
that's going to be negative four hundred
and seventy three point nine meters per
second okay and you can see here is our
arrival at Jupiter now we're not worried
about setting up a super close approach
or anything like that because we are
slingshotting Jupiter out to Saturn so
we're not going to mess around with
doing the encounter here let me just go
to forward here and hit view and we're
gonna change here to escape again hit
forward we're gonna go back and select
Saturn and hit view to go to the sling
direct view now let's go forward again
to the final stage our encounter let me
change this one to
graph projection there this graph
projection focus press view and we are
at the encounter view okay now all that
essentially needs to happen here is you
can see that here okay the Sun is in the
center this inner red circle I'm sorry
the the red circle out here is Jupiter's
orbit and then the outer red circle so I
guess the inner red circle is Jupiter's
orbit the outer red circle of Saturn's
orbit here is this line right here
indicating where Jupiter currently is
and this red line here is indicating
where Saturn currently is now our
trajectory is actually going to take us
with an intercept here with Jupiter so
we would actually intercept with Jupiter
right here and then we would slingshot
past Jupiter and we need to arrive at
Saturn somewhere over here now you can
see the the dashed lines here this
dashed line here is indicating this is
where Saturn as of now if I don't change
anything this is where Saturn currently
would be when we got out to Saturn's
orbit however we would actually be way
over here so the idea behind a slingshot
is that you change the angle of your
trajectory so that you can swing past
one planet out to another one so you're
essentially just changing the angle of
your your trajectory in orbit around the
Sun you're not actually increasing your
velocity per se so what we need to do is
we're going to inherit the velocity
which is chosen by default we're going
to change to the outward angle variable
and we're going to just increase that
and you'll notice that as I'm doing that
that's bringing our our hypothetical
position here it's swinging its swinging
our hypothetical orbit and our position
here over to where Saturn will be at
that time so we want those lines to be
overlapped so we're just going to keep
doing this and you'll notice that the
closest approach is coming down we do
have an encounter in hell because Saturn
is so massive we're 51
million kilometers away from Saturn with
this encounter but it is an encounter
but we want something closer than that
so I'll keep increasing this and we've
got a much closer encounter now now
again I've already calculated this to
save time but one thing I will show you
before I input the the angle that
already came up with it's already pretty
close as it is but if I go back to stage
3 and you change view make sure view is
not on set up you want view on slingshot
it's already pretty darn close but the
important thing that you want to see
here when you're setting up the
slingshot past Jupiter is you want
relative inclination on 0 and you want
PE ratio on 1 or as near to 1 as you can
get it so this is probably close enough
to 1 but we're just going to put in what
I've already calculated so if we
actually set that view up here and go to
this view let's manually input the
outward ankle which was 60 point 1 3 4 4
degrees
nope we need to delete all of that 60
point 1 3 4 4 degrees and the angle was
only 0.1000
ok now you can see that PE ratio is now
basically on one relative inclination is
pretty much on zero so if I go forward
to the last stage encounter you can see
that we have now have a minimum altitude
of 12,000 kilometers above Saturn that's
nice and low now of course we are going
to actually encounter Titan technically
that's going to be our first destination
but that's going to involve well that's
going to that's going to involve a
little bit of planning and we'll see
that in a moment
but with this we have the data that we
need to fill in our spreadsheet so let's
go to stage 2 here and let's go to stage
3 here let's go to the setup view and
we're going to input the data from our
plan here into our spreadsheet just for
reference
and also to calculate our Delta V for
the entire flight so let me pull up the
spreadsheet that I have okay alright so
beginning at the top the estimated plane
changed before ejection I don't I'm not
gonna be able to put something in there
yet because we of course are sitting on
the earth right now in this Delta glider
when we calculated this plan but we are
going to be using the deepstar which is
currently in Earth orbit so there is
going to be a plane change necessary in
order to get deepstar aligned with the
plan with the inclination for the plan
so we will calculate that when the time
comes but until we get a deepstar we're
going to leave that blank the parking
orbit is around 400 kilometers is where
deep star is currently orbiting okay so
now the ejection date we're going to get
the injection date the encounter date
pro-grade velocity outward plane change
and counter velocity we're going to get
all of this information from trans x
here so you can see here is the
pro-grade velocity here is the eject
date
it's just cycling through the variables
here is our outward velocity here is our
change plane velocity over here we have
the encounter velocity encounter the
encounter date image in mjd format also
here make a note of this on the bottom
it has total flight base is five hundred
and eighty four point three days and
then total Delta velocity is listed here
on the bottom and this will be
automatically calculated in the
spreadsheet so these numbers should be
the same and the spreadsheet as they are
here or else if they're not we have a
problem so let me go back to the
spreadsheet and let's input this data so
beginning with the eject date that was
five eight one three four point one four
oh eight so five eight one three four
point one four zero eight we want to
make sure we get those dates right the
encounter date was
five eight seven one eight point four
six seven one okay our pro great
velocity for the plan is nine thousand
six hundred and ninety three meters per
second our outward velocity I believe it
was 105 yes it was that's 105 meters per
second not very much and our plane
change velocity is negative four hundred
and seventy three point nine meters per
second encounter velocity this is at
Jupiter of course was ten thousand seven
hundred and fifty meters per second okay
so this is what's Auto calculated the
total Delta V that was given to us on
the bottom of trans X it's shown as 9700
five and change meters per second and
the the total flight days was 584 so if
we take a look it trans X that is
exactly the same so that looks good now
this number here the injection start
we're starting with this one the
injection Delta V this is different from
the total Delta V from the plan so this
is the injection Delta V from our
parking orbit at 400 kilometers and
altitude so if we take a look at trans x
stage one here you can see Delta V right
here this is the injection Delta V
however we're sitting on the ground here
at Earth so this is not actually
accurate the number on the spreadsheet
is gonna be more accurate so let's go
back to our spreadsheet and let's see so
that takes care of our our initial plan
from Earth to Jupiter but now let's put
in some data for the sling so we want to
take a look and put in our sling
periapsis mjd so the date that we reach
periapsis at jupiter the encounter date
at saturn the outward angle number
inclination angle number this is really
just for reference the p EPL radius pe
velocity so our encounter velocity at
Saturn our captured Delta V it's at
in our delta-v to circularize our orbit
around Saturn so let's go over to trans
X again and let's go forward here hit
view on that side and let's go to the
final stage here and this is where we're
going to get some of this data so we
have the PE mjd is here on this side we
can get the things like the PE velocity
capture Delta circular circular Roy's
god I hate that word
the circularization Delta is here so
we're going to get all of that
information to put in the spreadsheet
there but the P EPL radius is actually
here press view there it is right here
so it shows it's fourteen point six two
now I believe I may be mistaken on this
but I believe that this is telling us
the distance that we're actually going
to pass Jupiter for the slingshot and I
believe this is referring to how many
Jupiter radiuses we will be away so I
think this is saying fourteen point six
to Jupiter radiuses away from Jupiter so
if that's correct
basically it's not going to be like a
super close path by Jupiter it's gonna
be close Jupiter is gonna be going to
have a nice view of Jupiter but we're
not going to be passing like right by
the atmosphere or some really crazy low
altitude or anything like that so and I
believe that will cover everything that
we need to input in here so let's go
back to the spreadsheet and let's put
this information in so the the sling PE
mjd was five eight seven one three point
five two one nine again I'm getting that
from right here you can see this is
Jupiter and this is our slingshot past
Jupiter right there so okay and then the
encounter mjt at Saturn which we'll just
take the PE the PE periapsis mjd was
five nine four OH three point
it's 87-69 5.4 Oh 3.87 69 yes okay and
then the outward angle which we can get
from stage four was sixty point one
three four four degrees and the
inclination angle was zero point one
zero zero zero
I believe it was yes it was okay degrees
and the P EPL radius was fourteen point
six two our PE velocity at Saturn was
thirty-five thousand three hundred and
ten meters per second captured Delta
2527 meat no just kidding two thousand
five hundred and twenty seven meters per
second there we go the Delta V two
circular eyes the orbit is twelve
thousand one hundred and thirty meters
per second
yes that's correct wow that's a lot of
Delta V okay and then we have the total
flight days here from Jupiter to Saturn
so here is from Earth to Jupiter and
Jupiter to Saturn so I'm just because I
have the total mission duration days
down here it's not being calculated
correctly yet because we haven't put in
the days here for Saturn to earth but if
I just do 584 plus six ninety divided by
365 because my math sucks that's three
point four nine years from Earth to
Saturn okay and all right so that takes
care of our trip out to Saturn let's hop
over back into orbiter here and let's go
to our glider on the surface of Saturn
and all right the first thing is
our encounter at Saturn is five nine
four OH three point eight seven six nine
let me just take a look when is that
that's five nine nope just kidding' mjd
five nine encounter five nine 403 just
call it 0.8 god I hate when I do that I
don't know why I do that okay five nine
four OH three point eight so that is
July 8th of 2021 and taking a look at
the trajectory planner let's just see
what it was
destination arrival was September 29 of
2023 so we're actually getting there way
earlier is that right five nine let's go
back here to our plan
so Saturn encounter five nine four OH
three five nine four OH three so that is
that is correct okay well so we're
getting there earlier than the plan that
we found on the NASA Ames website so
again we want to make sure that we have
our mission total mission duration at 10
years or less regardless it was
estimating 112 days at Saturn okay so if
we go back to orbiter here and
all right let's go to escape forward
we're gonna go to earth I guess I'll
just start we'll put in some negative
pro-grade velocity of course we need to
go down to Earth's orbit there we'll
just start with something like that and
let's go to the eject date and let's
enter 5 let's enter the the encounter
date so we we don't start before that
date so our encounter date at Saturn was
5 9 403 yeah five nine four OH three
point eight zero zero this close enough
okay so starting at our encounter date
so that we ensure that we don't try and
go back to earth before we even get to
Saturn let's see what we can come up
with here now I did already calculate
this plan however I think I was in orbit
around Saturn when I calculated this so
if I put the variables in that I already
calculated it's not going to be correct
let's just put in I'm just gonna put in
the the data from the previous plan that
I already calculated instead of this one
because again we're not going to be
sitting on the surface of Saturn when
we're calculating this plan so let's uh
yeah let's just go ahead and do that
because we're already running pretty
long in the video here okay so just let
me double check the dates here eject was
five nine five Oh 6.0 and Earth
encounter six one seven nine three point
nine I said to double-check that cuz
that that is a lot of days but there you
go okay so I believe that's everything
yeah the only thing as far as Delta V
goes were we have not been able to input
this yet because again we'll have to do
that once we get up to deep star so that
will impact our total Delta V here but
you can see we have the mission total
Delta V this is as close as we can get
right now that number will be affected
by how much Delta V it's going to take
to align our R to bring down our
relative inclination with the
but I'm planning on doing a maneuver
that's going to minimize that so
hopefully it doesn't take a whole lot
the other thing is that we need to
calculate the Titan the moon orbital
insertion Delta V and the total
estimated Delta V for our mid-course
Corrections so just off the top of my
head for mid-course Corrections I'm
gonna estimate I don't know just to be
safe let's estimate 300 m/s I've really
don't think it's gonna take that much
but let's just be safe there and then we
will come back to this in just a minute
but what we're looking at here below
that this is pretty accurate according
to what we what we've calculated so far
so we're right at the 10-year mark
so we're within what we have planned on
hitting so that is good news that's
three and here's the day's 3,650 nine
days 10.0 three years so everything
there looks good now what we need to
calculate before we wrap up this part
and start the flight actually is we need
to calculate the our arrival at at Titan
so there is another spreadsheet and this
is a big thanks to Dmitriy by the way
this spreadsheet here came from David I
modified it quite a bit here but thanks
to David for sharing his his spreadsheet
for calculating num I think it was for
going from Earth to Mercury but I was
able to make it work for for our
purposes but a big thank you for - David
Courtney for sharing that spreadsheet
with me and also a huge thanks to
Dimitri for helping me out with
everything he did and this this
spreadsheet here is gonna be really
useful for our arrival at Titan and that
is going to be our goal so beginning at
the top we're gonna go to select the
arrival planet that's gonna be Saturn
let me just move this over here didn't
move for you guys but it did for me it's
just easier to look at it on the monitor
in front of me and then the arrival moon
is gonna be Titan so Titan where are you
there you are
okay now we need to input some data in
the green fields here so what we're
going to be doing is we're going to
calculate three different options for
arriving at Saturn so beginning with
there's a there's a single burn option
there's a to burn option and a three
burn option now before we complete this
spreadsheet let's take a look at what
those are so the single burn solution is
the simplest of the three strategies
using only one burn the moon orbit
insertion burn to achieve our goal other
than simplicity this method has the
advantage of not adding any flight time
to our journey since the time we arrived
at the moon periapsis is also the time
we arrive at planet periapsis useful for
almost every case where you have a big
moon orbiting a huge planet the Delta V
requirement Rises with the encounter
velocity and the relative inclination so
you can see again dmitri huge thinks he
he put together these graphics I mean
the guy is just amazing but you can see
we have the Sun here and we would be
coming out here to Saturn in this
example and here would be our arrival at
the moon that's orbiting Saturn here and
then here is our burn to get an orbit
around that moon it's pretty
straightforward basically you encounter
the moon as you approach Saturn so in
this case again we're trying to go to
Titan so as we approach Saturn we would
basically set it up so we encountered
Titan and then we would do a burn by
Titan to get an orbit around Titan so
that's going to involve a huge burn
because we need to basically get
captured by Saturn and in effect but
also get an orbit around Titan so this
this is one strategy that we will
consider the other one is a to burn
solution so this one is a little bit
more complicated in this solution we
take advantage of the Oberth effect to
minimize the Delta V required to arrive
at our target moon we perform a burn as
close as we can to the planet to get
captured and lower our apoapsis altitude
at the moon's orbital altitude if time
correctly we arrive at apple abscess at
the same time as the moon then we
perform a sec
burned four orbit insertion so basically
this option is you know is explained you
can see clearly from the graphics we
would be coming in like this and in the
center would be Saturn and this is
titans orbit around Saturn so we would
come in like this for a really low pass
by setter and taking advantage of the
Oberth effect we would do a retrograde
burn just above Saturn's atmosphere and
that would basically get us both
captured by Saturn and we would keep
burning into our orbit altitude our
apoapsis altitude matched the altitude
of titans orbit and if we time it right
when we coast from periapsis here by
saturn up to our apoapsis Titan and us
will arrive there at the same time so
then here we are arriving at Titan we do
another burn here at Titan just to get
an orbit around Titan so this option is
uh is certainly something we should
consider and the final one is a three
burn option so this one is once again
taking advantage of the Oberth effect to
minimize delta v we perform the burn as
close as we can to the planet to get
captured we lower our apoapsis at a
pre-selected high altitude so in this
example we would do a burn here by
Saturn but we would have a really high
really high apoapsis but still within
Saturn's SOI so we would do the burn
here just above Saturn's atmosphere
Coast way high up here to our Apple
abscess come back down this direction
and I'm sorry we would do the first burn
here and then we would Coast way high up
here to our Apple abscess and do another
burn here and that would set up our
encounter on this side with Titan so
this one is probably the most
complicated obviously of the three
options but that is one one of the
things that we can we can choose so
let's go to our spreadsheet and let's
take a look at the Delta velocity
required for all three of these options
and also the the additional time of
flight days that it's going to add
because that's something we need to
consider we need to sort of balance
how much delta-v it's going to take and
how many extra days it would take for
these options over here we have some
basic data on Saturn you can see the SOI
strong SOI and distance away from Saturn
the moon's distance so in this case is
titans distance in titans orbital period
is fifteen point nine five days in order
for it to complete one orbit around
Saturn okay so from our data in orbiter
what we need to input is from our
encounter view here we need the
encounter velocity the relative
inclination with the moon and the
parking orbit altitude so our encounter
velocity with Saturn is thirteen
thousand one hundred and twenty so let's
put that in here let's go to our
spreadsheet so thirteen thousand one
hundred and twenty meters per second
alright now we need to know the relative
inclination with the moon if we take a
look at here we can see our arrival at
Saturn so our inclination is
twenty-eight point zero five so we need
to calculate this so let's go we have
our inclination is here let's our
inclination is here at our arrival at
Saturn and our longitude of the
insetting node is there we also need to
know what what Titans is so I believe we
go to orbit reference sorry I'm just
trying to remember all of this dmitri
showed me the other day and i think i
have it but it's just taking my brain a
little bit to process at all but yes we
can see titans inclination is here in
the longitude of the ascending node is
here so in the spreadsheet in that we're
going to calculate the relative
inclination from what our inclination in
the longitude of the sending node is at
our arrival at Saturn and what Titans
inclination and longitude of the sending
node is so let's go to our spreadsheet
and let's put those numbers in so our
inclination was
our inclination and arrival will be
twenty eight point zero five and our
longitude of the ascending node at
arrival is 132 point six and Titans
inclination is twenty seven point six
nine and it's longitude of the ascending
node is 169 point one zero so that's a
relative inclination of sixteen point
eight four so let's put that in here
sixteen point eight for now our parking
orbit at Titan it has really thick
atmosphere and if I'm not mistaken the
atmosphere goes up to like five hundred
kilometers so let's put a parking orbit
at six hundred kilometers okay now for
the to burn solution we would do we
would do that at just above the
atmosphere of Saturn so that should be
three thousand kilometers Saturn's
atmosphere cuts off at 2900 kilometers
so let's do the burn at three thousand
kilometers and then for the three burn
solution the really high apoapsis it
needs to be within the strong SOI of
Saturn now we can play around with this
number and see how it will affect both
the Delta V and the time of flight days
so this the furthest we could go out
would be around twenty four million
kilometers so let's put in two four zero
zero zero zero zero zero so taking a
look at our strategy here if we do the
single burn method so in other words if
we basically encounter Titan as soon as
we get to Saturn and just do a burn at
Titan forgetting about dropping down to
Saturn and all of that that's going to
take eight thousand six hundred and
ninety four meters per second in order
to do that burn so in order to basically
encounter Saturn get captured by I'm
sorry encounter Titan get captured by
Titan and get into orbit around Titan
now compare that with a to burn solution
the total Delta velocity is actually
quite a bit less 6000 149 days so
basically the first burn we would do at
3,000 kilometers above Saturn's surface
so it's what just just barely above
Saturn's atmosphere but that maximizes
the Oberth effect so that first burn
basically is just a capture burn and
brings our Apple APS's down to the
altitude of titans orbit we're looking
at three thousand two hundred and
fifteen meters per second and then the
second burn to when we arrive at Titan
to get an orbit around Titan is another
two thousand nine hundred and thirty
three meters per second so that's a
total of six thousand one hundred and
forty nine meters per second that's
quite a bit less now the downside is
that it adds three point zero three days
to our flight time that's not really a
lot of time so considering the delta v
savings I'm favoring this to burn
solution however let's take a look at
the three burn solution now this will
vary depending on how high we set that
out apple abscess again if we take a
look at the way that works you're coming
in here you do a burn right above
Saturn's atmosphere and then you Coast
up to a really high apoapsis you do
another burn here to set up an encounter
on the other side at Titan now how high
this apoapsis goes will affect both the
delta v that it's going to take and the
time of flight so if we go back to our
calculator we want it to be within the
strong SOI of Saturn and that's within
it's that's within twenty four million
four hundred and fifty seven thousand
four hundred forty kilometers or less
now I put it at twenty four million and
you can see that the Delta V is four
thousand two hundred and seventeen
meters per second so that's way less
than the one burn solution and it's less
than the to burn solution however it
adds five hundred and twelve days and
that's just not going to cut it because
remember we were looking at maybe just
over a hundred days at Saturn so that's
just not going to work so if we bring
this down to say ten million
that would be 10 million that reduces it
to 146 days and our Delta V goes up to
45 18 that's still too long just for
grins let's try five million so five
million takes another 57 days but it is
less Delta V than the tuber and solution
so really I think our best option here
considering its a manned flight we need
to sort of balance the time of flight
base with the Delta V we're gonna do the
to burn solution so we're looking at
6000 149 m/s total Delta velocity for
our arrival at Saturn and orbital
insertion around Titan so we need to put
that in our spreadsheet 61-49 so that
goes here 61 49 okay and so that's been
adjusted so our spreadsheet is done for
the moment the last thing that we will
input is the plane change burn here for
deepstar again that will come later once
we're up to deep stars so we're looking
at at this point a total of 30 1735 m/s
and Delta V for the entire flight but
that is not including any Delta V that
will need to go to other moons around
Saturn so we're really gonna have to
guess for that part because
unfortunately I just don't know how much
it's going to take but the deep star
really has plenty of Delta V and so I
don't anticipate any major problems
there the total time of flight days does
not change we're looking at 10 years for
the entire mission okay I just want to
add a quick addendum to the spreadsheet
the I realized when I was editing the
video that the mission total Delta V
didn't quite look right and I think the
reason is because it was taking into
consideration the capture Delta V at
Saturn as well as the Titan mo I Delta V
and I believe the Titan mo I Delta V is
it covers both Saturn capture and
orbital insertion at Titan so I don't
think we need to add the
two numbers together I think we just
need to take the Titan mo AI Delta V
number so I've adjusted that calculation
so that it only takes that number along
with with everything else but it does
not include the that capture Delta V
there at Saturn at the other thing I did
is I added a line here for additional
moon trips and I am just purely guessing
here because I honestly don't know how
much Delta V it's going to take because
number one I don't know how many moons
we're gonna have time to go to based on
the time frame that we will be at Saturn
and number two I have no idea how much
Delta V it's going to take to go from
one moon to the next so just throwing a
number out there I put ten thousand
meters per second if dmitri or anyone
else has a better guess you know leave
leave it in the comments below but again
it's all going to be totally dependent
on how many moons we can visit and I
think we're going to be constrained by
both time and Delta V when it comes to
that now I'm not planning on cutting
things super close on fuel with deeps
are but like I said it has a stupid
amount of Delta V so I'm not going to
just fill the tanks up or fill that you
know the one main tank up with a you
know completely full so with that said I
think we'll still have plenty of Delta V
left over to visit several moons so that
is that is the plan I just made those
couple of changes that I felt I really
needed to cover here at the end of the
video so with all of that said this
episode took way longer than I
anticipated I hope it wasn't too
incredibly boring for you guys for me I
really love this this planning the thing
planning the fly out and you know going
to the outer solar system it just makes
sense to really spend some time planning
things out yeah so in episode one the
next episode we're going to get off the
ground using the dragon atop Falcon 9
it's going to be carrying our crew up to
deep star I believe we should be able to
complete that entire flight in episode 1
and then going forward we of course will
be on our journey out to Saturn so we
have some exciting times to come and I
can't wait to share it with you guys so
as always I hope you got
doing really well I wish you all the
best I want to thank you very much for
watching again please do leave me
comments below I always love reading
your comments it makes my day to get
your feedback on on the series and
whatnot
so until episode 1 take care guys and
we'll see you then
you
