
Dutch: 
Mijn naam is Frenk Wubben, ik ben projectleider bij de afdeling 
projectaerodynamica bij de DNW
we zijn hier bij de LLF
de Large Low-speed Facility
in Nederland.
De KC-390 is zeker de grootste uitdaging
die we ooit bij EMBRAER hebben gehad.
Voor deze uitdaging doen we veel aan
risicobeperking en natuurlijk wind tunnel tests.

Portuguese: 
Meu nome é Frenk Wubben. Sou gerente
de projetos no departamento de
Aerodinâmica de Projetos na empresa
German-Dutch Wind Tunnels
e no momento estamos na LLF,
as instalações de túnel de baixa velocidade
na Holanda.
O KC-390 é, certamente, o maior desafio
que já enfrentamos na Embraer,
mas para enfrentar esse desafio
temos várias estratégias de mitigação e,
claro, testes de túnel de vento.

English: 
My name is Frenk Wubben. I am a 
project manager at the department of  
Project Aerodynamics at the German-Dutch Wind Tunnels 
and at present we are at the LLF
the large low-speed facility
in the Netherlands.
The KC-390 is for sure the biggest challenge 
we have ever faced at Embraer,
but to face this challenge we have 
many mitigation strategies and of course wind tunnel testing. 

English: 
My name is Marijn Versteeg. 
I am a mechanical engineer at the Dutch 
National Aerospace Laboratory, 
as well as the lead designer for this project. 
Together with a team of approximately 40 people
we are responsible for the design and 
manufacturing of this wind tunnel model. 
Compared to the earlier KC 390 model, 
this model has a completely
redesigned and rebuilt fuselage. 
A remotely controlled air-to-air refuelling hose is used 
to simulate air refuelling during flight. 
The hose and drogue satisfied specific requirements 
which were specified by EMBRAER,
and the hose and drogue were manufactured
and designed by the NLR.
The set of requirements asked us to develop an aeroplane  

Portuguese: 
Meu nome é Marijn Versteeg.
Sou engenheiro mecânico no Laboratório
Aeroespacial Nacional Holandês,
bem como chefe de concepção deste projeto.
Juntamente com uma equipe de
aproximadamente 40 pessoas,
somos responsáveis pela concepção e
fabricação deste modelo de túnel de vento.
Comparado ao modelo KC-390 anterior,
este modelo tem uma fuselagem
completamente redesenhada e reconstruída.
Uma mangueira de reabastecimento no
ar remotamente controlada é usada
para simular o reabastecimento aéreo durante o voo.
A mangueira e o drogue atenderam os requisitos
específicos que foram especificados pela EMBRAER,
e a mangueira e o drogue foram
fabricadas e desenhadas pela NLR.
O conjunto de requisitos solicitou 
que desenvolvêssemos um avião   

Dutch: 
Mijn naam is Marijn Versteeg
ik ben mechanical engineer bij het NLR
maar ook de hoofdontwerper van dit project.
Samen met een team van zo'n 40 personen
zijn we verantwoordelijk voor het ontwerp en 
vervaardiging van dit windtunnelmodel.
In vergelijk met een eerder KC-390 model
heeft dit model een compleet nieuw ontworpen en gebouwde romp.
Een op afstand bedienbare air-to-air tankslang wordt gebruikt om
het tanken gedurende de vlucht te simuleren.
De slang en drogue moeten aan bepaalde eisen voldoen
die gespecificeerd zijn door EMBRAER.
De slang en drogue zijn ontworpen en gemaakt door het NLR.
De eisen waren dat we een vliegtuig moesten ontwikkelen 

English: 
to operate from the Antarctic region to the Amazon. 
We used a special technique, stereo pattern recognition, 
and by doing a calibration with these cameras  
before we start the measurements,
we can measure exactly what the position is of each marker
as a function of time. 
The parachute is used in real life  
for dropping loads from the aircraft in flight, 
so we did measurements with the 
parachute behind the model 
by mounting it to a parachute balance
which could measure the forces on the parachute.

Dutch: 
dat kan opereren van Antartica tot het Amazonegebied.
We gebruiken een speciale techniek: stereo patroonherkenning.
Door eerst de camara's te kalibreren
voordat we met de metingen beginnen
kunnen we precies meten wat de positie is van elke marker
als een functie van de tijd.
De parachutes worden in het echt gebruikt om gedurende 
de vlucht ladingen uit het vliegtuig te droppen.
We deden metingen met de parachutes achter het model
door ze te monteren aan een balans die
de krachten op de parachute konden meten.

Portuguese: 
para operar da região Antártica até a Amazônia.
Usamos uma técnica especial, 
o reconhecimento de padrões em estéreo e,
fazendo uma calibração com essas câmeras   
antes de iniciar as medições, 
podemos medir exatamente qual 
a posição de cada marcador
como uma função do tempo.  
O paraquedas é usado na vida real   
para soltar cargas da aeronave durante o voo,  
então fizemos medições com 
o paraquedas atrás do modelo  
montando-o a uma balança de paraquedas,
que podia medir as forças no paraquedas.

Dutch: 
PIV is Particle Image Velocimetry.
PIV is een techniek die we toepassen 
door deeltjes in de stroming te brengen.
De deeltjes in de stroming worden zichtbaar gemaakt door laserlicht.
Twee camera's kijken naar de deeltjes in het laserlicht
en leggen de positie van die deeltjes vast.
Door beelden op verschillende tijdstippen te meten
kun je de verplaatsing van de deeltjes vaststellen
en de tijd tussen de twee beelden maakt het mogelijk
om de snelheid van het stromingsveld uit te rekenen.

English: 
PIV is Particle Image Velocimetry.
PIV is a technique where we apply  
seeding into the flow. 
This seeding is shown in the flow by using a laser light
and two cameras are looking at the particles
which are in the laser sheet 
and record the position of these particles in the laser sheet.
By applying two images very close to each other,
you can determine the difference 
in spacing between the particles 
and the time between the two images makes it possible 
to calculate the velocity of the flow field. 

Portuguese: 
PIV é a sigla para velocímetro por imagem de partículas.
PIV é uma técnica onde introduzimos
partículas no fluxo de ar.
As partículas são visualizadas no fluxo com o uso de uma luz laser
e duas câmeras estão direcionadas para as
partículas que estão no plano criado pelo laser
e registram a posição destas partículas na folha de laser.
Aplicando duas imagens muito próximas uma da outra,
pode-se determinar a diferença
no espaço entre as partículas
e o tempo entre as duas imagens possibilita  
o cálculo da velocidade do campo de fluxo. 

English: 
In addition to the many objective and technical reasons 
we could make,
I have to say that we have learned subjective issue
that is very important. 
This is that DNW people 
are as excited as we are  
about the job we do. 
This is very important for us  
to make things happen.

Portuguese: 
Além das muitas razões objetivas e técnicas   
que poderíamos ter,
tenho a dizer que nós aprendemos uma questão subjetiva
que é muito importante.
E a lição é que o pessoal do DNW está
tão empolgadas quanto nós
com o trabalho que fazemos.
Isto é muito importante para nós   
para fazer as coisas acontecerem.

Dutch: 
Naast de vele doelstellingen en technische redenen
die we hadden om hier te komen
moet ik zeggen dat we een persoonlijk punt hadden
dat erg belangrijk was.
De DNW mensen zijn
nét zo enthousiast als wij
over het werk dat we doen
dan is dat voor ons ook belangrijk om 
tot succes te komen!
