JUDY WOODRUFF: All this week, world leaders
are gathered in New York for the annual United
Nations General Assembly.
At his speech this week, President Trump reiterated
his position that North Korea could achieve
economic greatness if it's willing to give
up its nuclear weapons program.
William Brangham gets a view of what progress,
if any, is being made on that front from South
Korea's foreign minister.
WILLIAM BRANGHAM: President Trump and Kim
Jong-un have had two summits and one historic
handshake, but not much to show for it.
The North Koreans spent the summer testing
short-range missiles, and nuclear talks seemed
far way.
So how does this situation look from South
Korea?
For that, I'm joined by Foreign Minister Kang
Kyung-Wha.
She joins me from New York.
Foreign Minister, thank you so much for being
here.
President Trump has continued to try to broker
this grand deal with North Korea.
They have had three meetings thus far, lots
of pageantry, but not very much substance.
Do you think the North Koreans do want to
sign a nuclear deal?
KANG KYUNG-WHA, South Korean Foreign Minister:
Well, I think, first of all, thank you for
having me.
But the summits, I think, beyond the pageantry,
the significance of that is, of course, that
it builds and maintains the trust between
the top leaders of the two countries.
I think the North Korean commitment to continue
the dialogue to reach a deal is there.
Their recent public messagings have confirmed
that.
So we very much expect the working-level discussions
to resume from where things were left off
in Hanoi at the end of February.
So I think President Trump's messaging also
confirms the readiness on the side of the
United States to pick up where things were
left off in Hanoi.
And we expect, because Hanoi didn't end in
agreement, but I think the silver lining to
that was, the two sides came out of it with
a much better understanding on the expectations
on the other side of the aisle, so that, when
the negotiations resume, there could be quick
progress on all three, four tracks of the
agreement that was reached in their first
summit meeting in Singapore in June last year.
WILLIAM BRANGHAM: I hear the optimism that
you're conveying there, but the North Koreans
have been quite firm that they want economic
sanctions off, they want financial aid, and
then they will be willing to make moves on
their nuclear weapons program.
The United States wants that order reversed.
They want concessions on the weapons programs,
and then sanctions.
Do you see a way that those two competing
threads can be married together?
KANG KYUNG-WHA: I think that's the key.
And I think, therefore, things have to move
in parallel simultaneously.
And that's the -- also the basic agreement
of Singapore, you know, to start building
-- improve relations between the two sides,
to start working towards a peace regime on
the Korean Peninsula, and the North Korean
commitment to denuclearization.
And I think the U.S. side is committed to
moving simultaneously on all three tracks,
the fourth track having been the excavation
of the remains, the MIA remains in -- that
are in the hands of North Korea.
That has taken place.
We expect that to continue to take place as
well, so the fourth pillar being the confidence-building
measures.
But we, of course, work in very close consultations
with the U.S.
And our discussions with the -- with our U.S.
colleagues indicate that -- the readiness
to move on all four tracks.
WILLIAM BRANGHAM: Is it your sense that there
is a commonly understood definition of what
denuclearization actually means?
Because it seems like we have had multiple
different iterations of what that means.
Does it mean that North Korea gives up a weapons
program, but still might be able to have nuclear
power for electricity?
Would that be acceptable, do you think?
KANG KYUNG-WHA: Well, I think the concepts,
the goal is very clear.
For us, for the global community, for Korea,
the goal of -- the concept of denuclearization
is spelled out in a joint declaration between
South and North Korea on denuclearization
dating back to 1993.
We have lived up to our part of that agreement.
For the global unity, it's clearly spelled
out in the Security Council resolution.
The question is how to get to that goal, how
to reach that objective.
And I think North Korea clearly has a different
idea of how to -- how it wants to reach that
goal.
But it has committed repeatedly, from the
top leader himself, to that goal of complete
denuclearization.
And so the task is then to spell out a road
map whereby we could reach that goal.
WILLIAM BRANGHAM: I would like to turn to
the issue of the seemingly worsening relationship
between South Korea and Japan.
We have seen that this is over several issues,
one about the forced labor that occurred during
World War II, and another has moved towards
the debate over export controls.
Do you think that this rift can be healed?
It seems like it's getting worse every day.
KANG KYUNG-WHA: Well, history casts a long
shadow, as I always say.
And -- but we are also very close neighbors
that have built very interdependent relations
over the past seven decades.
Being an optimist, as you note, but also being
the foreign minister of my country, you know,
we remain committed to resolving the issues
through dialogue, good-faith, honest dialogue.
I had my first meeting with the new foreign
minister of Japan.
And my commitment to continue to work with
him and his team on all of these different
-- difficult tracks remains very strong.
I think the issue of the forced labor is clarified
in our court judgment from the -- of late
last year, a Supreme Court judgment on the
forced labor issue.
WILLIAM BRANGHAM: All right.
KANG KYUNG-WHA: And, yes, it's a tough issue,
because it's -- we have different recollections,
different ways in which we want to approach
the past.
But the trade restriction measures were, for
us...
WILLIAM BRANGHAM: Yes.
KANG KYUNG-WHA: ... clearly unacceptable and
retaliatory.
But we are committed to finding a way through
this very difficult situation through continued
diplomatic engagement.
WILLIAM BRANGHAM: Foreign Minister Kang Kyung-Wha,
thank you very, very much for being here.
KANG KYUNG-WHA: Thank you.
