Hello there!
before 1900's, people thought that the energy or temperature of the atom comes out of the atom continuously
which means that it vibrates on any frequency
but this thing caused scientists to feel depressed
because this idea  wont explain why radiant objects give radiation in a certain way
all of their predictions were wrong
until!
a German guy appeared with the name of Max Planck
the originator of Quantum theory
so Max tolled them: No, it doesn't vibrate on any frequency.
and the energy does not come out continuously
the energy will come out in the shape of small bundles called "Quanta"
which means 1, 2, 3
and it skips the fractions
so they tested his words,  and everything he said was correct
all of his predictions were true
good job Max, give the man a Nobel prize and yepp, he won a Nobel
wow, scientists seemed to like this thing. because then Albert Einstein came along in 1905
and he said to Planck: " Mr Planck, did you know that not only the atom is a bunch of units called "Quanta"
light also consists of particles called "Photons"
and their energy comes out from specific frequencies"
so what do you say Mr Planck?!
so, they put Einstein's words to the test, and everything he said was correct
of course Planck was fascinated
Relativity, Photoelectric effect plus Spactime
good job Einstein, give him a Nobel prize, and so he got one too.
of course here they both thought that they completely understood physics.
so, Einstein and Planck sat down for dinner.
who jumped in between them? right out of the Lurpak butter?!!
the Danish physicist Niels Bohr
wait! was there a Lurpak butter at the time?! we should've googled that
Bohr said to them: "listen up boys, you should know the also the Electron revolves in stable orbits around the atomic nucleus
and in order for the Electron to jump in front of the nucleus, it needs to either gain or lose energy in the shape of what??  in the shape of light/radiation"
both Einstein and Planck liked what Bohr said, it seems he was one of their little physics gang, they were like: "come have dinner with us, you have to bro"
and Bohr was like " 'kay man lemme just go get my Nobel prize, be right back" and there goes another Nobel prize.
anyway, many days passed. and then came a man called Louis De Broglie
" FRENCH PRONUNCIATION"
that's his name in french, cause the pronunciation need to be accurate
remember when they used to say that radiation is a particle at one time and a wave at another
seems that it was correct
radiation is both a particle and a wave at the same time
here look at the documents, all the needed papers are here
Yo, Mr Jasem, please contact my lawyer. aaaaand another Nobel
so it seemed that radiation is both a particle and a wave
and it acts however it wants, sometimes its a particle and sometimes its a wave
and its not just the radiation, the whole substance/matter is made up of particles and waves at the same time
who came this time? Erwin Schrodinger
Shrodinger came holding a cat and calling out the scientists saying: "come gather around, i'm gonna show you this magical cat and what it can do"
"this cat can be alive and dead at the same time"  and guess what he got??! NOBEL PRIZE :O
Einstein  was like: " guys, common, i'm already so damn crazy. are you trying to make me even more crazy?"
" one of you came holding his cat, the other came with an atom"
i just like to make sure that the moon exists whether i'm looking at it or not
Bohr was like: "shut up Einstein, the world does't have to follow your personal needs and desires. the universes is what it is, and you have to accept it just the way it is"
Einstein didn't really like what was happening, but there was nothing else to do :(
yah yah!
yah!!
i'm out of puns , but there is still  Heisenberg
uncertainty principle
♪♫♬ i aint got nothin to do with this  ♪♫♬
who jumped it now? Werner Heisenberg, and he finished the whole thing with the "uncertainty principle"
"i don't want to talk too much, but you cant locate something and it's speed at the same time
when you determine the speed, the position becomes less known and vice versa
that's how everything goes
"NOBEL PRIZE" ^_^
and then, weird stuff kept coming out, such as Quantum entanglement
which allows two molecules
connected to each other, and they directly affect each other as if they were tied together
regardless of the distance between them
and that's a huge problem, because the universe is governed by the speed of light
and regardless of the distance
meaning that the Quantum entanglement  breaks the maximum speed of the universe which is the speed of light
and even though Einstein contributed to this discovery, he didn't really like it and he even described it as
"Spooky action at a distance"
so now Albert was right, all of these discoveries that they made one after the other created a new science called "Quantum mechanics"
but why is this so provocative? its cause not only have they discovered that small things behave in such a weird way
acting on its own with us being able to predict and recognize it's results
even the observation's procedure itself affects the experiment and it's results
and if its not being observed then it will exist with all sorts of possibilities at the same time
it's a guessing game, it's either here or there. its a game of luck
it doesn't stop there, you see, Quantum mechanics and the way that it acts completely contradicts both general and special relativity
which describes how the big objects and huge sizes of the universe act
so scientists discovered that there are two sets of rules
one set rules small objects like atoms and such small sizes
and the other set which is the relativity set, rules big objects and how planets, start and galaxies act with each other
it's as if there are two governments ruling one country
we cant even handle one government,  and you're telling me two governments are ruling us
since then, scientists have no idea where they stand in this situation or what the hell is happening
and every now and then, nature throws some new particles at them right after they thought that they discovered all sorts  of particles
and that their vision of the universe is finally complete
universe: "oh you guys seem really happy,  bravo, here take some "Dark energy" "
"how about some of this "Dark matter" ?"
you have no knowledge of 70% of the universe
"oh, how about some "Positron" ?
"what about "antiproton"? "
" want some "Antimatter"? "
"hey, want some "W Z Bosons"?  want me to save some for you?"
"OK how about some "Neutrino"? "
"it's really tasty ^_^"
"some "Higgs Boson" ? would you like some Higgs Boson stuffed in a sandwich?" <3
"feed the kids some of it"
so every few years, a new particle is discovered that they had no clue of it's existence
hmmmm, what to do?
yah yah, yah!!
in conclusion
see all of this we just talked about, all of it is considered a small skin in the onion of the universe
but it's ok, since Richard Feynman says that we should accept that the universe might not give us all the answers that we seek
it's better than being given answers that might not be complete, and without giving you a chance to ask more question in order to have more information
and we discover how the universe works around us
just for the fun of discovering new things
just like sex, it might give you some practical results, but that's not why we do it
that was it for today
Thank you
Good bye <3
 
