in this presentation we'll be looking at
the areas of linguistics
you should understand that linguistics
covers five basic areas
now of course in these areas can be
further divided into more specific areas
and there are a few peripheral areas
that are not mentioned here
but basically there are five areas
pragmatics, semantics, syntax, morphology
and phonology pragmatics is the study of
how language is used every day
how do you lie how do you give a lecture
how do you talk to your friend
how is that different from talking to
your boss how do you convince someone to
do something how to be sarcastic
semantics on the other hand looks at
what language means not just what
individual words means although it does
look at that but also what do sentences
mean what does discourse mean in
practice
why is it that when i tell my friend
you're so stupid with a laugh that means
something really different than when and
perhaps a mean teacher tells a kid
you're so stupid
without a laugh how is it different
house the meaning constructed in a
different way
syntax looks at the structure of
sentences
what words go where what words come
before other words how can they be used
morphology looks at the individual parts
of words and remember here by words I
also mean signs so morphology would take
a word like reestablishment and notice
that the part "re" means something
the part "establish" means something and the "ment" something or similarly
morphology my look at the sign
I give you and notice that the direction
of the sign means something as well as
the hand shape if you change the
direction the meaning can change if you
change the handshake the meaning can
change these are the morphemes of the
language and then finally phonology
looks at the even smaller parts of
language that have no meaning on their
own
that is if you think of a word like cat
each individual sound doesn't mean
anything the C sound doesn't have
meaning on its own
you have to put it with the other sounds
to mean something that's different from
the "re" in reestablishment because "re" does mean something on its own
that's why "re" is a morpheme that has
meaning whereas C is a phoneme that
doesn't have meaning by itself
we're going to look at that in sign
language - and see that some parts have
no meaning on there
and they're phonemes and  phonological other
parts do have meaning and they're
morphemes and morphological basically
you should just understand that the big
picture is pragmatic and syntax deal with a
hold of language
I'm sorry pragmatics and semantics deal
with the whole of language while syntax
deals with smaller parts but still
sentences that are put together and how
they form on the other hand morphemes
are even more specific they're the words of
the language and how the different
parts of the words have meaning
whereas the phonemes are the building
blocks of the language that have no
meaning on their own in the same with sign
language
pragmatics and syntax is how signs are
used and how signs form
meaning in big picture
syntax look at how signs are put
together to form sentences morphemes
look at the parts of signs that have
meaning and phonemes look at the parts
of signs that don't mean anything that
are the building blocks of the signs
right now I realize that doesn't make a
lot of sense to you but don't worry it
well as we move forward
