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Welcome to the Presentation on Robotics and Automation. Robotics and Automation is NOT new.
It has been in use in certain areas  industries for decades
resulting in partial or complete automation of manufacturing.
However it is seeing mass adoption and new applications
with improvement in affordability and usability
The improvements in the areas of sensors and actuators, micro controllers/microprocessors,
programming languages, communication technologies and protocols is accelerating this trend.
In this series of videos we cover some main aspects of Robotics and automation.
We discuss about the Need/necessity for Robotics and Automation,
- the Applications of Robotics and Automation
Industry trends, statistics and revenue projections - of past, present and future
- We also discuss about the building blocks of Robotics -
the various engineering disciplines, technologies
and components that are essential for robotics and automation
Historically Robotics has been in-use for automating routine/repeat jobs.
Repeat jobs basically involve a limited set of operations
that as a whole are repeated over and over again for long period of time.
For ex. assembling parts of a vehicle or a machine in a factory.
These were automated to, improve productivity and efficiency,
reduce human error and hence reduce wastage,
make optimal usage of available resources, infrastructure and investments
Automotive Industry is an early adopter of automation and Robotics.
The main applications are, welding of auto parts in assembly lines
Painting for getting consistent finish and also for handling highly toxic chemicals in paint
Moving heavy and bulk materials inside the factory
assembling pumps & motors at high speed on fast moving assembly lines
Industry 4.0 is an extension of the earlier automation effort
and it is a step towards going beyond complete factory automation
where the manufacturing plant is linked to highly integrated with
Business systems and analytics using Process automation, IoT and Cloud Computing.
The key principles of Industry 4.0 are
Interconnection of various entities in manufacturing - machines
humanbeings and systems that constitute of the traditional assembly line
Dynamic collection, dissemination and processing of data and decision making
Reducing human intervention in decision making for routine activities
while human decision-makingis used in critical and important decisions
Robotics and Automation forms an important pillar on which Industry 4.0 is built.
The more recent and advanced use of robotics has been to augment
and enhance human abilities and skills. For ex.- Healthcare and Medical Applications
Assistant Robots for high precision procedures like minimally invasive  surgeries, biopsies
Tele-presence and robotics is used to examine and test patients in rural or remote locations
- Rehabilitation Robots are used to improve the quality of life of -
the disabled by providing assistance in mobility, strength and coordination,
whereas they are used to help - the elderly in assisted living
Sanitation and Disinfection Robots are employed
to combat  the increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria
and outbreak of deadly infections like Ebola, Corona & H1N1
Robotics is also being utilized in
Medical Transcription and Prescription Dispensing Systems
Robot are also being employed In Education for ex. - To 'bring school' to students
who cannot be present physically by creating virtual classrooms
- To train medical students- in performing complicated
medical procedures where using a human subject isn't feasible.
- Robots can be created and programmed to exhibit
all the indications of human life, including breath and heartbeat.
there are Simulators to provide exceptional crisis and disaster management
training for emergency response and law enforcement trainees
Driving Simulators for creating 'what if' scenarios, which
can help student drivers prepare for real-life hazards and obstacles on the highways
- Humanoid robots and social robots such as  robotic pets can be programmed to
teach communication and social skills for children with
autism, developmental disabilities and attention disorders
- In Space research- Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) and
remote manipulator system (RMSs) are the two major types of robots.
A typical ROV can be a rover moving over the terrain upon landing
a lander operated from a stationary point and is in contact
with an extra-terrestrial plane or an unmanned spacecraft
In Military applications, Drones that are basically autonomous or remote-controlled mobile robots are employed
for transport, search, rescue operations and even in combat operations on the battlefield .
Robots are Used as autonomous fighter jets and bombers.
They are used to automate loading and calculations of ballistics
required for accurate and predictable firing of guided missiles.
Some of the new age businesses and industries need the use of robotics
and automation to achieve scalability for ex.-
e-commerce industry uses robots for sorting and packing of orders
In the manufactruing of  electronic equipments the mass testing
of electronic devices and gadgets is automated using robotics at the manufacturing plant
Also the testing of the modern, highly user interface
and user experience driven embedded systems is
automated by employing robotics and automation
Automation and Drones are being employed in Agriculture as well -
for ex. contract farming, farm irrigation are being automated
whereas drones are being used in weather, soil condition
and crop health monitoring and management
That brings us to the end of this video.
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