We were probably in the world's most ideologically
remote country. No sooner had we hit the ground
in Pyongyang, than our pre-arranged schedule
was on. On the face of it, Pyongyang is a
surprisingly attractive, unoppressive city,
free from the grime and claustrophobia of
other Asian capitals. It was of course razed
during the Korean War in the early 1950's.
It has been totally rebuilt.
Kim Il Sum is the only leader North Korea
has known. Ten months after his death, they
appear to be having a hard time adjusting
to life without his omnipotent presence. Call
it deification, or even that pat Western phrase:
' The Cult of the Personality' - but this
happens here every day... 1000's paying homage
to a dead leader. Whether it's indoctrination,
or just an extreme form of misguided loyalty,
the result is an almost religious conviction
that one man had all the answers.
There's to be one leader who can understand
what's the collective need, right? And also
there must be a leader who can lead, channel
the collective efforts into something which
the collective desired, otherwise the social
disorder will arise. So according to our conception
of society, there must be a leader and the
leader is something quite different to the
individual. In this respect, I strongly object
to the term 'Personality Cult' concerning
our Great Leader
Next morning our itinerary said we were off
to the SANG WONG? cement factory, and off
to the Sang Wong cement factory we went.
Not what you might expect, but this two million
tonne a year hi tec operation is controlled
by a handful of technocrats from this fully
computerised base. Overseen by the Great Leader
himself.
What did the Great Leader say when he came
here? He said we should conduct, should manage
the production process in a successful way,
so that we increase the production.
Later we popped into a 'Chiong Ban Ri' co-operative
farm, the North Korean equivalent of the old
Soviet Collectives. They did acknowledge that
this was a model farm - so model in fact,
that the immaculate paddy workers didn't even
smudge their make-up.
At the moment North Koreans are dreaming of
a free trade zone to kick-start their moribund
economy - but it's a long way from reality.
There was no hiding the country's economic
situation: on the one hand grand showpieces
like this.. and on the other, stagnation and
failed commercial and industrial projects.
This is one of the Government's prize showpieces,
the West Sea Barrage - an ambitious project
on the coast west of Pyongyang aimed at harnessing
fresh water at the mouth of the Tae Dong river.
It was completed in 1986, but, with no more
money to prop it up, the economy as a whole
remains in an economic coma
This thing, the Tower of Juche is one of the
reasons for their self confidence. It's their
symbol of self reliance. But we had to wonder
if that should not be self delusion.
How do you feel about the fact that almost
every country in the world that was communist
or socialist no longer is - and probably only
Cuba and your country, The Democratic Peoples'
Republic of Korea, hold to this socialist
philosophy? Actually, in Eastern European countries
socialism collapsed. But it is the socialism
of the Eastern Europeans' type, not the socialism
in the true sense. So the collapse means superiority
of socialism and the collapse of opportunism.
They didn't stay steadfast to the principle
of socialism. First, they didn't go among
the people and they didn't rely on the people.
This is Pyongyang's ''Universal Studios''
as it were. But there are those of course
who would argue that this entire country is
one big film set...and according to the script,
this man, Kim Il Sung's eccentric son, Kim
Jong Il should have succeeded him by now.
But, officially, this is yet to happen. So
at this point, it is difficult to tell exactly
who's directing the show in North Korea. Behind
the scenes, there's talk of an ongoing power
struggle between the old guard and a new generation
of technocrats who want to open the door to
the West in a bid to revive the seriously
flagging economy.
And from an early age North Korean children
are taught the myth. And in places like this,
the children's palace, this is reinforced
over and over again. In his role as a self-styled
child psychologist, the Great Leader certainly put
a lot of work - and money - into kids. After
all, who can resist a beautiful child, let
alone a beautiful smiling child, or as it
seemed to us, a nation of beautiful, smiling
children.
But if this place was their most
potent mind drug, then we were in grave danger
of o-ding... they went too far - or maybe
Westerners can't tell the difference between
exploitation and enthusiasm? You tell me...?
This is a nation built on mass adulation and
mass mobilisation, and we saw them in action
simultaneously. This was the ostensible official
reason for our being here: the International
Sports and Culture Festival for Peace.. 150,000
invited locals, 50,000 performers, 20,000
foreign guests... and this motley crew, refugees
from the world of modern wrestling...
For whatever reason, wrestlers, male or female,
are celebrities here, sporting superstars
and aside from mass gymnastics - at which
the North Koreans are clearly gold medal winners
- wrestling, all of it tacky, was the only
sport at the sports' festival.
And the final bout of the festival? The local
hero versus the imperial warmonger, the USA...
I'm sure many of the North Korean fans still
think it was for real. And who wins this most
brutal exchange since the confrontation over
this country's reputed nuclear capability?
You guessed it...
It was impossible not to draw the analogy
between this incongruous event and North Korea
"wrestling" - as it were - with the realities
of the post communist world.
As a correspondent one of the handful of
places in the world you wonder whether you'll
get to see is the 38th Parallel, marking the
demilitarised zone between North and South
Korea....
On this side - the North - there are God knows
how many troops ... and literally a few decent
strides away in the South, 40 000 US military
personnel and behind them if the DPRK can
be believed 1,000 nuclear weapons
North Korea has neither the capacity nor the
intention to develop nuclear weapons - but
America raised the issue of nuclear development
in the North in order to introduce nuclear
weapons into South Korea. We built a nuclear
power plant for peaceful purposes.
The reality of the DMZ drives home that this
whole "Great/Dear Leader thing" - whatever
else it is - is a way of mobilising 22 million
North Korean people against the threat of
attack - real or imagined - from the Americans
in the South.
Rightly or wrongly, since the Korean War,
they believe they have been fighting for their
survival
Now slowly, almost imperceptibly, they appear
to be accepting their old way of fighting
like the ancient oriental martial arts has
been superseded by history.
If our visit - as manipulated as is was - was
any indication they may also have accepted
that clinging to a superseded ideology like
communism in an almost completely non-communist
world, is also not very smart...
Maybe the hermit kingdom is coming out of
its cave... or at least they're thinking about it.
