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Engineering HSC and IIT-JEE Mains and
Advanced videos. Hello students today we
are studying chapter biochemistry of say
in that we are studying Arabic all right
both nucleic acid the single-stranded
RNA which makes proteins
RNA now DNA is double-stranded
whereas RNA is single-stranded that and
you as an individual will have both DNA
as well as RNA so what is the difference
between the two how does DNA work and
how does RNN work
RNA helps to make proteins when I say
proteins
you all must be thinking what are these
proteins simple example of proteins
would be arginine methionine or insulin
or your growth hormones epson trypsin
all the enzymes or chemicals you can say
now basically whenever any enzyme on any
hormone is made in your body it is the
RNA which makes so DNA is a genetic
material the way we look is to do DNA
whereas RNA helps to make proteins
now there are three different types of
RNA there are no types to DNA but RNA
has definitely types the first type is
mRNA that is messenger RNA the second
type is tRNA that is transfer RNA and
the third and the last step is ribosomal
RNA now one of the functions of this RNA
during protein synthesis messenger RNA
or mRNA has coding information the
information to make protein the
messenger RNA forms the Strand on which
DNA synthesis on which synthesis is done
of the proteins so the messenger RNA has
photons or information now what is the
function of transfer RNA and ribosomal
RNA transfer RNA brings the amino acids
from the cytoplasm to mRNA it does
transfer or you can say movement from
one place to another place now it is a
function of ribosomal RNA during protein
synthesis messenger RNA is already
present your transfer and it brings the
minoan say whereas ribosomal RNA
attaches ribosomes tactus 37 and 80s
subunit and all this together can help
synthesis of protein now the protein
synthesis process is
the powerless translation but
translation doesn't happen like this
translation goes through a pattern or
through a channel first replication
happens then transcription happens well
as a transcription your DNA will have
the information but then it says that do
one thing copy the information on some
another stand and mRNA copies the
information on it and then this process
from DNA to mRNA which is
single-stranded is called as
transcription and then your
single-stranded mRNA is used to
synthesize proteins it is called as
translation
a diamond or ribose nucleic acid and
when I say adenine
it is single-stranded RNA is basically
genetic material of viruses an example
of this is tmv or tobacco mosaic whales
now RNA can sometimes be genetic also
that is the reason you divide RNA into
two pets that is genetically and
non-genetic RNA now genetic RNA an
example of genetic RNA would be EMV that
is tobacco mosaic virus the virus that
infects plans sometimes cotton plants or
tomato plants
another is HIV the very well known by
distributing the genetic material of RNA
is a Charlie non-genetic mRNA tRNA and
rRNA when I say mRNA that is messenger
RNA tRNA is transfer honey
and irony is ribosomal RNA
Emin the function of mrna is it has
codons or exact information for protein
synthesis in its all the proteins the 20
different types of proteins synthesized
in one body the information is available
on a mine the next form of RNAs tRNA or
against a transfer RNA that helps to get
it helps to transfer amino acids from
the cell cytoplasm to protein synthesis
site or the region where mRNA is present
along with information that is ribosomal
RNA now ribosomal RNA helps to attach 30
and 80s ribosomal subunit to mRNA so
that the process of translation of
protein synthesis can actually start
central dogma now earlier I said that
protein synthesis is not an easy process
to make proteins the body has to do a
lot of hard work and the hard work goes
something at this first DNA is found or
you are present in the cell with DNA DNA
undergoes replication that is copy and
along with that DNA does transcription
when I say transcription the information
which is present as coded language on
DNA is copied on mRNA then which was
double-stranded is converted into mRNA
which is single-stranded and this
process is called transcription
now once transcription is done what
happens is mRNA is converted into
proteins and this proteins could be all
your hormones enzymes for example
adrenaline not a drill and insulin all
of them the process of translation forms
the case or forms the parameter of on
the basis of protein synthesis so this
is the central dogma for protein systems
and I hope you all have understood what
protein synthesis is and what are the
different types of mRNA in one in it
thank you
