 
# How Fossils Refute Darwinism

### Millions of Fossils Refute the Theory of Evolution

## Adnan Oktar (Harun Yahya)

# The Author and His Works

Now writing under the pen-name of HARUN YAHYA, Adnan Oktar was born in Ankara in 1956. Having completed his primaryand secondary education in Ankara, he studied fine arts at Istanbul's Mimar Sinan University and philosophy at Istanbul University. Since the 1980s, he has published many books on political, scientific, and faith-related issues. Harun Yahya is well-known as the author of important works disclosing the imposture of evolutionists, their invalid claims, and the dark liaisons between Darwinism and such bloody ideologies as fascism and communism.

Harun Yahya's works, translated into 73 different languages, constitute a collection for a total of more than 65,000 pages with 45,000 illustrations.

His pen-name is a composite of the names Harun (Aaron) and Yahya (John), in memory of the two esteemed Prophets who fought against their peoples' lack of faith. The Prophet's seal on his books' covers is symbolicand is linked to their contents. It represents the Qur'an (the Final Scripture) and Prophet Muhammad (saas), last of the prophets. Under the guidance of the Qur'an and the Sunnah (teachings of the Prophet [saas]), the author makes it his purpose to disprove each fundamental tenet of irreligious ideologies and to have the "last word," so as to completely silence the objections raised against religion. He uses the seal of the final Prophet (saas), who attained ultimate wisdom and moral perfection, as a sign of his intention to offer the last word.

All of Harun Yahya's works share one single goal: to convey the Qur'an's message, encourage readers to consider basic faith-related issues such as God's existence and unity and the Hereafter; and to expose irreligious systems' feeble foundations and perverted ideologies.

Harun Yahya enjoys a wide readership in many countries, from India to America, England to Indonesia, Poland to Bosnia, Spain to Brazil, Malaysia to Italy, France to Bulgaria and Russia. Some of his books are available in English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Urdu, Arabic, Albanian, Chinese, Swahili, Hausa, Dhivehi (spoken in Maldives), Russian, Serbo-Croat (Bosnian), Polish, Malay, Uygur Turkish, Indonesian, Bengali, Danish and Swedish.

Greatly appreciated all around the world, these works have been instrumental in many people recovering faith in God and gaining deeper insights into their faith. His books' wisdom and sincerity, together with a distinct style that's easy to understand, directly affect anyone who reads them. Those who seriously consider these books, can no longer advocate atheism or any other perverted ideology or materialistic philosophy, since these books are characterized by rapid effectiveness, definite results, and irrefutability. Even if they continue to do so, it will be only a sentimental insistence, since these books refute such ideologies from their very foundations. All contemporary movements of denial are now ideologically defeated, thanks to the books written by Harun Yahya.

This is no doubt a result of the Qur'an's wisdom and lucidity. The author modestly intends to serve as a means in humanity's search for God's right path. No material gain is sought in the publication of these works.

Those who encourage others to read these books, to open their minds and hearts and guide them to become more devoted servants of God, render an invaluable service.

Meanwhile, it would only be a waste of time and energy to propagate other books that create confusion in people's minds, lead them into ideological confusion, and that clearly have no strong and precise effects in removing the doubts in people's hearts, as also verified from previous experience. It is impossible for books devised to emphasize the author's literary power rather than the noble goal of saving people from loss of faith, to have such a great effect. Those who doubt this can readily see that the sole aim of Harun Yahya's books is to overcome disbelief and to disseminate the Qur'an's moral values. The success and impact of this service are manifested in the readers' conviction.

One point should be kept in mind: The main reason for the continuing cruelty, conflict, and other ordeals endured by the vast majority of people is the ideological prevalence of disbelief. This can be ended only with the ideological defeat of disbelief and by conveying the wonders of creation and Qur'anic morality so that people can live by it. Considering the state of the world today, leading into a downward spiral of violence, corruption and conflict, clearly this service must be provided speedily and effectively, or it may be too late.

In this effort, the books of Harun Yahya assume a leading role. by the will of God, these books will be a means through which people in the twenty-first century will attain the peace, justice, and happiness promised in the Qur'an.

First Edition: February 2016

Second Edition: March 2017

Third Edition: June 2017

Published by:

GLOBAL PUBLISHING

Kayışdağı Mah. Değirmen Sok. No: 3

Ataşehir - İstanbul / Turkey

Tel: +90.216.6600059

Printed by:

Acar Matbaacılık

Promosyon ve Yayıncılık San ve Tic Ltd Şti.

Litros Yolu Fatih Iş Merkezi No: 280

Topkapı - İstanbul / Turkey

Tel: +90.212.6134041

All translations from the Qur'an are from  
The Noble Qur'an: A New Rendering of its Meaning in English  
by Hajj Abdalhaqq and Aisha Bewley, published by Bookwork,  
Norwich, UK. 1420 CE/1999 AH.

Abbreviation used:

(pbuh): Peace be upon him (following a reference to the prophets)

www.harunyahya.com / www.harunyahyaapps.com

en.a9.com.tr - http://en.harunyahya.tv

contact@harunyahya.com

Twitter: @harun_yahya ---- @adnan_oktar

Facebook: www.facebook.com/harunyahyaworks

Instagram: harunyahya_a9

# To the Reader

*. A special chapter is assigned to the collapse of the theory of evolution because this theory constitutes the basis of all anti-spiritual philosophies. Since Darwinism rejects the fact of creation—and therefore, God's existence—over the last 150 years it has caused many people to abandon their faith or fall into doubt. It is therefore an imperative service, a very important duty to show everyone that this theory is a deception. Since some readers may find the opportunity to read only one of our books, we think it appropriate to devote a chapter to summarize this subject.

*. All the author's books explain faith-related issues in light of Qur'anic verses, and invite readers to learn God's words and to live by them. All the subjects concerning God's verses are explained so as to leave no doubt or room for questions in the reader's mind. The books' sincere, plain, and fluent style ensures that everyone of every age and from every social group can easily understand them. Thanks to their effective, lucid narrative, they can be read at one sitting. Even those who rigorously reject spirituality are influenced by the facts these books document and cannot refute the truthfulness of their contents.

*. This and all the other books by the author can be read individually, or discussed in a group. Readers eager to profit from the books will find discussion very useful, letting them relate their reflections and experiences to one another.

*. In addition, it will be a great service to Islam to contribute to the publication and reading of these books, written solely for the pleasure of God. The author's books are all extremely convincing. for this reason, to communicate true religion to others, one of the most effective methods is encouraging them to read these books.

*. We hope the reader will look through the reviews of his other books at the back of this book. His rich source material on faith-related issues is very useful, and a pleasure to read.

*. In these books, unlike some other books, you will not find the author's personal views, explanations based on dubious sources, styles that are unobservant of the respect and reverence due to sacred subjects, nor hopeless, pessimistic arguments that create doubts in the mind and deviations in the heart.

# Contents

Fossil Records Refute Evolution

Darwin Was Mistaken: Species Have Never Changed

The Claim of Intermediate-Form Fossils Is a Deception

The Fossil Record Verifies Creation:

The Starting Point of Punctuated Equilibrium

Cambrian Fossils and the Creation of Species

"Missing Link Discovered" Headlines Are an Unscientific Deception

Darwin's Illogical and Unscientific Formula

Conclusion

Fossil Specimens of Sea Creatures

Fossil Specimens of Plants

The Darwinist Deception on the Subject of Birds and the Origin of Flight

Fossil Specimens of Insects

# Fossil Records Refute Evolution

## Introduction

In schools just about everywhere in the world, the biology textbooks used to teach students set out a false story of life. What students read under the heading of "The Theory of Evolution" in fact consists of totally faulty mechanisms, false proofs, conjectural illustrations and drawings, wrongly interpreted fossils and a spurious history of living things.

This myth, the subject of textbooks and repeated countless times by instructors every week, is regarded as so factual that hardly anyone exposed to an education feels the slightest doubt as to the accuracy of evolution. Students all imagine that they have received an education that will serve them in good stead throughout life. Such people will probably be bewildered to learn that they have been taught a lie on such an exceedingly important subject—one that includes the very meaning of life—under a scientific guise.

The fact is, however, that a determined effort is being made to impose this lie on the public, and being carried out all over the world. It is an invented and designed lie, being taught in all schools. False proofs and erroneous stories regarding the history of life are manufactured in the most of the media. Experts on the subject, even some Nobel-Prize winning scientists, espouse a lie and advocate a deception. The "history of life" that instructors have taught for so many years is a false scenario—an alliance perpetrating across the world a coordinated deception whose name is evolution.

The sole reason for this alliance's growing strength and the way it dominates school textbooks and occpies pride of place in the media is that it is based upon materialism. Darwinism, nourished by the materialist perspective that currently dominates the world, has been strengthened and brought to the fore with the help of that same mindset. (See the Religion of Darwinism by Harun Yahya.) the materialists have felt no qualms about presenting falsified evidence to the public. Because this comprehensive policy of deceit's objective is obvious: to turn people away from faith in God, to deny His existence and to depict matter as the only absolute reality!

The point that Darwinists ignore, however, is this: Living things were created! There is no such thing as evolution in the history of life. God is the Creator and Lord of all things. It is He Who creates matter and gives life to any entity. There is no other Creator than God, and no other power but Him. Therefore, there is nothing but proofs of the fact of Creation on Earth.

Darwinists encounter these proofs in every piece of research they perform when they attempt, but fail, to prove evolution, because there is no evidence that evolution ever happened. All they find is traces of a sudden, complex and sublime creation. False evidence does not support a false theory. On the contrary, it makes it even more untrustworthy and groundless. for the sake of keeping materialism alive, however, Darwinists continue with their deceptive methods, in the framework of a vicious circle.

But this, of course, has an end point—which has finally been reached. Evolution has been demolished with countless proofs. One of the greatest of these proofs are the "living fossils," whose numbers are being added to with every passing day. The fact that a life form has remained the same for 150 million years, never changing over even 300 million years, definitively eliminates the evolution scenario. Millions of living species, about which countless evolutionary scenarios have been produced, show fossilized evidence that they never evolved. What we now observe are living things that, according to Darwinists, should have undergone evolution. Yet the fossil specimens of those identical species document the fact that they have never undergone any evolution at all.

Living fossils are such powerful pieces of evidence that they demolish all Darwinist claims, refuting all the evolutionary nonsense taught in textbooks. They invalidate all the fake "intermediate" reconstructions in all museums of evolution, and show that the imaginary evolutionary scenarios in various Darwinist texts and articles are fabrications.

The fact that Darwinists manage to ignore all this does not eliminate the clear proofs in question. Living fossils, more of which are being discovered every day, have already eliminated the claim of evolution.

This book presents these important facts and the way that Darwinists squirm in the face of this evidence. You will see how this deception has been in a state of collapse ever since the time of Charles Darwin, who first proposed the theory. The examples of living fossils illustrated in this book represent just a small part of the evidence that reveals the invalidity of this great deception. Even though "living fossil" specimens are regularly excavated from just about every sedimentary stratum, just one of these specimens is sufficient to refute Darwinism.

The law of God totally demolishes the Darwinian order:

Or do they desire to dupe you? but the duped ones are those who do not believe. or do they have some deity other than God? Glory be to God above any idol they propose! if they saw a lump of heaven falling down, they would just say, "Banked-up clouds!" Leave them then until they meet their Day when they will be struck down by the Blast: The Day their ploys will not profit them at all and they will not be helped. (Surat at-Tur, 42-46)

## Darwin Was Mistaken: Species Have Never Changed

Perhaps the greatest problem that he (Darwin) had to tackle was the means by which adaptive characteristics were passed on from generation to generation, for the principles of genetics were still to be discovered at the time of Darwin's death. A second problem he could not resolve related to the nature of the fossil record.1

Darwin gave the name of the "theory of evolution" to the hypothesis he developed, on the two expectations described by Douglas Ward in the extract cited above.

His first assumption was that the genes that give rise to different characteristics could be transmitted, in some imaginary manner, to subsequent generations, thus resulting in changes between species. His other surmise was that this series of imaginary changes would be preserved in the fossil record.

It was easyfor Darwin to claim that changes occurred in a living thing's anatomical features that were then transmitted to subsequent generations, eventually resulting in a new species. The mid-1800s, when Darwin produced his ideas, were a relatively "primitive" time scientifically. The study of genetics had not yet come into existence. The complexity of the celland its chromosomes, let alone DNA, had yet to be discovered. The glorious structure of the genes that determine all of a living thing's characteristics, the data contained by those genesand the sensitivity within them were all still completely unknown.

It was also easy for Darwin to trust that fossil record existing somewhere in the world would eventually confirm these hypothetical changes among species. According to his claims, intermediate form fossils did exist in the geologic layers, but had simply not yet been unearthed. at his time, the number of fossil specimens extracted from rocks was still very limited. Since no intermediate forms had as yet appeared, Darwin expected that one day in the future, people would start discovering these imaginary "missing links." All that was required was enough time and detailed studies to be carried out.

Darwin founded his theory on these two basic assumptions, but close inspection reveals no evidence or observation—because essentially, the theory of evolution was advanced for totally ideological reasons, not scientific ones. It was developed in order to turn people away from their faith in God and to offer them an alternative to the fact of Creation. It was an adaptation to natural history of the materialist logic being disseminated across the globe with that aim in mind. That the theory was being proposed in the name of science was accepted, again due to the primitive state of science at the time. The claim's illogicality was plain to see, but under the scientific standards of the era, evidence that would reveal the theory's entire lack of proof had not yet been understood.

The roughly one century and a half that followed rapidly provided countless scientific proofs that demonstrated the invalidity of Darwin's hypothesis and the fact that it was totally invalid. The facts revealed by the science of genetics completely eradicated the idea that species "descended" from one another through minute changes. Genes, as we now know, are exceedingly complex and delicate. Any mutation will have an adverse, damaging effect on them. It is therefore impossible for totally unconscious, random changes to occur in genes so that an organism's structure is converted into another with different functions.

The fossil record also represents a major disappointment for latter-day Darwinists. None of the intermediate form fossils that Darwin expected to be discovered some day in the future has actually been unearthed. The idea that the fossil record is "inadequate" is now no longer part of the Darwinist credo, because the Earth has yielded up almost all existing specimens. A large part of the planet has been investigated, and paleontology reveals that in fact, there is not one single example of a "transition." Living things that existed hundreds of millions of years ago have never changed in all that time.

The late Harvard University evolutionist paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould openly states that Darwin was in fact aware of this. as he wrote, "The fossil record had caused Darwin more grief than joy."2

The evolutionists Niles Eldredge and Ian Tattershall, of the American Museum of Natural History, have described their position in these terms:

... That individual kinds of fossils remain recognizably the same throughout the length of their occurrence in the fossil record had been known to paleontologists long before Darwin published his Origin. Darwin himself, . . . prophesied that future generations of paleontologists would fill in these gaps by diligent search . . . One hundred and twenty years of paleontological research later, it has become abundantly clear that the fossil record will not confirm this part of Darwin's predictions. nor is the problem a miserly fossil record. The fossil record simply shows that this prediction is wrong.

The observation that species are amazingly conservative and static entities throughout long periods of time has all the qualities of the emperor's new clothes: everyone knew it but preferred to ignore it. Paleontologists, faced with a recalcitrant record obstinately refusing to yield Darwin's predicted pattern, simply looked the other way.3

In short, Darwin arrived at his theory of evolution by deliberately ignoring all these impossibilities, even though they were known well enough at the time. There is no scientific possibility of useful genetic changes taking place by way of random effects on species, or of them being transmitted on to subsequent generations. Fossils do not reveal any such changes, and exhibit not even a single one of all the hypothetical intermediate forms that should have existed over the course of hundreds of millions of years.

That being the case, what scientific evidence keeps the theory of evolution alive?

There is none! This once again shows that the reasons to support Darwinism are ideological, rather than scientific. The scientific protocol requires that a hypothesis should first be stated, and then turned into a law only after proofs are supplied. However, this does not apply to evolution, where there is not a single piece of evidence to support the theory. Nonetheless, it still maintains its place in textbooks and still appears in the media, in highly misleading reports. It is protected by laws and preserved through the logic of "it is immutable, and no decision against it can be made." the sole reason for this is that the theory of evolution is a dogmatic belief, not a scientific thesis.

The fossil record constantly refutes Darwinism's claims and points to the fact of Creation. All Darwinists' efforts to prove otherwise have ended in failure. The evidence in the sedimentary rocks documents and clearly declares that living things never underwent evolution. Two of the greatest proofs of this are—again—the absence of any intermediate form fossils and the stagnant "stasis" in the fossil record itself.

## The Claim of Intermediate-Form Fossils Is a Deception

The evolutionist Dr. David Raup, curator of geology at the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago, has this to say:

Darwin's theory of natural selection has always been closely linked to evidence from fossils, and probably most people assume that fossils provide a very important part of the general argument that is made in favor of darwinian interpretations of the history of life. Unfortunately, this is not strictly true.4

Visitors to any natural history museum encountered intense evolutionist propaganda. They are shown imaginary reconstructions and false handmade bones that supposedly belong to our imaginary forebears. A single fossilized fragment of a once-living thing, which constitutes no evidence for evolution, is depicted as highly important "intermediate form evidence" of the fictitious transition from fish to amphibian. A rib bone—that obviously confirms the fact of Creation but which evolutionists misinterpret and portray as "proof of evolution"—is exhibited with enormous pride. Based on the detailed descriptions of supposed fossils and the Latin names given them, a great many of those who examine these things are convinced that they are dealing with an evolutionary fact. Yet the museums' true objective is to give the impression that something exists when in fact it does not, and to display propaganda regarding something that has no existence at all.

Evolutionists imagine that they can attain their objectives by these methods, because museum visitors are unaware that there is not one single intermediate-form fossil to support the theory of evolution—and that living fossils that have remained unchanged for millions of years, contrary to the claims of the theory of evolution, lie concealed in storage areas, often directly beneath the displays themselves.

In fact, the efforts made by evolutionists are all hollow. No intermediate-form fossils documenting evolution on Earth have ever been discovered. There remains not the slightest trace of these imaginary, peculiar and semi-developed creatures that should have existed over the course of millions of years. The evolutionary process is merely a belief—a hope that Darwinists wish would come true. Yet the fossil record has never permitted this dream to become a reality. Countless fossils have been unearthed from just about all over the world. Yet the intermediate-form fossils that were missing in Darwin's time are just as absent today. and it is impossible that they can ever be found, because evolution has never happened. by inventing fictitious theories, constructing their own imaginary intermediate forms out of plaster and bakelite, and producing "reconstructions" and "artist's conceptions" to illustrate the supposed lives of those intermediate forms, Darwinists seek to breathe life into a supposed evolution.

The fact is, however, that their efforts can never bear fruit. Conditions now are different from those in Darwin's time. Scientific facts are now emerging into the light, and new discoveries constantly reveal proofs of the fact of Creation. No Darwinist can any longer maintain that the fossil record is insufficient. Scientific data and the fossil record have revealed incontrovertible facts. The absence of any intermediate fossils is too obvious for evolutionists to cover up any longer.

In the journal Science, D.S. Woodroff of California University sets out this grave disappointment suffered by evolutionists:

But fossil species remain unchanged throughout most of their history and the record fails to contain a single example of a significant transition. 5

In the strata in which they conduct their hunt for intermediate-form fossils, Darwinists continually find fossils of living things that never underwent any changes over the course of millions of years and were never subjected to evolution. The proofs of the fact of creation number millions every day, but the intermediate-form fossils that evolutionists have been expecting with such anticipation are nowhere to be seen. They have therefore had to make do with portraying what are actually proofs of the fact of creation as being intermediate-form fossils. Using various propaganda techniques, they attempt to depict highly developed and complex life forms dating back millions of years as evidence for their own theory. by submitting their biased interpretations of fossils, they tried to describe a bird's highly developed, complex wings as merely "developing," and the fins of a fish as future legs of a creature preparing to emerge onto dry land. by such means, they sought to portray the coelacanth as an example of the transition from water to dry land, and Archaeopteryx as a reptile moving from the ground to the air.

Yet even these fossilized remains show that these creatures possessed exceedingly complex features, but no intermediate ones. Indeed, when a living coelacanth—one of the life forms that had been the subject of such evolutionist speculation—was caught in deep water in 1938, some 400 million years later than fossilized specimens, this shattered all evolutionist dreams.

Evolutionists are suffering a similar disappointment when it comes to Archaeopteryx, which scientific research has shown to be a full-fledged bird. Evolutionists were speechless when Archaeopteryx, depicted for many years as the crucial evidence for the imaginary transition from ground to the air, was discovered to have had flawless flight muscles, feathers ideally suited to flight, and a perfect wing structure.

Other incidents that revealed the intermediate-form predicament facing evolutionists were Piltdown Man and Nebraska Man, once also depicted as supposed evidence of evolution. Faced with complete hopelessness caused by the absence of intermediate forms, evolutionists went so far as to attach an orangutan's jaw onto the skull of a recently deceased human. They named it Piltdown Man and exhibited this forgery for the next 40 years. This hoax fossil, displayed in the British Museum, was hurriedly removed once the deception involved came to light.

Nebraska Man was the subject of countless imaginary illustrations and reconstructions—all based on a single tooth! Looking at just that single tooth, evolutionists claimed that this had come from an intermediate-form fossil that combined human and ape features. but this tooth was later determined to belong to a wild boar. Similarly, the fossils that countless museum visitors encounter as supposed "evidence of evolution" are the product of just such fraudulent logic.

The evolutionist paleontologist George Gaylord Simpson, of the American Museum of Natural History, admits the intermediate-form problem confronting evolutionists:

This is true of all thirty-two orders of mammals . . . The earliest and most primitive known members of every order already have the basic ordinal characters, and in no case is an approximately continuous sequence from one order to another known. In most cases the break is so sharp and the gap so large that the origin of the order is speculative and much disputed. . .

This regular absence of transitional forms is not confined to mammals, but is an almost universal phenomenon, as has long been noted by paleontologists. It is true of almost all classes of animals, both vertebrate and invertebrate . . . it is true of the classes, and of the major animal phyla, and it is apparently also true of analogous categories of plants.6

Despite their total lack of evidence, evolutionists still maintain that "Living things evolved." This claim involves millions of species that cannot possibly have existed, much less emerged. Yet evolutionists maintain that they developed during the course of a process—evolution—that cannot be explained. The impossibility of protein emerging spontaneously in a mindless environment has been proven. Yet according to evolution, such a miracle did take place, and protein came into existence as the result of chance.

It is also impossible for all the cell's organelles to have come into being together coincidentally. Yet according to evolution, that is just what happened. That miracle also took place—leading to the cell nucleus, genes, DNA, enzymes and countless other complex structures that cannot be produced artificially today, even under controlled laboratory conditions. Yet according to evolution, they all emerged through blind chance.

Evolutionists are now sorting through the fossil record for any traces of this process and the changes involved. Yet again according to evolutionists, yet another miracle must have taken place—and all these traces in the fossil record have disappeared!

The logic involved in their argument is this: Evolution emerges from a list of millions of impossibilities that, according to evolution, came about as the result of blind, unconscious coincidences. Darwinism, though it denies God and any supernatural events and phenomena, has no qualms about claiming that millions of living organisms came into being through a series of miracles. Thus the theory of evolution, portrayed as scientific, is in fact a belief that adopts countless miracles and coincidences as its multitudinous deities.

The theory of evolution has been unable to prove that a single protein could have come into existence spontaneously. Evolutionists are at a dead-end even before reaching the stage of the cell. That is because the probability of just a single protein, an essential building block of the cell, coming into being by chance is mathematically "0."

The main reason for this is the need for other proteins to be present if one protein is to form, and this completely eradicates the possibility of chance formation. This fact by itself is sufficient to eliminate the evolutionist claim of chance right from the outset. to summarize,

1. Proteins cannot be synthesized without enzymes, and enzymes are all proteins.

2. Around 60 proteins assuming the task of an enzyme need to be present for a single protein to be synthesized. Therefore, proteins are essential for proteins to exist.

3. DNA manufactures the protein-synthesizing enzymes. Proteins cannot be synthesized without DNA. DNA is therefore also needed for proteins to form.

4. All the organelles in the cell have important tasks in protein synthesis. In other words, for proteins to form, a complete and fully functioning cell needs to exist with all its organelles.

Faced by this lack of evidence, Darwinists keep expanding their fraudulent methods. but people are becoming much more aware that evolution keeps being taught for entirely ideological reasons, not scientific ones. Darwinists want to give the impression that intermediate-form fossils exist when they truly do not, and they hide proofs of the fact of Creation away in museum vaults. Why? the reason is obvious: They are well aware of the countless and incontrovertible proofs of the existence of God, the Lord of all the worlds. and since they are struggling to deny the existence of God, they attempt to conceal the facts. However, God manifests His own existence with countless proofs—and constantly foils Darwinists' plans.

Do they not see how We come to the land eroding it at its extremities. God judges and there is no reversing His judgment. He is swift at reckoning. Those before them plotted but all plotting belongs to God. He knows what each self earns, and the ones who do not believe will soon know who has the Ultimate Abode. (Surat ar-Ra'd, 41-42)

### Evolutionists Claim That Intermediate-Form Organisms with Abnormal Structures Once Lived, but Not a Single One of Their Fossils Exists

The theory of evolution claims that living things developed or "descended" into other life forms under the effects of mutations. Modern science, however, has made it clear that this is a grave deception. There is not a single intermediate form to indicate that modern life forms have diversified through minute changes.

According to the theory of evolution, all the species now living and that have ever lived on Earth are all descended from one another. According to that theory, the transition from one species to another took place slowly and progressively. Therefore, according to this claim, various life forms representing a transition between two species and bearing some of the features of each must have existed once. According to evolutionist claims, for example, life forms with vestigial gills and rudimentary lungs, with appendages that are half fins and half feet, must have existed for millions of years between fish could finally emerge—and survive—on dry land, before turning into reptiles. Evolutionists refer to these imaginary creatures they believe once lived in the past as "intermediate forms."

Were the theory of evolution actually true, then many such creatures must have existed in the past. Their numbers and types must have numbered in the millions, even in the billions. and the remains of at least a few of these monstrous life forms should be found in the fossil record.

However, to date not a single intermediate form fossil has ever been encountered. Indeed, Charles Darwin, who first proposed the theory, wrote this in the chapter "Difficulties on Theory" in his book the Origin of Species:

... Why, if species have descended from other species by insensibly fine gradations, do we not everywhere see innumerable transitional forms? Why is not all nature in confusion instead of the species being, as we see them, well defined? . . . But, as by this theory innumerable transitional forms must have existed, why do we not find them embedded in countless numbers in the crust of the earth? . . . Why then is not every geological formation and every stratum full of such intermediate links? Geology assuredly does not reveal any such finely graduated organic chain; and this, perhaps, is the most obvious and gravest objection which can be urged against my theory. 7

Challenged by Darwin's own words, evolutionist paleontologists from the mid-19th century to the present day have carried out fossil research all over the world in search of intermediate forms. Yet despite all their efforts, such forms have never been found. All the findings from the excavations and research carried out shows that, contrary to the theory of evolution's expectations, all species appeared on the Earth suddenly, perfectly formed and in a flawless manner.

The well-known British paleontologist Derek Ager admits as much, despite his advocating the theory of evolution:

The point emerges that if we examine the fossil record in detail, whether at the level of orders or of species, we find—over and over again—not gradual evolution, but the sudden explosion of one group at the expense of another.8

Mark Czarnecki, another evolutionist paleontologist, makes a similar comment:

A major problem in proving the theory has been the fossil record; the imprints of vanished species preserved in the Earth's geological formations. This record has never revealed traces of Darwin's hypothetical intermediate variants—instead species appear and disappear abruptly, and this anomaly has fueled the creationist argument that each species was created by God.9

In his book the Neck of the Giraffe: Where Darwin Went Wrong, the well-known biologist Francis Hitching says:

If we find fossils, and if Darwin's theory was right, we can predict what the rock should contain; finely graduated fossils leading from one group of creatures to another group of creatures at a higher level of complexity. The "minor improvements" in successive generations should be as readily preserved as the species themselves. but this is hardly ever the case. In fact, the opposite holds true, as Darwin himself complained; "innumerable transitional forms must have existed, but why do we not find them embedded in countless numbers in the crust of the earth?" Darwin felt though that the "extreme imperfection" of the fossil record was simply a matter of digging up more fossils. but as more and more fossils were dug up, it was found that almost all of them, without exception, were very close to current living animals. 10

As stated by Darwin and the others quoted above, the fact that not a single intermediate form fossil has been unearthed to date clearly reveals the invalidity of the theory of evolution. Because first of all, had living things turned into other life forms, they should have left a large number of intermediate forms during their transition process, and all around the world, the fossil record should be full of these intermediate forms in various stages of evolution. The fact is, however, that of the 700 million or so fossils unearthed so far, all belong to fully formed, complete life forms.

The fossil record shows that living species emerged instantaneously, with all their different structures, and have remained unchanged over very long geological periods. Stephen Jay Gould, the Harvard University paleontologist and evolutionist, admitted this in these words:

The history of most fossil species includes two features particularly inconsistent with gradualism:

1. Stasis. Most species exhibit no directional change during their tenure on earth. They appear in the fossil record looking much the same as when they disappear; morphological change is usually limited and directionless. 2. Sudden appearance. In any local area, a species does not arise gradually by the steady transformation of its ancestors; it appears all at once and "fully formed." 11

Had evolution really taken place, the Earth should be full of billions of intermediate fossils. What is more, because of the effects of mutations, these life forms, numbering in the millions, should be extremely abnormal in appearance.

According to evolutionist claims, all living things—and all the organs they possess—formed as a result of random mutations. if that were so, an organ beginning with an abnormal structure should have been subjected to many mutations while its functions were developing. Any such organ should have assumed one abnormal state after another at each and every stage. Before assuming the perfect and pleasing appearances they display today, the living things in question must have endured abnormal structures and looked very ungainly. for example, before the highly symmetrical human face emerged with its two ears, two eyes, nose and mouth, there must have been a very large number of abnormal faces with imperfect symmetry, with several ears and eyes, a nose between the eyes or on the jaw, with some eyes on the back of the head or on the cheeks, with a nose where an ear ought to be, extending as far as the neck, and millions or even billions of other defects. Indeed, before that stage was ever reached, there must have been odd life forms with an ear on the soles of their feet or an eye in their back, their mouths on their stomachs, with two or three brains, unable to stand because they had not yet developed knee caps, with three or five arms on one side of their body instead of one, or whose foot bones ran from side to side instead of back to front to enable them to stand properly.

If Darwinists' claims were true, then chance and mutations should give rise to considerable lack of proportion, imbalance and peculiarity in the perfect and magnificent human body. They should produce many abnormalities such as a skull growing from the hip, more than one arm sprouting from the shoulder, and a large number of ribs or pelvic bones. Arm and leg bones should be lopsided, instead of being straight as we see them today. Yet not a single such fossil specimen has ever been discovered. The bodies of all the billions of human beings who have ever lived or who are living today have all possessed the same symmetry, balance and order. This demolishes Darwinist claims of "gradual development" as a result of chance and mutations.

If living things had assumed their present structures and appearances through tens of thousands of minute changes, then countless fossil specimens should document this illusory development. Abnormal entities with two brains, three backbones, four eyes, two jaws, three noses, seven fingers and three legs should be in evidence. Yet all the fossils found to date show that human beings have always been human beings.

Yet not a single example exists. A great many human fossils with two, three or four heads; with hundreds of eyes like insects, with several arms and even arms two or three meters in length and many other such abnormalities should have been found. Similarly, there should be abnormal specimens from every plant and animal species. Intermediate fossils of all marine creatures should also have engendered abnormal individuals. Yet there exists not a single one. All the millions of fossils belong to perfectly normal living things.

## The Fossil Record Verifies Creation:

### Stasis in the Fossil Record

Paleontologists conducting research in ancient strata encounter very important fossils that are millions of years old, yet the duplicates of living spiders, flies, frogs, turtles and fish. According to the theory of evolution, these life forms should have exhibited changes over the course of millions of years. They lived in the most ancient periods in the most complex forms, and have come down unchanged to the present day. In other words, they never evolved. There is a stasis or stability in the fossil record, which—according to evolutionists—should not be there at all.

Darwin foresaw that life forms that had remained the same for untold millions of years would represent a major difficulty for his theory, and he frequently referred to this. These special species were even given the name of "living fossils" by Darwin himself!

The evolutionist paleontologist Peter Douglas Ward emphasizes this problem of Darwin's:

Still, Darwin's central tenet was that most organisms have changed through time. but did they all change at the same rate, or did the rate of change vary? Darwin was sure that it varied, for he could point to a host of creatures that were quite similar to fossils he had seen, some from very old strata indeed. Darwin confronted this problem several times. Although he seems satisfied with the explanation he gives in the Origin of Species, the very fact that he repeatedly brings these "living fossils" to the attention of his readers suggests that he was not entirely comfortable with the phenomenon. He writes, for example: "In some cases . . . lowly organised forms appear to have been preserved to the present day, from inhabiting confined or peculiar stations, where they have been subjected to less severe competition, and where their scanty numbers have retarded the chance of favorable variations arising." Nevertheless, the existence of living fossils, a term that he coined, continued to puzzle him, and provided a weapon for his numerous critics to wield against him.12

Darwin described the living things in question as "lowly organised forms" and for that reason, attempted to portray the issue as a very minor one by ascribing a supposed justification for their survival. Yet these fossils are identical to present-day specimens. They have exceedingly developed characteristics. and their survival cannot be explained away with the few pretexts that even Darwin had difficulty in believing.

for those who came after Darwin, the problem was far less limited than it had been back in Darwin's own day. The number of fossils unearthed from a great many of the Earth's strata was growing into the millions. Their search for intermediate forms ended in the discovery of living fossils: Remains emerged from strata millions of years old in the same forms that their living counterparts possess today, and this represents one of the most significant proofs of the state of collapse facing the theory of evolution.

Darwin may have been uneasy at the existence of living fossils in his own day, but he remained unaware of just how wide-ranging they were, and was ignorant of how many such fossilized specimens would emerge in future years. Later years constantly produced specimens of living fossils instead of the intermediate forms that Darwin expected, which dealt a major disappointment to him and his theory.

So far, over millions of living fossils have been unearthed from the Earth's strata. While some of these are given prominence in the media, the great majority has been consigned to the vaults of various museums. However, the existence of living fossils is too great to be covered up by hiding them away because every fossil-bearing stratum investigated constantly produces new specimens of living fossils. Those who follow developments in the press may imagine that there are only a very few living fossils, and are unearthed only rarely. Yet that is not at all the case. These fossils—earlier representatives of present-day life forms, but millions of years old—are found everywhere.

This stasis in the fossil record, for which Darwin was unable to account, couldn't be explained by those who came after Darwin, either. Initially, evolutionists maintained that (for example) 350-million-year-old cockroaches had remained unchanged because "They were able to live in all environments and feed in all kinds of ways."

Evolutionists almost never discussed the question of how a 350-million-year-old insect first emerged complete, with all its complex features in a period that was, according to the evolutionists themselves, exceedingly primitive. They deliberately ignored the fact that no matter how well it had adapted to its environment, this insect should nevertheless, according to the claim of the theory of evolution, have gradually developed.

Then other similar claims were subsequently made for other life forms. Although a tuatara lizard 200 million years old had come down unchanged to the present day, they still maintained that all living things underwent gradual evolution. Yet for some reason, this claim did not apply to rapidly-multiplying cockroaches and to archaebacteria—which can multiply even in minutes, but of which fossils have been found dating back 3.5 billion years!

That is why evolutionists attach prominent importance to only some living fossils. Making up unscientific, illogical and inconsistent justifications for a few examples is nothing out of the ordinary for evolutionists. if all living fossils were given equal prominence, it would be neither possible nor credible to make up a justification for the existence of every single one.

New Scientist magazine described evolutionists' constant need to find invalid excuses, and the way that these failed to bear any fruit, by saying that "Evolutionary constraint can't explain the persistence of all the living fossils." the magazine then went on to say:

All this leaves a rather complicated picture . . . Be general, or specialised. Live fast, or slow. Keep it simple, or don't. Be in the right place at the right time. if all else fails, try becoming a "superspecies", blessed with a physiology that can withstand anything.13

To put it another way, Darwinists are ready to ascribe the existence of living fossils to any cause apart from the fact of Creation. if all their explanations fail to hold water, they will then regard a particular organism as a "superspecies," as is clearly stated by New Scientist. The only thing that may not be done, in Darwinist eyes, is to admit that the life form in question was originally "created."

These inconsistent claims—which Darwin hid behind and that present-day Darwinists generally avoid mentioning—have been totally demolished in the face of the extraordinarily large numbers of fossils exhibiting stasis. There are more "living fossils" than evolutionists can dream up scenarios for, and they clearly indicate that evolution never took place.

According to evolutionary theory, an animal resembling a modern-day wolf entered the sea one day, and within 50 million years, its descendants turned into a gigantic marine mammal as the whale.14 If, despite its evident illogicality, evolution is able to turn a land mammal into a whale in such a relatively brief space of geologic time, how could the salamander remain unchanged for 160 million years? No evolutionist has any scientific answer to that question.

Moreover, this applies not just to the salamander, but also to countless species and examples of living fossils today, and you shall be seeing specimens of these in later chapters of this book. Countless specimens confirm the stasis in the fossil record, as stated by the evolutionist Niles Eldredge, a paleontologist from the American Museum of Natural History:

Stasis is now abundantly well documented as the preeminent paleontological pattern in the evolutionary history of species.15

The specimens discovered prove that millions of years ago, a great many living things had the same anatomical features as they do today. In fact, as much so that 84% of the insect family that existed 100 million years ago is also alive today.16 the botanist Margaret Helder cites Niles Eldredge's views and describes this magnificent diversity in living fossils thus:

Characterization of an organism as a living fossil basically depends upon the degree of similarity the viewer seeks between living and fossil creatures. if the definition is in terms of general categories of organism, such as sponges in general, or ferns in general, or even specific groups of ferns, then, says Niles Eldredge, ". . . by such a yardstick, virtually everything is a living fossil."17 Whether one allows one's definition to be this broad or not, it is safe to conclude that living fossils are not rare. 18

No doubt, the emergence of these life forms in large numbers comes as no surprise to any rational individual. if people can see that God has created all living things, then they can also understand the proofs that manifest themselves in the fossil record. Throughout the history of life, organisms did not evolve, but emerged suddenly and with the most complex and most perfect features.

This goes to show that all living things are created. It is easy for God to create a living thing that exists today with the same astounding characteristics that He also created millions of years ago. for those able to appreciate this, the existence of living fossils is one of the proofs of God's creation. The Earth provides no evidence of evolution as claimed by Darwin, but confirms the fact of Creation. Niles Eldredge is just one of the evolutionists who admit as much:

Simple extrapolation does not work. I found that out back in the 1960s as I tried in vain to document examples of the kind of slow, steady directional change we all thought ought to be there, ever since Darwin told us that natural selection should leave precisely such a telltale signal as we collect our fossils up cliff faces. I found instead, that once species appear in the fossil record, they tend not to change much at all. Species remain imperturbably, implacably resistant to chance as a matter of course.19

All this goes to show that evolutionist claims along the lines of "evidence in the fossil record," "the evolutionary process," and "gradual or punctuated change in living things" are all mere speculation. Nobody looking at the facts can believe such Darwinian conjecture—speculative claims that are demolished in a more detailed manner in subsequent chapters.

Pierre-Paul Grassé, the world-famous French zoologist and evolutionist, sets out the evolution error in question:

The "evolution in action" of J. Huxley and other biologists is simply the observation of demographic facts, local fluctuations of genotypes, geographical distributions. Often the species concerned have remained practically unchanged for hundreds of centuries! Fluctuation as a result of circumstances, with prior modification of the genome, does not imply evolution, and we have tangible proof of this in many panchronic species [i.e. living fossils that remain unchanged for millions of years]...20

It is essential for governments in countries where living fossil specimens are unearthed to give them prominence and present them to the world as important scientific evidence. Otherwise, a conception that flies in the face of the scientific facts—in other words, the theory of evolution—will continue to enjoy blind support by way of propaganda and deception. The fossil record documenting the history of life on Earth demonstrates that living things never evolved, but appeared suddenly together with all their complex characteristics. In other words, fossils document the fact of Creation.

### The Starting Point of Punctuated Equilibrium

Those who came after Darwin made enormous efforts to detect in the fossil record examples of the slow and gradual evolution that he foresaw. Darwin had ascribed their absence to the "insufficiency of the fossil record." the fossil record—which, in fact, provided a broad range of specimens even in his own day and shows the existence of all complex life forms as early as the Cambrian Explosion—continued to be the subject of research by evolutionists hoping to discover a miracle. Their objective was to prove Darwin correct, to demonstrate that the fossil record in his time truly was insufficient, and to find examples of intermediate forms, evidence that living things did undergo evolution.

Yet the fossil record constantly produced results at variance with Darwin's expectations. Practically the entire globe was scoured, and the new fossils excavated were no longer "insufficient." Darwin had been wrong when he said that he believed that those who came after him would eventually find the intermediate forms that he expected. The fossil record produced not one single intermediate-form specimen. Instead, it revealed the fact that countless living things had undergone no evolution at all, had remained unchanged for many millions of years, together with all their many complex structures. The fossil record refuted Darwin. The lack of intermediate forms and the fact of stasis very definitely constituted no evidence for gradual evolution.

Some evolutionists clearly saw and admitted that Darwin's model of gradual evolution was untenable in the face of the reality of stasis. They then proposed that evolution "operated in a different way." in 1970, the Harvard University paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge of the American Museum of Natural History developed an alternative theory, known as "punctuated evolution," which they published in 1972. Their sole aim was to account for the stasis phenomenon.

In fact, this theory was an adaptation of the "Hopeful Monster" theory put forward in the 1930s by the European paleontologist Otto Schindewolf. He had suggested that living things evolved as the result of sudden, dramatic mutations rather than the gradual accumulation of small ones. In citing a hypothetical example of his theory, Schindewolf suggested that the first bird in history had emerged from a reptile egg, through a "gross mutation," in other words, an enormous, though random change in its genetic structure.34 According to that same theory, some terrestrial mammals might suddenly have turned into whales through a sudden and comprehensive alteration.

These claims violate all known laws of genetics, biophysics and biochemistry, and were no more scientific than the fairy tale about a frog turning into a handsome prince. Still, this "Hopeful Monster" theory of Schindewolf's was adopted and defended in the 1940s by the University of California, Berkeley geneticist Richard Goldschmidt. but the theory was so inconsistent that it was soon abandoned.

The impetus that obliged Gould and Eldredge to take up this theory again was, as we have already seen, the lack of any "intermediate form" in the fossil record. Both the "stasis" and "sudden appearance" in the record were so obvious that these two were forced to reconsider the "Hopeful Monster" theory in order to account for this state of affairs. Gould's well-known article "The Return of Hopeful Monsters" was an expression of this forced about-turn. 35

Naturally, Eldredge and Gould did not repeat Schindewolf's theory word for word. In order to give it a more "scientific" nature, they sought to develop some kind of mechanism for the "sudden evolutionary leap" they proposed. (The interesting term "punctuated equilibrium" which they gave to their theory was one expression of this scientific endeavor.) Gould and Eldredge's theory was adopted and fleshed out by some other paleontologists in the years that followed. However, the punctuated theory of evolution was at least as marred with inconsistencies and invalid logic as Darwin's original gradual theory of evolution.

Proponents of gradual evolution ignored stasis. but stasis is constantly seen in the fossil record, proving that living things remained unchanged over millions of years. The only difference between Gould and Eldredge and other Darwinists is that the former two realized that the stasis in the fossil record was an incontrovertible fact that could no longer be left unanswered. Rather than admit the fact of Creation revealed by the fossil record, they felt themselves obliged to develop a new concept of evolution.

Stephen Jay Gould said this on the subject:

But how can imperfection possibly explain away stasis (the equilibrium of punctuated equilibrium)? Abrupt appearance may record an absences of information, but *stasis is data*. Eldredge and I became so frustrated by the failure of many colleagues to grasp this evident point—-though a quarter century of subsequent debate has finally propelled our claim to general acceptance (while much else about punctuated equilibrium remains controversial)—that we urged the incorporation of this little phrase as a mantra or motto. Say it ten times before breakfast every day for a week, and the argument will surely seep in by osmosis: "stasis is data: stasis is data..." 36

Gould, Eldredge and other advocates of punctuated evolution fiercely criticized the proponents of gradual evolution for failing to see the reality of stasis. but in fact, what they were doing was no different from the actions of other Darwinists. Since the fossil record had failed to produce the results they expected, they changed the form of so-called evolution and constructed it in a very detailed manner. The main reason for their anger toward, and intense criticism of, the adherents of gradual evolution was that as long as their professional colleagues failed to accept the stasis in the fossil record, they would cause the theory to lose all credibility in the public eye. for that reason, they attempted to give the impression that they had now "discovered the truth" in the face of the clear facts revealed by the fossil record.

The fact is, however, that the punctuated evolution model is at least as groundless, devoid of evidence, and ultimately discredited as the gradual evolution theory.

Gould's admissions regarding "the mistaken perspective in the past" are criticisms aimed at the supporters of gradual evolution:

We have long known about stasis and abrupt appearance, but have chosen to fob it off upon an imperfect fossil record.37

As Niles Eldredge describes it, the supporters of gradual evolution ignored one very important fact:

Paleontologists ever since Darwin have been searching (largely in vain) for the sequences of insensibly graded series of fossils that would stand as examples of the sort of wholesale transformation of species that Darwin envisioned as the natural product of the evolutionary process. Few saw any reason to demur—though it is a startling fact that . . . most species remain recognizably themselves, virtually unchanged throughout their occurrence in geological sediments of various ages.38

Niles Eldredge and the archaeologist Ian Tattershall of the American Museum of Natural History underlined how Darwin's idea of evolution had been disproved by the stasis in the fossil record:

Darwin's prediction of rampant, albeit gradual, change affecting all lineages through time is refuted. The record is there, and the record speaks for tremendous anatomical conservation. Change in the manner Darwin expected is just not found in the fossil record.39

Elsewhere, Stephen Jay Gould described how stasis, evidence of non-evolution, was ignored by the adherents of evolution:

Stasis, or nonchange, of most fossil species during their lengthy geological lifespans was tacitly acknowledged by all paleontologists, but almost never studied explicitly because prevailing theory treated stasis as uninteresting nonevidence for nonevolution. . . . The overwhelming prevalence of stasis became an embarrassing feature of the fossil record, best left ignored as a manifestation of nothing (that is, nonevolution).40

All of Gould and Eldredge's efforts were to adapt the theoretical concept of evolution to the actual fossil record. for that reason they suggested that stasis itself was the most important proof of their evolutionary claims. In some way, they viewed the unchanging nature of the fossil record as evidence for change! Since they could not reconcile the fossil record with the theory of evolution, they adapted the theory to the record. This was the mindset that launched the punctuated model of evolution.

In an article in New Scientist, Tom S. Kemp, curator of the Oxford University museum's zoological collections, described how findings had been turned into evidence for the theory of evolution, just as in the case of punctuated evolution:

In other words, when the assumed evolutionary processes did not match the pattern of fossils that they were supposed to have generated, the pattern was judged to be 'wrong.' a circular argument arises: interpret the fossil record in terms of a particular theory of evolution, inspect the interpretation, and note that it confirms the theory. Well, it would, wouldn't it?41

According to the proponents of the punctuated model of evolution, stasis in the fossil record represented the "equilibrium" in the theory defined as punctuated equilibrium. The theory maintains that under environmental pressures, a species can have evolved in as short a space of time as only a few thousand years. It then entered a period of stasis and remained unchanged for millions of years.

Therefore, proponents believed that this claim could account for the stasis in a large proportion of living things. In this way, they thought they had covered up the challenge that the fossil record poses to evolution. but this was a grave deception.

### The Punctuation Mechanism

In its present state, the punctuated theory of evolution explains living populations that exhibit no change over very long periods of time as having remained in a kind of "equilibrium." According to this claim, evolutionary changes take place in very narrow populations and at very short intervals that interrupt—or in other words, "punctuate" the equilibrium. Since the population is such a narrow one, natural selection quickly favors large mutations, and the emergence of a new species is thus made possible.

According to this theory, a reptile species, for example, can remain unchanged for millions of years. However, one small group of reptiles that split away from this species in some way is subjected to a series of intense mutations, for some reason that is not explained. These mutations endow those individuals with some advantage (and there is no instance of a beneficial mutation). They are quickly selected within this narrow group. The group of reptiles evolves quickly, and may even turn into mammals. Since this entire process is so very rapid and takes place with a relatively small number of creatures within a narrow time frame, few if any fossil traces are left behind.

As close inspection reveals, this theory was proposed as an answer to the question of "How can an evolutionary process happen so fast as to leave no fossil traces behind?" in reply, the theory makes two fundamental assumptions:

1. The assumption that macro-mutations—in other words, wide-ranging mutations that cause major changes in living things' genetic information—bestow an advantage and also produce new genetic information.

2. The assumption that small animal populations have a genetic advantage.

However, both are at odds with the scientific facts.

### The Macro-Mutations Error

As you have just seen, the punctuated model of evolution hypothesizes that the mutations leading to speciation take place on a very large scale or that some individual species are exposed to a succession of serial mutations. However, that assumption contradicts all the observational data from genetic science.

R. A. Fisher, one of the century's best-known geneticists, established a rule, based on experiment and observation, that invalidates this hypothesis. In his book the Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, Fisher reports that any mutation's ability to survive in a population is inversely proportional to its effect on the phenotype.42 to put it another way, the greater a mutation is, the lower will be its chances of remaining permanent in a community.

The reason for this is not hard to see. Mutations represent random changes in a living thing's genetic data. They never have the effect of improving that genetic information. On the contrary, mutated individuals always suffer serious diseases and disabilities. Therefore, the more any individual is affected by mutation, the lower its chances of survival.

The Harvard University evolutionary biologist Ernst Mayr, one of Darwinism's most passionate advocates, makes the following comment:

The occurrence of genetic monstrosities by mutation . . . is well substantiated, but they are such evident freaks that these monsters can be designated only as "hopeless." They are so utterly unbalanced that they would not have the slightest chance of escaping elimination through stabilizing selection . . . The more drastically a mutation affects the phenotype, the more likely it is to reduce fitness. to believe that such a drastic mutation would produce a viable new type, capable of occupying a new adaptive zone, is equivalent to believing in miracles . . . The finding of a suitable mate for the "hopeless monster" and the establishment of reproductive isolation from the normal members of the parental population seem to me insurmountable difficulties.43

Obviously, mutations do not give rise to evolutionary development—which poses an insurmountable obstacle for the punctuated theory of evolution. Since mutation is destructive, the living undergoing macro-mutations that the proponents of evolution propose will suffer "macro"-destructive effects. Some evolutionists put their trust in mutations occurring in the regulatory genes in DNA. but the destructive effect that applies in regard to other mutations also applies here. The problem is that mutation is a random change, and any random change in any structure as complex as genetic information will have damaging consequences.

In their book the Natural Limits to Genetic Change, geneticist Lane Lester and population geneticist Raymond Bohlin describe the mutation dilemma in question:

The overall factor that has come up again and again is that mutation remains the ultimate source of all genetic variation in any evolutionary model. Being unsatisfied with the prospects of accumulating small point mutations, many are turning to macromutations to explain the origin of evolutionary novelties. Goldschmidt's hopeful monsters have indeed returned. However, though macromutations of many varieties produce drastic changes, the vast majority will be incapable of survival, let alone show the marks of increasing complexity. if structural gene mutations are inadequate because of their inability to produce significant enough changes, then regulatory and developmental mutations appear even less useful because of the greater likelihood of nonadaptive or even destructive consequences . . . but one thing seems certain: at present, the thesis that mutations, whether great or small, are capable of producing limitless biological change is more an article of faith than fact.44

Observation and experiment show that mutations may alter, but do not improve on, genetic information and that they do damage living things. It is obviously inconsistent for the proponents of punctuated evolution to expect any "success" from them.

### The Narrow Populations Error

The second concept that proponents of punctuated evolution stress is that of "narrow populations." They state that a new species forms only in communities containing very few numbers of a plant or animal species. According to this claim, large populations of animals exhibit no evolutionary development and can maintain their stasis. However, if some small groups leave these populations, they become isolated (generally assumed because of geographical causes) and can reproduce only amongst themselves. It is claimed that macro-mutations affect these small groups because they reproduce only among themselves, and so rapid "speciation" thus takes place.

Why do the proponents of punctuated evolution insist on the concept of narrow populations? the answer is obvious: Their objective is to "explain" the lack of intermediate forms in the fossil record. That is why their accounts insist that "Evolutionary changes took place in narrow populations and very rapidly, for which reason insufficient traces have been left in the fossil record."

In fact, however, recent scientific experiments and observations have revealed that in genetic terms, narrow populations are a disadvantage for evolution. Far from developing in such a way as to give rise to robust new species, narrow populations actually produce severe genetic defects. The reason is that in small populations, individuals continually interbreed, reproducing within a narrow genetic pool. for that reason, normally "heterozygotic" individuals become increasingly "homozygotic." Their normally recessive defective genes become dominant, and genetic defects and diseases increasingly emerge within the population.45

In order to investigate this topic, chickens were observed for 35 years. These observations established that chickens kept in a narrow population became increasingly weaker in genetic terms. Egg production fell from 100% to 80%; reproduction rates from 93% to 74%. but through conscious human intervention—with chickens being brought in from other populations—this genetic contraction was reversed, and the basic chicken population began moving back in the direction of normality.46

This and similar findings clearly show that there is no scientific validity to the claim that narrow populations are the source of evolutionary development, behind which adherents of punctuated evolution find shelter. James W. Valentine and Douglas H. Erwin have stated the impossibility of new species forming by way of punctuated evolutionary mechanisms:

The required rapidity of the change implies either a few large steps or many and exceedingly rapid smaller ones. Large steps are tantamount to saltations and raise the problems of fitness barriers; small steps must be numerous and entail the problems discussed under microevolution. The periods of stasis raise the possibility that the lineage would enter the fossil record, and we reiterate that we can identify none of the postulated intermediate forms. Finally, the large numbers of species that must be generated so as to form a pool from which the successful lineage is selected are nowhere to be found. We conclude that the probability that species selection is a general solution to the origin of higher taxa is not great, and that neither of the contending theories of evolutionary change at the species level, phyletic gradualism or punctuated equilibrium, seem applicable to the origin of new body plans.47

### Punctuated Equilibrium is a Major Disappointment for Evolutionists

Today, the fictitious mechanism of punctuated equilibrium has been totally discredited in scientific terms. It has been proved that living things cannot evolve through the methods in question. as Jeffrey Levinton from the State University of New York has stated, there can be no way to test the theory of species formation in question if it cannot be seen clearly in the fossil record. On that basis, Levinton concluded that "the totality of the evidence makes it a theory not worth following up."48

This is of course true. The claim constituting the foundation of the theory has been refuted scientifically. but the important fact is that the fossil record has provided no evidence for punctuated equilibrium; on the contrary, it has demolished it. Millions of fossils in the record have been in a state of "equilibrium" that the evolutionists claim to have lasted for millions of years, as punctuated equilibrium suggests. Yet for some reason, there is absolutely no trace of the intervening evolution that—again according to the theory—should have lasted for thousands of years, at least. The fossil record provides not one single example of the countless living things expected to have undergone evolution. nor is there a single piece of evidence to show how punctuated equilibrium might work. as the result of their desperate situation, evolutionists try to take one of the greatest proofs of the fact of Creation and use it as a basis for evolution. This clearly demonstrates the terrible position they are in!

How did such an inconsistent theory ever become so popular? in fact, almost all the proponents of punctuated equilibrium are paleontologists, who clearly see how the fossil record refutes Darwinian theory.

This is why they are literally in a state of panic and trying to keep their theory viable at any cost.

On the other hand, geneticists, zoologists and anatomists perceive that no mechanism in nature could give rise to "punctuations," for which reason they insist on supporting the gradual Darwinist theory of evolution. The Oxford University zoologist Richard Dawkins strongly criticizes adherents of the punctuated model of evolution and accuses them of destroying the credibility of the theory as a whole.

This inconclusive dialogue between the two sides is actually evidence of the scientific crisis into which the theory of evolution has fallen. What we have is a myth that cannot be reconciled with any experimental, observational or paleontological findings. All evolutionist theoreticians look for grounds to support this myth, depending on their own field of specialization, but find themselves in conflict with findings from other branches of science. Attempts are sometimes made to gloss over this confusion by means of superficial comments such as "Science advances through such academic debates." Yet the problem is that these debates are not mental gymnastics performed for the sake of coming up with any true scientific theory, but are dogmatic conjecture intended to support a false theory. The fact that evolutionary theoreticians inadvertently reveal is that the fossil record cannot be reconciled with the concept of evolution in any way. and stasis, one of the most important elements in the fossil record, is clearly visible. Gould expresses this in these terms:

. . . stasis, inevitably read as absence of evolution, had always been treated as a non-subject. How odd though to define the most common of all palaeontological phenomena as beyond interest or notice!49

By now, all Darwinists have been forced to admit the fact of stasis in the fossil record, which they are still reluctant to see, deliberately pushing into the background and even refusing to accept as data. The lack of any documentation of fossils undergoing evolution—in other words, the absence of any intermediate forms—has done away with all speculation regarding stasis and clearly reveals this as one of the most significant proofs of the fact of Creation. Punctuated equilibrium has been totally discredited, both by the very mechanisms it proposes and by the fossil record, which it seeks to put forward as evidence.

## Cambrian Fossils and the Creation of Species

The oldest of the Earth's strata in which the fossils of complex life forms appear were laid down in the Cambrian Period, estimated at between 543 and 490 million years ago. In strata older than the Cambrian, no fossils of living things are found, apart from single-celled organisms. In the Cambrian Period, however, a variety of distinctly different life forms suddenly appeared. More than 30 life forms, such as sea urchins, starfish, trilobites, snails and fish appeared in a single moment.

Furthermore, contrary to the assumptions of the theory of evolution, all of the life forms that appeared so suddenly possess highly complex physical structures, not simple "rudimentary" ones.

According to the erroneous theory of evolution, more sophisticated life forms must have evolved from other, more primitive ones. Yet there are no complex life forms at all prior to those of the Cambrian Period. These Cambrian life forms appeared all at once, with not a single earlier forerunner. The British zoologist Richard Dawkins, the best-known living proponent of the theory of evolution, admits that:

It is as though they [Cambrian creatures] were just planted there, without any evolutionary history.50

This fact definitively invalidates the theory of evolution. Because in the Origin of Species, Darwin wrote:

If numerous species, belonging to the same genera or families, have really started into life all at once, the fact would be fatal to the theory of descent with slow modification through natural selection.51

This lethal blow that Darwin so feared came from the Cambrian Period, at the very beginning of the fossil record.

New life forms also appeared suddenly and with complete, flawless structures in the ages after the Cambrian. Basic groups such as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals each appeared on Earth in a single moment and in flawless forms. Not a single intermediate form of the kind hoped for by evolutionists exists among them.

This fact revealed by the fossil record proves that living things have not evolved from the simple to the more complex, neither functionally nor in terms of appearance, but were created by God. The evolutionist Mark Czarnecki admits as much:

A major problem in proving the theory has been the fossil record; the imprints of vanished species preserved in the Earth's geological formations. This record has never revealed traces of Darwin's hypothetical intermediate variants—instead species appear... abruptly, and this anomaly has fueled the creationist argument that each species was created by God.52

## "Missing Link Discovered" Headlines Are an Unscientific Deception

If you've ever read a newspaper headline announcing the discovery of a "missing link," then you can be certain that the report has no scientific value. Serious scientists long ago abandoned the idea of "missing links" and accepted that it is unscientific to make evolutionary conjectures based on fossils.

Henry Gee, a paleontologist and editor of the scientific journal Nature, writes this on the subject in his 1999 book in Search of Deep Time:

Given the ubiquitous chatter of journalists and headline writers about the search for ancestors, and the discovery of missing links, it may come as a surprise to learn that most professional palaeontologists do not think of the history of life in terms of scenarios or narratives, and that they rejected the storytelling mode of evolutionary history as unscientific more than thirty years ago.53

These persistent reports about missing links aim to give the impression that simply making a discovery will confirm the hypothesis that one species develops into another. Yet excavations over the last century and more have left totally unfounded the expectations that intermediate forms between species would be discovered. The eminent palaeontologist A. S. Romer admitted this as far back as 1963:

"Links" are missing just where we most fervently desire them [to point to a transition between species] and it is all too probable that many "links" will continue to be missing.54

Paleontologists have kept their missing links on the "missing list." Yet their own admissions run contrary to the impression that certain media outlets seek to give. for example, Niles Eldredge, and Ian Tattersall lack the media's positive air of expectation:

One of the most pervasive myths in all of paleontology...is the myth that the evolutionary histories of living beings are essentially a matter of discovery.... but if this were really so, one could confidently expect that as more hominid fossils were found the story of human evolution would become clearer. Whereas if anything, the opposite has occurred.55

To sum up, the missing link is not a creature waiting to be discovered, but an idea that palaeontologists have long since abandoned, and which cannot be the subject of any truly scientific inquiry. Therefore, why is it the subject of so much insistent propaganda?

The answer to this question lies in the world-view espoused by the theory of evolution. Materialists and atheists have attempted to keep Darwin's theory alive ever since he first put it forward in the mid-19th century. Because although the theory is based on a completely imaginary scenario, materialists seized on it as a supposedly scientific hypothesis.

The evolutionist thinker Mary Midgley expresses this:

It [the theory of evolution] is, and cannot help being, also a powerful folk-tale about human origins.... Suggestions about how we were made and where we come from are bound to engage our imagination, to shape our views of what we now are, and so to affect our lives.56

At the end of his biology text book Life on Earth, the Darwinist biologist Edward O. Wilson makes this admission on the subject of evolutionist claims:

Every generation needs its own creation myths, and these are ours.57

"Missing link" propaganda is therefore a deception intended to keep the evolutionary myth about the origins alive and influential. Evolutionary propaganda is the most important vehicle materialists have for spreading their views. The concept of the "missing link" is key in terms of Darwin's fictitious idea of all species being traceable to common ancestors. Therefore, the more that evolutionists can keep their concept in the spotlight, the more support they hope to muster for their materialist views. That is behind all their efforts to distract the public from the collapse of Darwinism by means of "missing link" headlines.

Despite the evolutionist media's best endeavors, the fossils they describe are not missing links, and neither can anything about them confirm Darwin's theory. These "news" reports consist solely of unscientific speculation regarding newly discovered fossils of extinct species. Yet this unscientific propaganda will not alter the fact that evolutionist scientists themselves admit that there is no scientific basis to the concept of the missing link, nor is there any trace of intermediate forms in the fossil record. The reality that the fossil record reveals is that evolution never occurred.

## Darwin's Illogical and Unscientific Formula

When the subject of evolution comes up, many people imagine that this is a scientific problem—and that for anyone less knowledgeable than scientists, Darwinism is impossible to understand. They assume it's pointless to argue the issue, one way or the other. Indeed, Darwinists employ Latin words and scientific terms generally unfamiliar to the public in order to encourage this mistaken idea. They engage in complicated descriptions and frequently resort to demagoguery and hollow slogans in order to give the impression they are discussing a highly scientific matter.

In fact, however, Darwinism's basic claim is completely unscientific, and its logical poverty is so obvious that even primary school age children can see it. According to Darwinism, in some unexplained manner, the first cell supposedly formed in the Earth's primeval environment, in a pool of muddy water. and out of that single cell, a literally endless series of coincidences later gave rise to animals, plants, human beings and civilizations. In other words, all of mankind, as well as the entire plant and animal kingdoms, are supposedly the work of an ideal quantity of mud, a long period of time and plentiful coincidences.

According to Darwinists, who are suffering from an obvious logical deficiency, these materials, each one of which is unconscious, gave rise to human beings possessed of reason and conscience, who think, love, feel compassion, possess sound judgment, produce paintings and statues, compose symphonies, write novels, build skyscrapers, construct nuclear reactors, discover the causes of diseases and manufacture drugs to cure them, or engage in politics. They claim that when sufficient time had passed, lions, tigers, rabbits, deer, elephants, cats, dogs, moths, flies, crocodiles and birds all evolved by chance from muddy water. A whole range of fruits and vegetables, with their own unique tastes and smells—oranges, strawberries, bananas, apples, grapes, tomatoes, peppers—flowers with their matchless appearances and other plants all emerged from that same mud.

In short, ever since Darwin's time, countless articles, papers, films, newspaper reports, magazine articles and television programs have repeated the evolutionist scenario in which all of life emerged by chance from mud. In other words, if you ask a Darwinist "How did our civilization arise?" or, "How did such a wide range of life forms come into being?" or, "How did mankind come into existence?" the essential answer you will receive is this: Coincidences gave rise to all these things from mud, over the course of time.

One would doubtless need to be devoid of reason or lack any facility for understanding in order to believe such a tale. Yet surprisingly, that very irrational and illogical theory has had its adherents for many years and is still being propagated constantly under a scientific guise.

## Conclusion

Why, in his Origin of Species, did Darwin refer to living fossils as causing such a great difficulty? Why, faced with these fossils, did evolutionist scientists feel the need to abandon their claims regarding gradual evolution and manufacture a new theory? Why did the capture of a living coelacanth come as such a disappointment, silencing those evolutionists who had pinned all their hopes on it? What is it about living fossils that has inflicted such a collapse on Darwinists?

It is that living fossils declare the fact of Creation.

The disappointment that Darwinists feel is due to their ideological devotion to their theories. In fact, they have seen their theory demolished, but ignore this, even though they are perfectly well aware of it. That they even resort to deceptive methods to cover it up is one of the greatest proofs of this. Instead of admitting the fact of Creation in the face of living fossils, they resort to irrational, illogical theories devoid of any scientific evidence. They seek to conceal living fossil specimens and eliminate millions of examples, while giving pride of place to hand-made hoaxes—a clear indication of their fears. The way that museums display countless fabricated fossil "reconstructions" and depict highly complex life forms like the coelacanth as examples of intermediate forms, while hiding away in the museum vaults fossils of species that still exist today is most thought-provoking.

How scientific is it to adapt evidence to a theory, when the theory cannot be proven? by what right do evolutionists suggest that their claims are proven and scientific, even though they have no evidence whatsoever? Why does the scientific evidence they come up with embarrass them instead of supporting them? What compels evolutionists to stand by their theory, despite the increasing weight of evidence against it?

The reason is that Darwinism is a false religion and system of beliefs. Because it is a dogma that can never be denied. Because it is the basis of materialist philosophy that maintains that matter has existed for all time, and that nothing exists apart from matter. That is why, although new scientific evidence further disproves the theory with every passing day, such efforts are maintained to keep it alive. Yet these have now come to an end. The deceptive methods of Darwinism and Darwinists have failed. The evidence that demolishes evolution is mounting day by day. New proofs of Creation that dash evolutionists' hopes and force them to produce new misleading explanations are constantly emerging.

That is why living fossils leave Darwinists speechless, and are quietly hidden away in museum vaults. with these methods, Darwinists try to conceal God's sublime artistry. The fact is, however, that God is He Who creates all things, Who knows all that they do, and Who keeps them under His rule at all times. God sees Darwinists as they make their plans against Him. God watches them as they seek to conceal His sublime creative artistry. He writes down all they do as they deny His existence. And, whether they believe it or not, willingly or unwillingly, they will be brought into His presence in the Hereafter.

This is the great truth of which Darwinists are unaware: God will surely baffle and disappoint those who strive against Him. It is the law of God that will truly be victorious.

The existence of living fossils is a sublime proof created by God in order to eliminate all Darwinist strategies and reveal all their frauds. as they strive against the true faith, Darwinists forget that God also creates the evidence for it. They are in a state of defeat from the very outset. The teaching of the theory of evolution in schools, speculation regarding evolutionist claims by various media organizations, and the support gathered from scientists are all temporary phenomena. as revealed in the verse: "Rather We hurl the truth against falsehood and it cuts right through it and it vanishes clean away! Woe without end for you for what you portray!" (Surat al-'Anbiya, 18), God will eradicate all false beliefs.

Darwinists today are in a state of panic about this. Since that is so obvious, those who imagine Darwinism to be true must quickly try to see all the evidence pointing to the fact of Creation and to avoid being taken in by such a false religion as the theory of evolution. They must realize that God, Who created the world in such a flawless form, also has the power to create the eternal life of the Hereafter, because human beings can be saved only when they see and comprehend this truth. The theory of evolution, which induces people to deny God, their one Savior, and which strives to survive through constant lies and strategies, is a terrible waste of time and a terrible disappointment. Instead of realizing this in a state of great regret in the Hereafter, seeing it in this world, where all the proofs are so evident, will lead to salvation in both this world and in the Next.

What, then, of Him Who is standing over every self seeing everything it does? Yet still they associate others with God! Say: "Name them! or would you inform Him of something in the earth He does not know, or are they words which are simply guesswork on your part?" However, the plotting of those who disbelieve seems good to them and they bar the way. Anyone misguided by God has no guide. They will receive punishment in the life of this world and the punishment of the Hereafter is harsher still. They have no defender against God. What is the Garden promised to those who guard against evil like? It has rivers flowing under it and its foodstuffs and cool shade never fail. That is the final fate of those who guard against evil. but the final fate of the unbelievers is the Fire. (Surat ar-Ra'd, 33-35)

# Fossil Specimens of Sea Creatures

### Coelacanth

Period: Jurassic

Age: 145 million years

Location: Germany

### Needlefish

Period: Cretaceous

Age : 95 million years

Location: Lebanon

If Darwinists' claims that living things descended from one another were true, then we should encounter a large number of fossil specimens bearing the characteristics of two different life forms (such as a halfneedlefish and half-herring, or a half-whale and half-shark, or a half-trout and half-crocodile). but no such fossil has ever been found. In fact, Darwin saw that this absence of proof posed a major dilemma for him even when he first launched his theory. for that reason, he wrote the following in the chapter "Difficulties on Theory" in his book the Origin of Species:

"Why, if species have descended from other species by insensibly fine gradations, do we not everywhere see innumerable transitional forms? Why is not all nature in confusion instead of the spec es being, as we see them, well defined? . . . But, as by this theory innumerable transitional forms must have existed, why do we not find them embedded in countless numbers in the crust of the earth?" (Charles Darwin, the Origin of Species, New York: Oxford University Press, 1998, pp. 140, 141)

Some 150 years after Darwin's time, the problem facing evolutionists is exactly the same.

### Star Fish

Period: Ordovician

Age: 490 to 443 million years

Location: Morocco

Starfish generally live on the sea floor, and some species live at depths of 7,000 meters. Evolutionists are in a hopeless position when faced with these echinoderms, which have survived unchanged for around half a billion years. These creatures have remained exactly the same, not for 10 million or 100 million years, nor even for 200 million, but for roughly 500 million years.

If evolutionists' claims were true, then starfish should long since have turned into different life forms over the course of 500 million years, and the remains of many odd-looking creatures, halfstarfish and partly some other invertebrate, should be visible in the fossil record. Yet the fossil record contains no such evidence for evolutionists' claims.

As the 500-million-year-old starfish pictured here proves, starfish have always existed as starfish,care not descended from any other life form, and never turned into any other species.

### Moon Coral

Period: Devonian

Age: 350 million years

Location: Morocco

### Halfbeak

Period: Jurassic

Age: 152 million years

Location: Germany

The halfbeak has a long, beak-like jaw, conical in shape and equipped with powerful teeth.

Comparison of this 150-million-year-old fossil discovered in Germany with specimens living today shows that the species has undergone no change in its appearance, nor any other changes in its bone and tail structure. Halfbeaks are one of the countless species that demonstrate the invalidityof evolution. Halfbeaks, the oldest known specimens of which date back to the Jurassic period (206-144 million years ago) have remained unchanged for millions of years.

### Eel

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 95 million years

Location: Lebanon

Fossils from the same species exhibit no changes throughout the time they appear in the fossil record. That fact was well-known to paleontologists even before Darwin published his Origin of Species. Darwin prophesied that subsequent generations would find new fossils to fill the gaps; but following all the paleontological research that has taken place over the last 120 years or so, it has become clear the fossil record will not confirm that prediction. Despite the passage of 95 million years, the eel in the picture has not altered in the slightest. It has never evolved or turned into any other life form.

### Sea horse

Period: Pliocene

Age: 3 million years

Location: Italy

Sea horses are very striking with their external appearance and special structures. They vary between 4 and 30 cm (1.5 to 12 inches) in length and generally live among seaweeds and other plants along coastal strips. Their protective armor keeps these animals safe from danger. That armor is so strong that it is almost impossible to break a dead sea horse with one's bare hands. The three-million-year-old sea horse in the picture says that "life forms do not evolve," and that God creates them all.

### Stingray

Period: Eocene

Age: 54 to 37 million years

Location: USA

Stingrays are cartilaginous fish. In the face of a threat, they defend themselves with the stings on their tails. Their eyes are located above their flattened bodies and their mouths are underneath. Just like sharks, they find their food by using their sense of smell and by electrical senses. They generally live submerged on the ocean floor, with only their eyes and tails discernable. The fossil pictured evidences that fish have not undergone evolution. Stingrays that lived 50 million years ago were no different from the ones living today. Despite the passage of millions of years, no change has occurred in the structure of stingrays. if evolution had really taken place, then stingrays would have undergone various stages, leaving behind many fossils documenting these sequential stages. However each fossil discovered reveal that today's stingrays and those that lived in the past are the same. All these deny the claims of evolutionists.

### Squid

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 95 million years

Location: Lebanon

The 95-million-year-old fossil pictured here is proof that squid have always existed as squid throughout geologic history, defying evolutionist claims. Unable to provide the slightest evidence that squid evolved from an earlier life form or developed any further, evolutionists are completely undermined by the fossil record.

### Crab

Period: Oligocene

Age: 38-23 million years

Location: Denmark

The fossil record is rich enough to permit a general comprehension of the origin of living things and provides us with a definite scenario: Various species of living creatures appeared on Earth all at once, individually and without "evolving" through any intermediate forms. This is one of the proofs that Almighty God created all living creatures.

One of these fossils that demonstrates the clear fact of creation is shown here: The nearly 35-million-year-old remains of a crab.

### Stingray

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 95 million years

Location: Lebanon

Like all other fish, stingrays have always existed as stingrays. Darwinist hypotheses, claims and theses are of no scientific worth, because all the scientific data, beginning with fossil findings, refute its assertions. The hoaxes, distortions and propaganda to which Darwinists resort in order to keep their theories alive are pointless.

As the 95-million-year-old stingray pictured here shows, living things tell us that they did not evolve, but were created, and this fact is impossible to be concealed.

### Sea Urchin

Period: Carboniferous

Age: 295 million years

Location: USA

Pennsylvanian sea urchins are echinoderms that can be found today in all seas of the world. Sea urchi fossils dating back 300 million years reveal that these invertebrates with their complex structures have existed for millions of years. During all that time, no change have occurred in their structure, and they have undergone no intermediate stages. Darwinists are desperate when confronted by these fossils, for they prove that the evolution process has never existed.

### Soldier Fish

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 95 million years

Location: Lebanon

The fact that soldier fish living 95 million years ago were identical to those in existence today shows that these fish have never changed over millions of years. This state of affairs, which refutes the Darwinist claim that living things evolved by changing, puts evolutionists in an impossible position. Concrete scientific findings such as the fossil record have proved that evolution never happened.

### Hatchetfish

Period: Oligocene

Age: 37 - 23 million years

Location: Czech Republic

Like several other deep sea fish these small, bright, silver fish resembling hatchets in appearance have light producing organs beneath their stomachs. These fish have up to 100 light organs capable of emitting light beneath their bodies. The hatchet fish, which has lived in the seas for millions of years with this perfect creation, never developed out of any other life form and has never turned into another one. The 37-to-23-million-year-old hatchet fish from the Oligocene period in the picture was found in the Czech Republic and is identical to specimens living today.

### Opalescent Squid

Period: Jurassic

Age: 148 million years

Location: Germany

Like other created like forms, this 148-million-year-old opalescent squid has come down unchanged to the present day. This is obvious proof that evolution never happened and that God creates all living things. The opalescent squid is one of the decapod family, and has 10 limbs protruding from its mouth region. Opalescent squids have highly sensitive senses of smell and taste. Their eyes are so powerful that with the vision they enjoy, by means of 70 million eye cells, they can immediately recognize a danger approaching from behind and perform a series of movements to protect themselves. God has given this animal a perfect defensive system. When attacked, the opalescent squid emits a dark-colored liquid from its ink sac, thus confusing the predator and allowing it to escape at high speed.

### Garfish

Period: Eocene

Age: 54 – 37 million years

Location: USA

Hundreds of garfish fossils that have been collected give evidence that these still-living fish have remained unchanged for millions of years. The garfish pictured, between 54 and 37 million years old, is no different from those living in our seas today. This exact similarity is an inexplicable situation for Darwinists and once again proves the fact of creation.

### Octopus

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 95 million years

Location: Lebanon

The octopus is a member of the cephalopod class. Their bodies are short and round. They have a pair of highly developed eyes. Eight arms emerge from around their heads. These arms are all of the same length and are connected to one another at the bottom by a thin membrane. There are two rows of suckers on each arm. Different species vary in size from two to three cm to 10 meters (one inch to 30 feet) in length. They move across the sea bottom by crawling along on their arms, or can also move much faster using a jet system to emit the water they absorb into their bodies at high speed. Octopi also have an advanced ability to change color, which enables them to conceal themselves with ease. They open mussel and oyster shells, place a stone inside to prevent the shell from closing again, and consume the contents.

Since they have no shells, they can flatten their bodies and arms and squeeze into very tight spaces. Like other life forms, the octopus is the work of God's magnificent creation.

### Horseshoe Crab

Period: Jurassic

Age: 150 million years

Location: Germany

With their characteristics that have gone unaltered for millions of years, horseshoe crabs, members of the family Chelicerata, are among those life forms regarded as "living fossils," even by evolutionists.

Horseshoe crabs living in the Jurassic Period, approximately 150 million years ago, are identical to those living along seacoasts today. This lack of differences demolishes evolutionist claims and once again proves that the thesis of living things' evolution of is a ridiculous myth.

Science irrefutably reveals that living things are the work of Almighty and All-Powerful God.

### Paddle Fish

Period: Eocene

Age: 50 million years

Location: USA

The paddle fish's highly pronounced spatula-like mouth, its nose structure and the small fins along most of the length of its body can be clearly seen in this 50-million-year-old fossil. The animal has never changed in the intervening 50 million years, and never evolved. When he launched his theory of evolution, Charles Darwin claimed that life forms evolved from one another by way of mutations; yet the millions of fossils that have been unearthed show that life forms are not descended from one another, and that they have remained the same since they were first created to the present day. The scientist Stephen Jay Gould states how no passage between species is possible through mutations:

" _A mutation doesn't produce major new raw material [DNA]. You don't make new species by mutating the species." (Stephen Jay Gould, "Is a New and General Theory of Evolution Emerging?", Lecture at Hobart & William Smith Colleges, 4 February 1980)_

### Sawfish

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 95 million years

Location: Lebanon

There are no differences between present-day specimens and the 95-millionyear- old sawfish pictured. This, by itself, puts the theory of evolution in a severe quandary. Our Almighty Lord has created all living things as separate species, which have survived unchanged from the moment of their creation right down to today.

### Catshark

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 95 million years

Location: Lebanon

Cat sharks that lived millions of years ago possessed all the same fully formed features as those living today—as is confirmed by the 95-million-year-old cat shark pictured, which is identical to present-day specimens.

God has created cat shark to be fully formed and with nothing lacking, as He has all other living things. Like them, cat sharks never underwent evolution.

# Fossil Specimens of Plants

### Willow

Period: Eocene

Age: 54-37 million years

Location: USA

### Pine Cone

Period: Early Tertiary

Age: 65-23 million years

Location: Germany

The structure of cones, organs on conifers that contain the plant's ovaries, has remained the same for millions of years, as with the structures of all other living species. This cone, 65 to 23 million years old, and identical ones of our day are one of the important examples revealing that throughout these long ages, evolution has never occurred.

### Magnolia Leaf

Period: Eocene

Age: 50 million years

Location: Canada

Magnolia trees, with green leaves that do not fall in winter and with their delightful scent, have never changed and continue to be one of the Earth's loveliest adornments.

Had evolution really taken place, which it definitely did not, then life forms should appear gradually with small changes and should also continue to change. However, the fossil record shows the exact opposite. Different living classes appeared suddenlyin the fossil record, with no ancestors behind them, and have remained in a state of stasis for hundreds of millions of years.

God created all living things. Fossil specimens dating back millions of years reveal this fact once again in the most flawless way. God is the sublime and almighty Creator of all things.

### Sycamore Ranch with Seed Pods

Period: Oligocene

Age: 38-23 million years

Location: USA

Evolutionists claim that plants originated from a common ancestor, yet they fail to offer a single scientific finding to prove it.

On the other hand, innumerable findings show that plants were separately created, with features distinct to each species, and that they did not evolve. One of these is the 38- to 23-millionyear- old sycamore branch that fossilized together with its seed pods. This fossil, which is no different from the sycamores alive today, invalidates the theory of evolution.

### Redbud Leaf

Period: Eocene

Age: 50 million years

Location: Canada

In terms of both general structure, and also when examined microbiologically, leaves can be seen to have highly detailed and complex systems planned in every way in order to provide the greatest energy production possible. In order to be able to manufacture energy, the leaf needs to receive heat and carbon dioxide from the external environment. All the structures in leaves are arranged in order that these two elements can easily be obtained. for example, leaves have broad surfaces and this facilitates the exchanges of gas necessary for photosynthesis (processes such as the absorption of carbon dioxide and the emission of oxygen).

All plant leaves have had these features since the moment they first came into being and none has ever acquired them as the result of blind chance. God has created them with great wisdom, together with their wondrous properties.

### Grape Leaf

Period: Oligocene

Age: 38-23 million years

Location: USA

The theory of evolution cannot explain the origins of living organisms and is also desperate in the face of fossil grape leaf, showing that the species has remained unchanged for tens of millions of years. Such fossils, proving that living organisms have stayed the same as long as they've existed, have dealt a fatal blow to the theory of evolution. as many other branches of science, paleontology also confirms that Creation is an obvious fact.

Lancashire, United Kingdom

Green River Formation, USA

for the last 150 years, every corner of the Earth has been excavated in search of fossils, and millions of them have been discovered. but among all these fossils, there exists not a single half-developed specimen that possesses the features of two different living species—which can be termed an intermediate "missing link." Every fossil discovered so far reveals that living beings emerged all of a sudden and have never changed, as long as they did not become extinct. This has a clear implication: God created living beings.

### Ginkgo Leaf

Period: Paleocene

Age: 65-54 million years

Location: USA

Throughout history, turtles have remained as turtles, gnats have remained as gnats, ants have remained as ants and ginkgo leaves remained as ginkgo leaves. No matter how old a fossil ginkgo leaf we examine is, we see that it has the very same structure of today's ginkgos. The leaves are the very same, whether 50 million years old or hundreds of millions of years old. Like all other living things, the ginkgo has not undergone any changes and has not lived through any process of evolution. Each species is created in the same way with the superior artistry of our Lord.

### Zelkova Leaf

Period: Eocene

Age: 46 million years

Location: USA

The greatest dilemma facing the advocates of the scenario of plant evolution is how the first plant cell evolved. Then they have no answer to the question of how the first plant, and the thousands of species of plants alive today, formed from that first cell. Not one single transitional fossil exists to support the existence of such a process; there are no fossils with semi-developed organs or systems, and no evidence that one plant is the ancestor of any other. On the contrary, fossils show that every species of plant emerged suddenly with its own unique characteristics and never changed so long as the species survived. One of these fossils is this 46-million-year-old fossil elm leaf, which is identical to elm leaves today.

### Sycamore Leaf

Period: Eocene

Age: 50 million years

Location: USA

Examining the fossil history and structural features of plants living on land, we come across facts that are incompatible with what the theory of evolution asserts. Plants shown in almost all biology books have no fossil records that verify the so-called evolutionary process. Most of today's species have left very satisfactory remains in the fossil records, and none of these shows any features confirming a transition from one species to the next. All are distinct species, created with their distinctive features in their original forms, and have left no transitional connections, as claimed.

The 50-million-year-old sycamore leaf fossil in the picture also verifies this fact.

### Poplar Leaf

Period: Eocene

Age: 54 to 37 million years

Location: USA

This fossil—which proves that poplars are not descended from any other plant, that they have no evolutionary forerunner and have always existed as poplars—is a proof of Creation. Poplars that lived around 50 million years ago are identical in every respect to present-day poplars, revealing that evolution is a figment of the imagination.

### Katsura Tree Leaf

Period: Paleocene

Age: 58 million years

Location: USA

All the structures possessed by leaves are of vital importance. Flawlessly functioning systems like those in existence today need to be present all together for a plant to live and reproduce. These structures cannot, therefore, come into being gradually. All the fossil plants that have been found confirm that they have had the same perfect structures since plants first appeared on Earth. One of these is the 85- million-year-old katsura tree leaf, shown in the picture, which has come down to the present day with all its details preserved.

### Sassafras Leaf

Period: Eocene

Age: 54-37 million years

Location: Canada

One of the most familiar forms of Darwinist propaganda are groundless slogans along the lines of "Rejection of the theory of evolution is a dogma," or "Denying the theory of evolution is unscientific." in fact, however, such statements are preconceptions based on evolutionists' biased conception of science. "Science," according to the Darwinist definition, is not a discipline that researches, investigates and analyses its findings in a neutral manner and then accepts the results of those findings.

According to Darwinists, scientific inquiries must first confirm their own beliefs and ideas and in the process, which findings must be interpreted by distorting them in line with evolutionist dogma.

### Honeysuckle Leaf

Period: Paleocene

Age: 58 million years

Location: USA

The absence of any differences between the 58-million-year-old honeysuckle leaf pictured here and those alive today is a sufficient response by itself to evolutionist claims. One of the major predicaments that confronts scientists espousing the scenario of plant evolution is the lack of even a single intermediate-form fossil. There are no "primitive" plant fossils with half-developed systems. to date, no evidence has been produced that one plant is the ancestor of any other. Therefore, family trees purporting to show the supposed evolution of plants are entirely imaginary, with no scientific basis to them at all.

### Alder Leaf

Period: Eocene

Age : 50 million years

Location: Canada

Alder is the name given to trees from the species Alnus, members of the birch (Betulaceae) family. Various subspecies grow in Turkey. This 50-million-year-old fossil alder leaf, found in British Columbia, Canada, is concrete evidence that the gradual development claimed by evolutionists never happened. God created alders with the same appearance and features as they have today.

### Sumac Leaf

Period: Eocene

Age: 45 million years

Location: USA

Plants have been making photosynthesis in the same way they do today for millions of years. They possessed hydraulic systems powerful enough to crack concrete, pumps that can raise water absorbed from the soil many meters in height and chemical factories that manufacture food for living things. Plants were created hundreds of millions of years ago.

### Auracarian Cone

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 125 million years

Location: Brazil

A huge number of very different species are living on the Earth. These life forms are equipped with ever more complex features that totally do away with Darwinism.

Darwinists are totally unable to account for this; flawless fossils of these living things that have survived millions of years down to the present day leave them literally speechless.

Fossils of living things that lived millions of years in the past show that living things never evolved and that the theory of evolution is devoid of any supporting evidence and a totally invalid theory. with their complex equipment and characteristics unique to their own species, living things that lived millions of years ago, and those living today, are all miracles created by God.

### Turkey Oak Leaf

Period: Pliocene

Age: 5.1 - 1.8 million years

Location: Bulgaria

Plants are magnificent life forms, with photosynthesis systems that turn light into food and that constantly produce energy and oxygen, with mechanisms that cleanse nature and establish an ecological balance and aesthetic properties that speak to human beings, such as taste, smell and color.

Today only some 10,000 species of plants, which have matchless systems for very beneficial purposes, have been studied; however, that research has shown that every plant possesses the most amazing features of creation.

Evolutionists simply have no logical and scientific response to the question of howplants first appeared. as with other matters, the only account they can come up with for the existence of plants is purely imaginary scenarios. It is Almighty God, the Creator of the Earth and sky and all that lies between, Who creates plants.

### Palm Leaf

Period: Eocene

Age: 50 million years

Location: USA

Fossil research over the last 150 years has shown that the hopes of Darwin and the evolutionists who followed him were all in vain, and not a single transitional form fossil has ever been found.

Today there are some 700 million fossils in thousands of museums and collections. All these fossils belong to species with their own unique characteristics, and that are completely distinct from one another. None of the half-fish, half-amphibian, or halfdinosaur, half-bird, or half-monkey, half-human and similar life forms that evolutionists sought with great expectations have ever been encountered. All the fossils unearthed, such as the palm leaf fossil in the picture, are findings that refute evolution.

### Persea Leaf

Period: Eocene

Age: 50 million years

Location: USA

The avocado is the best known member of this plant family of 150 species, whose leaves never fall. This 50-million-yearold fossil persea leaf is exactly the same as those living today. Neither animals nor plants gradually changed. They never evolved. God created all living things.

### Clubmossl

Period: Carboniferous

Age: 330 million years

Location: England

This plant grows around tree trunks on the banks of rivers and draws on the water of the roots of the plant it clings to. All the features of clubmoss were the same hundreds of millions of years in the past as they are today. The 330-million-year-old fossil clubmoss in the picture is identical to clubmoss living today.

# The Darwinist Deception on the Subject of Birds and the Origin of Flight

According to one of the evolution scenario's claims, some water-dwelling amphibians developed into fully terrestrial reptiles. One branch of this group evolved further, constituting the ancestors of today's birds.

According to evolutionist claims, these imaginary creatures descended from their alleged reptilian ancestors some 150 to 200 million years ago, acquiring new characteristics gradually and in stages until they emerged as fully-fledged birds. as this scenario requires, their attempts at flight also emerged in stages before taking on its presently flawless ability.

However, despite all the efforts expended over the last century and a half,not a single trace has ever been found of the half-bird, half-reptile creatures that evolutionists assume must once have lived. No transitional forms covered half in scales and half in feathers, or with halfdeveloped wings, have ever been found in the Earth's geological strata. In fact, contrary to what's been conjectured, only fossils with perfect structures—the remains of flawless, fully formed living things—have ever been discovered.

One of evolutionists' most unbelievable claims is the thesis they propose to account for how terrestrial animals supposedly began to fly. According to this tale, one that even primary school children would find ridiculous, the forearms of reptiles that hunted flies eventually turned into wings, and the animals began flying. This thesis, a complete misery of logic, is just one of the countless examples of the desperate straits in which Darwinism finds itself. So great is the logical collapse Darwinists exhibited that they never even consider the question of "How were the flies the reptiles were chasing able to fly?"

The fact is that flies have an utterly immaculate flight system.

While human beings cannot flap their arms even 10 times a second, an average fly is able to beat its wings 500 times a second. In addition, both its wings beat simultaneously. The slightest discrepancy between the movements of the two wings would cause the fly to lose balance. if the Darwinists' claims were true, then a great many other animals famed for their high speed also would chase flies, and lions, leopards, cheetahs and horses should also one day have grown wings and started flying. Darwinists adorn these claims with scientific and Latin terminology, and millions of people naively believe them. The fact is, though, scientific findings openly and clearly reveal the invalidity of evolutionist claims. Not a single example of a living thing gradually acquiring wings has ever been encountered in the fossil record. Research reveals that any such transition is impossible.

### Confuciusornis

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 120 million years

Location: China

The theory of evolution claims that birds evolved from small therapod dinosaurs—in other words, from reptiles. The fact is, however, that anatomical comparisons between birds and reptiles refute this claim, as does the fossil record.

The fossil pictured belongs to an extinct species of bird known as Confuciusornis, the first specimenof which was discovered in China in 1995. Confuciusornis bears a very close resemblance to present-day birds and has demolished the scenario of bird evolution that evolutionists have proposed for decades.

In describing the imaginary evolution of birds, evolutionists for years used the bird known as Archæopteryx as evidence. All the subsequent scientific findings made, however, show this claim to be untrue. The Conficiusornis fossil is another piece of evidence showing that Archæopteryx cannot be the supposed forerunner of birds. This bird, from the same period as Archæopteryx (around 140 million years ago), has no teeth. Its beak and feathers have the same characteristics as those of present-day birds. Its skeletal structure is also identical to that of modern-day birds, and it has talons on its wings, as does Archæopteryx. The structure known as the pygostyle, which supports the tail feathers, is also present in this bird. In short, this creature, the same age as Archæopteryx—which evolutionists regard as the oldest supposed forebear of birds, as being half-reptile and half-bird—bears a very close resemblance to modern-day birds. This fact refutes evolutionist theses to the effect that Archæopteryx is the primitive forerunner of all birds.

### Messel Bird

Period: Eocene

Age: 50 million years

Location: Germany

The bird fossil was named for having been discovered in the famous Messel shales. None of the bodily mechanisms of birds, which have a completely different structure from terrestrial life forms, can be explained in terms of any gradual evolutionary model. First of all, wings—the most important feature that makes birds what they are—represent a complete impasse for the theory of evolution. Evolutionists themselves state the impossibility of a reptile being able to fly and indeed, that this claim is contradicted by the fossil record. The ornithologist Alan Feduccia, for example, asks, "How do you derive birds from a heavy, earthbound, bipedal reptile that has a deep body, a heavy balancing tail, and fore-shortened forelimbs? Biophysically, it's impossible." ("Jurassic Bird Challenges Origin Theories," Geotimes, January 1996, p. 7.)

### Liaoningornis

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 140 million years

Location: China

Yet another discovery that invalidates evolutionist claims regarding the origin of birds is the Liaoningornis fossil shown here. The existence of this bird, around 140 million years of age and first discovered in China in November 1996, was announced by the ornithologists Lianhin Hou, and Martin and Alan Feduccia in an article published in Science magazine.

Liaoningornis had a breastbone to which the flight muscles were attached, as in present-day birds.

It was also identical to birds living today in all other respects. The sole difference was that it had teeth in its jaw. This showed that odontornithes (toothed birds) by no means had the kind of primitive structure claimed by evolutionists. Indeed, in an analysis in Discover magazine Alan Feduccia stated that Liaoningornis invalidated the claim that dinosaurs constitute the origin of birds. ("Old Bird," Discover, 21 March 1997.)

### Liaoxiornis

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 144-65 million years

Location: China

All the fossils unearthed show that birds have always existed as birds, and that they have not evolved from any other life form. Darwinists, who maintain that birds evolved from terrestrial animals, are actually well aware of this, and are unable to account for how wings and the flight mechanism emerged through an evolutionary process and through random mechanisms such as mutation. The Turkish biologist Engin Korur admits the impossibility of wing evolution: "The common feature of eyes and wings is that they can perform their functions only when they are fully developed. to put it another way, sight is impossible with a deficient eye, and flight is impossible with half a wing. How these organs appeared is still one of those secrets of nature that have not yet been fully illuminated." (Engin Korur, "Gozlerin ve Kanatlarin Sirri" ("The Secret of Eyes and Wings"), Bilim ve Teknik, No. 203, October 1984, p. 25.)

Powerful wing muscles must be securely attached to the bird's breastbone, and have a structure suitable for lifting the bird into the air and establishing balance and movement in all directions when aloft. It is also essential that bird's wing and tail feathers be light, flexible and in proportion to one another—that they should have a perfect aerodynamic framework making flight possible.

At this point, the theory of evolution faces a major dilemma: The question of how this wing's flawless structure could have emerged as the result of a succession of random mutations goes unanswered. "Evolution" can never explain how a reptile's forelegs could have developed into a flawless wing as the result of impairments in its genes—that is, mutations.

As the quotation cited on the preceding page states, flight is impossible with just a half wing. Therefore, even if we assume that a mutation of some kind did cause some kind of changes in a reptile's forelegs, it is still irrational to expect that a wing could emerge by chance, as a result of other mutations being added on. Any mutation in the front legs would not endow the animal with wings, but would deprive it of the use of its forelegs. This would leave the creature physically disadvantaged (crippled, in other words) compared to other members of its species.

According to biophysical research, mutations take place only very rarely. Therefore, it is impossible to expect such handicapped creatures to wait for millions of years for their half-formed, functionless wings to be completed by small mutations.

### Confuciusornis Sanctus

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 120 million years

Location: China

The French scientific journal Science et Vie made the following comment regarding this bird, now known as Confuciusornis sanctus:

"According to Chinese and American palaeontologists examining the fossil . . . they were dealing with a first class discovery. This flying bird, the same approximate size as a water rail, is around 157 million years old . . . older than Archæopteryx." (Jean Philippe Noel, "Les Oiseaux de la Discorde," Science et Vie, No. 961, October 1997, p. 83.)

The significance of this discovery is obvious; the fact that Confuciusornis lived during the same period as a life form claimed to have been the supposed forerunner of birds—and the fact that it bears a very close similarity to present-day birds—totally invalidates evolutionists' claims.

### Confuciusornis Sanctus

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 125 million years

Location: China

There are several structural differences between birds and reptiles, one of the most important of these being bone structure. The bones of dinosaurs—regarded by evolutionists as the supposed ancestors of birds—are thick and solid, making them very heavy. On the other hand, the bones of birds—both living and extinct species—are all hollow and thus very light, which is of great importance in their being able to fly.

Another difference between birds and reptiles is their different metabolic rates. Reptiles have one of the slowest metabolisms of all life forms on Earth, while birds hold the highest. Due to a sparrow's very fast metabolism, for example, its body temperature may sometimes rise to as high as 48°C (118.4 F). Reptiles are unable to generate their own body heat, warming their bodies by basking in the sun's rays. Reptiles consume energy the slowest, while birds consume it the highest of all.

Despite his being an evolutionist, Alan Feduccia strongly opposes the theory that birds and dinosaurs are related, on the basis of scientific findings. On the subject of the dino-bird evolution thesis, he has this to say:

Well, I've studied bird skulls for 25 years and I don't see any similarities whatsoever. I just don't see it . . . The theropod origins of birds, in my opinion, will be the greatest embarrassment of paleontology of the 20th century. (Pat Shipman, "Birds Do It... Did Dinosaurs? " New Scientist, 1 February 1997, p. 28.)

# Fossil Specimens of Insects

### Weevil

Period: Oligocene

Age: 25 million years

Location: Dominican Republic

### Winged Ant

Period: Oligocene

Age: 25 million years

Location: Dominican Republic

Winged ants have two long wings 5 to 8 millimeters (1.9 to 3.1 in) in length. They build their nests close to sources of food and water. These ants have remained unchanged for millions of years. The fossil ant in 25-million-year-old amber shows that these insects have been remained the same for millions of years, in other words, they did not undergo evolution.

### Assassin Bug

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 100 million years

Location: Myanmar

The 350 million or so fossils unearthed have revealed that species are not descended from one another and that they never evolved. The assassin bug, as seen in the 100-million-year-old fossil below has come down to us completely unchanged to the present day. The fact that Darwinists still maintain that evolution took place, despite seeing millions of fossils that have never changed, clearly shows they are under a kind of magic spell of belief in this dogma. but the evolutionists' endeavors have all been in vain, and 21st century paleontology has spelled the end of the theory of evolution.

### Crane Fly

Period: Oligocene

Age: 25 million years

Location: Dominican Republic

The body, antennae and the prefect structure in the compound eyes of this 25-million-year-old crane fly can all clearly be seen. The preservation of its soft tissue in amber for millions of years is powerful evidence that crane flies have never changed.

### Scelionid Wasp

Period: Eocene

Age: 50 million years

Location: Poland

Large or small, all living things possess rather superior characteristics and wide-ranging forms of behavior. This clearly shows that living things cannot come into being by chance, and that they are specially inspired and created entities.

### Dark-Winged Fungus Gnat

Period: Oligocene

Age: 25 million years

Location: Dominican Republic

This dark-winged fungus gnat is 25 million years old, defying the claims of evolutionists.

### True Bug

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 125 million years

Location: Brazil

Insects have remained as insects, spiders as spiders, fish as fish and birds as birds ever since the moment they were first created. The intervening millions of years have not led to any changes in life forms. Just like other life forms, this insect from the order Heteroptera has been created in a flawless manner. This 125-million-year-old fossil is just one of the many proofs that refute evolution.

### Barklouse

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 100 million years

Location: Myanmar

Barklice belong to the order Psocoptera. The earliest known fossils date back to the Permian Period (290 to 248 million years ago). The bark louse pictured lived 100 million years earlier, in the Cretaceous Period (144 to 65 million years ago). with their wings, eyes and other organs, barklice have remained unchanged for hundreds of millions of years and invalidate scenarios stemming from evolutionists' imaginations.

### Springtail

Period: Oligocene

Age: 25 million years

Location: Dominican Republic

There is no difference between springtails that lived 25 million years ago and those alive today.

### Winged Termite

Period: Oligocene

Age: 25 million years

Location: Dominican Republic

Although termites resemble ants, they actually possess very different characteristics and abilities. Termites have been living in colonies for millions of years and have come down to the present day with their structures totally unchanged. Termite fossils 250 million years old are one of the proofs of this. All the termites that have ever lived during the intervening millions of years have been identical to those living today. Just like worker termites that lived 250 million years ago, those living today engage in altruistic behavior, feed the larvae, soldiers and queens, and build nests many meters in size—despite being sightless. The characteristics of present-day termites also apply, without exception, to all termites that have ever lived.

The termite fossil in amber in the picture is 25 million years old.

### Earwig

Period: Oligocene

Age: 25 million years

Location: Dominican Republic

There are millions of fossils that literally silence Darwinism. One of the fossils that leave Darwinists utterly helpless is this earwig in 25-million-year-old amber. as with all other fossil findings, this fossil shows that evolution is invalid.

### Weevil

Period: Eocene

Age: 54-37 million years

Location: USA

Weevils, part of the Curculionidae superfamily, represent more than 60 separate species. When the fossil record is examined, it appears that these bugs have always existed as weevils, did not evolve from any other life form, have remained unchanged for tens of millions of years and never developed into any other species. One of the proofs is the weevil fossil pictured here. It is between 54 and 37 million years old, and identical to specimens living today.

### Marchfly

Period: Eocene

Age: 50 million years

Location: Canada

With its structure and appearance, which have not altered for tens of millions of years, the marchfly is one of the countless life forms that challenge the theory of evolution.

These insects, which average 3 to 12 millimeters (0.1 to 0.4 in) in length, emerge in the springtime, live close to the surface of the soil, and damage plants. The organisms belonging to this family are some of the oldest known flies.

### Walking Stick

PPeriod: Eocene

Age: 50 million years

Location: Poland

One of the important features of these creatures, members of the family Phasmatidae, is their ability to change color, depending on light, temperature, humidity and even the abundance of food. This change comes about through an alteration in the density and location of pigment, or else through the formation of new pigment.* the 50-million-year-old fossil walking stick pictured was also able to change colors, just like specimens living today.

### Sap Beetle

Period: Oligocene

Age: 25 million years

Location: Dominican Republic

Of those insects belonging to the family Nitidulidae (Coleoptera), only those living on flowers are regarded as pests. The great majority of species feed on pollen and sap. Coleoptera alive today have exactly the same characteristics as those that lived millions of years ago. This fact, confirmed by fossil discoveries, is an indication that the insects in question did not form in stages, in other words that they did not evolve.

### Spider

Period: Oligocene

Age: 25 million years

Location: Poland

Spiders are one of the most numerous groups in the animal kingdom and possess many miraculous properties. One of these properties is the knowledge of geometry inspired in them by God and the architectural marvels, their webs, which they construct using that knowledge. This 25-million-year-old spider fossil is identical to spiders living today, and this proves this life form was created in a moment with all its characteristics and that it has never changed.

### Long-Legged Fly

Period: Eocene

Age: 45 million years

Location: Russia

Like this long-legged fly pictured, the hundreds of fossils in this book (and the billions on Earth) are clear proofs that no such thing as evolution ever took place, and that living things emerged on Earth perfectly formed and in a single moment. In other words, they were created. Almighty God, Lord of the Earth and sky and all that lies between, created the entire universe and all the infinite number of entities, living and non-living, within it. Led astray by a preconception, evolutionists defend this theory in terrible ignorance.

One of the best responses to them is given by fossils, which clearly and indisputable reveal that evolution is a myth.

### Drangonfly

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 125 million years

Location: Brazil

One of the most important abilities of dragonflies is their enormous maneuverability. No matter at what speed or which direction it may be flying, the dragonfly can suddenly stop and head off again in the opposite direction. In a very short space of time, it can attain 40 kilometers/hour (25 mph), an astonishing speed for an insect. It is impossible to account for the magnificent way in which the dragonfly uses its wings by any model of gradual evolution. The wing represents a complete impasse for evolutionists.

### Snipe Fly

Period: Eocene

Age: 50 million years

Location: Poland

The basic claim made by Darwinism is that life forms developed in stages and supposedly advanced by way of evolution. Yet when we look at the concrete evidence we see no evidence to support this fictitious myth of Darwinism's. Darwinism has not been confirmed even once by any scientific finding over the last 150 years or so. On the contrary, it has been refuted by each and every new discovery. One such finding is the 50-million-year-old fossil snipe fly in the picture. Like other species of fly, this fossil proves that snipe flies have never changed; in other words, that they did not evolve.

### Brown Lacewing

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 100 million years

Location: Myanmar

The brown lacewing belongs to the family Chrysopidae, from the order Neuroptera. This life form is widely seen in North America and Europe, and has survived for hundreds of millions of years completely unchanged. Evolutionists claim that life forms gradually turn into other life forms through a series of gradual changes. But, as can be seen from this example, life forms have never changed since the moment they were first created.

### Wasp

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 125 million years

Location: Brazil

A. Brouwer, author of the book General Paleontology, summarizes the defeat suffered by Darwinism at the hands of fossils:

"One of the most surprising negative results of paleontological research in the last century is that such transitional forms seem to be inordinately scarce. In Darwin's time this could perhaps be ascribed with some justification to the incompleteness of the paleontological record and to lack of knowledge, but with the enormous number of fossil species which have been discovered since then, other causes must be found for the almost complete absence of transitional forms." (A. Brouwer, General Paleontology [translated by R. H. Kaye], Edinburgh & London: Oliver & Boyd, 1967, pp. 162-163)

Evolutionists do not need to "look for excuses," as Brouwer puts it, but to see the facts. Countless fossils, such as the 125-million-year-old wasp fossil pictured here, show that evolution never took place, and that living things are created.

### Stone Fly

Period: Eocene

Age: 50 million years

Location: Russia

Stone flies range between 5 and 10 millimeters (0.1 and 0.3 in) in length and have twolong antennae; their larvae are used as fishing bait. They too have remained unchanged for millions of years. This 50-million-year-old fossil stone fly pictured is identical to stone flies living today.

### Mymarid Wasp (Mymaridae)

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 100 million years

Location: Myanmar

Pictured is a 50-million-year-old wasp preserved in Baltic amber. Like all other living things, wasps, which have remained the same for 50 million years, show that evolution never happened, and that God created them.

### Ant-Like Stone Beetle

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 100 million years

Location: Myanmar

One hundred million years is a relatively long time for any life form's completion of the supposed evolutionary development. if evolutionists' views were accurate, then over the course of all that time, ant-like stone beetles should have turned into very different forms and should bear no resemblance to beetles still alive today. Yet despite the passage of millions of years, ant-like stone beetles—like all other life forms—have undergone not the slightest change. They were the same 100 million years ago as they are today, which makes any reference to evolution impossible.

### Scorpion

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 125 million years

Location: Brazil

There are 1,300 species of this particular animal, which has been living on Earth with the same features for 400 million years. They can survive for two days underwater, and hunt at night. The 125-million-year-old scorpion in the picture has exactly the same characteristics as those living today. Scorpions never evolved; God created them, too.

### Ground Cricket

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 125 million years

Location: Brazil

Asked about the origin of insects, Darwinists relate a series of hypotheses totally devoid of any logic. Asked to prove these stories with some scientific findings or concrete evidence, they enter into a profound silence—because all the theoretical studies to date, and findings such as fossils, completely invalidate these claims.

One of the pieces of evidence invalidating evolutionists' claims is the 125-million-year-old ground cricket fossil illustrated here. This fossilized insect, identical in every respect to ground crickets alive today, refutes evolutionist claims that living things are in a constant state of change. Fossils show that living things tell us, "We never changed or evolved. We were created."

### Spider

Period: Cretaceous

Age: 125 million years

Location: Brazil

The theory of evolution is entirely conjectural, devoid of any scientific criteria and based on no valid evidence. Moreover, it bases its entire claim on the illogical and unrealistic thesis that all living things in existence formed as the result of a succession of countless coincidences—something quite impossible.

Scientific research and investigations confirm this state of affairs. for example, examination of the fossil record shows that no process of the kind maintained by evolutionists ever happened. It can be seen that living things did not develop by way of a succession of changes, but that each one appeared suddenly with all its characteristics complete. This means that living things did not evolve, but were created.

They said, 'Glory be to You! We have no knowledge except what You have taught us. You are the All-Knowing, the All-Wise.' (Koran, 2:32)

# Notes:

1. Peter Douglas Ward, on Methuselah's Trail, W. H. Freedman and Company, 1992, p. 9

2. Stephen J. Gould, the Panda's Thumb, 1980, pp. 238-239

3. N. Eldredge et I. Tattersall, the Myths of Human Evolution, Columbia University Press, 1982, pp. 45-46

4. David Raup, "Conflicts Between Darwin and Paleontology", Field Museum of Natural History Bulletin, Field Museum of Natural History: Chicago IL, January 1979, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 22-29

5. D.S. Woodroff, Science, vol. 208, 1980, p. 716

6. George G., Simpson, Tempo and Mode in Evolution, Columbia University Press, New York, 1944, pp. 105, 107

7. Charles Darwin, L'origine des espèces, GF Flammarion, Paris, 1992, pp. 223, 225, 334

8. Derek A. Ager, "The Nature of the Fossil Record", Proceedings of the British Geological Association, vol. 87, 1976, p. 133

9. Mark Czarnecki, "The Revival of the Creationist Crusade", MacLean's, 19 January 1981, p. 56

10. Francis Hitching, the Neck of the Giraffe: Where Darwin Went Wrong, New Haven: Tichnor and Fields, 1982, p. 40

11. S. J. Gould, "Evolution's Erratic Pace", Natural History, vol. 86, May 1977

12. Peter Douglas Ward, on Methuselah's Trail, W. H. Freedman and Company, 1992, p. 10

13. "The Creatures Time Forgot", New Scientist, 23 October 1999, p. 36

14. "Balinalarn Evrimi", National Geographic Turquie, November 2001, pp. 156-159

15. Niles Eldredge, Reinventing Darwin, 1995, p. 77

16. http://www.icr.org/index.php?module=articles& actionview&ID=774

17. Eldredge et Steven M. Stanley. Eds., 1984, Living Fossils, New York Springer Verlag, 1984, p. 3

18. Margaret Helder, "Living Fossils: How Significant Are They?", http://www.create.ab.ca/articles/lfossils.html

19. Niles Eldredge, Reinventing Darwin, 1995, p. 3

20. Phillip E. Johnson, Darwin on Trial, Intervarsity Press, Illinois, 1993, p. 27

21. Jacques Millot, "The Coelacanth", Scientific American, vol. 193, December 1955, p. 34

22. Samantha Weinberg, a Fish Caught in Time: The Search for the Cœlacanth, Perennial Publishing, 2000, p. 20

23. Ibid., pp. 28-29-30

24. www.ksu.edu/fishecology/relict.htm

25. Bilim ve Teknik, Novembre 1998, vol. 372, p. 21 ; http://www. cnn.com/TECH/Science/9809/23/living.fossil/index.html

26. Samantha Weinberg, a Fish Caught in Time: The Search for the Cœlacanth, Perennial Publishing, 2000, p. 102

27. P. L. Forey, Nature, vol. 336, 1988, p. 7

28. Hans Fricke, "Coelacanths: The Fish That Time Forgot", National Geographic, vol. 173, no. 6, June 1988, p. 838

29. Focus, April 2003

30. Ibid.

31. Ibid.

32. Ibid.

33. Ibid.

34. Stephen M. Stanley, Macroevolution: Pattern and Process, San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Co. 1979, pp. 35, 159

35. Gould, S. J., 1980, the Panda's Thumb, New York: W. W. Norton Co., pp. 186-193

36. http://www.blavatsky.net/features/newsletters/2005 /fossil_record.htm

37. Stephen J. Gould, "The Paradox of the First Tier: An Agenda for Paleobiology", Paleobiology, 1985, p. 7

38. Niles Eldredge, "Progress in Evolution?", New Scientist, vol. 110, 1986, p. 55

39. N. Eldredge et I. Tattersall, the Myths of Human Evolution, 1982, p. 48

40. Stephen J. Gould, "Cordelia's Dilemma", Natural History, 1993, p. 15

41. Kemp, Tom S., "A Fresh Look at the Fossil Record", New Scientist, vol. 108, 1985, pp. 66-67

42. R.A. Fisher, the Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, Oxford Univesity Press, 1930

43. Ernst Mayr, Populations, Species, and Evolution, Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press, 1970, p. 235

44. Lane Lester, Raymond Bohlin, the Natural Limits to Biological Change, Probe Books, Dallas, 1989, p. 141

45. M. E. Soulé et L. S. Mills, "Enhanced: No Need to Isolate Genetics", Science, 1998, vol. 282, p. 165

46. R. L. Westemeier, J. D. Brawn, S. A. Simpson, T. L. Esker, R. W. Jansen, J. W. Walk, E. L. Kershner, J. L. Bouzat et K. N. Paige, "Tracking the Long-term Decline and Recovery of an Isolated Population",

47. Valentine, J., et Erwin, D., "Interpreting Great Developmental Experiments: The Fossil Record" in Development as an Evolutionary Process, Rudolf A. Raff et Elizabeth C. Raff, Editors, New York: Alan R. Liss, Inc., 1985, p. 96

48. http://www.dhushara.com/book/evol/evop.htm

49. Gould. S. J. et Eldredge. N., 1993, "Punctuated Equilibrium Comes of Age", Nature, 366, p. 223

50. R. Dawkins, the Blind Watchmaker, 1986, p. 229.

51. C. Darwin, the Origin of Species, 1st ed., p. 302.

52. M. Czarnecki, McLean's, 19 January 1981, p. 56.

53. H. Gee, in Search of Deep Time, Beyond the Fossil Record to a New History of Life, the Free Press, a Division of Simon & Schuster, Inc.,1999, p. 5.

54. A. S. Romer, Chapter in Genetics, Paleontology and Evolution (1963), p. 114

55. N. Eldredge and I. Tattersall, the Myths of Human Evolution, p. 127.

56. M. Midgley, Evolution as a Religion, London: Routledge Classics, 2002, p. 1.

57. E. O. Wilson, et al., Life on Earth, [1973], Sinauer Associates: Sunderland MA, 1975, reprint, p. 624.

# Captions

s.12

The media constantly presents Darwinist tales, products of the imagination, under a scientific guise. Some publishing organs have even willingly assumed the task of defending the theory of evolution. This leads them to portray false proofs that seem to support evolution—a theory devoid of any scientific worth— as irrefutable truths and to impose evolution unconditionally on the public consciousness.

Neanderthal Man: The Search for Second Humans

s.13

Are men prehistorically correct?"

Darwinists try to support their theory with fictitious illustrations and reconstructions, but to date have been unable to come up with any scientific evidence. for example, they cannot point to even a single fossil specimen to confirm the claim that living things descended from one another by way of minute changes. This is proof of the way evolution has collapsed in the face of scientific facts.

These headlines produced to support evolution have no scientific value. Evolution has been defeated by all branches of science, paleontology in particular.

The theory of evolution's missinglink has been completed

s.14

The fossil crab pictured dates back to the Miocene epoch (23 to 5 million years ago), yet is identical to modern-day crabs.

The 18-million-year-old cormorant fossil above is proof that cormorants have remained unchanged for millions of years.

In other words, they never underwent evolution.

s.15

A sea urchin fossil, some 300 million years old, shows that these creatures, together with all their complex structures, have existed for hundreds of millions of years. Throughout that time, there has been no change in their structure and they have undergone no transitional stages.

s.16

FAKE ILLUSTRATION

s.18

Charles Darwin

s.19

Permian

Younger Carboniferous

Older Carboniferous

Devonian

Cambrian

Precambrian

Fossils are one of the main sources of information about the different periods in the Earth's history. They provide information not just about natural history, but about the history of the Earth itself. Specific types of fossil are found only in specific strata and in specific types of sedimentary rock. Fossil groups are unique to each consecutive rock stratum and represent a form of signature of that stratum, enabling paleontologists to date it accurately.

s.24

Half-human, half-ape creatures never existed. The scientific evidence shows that human beings have always existed as human beings. Evolutionists are careful to conceal this fact, however, and they resort to various deceptions to claim the opposite.

FALSE

s.27

Every fossil that Darwinists unearth, they seek to portray as supporting their theories. by making use of the public's lack of knowledge of scientific matters, they feel free to distort the facts. One method they resort to most frequently is to portray extinct life forms as evidence for their evolutionary scenario. The fossils exhibited in a great many museums are accompanied by evolutionist comments—which comments in fact have no scientific value.

s.28

There Are No Intermediate Fossils

The "intermediate life forms" in this conjectural picture never existed.

Coelacanth has remained unchanged for 400 million years.

s.29

ARCHAEOPTERYX is a fully-fledged bird

FAKE ILLUSTRATION

s.32

THE PILTDOWN MAN HOAX

FALSE

Piltdown Man, portrayed for 43 years as highly significant evidence confirming evolution, turned out to be a hoax. In 1953, investigations into the skull revealed that Piltdown Man was no fossil, but a forgery produced by combining human and orangutan bones.

Right: Excavations at Piltdown, birthplace of the Piltdown man scandal

s.36

A Fictitious Illustration

The half-reptile, half-fish creatures pictured here never existed. There is not the slightest evidence to support such Darwinist claims.

s.37

Intermediate forms bearing the features of two different species exist only in Darwinists' imaginations. In fact, such creatures never existed.

Imaginary Intermediate Forms

s.38

If Darwinists' claims were true, then the fossil record should contain a large number of very strange life forms with several eye sockets, noses in different places, a jaw in the back as well as in the front, and abnormally developed skulls, as pictured here. Yet no such fossil has ever been found after 150 years of research. On the contrary, all the fossils unearthed to date show that all living things have been flawless and fully formed since the moment they first came into being, and never changed so long as they existed.

s.40

If living things had assumed their present structures and appearances through tens of thousands of minute changes, then countless fossil specimens should document this illusory development. Abnormal entities with two brains, three backbones, four eyes, two jaws, three noses, seven fingers and three legs should be in evidence. Yet all the fossils found to date show that human beings have always been human beings.

s.44

If Darwinists' claims were true, then chance and mutations should give rise to considerable lack of proportion, imbalance and peculiarity in the perfect and magnificent human body. They should produce many abnormalities such as a skull growing from the hip, more than one arm sprouting from the shoulder, and a large number of ribs or pelvic bones. Arm and leg bones should be lopsided, instead of being straight as we see them today.

Yet not a single such fossil specimen has ever been discovered. The bodies of all the billions of human beings who have ever lived or who are living today have all possessed the same symmetry, balance and order. This demolishes Darwinist claims of "gradual development" as a result of chance and mutations.

s.47

A 49-million-year-old fossil frog discovered in Germany is identical to specimens alive today.

Confronted by this fossil, which lived 95 million years ago and is identical to present-day sharks, Darwinists have no alternative but to admit that their theories are merely the product of fantasy.

s.48

Excavations carried out all over the world for the last 150 years have produced not a single fossil to support evolution. All the fossils unearthed confirm the fact of Creation.

s.49

A 125-million-year old fossil cockroach represents a heavy blow to the theory of evolution, which claims that living things are in a constant state of development. These animals have remained unchanged over the ensuing millions of years.

s.52

110-million-year-old scorpion and 108- to 92-million-year-old grasshopper fossils show that these creatures have maintained the exact same structures and characteristics for tens of millions of years and that they have never changed. In other words, they have never undergone evolution.

s.54

The distinguishing feature of these fossil crabs discovered in Denmark is that they are discovered in round concretions that rise to the surface of the ground at specific times of the year. These fossils, consequently known as "crab balls," generally date back to the Oligocene Period (37 to 23 million years ago).

s.55

In the same way that the theory of evolution cannot account for the origin of life, it is also helpless in the face of the variety of species.

s.56

A fictitious illustration

Niles Eldredge

s.57

Stephen Jay Gould

"Intermediate forms," which allegedly bore the features of two different species, never existed at any time.

s.61

This 120-million-year-old fossil tortoise is proof that tortoises are not descended from other living things, never underwent any intermediate stages, and have maintained exactly the same structure for millions of years.

s.65

DNA Damage

s.66

All mutations observed on living beings have proved to be harmful. The reason is that the DNA has a very complex structure, and random effects on this molecule will only harm the organism. The result of any change due to mutations will only result in genetic disorders, fatality or disability. On the side, there are examples of deformed living beings that were subjected to mutations.

s.70

A 150-million-year-old fossil brittlestar showing that these echinoderms have not changed at all for millions of years.

There is no difference between this 50-million-year-old fossil trout-perch and specimens living today.

s.71

There is no difference between lobsters living today and this 208- to 146-million-year-old fossil.

s.74

Trilobite eye

A 380-MILLION-YEAR OLD TRILOBITE FOSSIL

Trilobites are some of the most abundant life forms to have emerged in the Cambrian period. They lived in various parts of the world.

One of the most astonishing characteristics of trilobites is their multi-lens eye, made up of numerous units, each unit being a separate lens. Each lens perceives a different image, and these are then combined as a whole "picture." Research has shown that there were more than 3,000 lenses in the trilobite eye, which meant the creature received more than 3000 images. This, in turn, clearly reveals how perfect were the eye and brain structure of this creature that lived nearly 530 million years ago. Such a flawless structure could not possibly have emerged by way of evolution.

s.77

Pro-Darwinist reports appearing so frequently in the evolutionist media consist of conjecture and propaganda. These reports are written toconceal the fact that Darwinism has been defeated.

s.79

FICTICIOUS ILLUSTRATION

People are conditioned to believe in these imaginary entities, as if they were real.

s.80

Darwinism's can be espressed in these terms: Planty of muddy water + a long time + an abundance of coincidences: Civilization

s.82

Mud

Time

Coincidence

Natural events

s.86

THE THEORY of EVOLUTION IS NOT SCIENTIFIC

s.132

DINO-BIRDS ARE SOLELY the PRODUCTS of the IMAGINATION

(1) A fully formed dinosaur, many examples of which are seen in the fossil record.

(1)

(2)

(3)

s.133

In order to be able to prove that birds evolved from dinosaurs, evolutionists would have had to have discovered the supposed transitional form fossils shown in the illustrations to the side. However, although many fossils of both birds and dinosaurs have been unearthed, the fossil record contains no trace of supposed dino-birds.

Defective life forms with missing organs, bearing half -bird and half -reptile characteristics, which should have existed in large numbers according to evolutionist claims, appear nowhere in any of the Earth's strata.

The life forms in the fossil record are all flawless and complete. None are semi-developed of the kind seen in these pictures. This fact is important evidence that evolution never happened.

FICTITIOUS DRAWINGS

(5) a complete bird of which we see thousands of specimens.

(5)

The evolutionists' "transitional form predicament" also applies to the origin of birds. According to evolutionist claims, "single winged" and "half winged"entities should have existed; but had they existed, the fossil record should corroborate that. However, the subjects of these evolutionist scenarios are no more than reports and fictitious drawings based on no scientific evidence whatsoever. Life forms have always appeared suddenly at all periods of history, and have always had complete and fully functioning organs.

(4)

(2, 3, 4) There exists not the slightest jotof evidence that such semi-formed living things ever existed.

s.134

The countless mosquito fossils discovered to date show that these animals have always been mosquitoes, that they did not evolve from any other life form, and that they never underwent any intermediate stages.

One of the main features of the fossil record is that living things remain unchanged over the course of very lengthy periods of geological time.

There is no difference between this 50-millionyear- old fossil fly and specimens alive today.

s.135

Specimens of winged insects are frequently encountered in the fossil record, some of which are 300 million years old. The fossil march fly in the picture is 50 million years old.

ACCORDING to the EVOLUTIONIST DREAM—OR RATHER, NIGHTMARE—, THIS SHOULD BE the CASE

Believing in Darwinist claims regarding the origin of flight means believing that cheetahs will someday gain wings and fly, and that tigers will one day turn into giant birds. No rational person could ever accept such an irrational claim.

FICTITIOUS DRAWINGS

# Back Cover

The book you are holding uses incontrovertible scientific evidence to prove that Darwinism is a fraud and it shows, again with incontrovertible evidence, that more than 700 million fossils completely refute evolution and declares to the entire world that not even a single protein can ever come into being by chance. This book exposes the mendacity and the audacity of the Darwinist dictatorship that has imposed the theory of evolution on the world using false evidence. It contains the scientific evidence that refutes Darwinism. Demagoguery will no longer gain the Darwinists anything.

## About the Author

Adnan Oktar, who writes under the pen-name Harun Yahya, was born in Ankara in 1956. Since the 1980s, the author has published many books on faith-related, scientific and political issues. He is well-known as the author of important works disclosing the imposture of evolutionists, their invalid claims, and the dark liaisons between Darwinism and such bloody ideologies as fascism and communism.

All of the author's works share one single goal: to convey the Qur'an's message, encourage readers to consider basic faith-related issues such as Allah's existence and unity and the Hereafter; and to expose irreligious systems' feeble foundations and perverted ideologies. His more than 300 works, translated into 73 different languages, enjoy a wide readership across the world.

By the will of Allah, the books of Harun Yahya will be a means through which people in the twenty-first century will attain the peace, justice, and happiness promised in the Qur'an.

The seal on the cover of the books is the Prophet's (pbuh) seal. It represents the Qur'an (the final scripture) and the Prophet Muhammad (the last of the prophets). The author uses this seal as a symbol of taking the Qur'an and the peaceful and loving morality of the Prophet as his guide.

