all physics
of the nineteenth century
and really it was cold classical physics
examples are tony mechanics which we
dealt with
his full term
and
electricity magnetism
which you will
and counter the next yr
nearly part of the century
when we learned about the compositional
adams
it became clear that classical physics
did not work
on the very small-scale
off the items the size of a net in
noted ten to two minus ten meters
if you take two hundred fifty million of
them you line them up
that's only one is
g nineteen eleven
the english
physicist run reports
demonstrated that almost
all the mass of anatomy is concentrated
in extreme small volume at the center of
the adam
recall that the nucleus it's positively
charged
and their electrons which are negatively
charged
i orbits around the nucleus
and a typical distances from the nucleus
thirty electrons is about one hundred
thousand times larger than the size
of the nucleus
as early as nineteen twenty brother ford
name to the pro coleman cheppali
discovered a note from
in nineteen
didn't do for which he received the
nobel prize
but i would imagine that this lecture
hall
is an add-on
and the size of anatomy is defined by
the orbits the outerwear bits of the
electoral
if i scaleatron delete now in this ratio
hundred-thousand tu wong
then the size of the nucleus
will be even smaller
than a grain of sense
and it just so happens that yesterday
i went to plum island i worked for three
hours on the beach
and i ended up with some sent in my
pocket
and so
i will donate to uwm proto
we truly hold onto it
will give this to protons that student
was
so keep it there
is one profile
and there would be an actual mentos
anywhere there
near the walls going around like mad in
orbit
and that would then be
how does eleven to think about
what other news an atom
is all
vacuum
and i'm all
vacuum
you think of yourself of being something
but we have nothing
you can ask yourself the question if you
all document
why is it then that i can move my hands
not forty other hands
like a ghost can walk through walls
that's not so easy to answer
and in fact you can or entered his
classical physics and i will not return
to that debate which rival faction
according to maxwell's
equations maxwell's lol electricity
magnetism
electro
because of the attractive force of the
pro conduits piled into the proto in a
minute
office seconds and so evans could not
exist
let me know that's not true we know that
and to exist
so that created the problem for physics
and of course
the danish physicist niels bohr
who in nineteen thirteen
postulated
that electrons move around to look
listen well-defined orbits
which i distinctly separated from each
other
and that the spiraling it'll be an
excellent into the nucleus does not
occur for the reason
that an electron cannot exist in between
allowed orbited can jump
form on orbitz to another
but it cannot exist
aborted gestion
water shaking
because it would also implied of the
planet that goes around the song
cannot afford it the song just at any
distance
the grand movie just a trifle
in or trifle farmer out it would also
require discrete orbits
it would also mean
if you have a tennis ball
and you would balance the tennis ball
up-and-down
the dependable
could not reach just any level
about the ground but it would only be
discreet levels
and that is very much against
our intuition we'd like to think that
when you buy was a tennis ball
that it can reach any level that you
want to give a just a little bit more
energy
and it will go under behind her
that according to plan a mechanic
would not be
the always seems rather bizarre
noted goes against our daily experiences
but before we dismissed the idea of
quantizer asian he the compensation
comes in when you talk about this creed
orbits
well you have to
realize that the
differences india loud heights of the
tennis ball
and the differences between the allowed
orbits of the plants around the sun
would be selling capacity this poll that
we may never be able
to measure it
letter which quantum mechanics replace
no role
in our microscopic world
one of the very very small compared to
tennis balls
and quantization effects
a much larger in the stock microscopic
world
over electrons
and adams then in our familiar world
baseball's faults and pants
and plants
the before we continue i would like to
repeats to you one of the corner
stones of quantum mechanics
and it says that the electrons in adams
can only exists
as well the point energy levels
think of them as being orbits
around the nucleus and they cannot exist
inbetween
now when i need a substance
the electrons in the items conjoined
from in orbit store a lot of out of
workers
and when they do so they can leave
a whole opening an empty space indian
orbits
but later on they can fall back
to fill that opening day cant occupying
that place again
and when i keep eating
substance
there is some kind of a musical chair
game going on
electrons will go to out orbits they may
spend their sometime
and then they may fall
lower orbits in orbits
you see here please
very precious face
and when i pick up the space
i have to do work
i bring a friend away from the center
now is that energy lost
i could drop the case
and it would pick up connecticut ninety
i will get that energy back to
educational potential energy will be
completed
to kinetic energy
it'll crash two pieces
and it will generate some peaked
effective breaking itself of this case
some energy
in a similar way
the energy that you poured into
electrons when you bring into out of
whether it's is retrieved when the
electrons fullback
there is a parallel
dropping this case
and getting to work
back that i put him
i wouldn't be a nice thing to do through
this five hundred year old face
but as far as i'm concerned
perfectly reasonable to do it is already
in
let that go
and the energy
will come out
in the forum of heat and also in the
form of perhaps some norris
electrons
full problem how to word it back to in
orbit
it's not kinetic energy that is released
but that comes out often in the form of
light
electromagnetic radiation
lights
has energy
feinstein formulated kept the lights
coat on
you had a global iphoto is h times the
frequency
and h is planks constant
named after a max plank
an h
is about six point six
i've spent to minors
thirty-four
jewel sects
now we've also seen in uh...
ada wong that mountain underway flanks
of lights
because the speed of light
divided by the frequency
and so if i
eliminates
the frequency
but also can write that the energy of a
large photo
people's eighteen divided by atlanta
and so you see
the more energetic debatable
it's more of the way fine
unless and until it is available
no matter where
and so it could jump
from our order to win in orbit
is very high
than the rate flags will be shorter then
when the jump
relatively small
i can make you some kind of an energy
diagram
of these jobs
and his energy levels energy goes into a
correction
but if you want to you can think of
these
ashley position
how far do you nex ones are away from
the nucleus if you like that if that
helps you to this will be delightful it
would be to closest
to democracy
so this would be allowed energy levels
allow webbots
and if this election
jump all the rage here
but it could fall back adelaide among
made a moment in time
and energy could be so much that you
couldn't even see the light
it could be
ultraviolet
and this job
may still be ultraviolet
but nowadays job
which is a little less energy
but maybe in the group parts
of our spectrum so we may see this as
blue lights
and this one which is a little less
then there's this energy
regenerate please jump make generate
green light
and the jump from here to here which is
even less
they generate
red light
and a jump from here to view which is
leave unless made again the invisible
but it may be
infrared
address the electrons fulfill all toward
its two in orbits
you expect
very
discreet
and refused to come out very discreet
way franks
andes wavelength if you would see
correspondent
through these a lot of transitions
between these
energy levels
so if we could look at that light
and
sorted out white-collar
we would in a way cds energy level
now you have in your little envelope the
piece of plastic which we call the
grading
and degrading has the ability
decompose delights
in colors
which we call a
spectrum
and we're going to be
shortly used expect that grading
to look at
like home
helium and lights
but before we do that
i'd like to hand out as a souvenir to a
few people
randomly picked
something that they can also use
uh... it's not a good as your grade ego
but it's also nice
you'll see more sp
spectacular
result but not ice cream
notice clean
all right
one for you
one for you
one for you
and one for you
you won't want i can tell that you want
one
for europe
comeaux arnold at the site doesn't have
anything to go to war all the way over
now
so this is really for children's bodies
which i'm handing out of this boat
george cost that you want one of course
professor possible wants one couldn't
compartments you won't want
pocket and you won't want
so means usual grading
but then at the very end you can always
use the set
spectacles wit's end
don't work nearly as well but uh...
this kind of thing
i'm going to
lightyear
both this piece this light which has
speedy minutes
and that's what you're going to see
visual grading if you'll hold your
grading properly you may have to rotate
it ninety degrees you'll see
ordered works when you try it
you're going to see very very sharp
their alliance at various colors
i wanted to realize that the reason why
you see a very short narrow lines is
only
because my light source
are very sharp narrow line
if you use it on something
that is not a very sharp never wine
but you're not going to see through
degrading very sharp narrow lines
but don't confuse the lines that are on
the grading
re-use the
line source that i have here
when you start when you look in your
grading very shortly
you'll see on both sites
the wonderful wanted to be a rematch
and we will discuss it in a little bit
more detail
but before you look for you graded our
first wanted to simply
look at it
without degrading
because then
there's even more spectacular when you
lose degrading because you have no clue
when you don't use the grading what kind
of course i get in there
and according to going to see
i_d_'s
electoral
levels
so i'm going to make it
and
ultram his home
and this wound
i believe he's helium
i have a great idea
so we have to rotate it so did you see
vertical lines on vita sites
you may have to rotate it ninety degrees
no more
and if you look closely
printed look on the right side of the
lights
you'll see a distinct
blue line up your view lines green
very nice
bright yellow wong
and you see red and if you go further to
the right
the repeated several fate that we could
see a repeat of that that's more
important right now i just wanted to see
that the flight
which i have no idea that it comes out
in very discreet
wavelengths very discreet frequencies
and they correspond
who these jobs
from below
energy levels to other allowed
imaginable but there's nothing in
between
and when you look on the left side
you'll see a mirror image
of what you see on the right side
o'neill picture of the union has only
two electrons
i'm not going to put in the
a new u_n_ both
and that's
makeshift
richer
for reasons that neelam
has ten electoral so we have
many more bits
for many more ways that's
electrons can
play musical chair
along the lines in the red i'm not
blocking you at all
a lot of lines in the red
and some beautiful eyes in the yellow i
see some in the green i don't see much
in the blue add little bit in the blue
but the key thing is i wanted to see
that these lines
art discrete cities knots
just any
wavelengths that can be generated it's
only be allowed
orbits
musical game
windy
electrons
one would be to another
and that gives you this unique discrete
spectrum
bodies lie inspector would no longer for
border came
with his daring ideas
but before comic annexed these lines
were great mystery
but they no longer life
i suggest you
used his grading
use it when you outside nights look at
some streetlights
particularly sodium lamps and
mercury lamps and of course the neo mams
a quite spectacular but keep in mind
he will not see very nice straight lines
unless your light source itself has very
nice
straight narrow
light source
look what a mechanic took a big lead
in the twenties
and it would be impossible for me in the
available
amount of time to do justice to all the
basic
concepts
however
i will discuss some consequences that i
rather norm
intuitive
prior to qana mechanics there was a
long-standing battle between physicist
wilhite consist of particles
or wetter their waves
knutson
believed strongly
repair particles
and the dutchman avoidance
belief that they will wait
and it seemed like in eighteen oh one
that a conclusive experiment was done
by young
which demonstrated unambiguously
that lights
wheels waves
organs was right
but as time went on
this conflict was growing
as there were also experiment that
showed a lot of conclusively
that lights
really was particles
and it was one of the great victories of
quantum mechanics
that it shows that life is both
appliance
it behaves like waves
and other times it behaves like
particles it all depends on how you do
you experiment
in nineteen twenty three
lurie dubrovnik
made to the daring suggestion
that's of particle
can behave like away
and he specified was very specific
that the way frank
now it is called the broadway planks
ph mock swamps constant divided by two
men from all of that particle and let
them use the massive article
the velocity as we have seen
in eight oh one
is the momentum is higher
led to a friend to short
the baseball
we'll have a very high momentum which
ridicule you know
short wavelength
and one of the startling consequences is
that
protons and electrons which everyone
at that time considered particles
and then also be considered
as being weights
in nineteen twenty six
the austrian physicist wrote an article
the nearly two coffin
which is famous equation trinity crazy
it's cold now
which is the ground pillar of quantum
mechanics
it unifies the rave and a particle
character off
return to my baseball
they come out of the baseball
all say hopper kilogram
and give it a speed of hunger miles per
hour
calculates
the way flank steak you would find
poured into quite a mechanic
that way trying to sell
absurdly small
it is twenty orders of magnitude smaller
than the radius albany electoral
so does completely meaningless
for quantum mechanics
plays no role in our microscopic world
what some friends
and baseball's
without taking the election
you take the mass of the electoral
entered a minor thirty kilograms
and you get the electron is speed of
three thousand meters per second
not only a getaway flames which is
comparable
put away frank
of visible
life red lights now
something that becomes very meaningful
something that can
measures
now you may argue
she will differences that make who cares
something is away
or whether something is a particle
it makes a huge difference
those waves
crests
and they have belize
and so if you take who sources of waves
you know what a waste two sources
packing up and down on the war that we
can take
to sound sources
there are certain locations on the
surface of the war
where the crest of walking away
right at the same time
as the belly of the other
and so did cancel each other out there's
nothing there's no motion of the war
recall that that's trucked in
interference
or to other places readiness
constructive interference by the support
each other
particles can do that too
that is very hard to imagine how can one
particle
was a lot of particle
interfere
and vanish that the two particles no
longer exists
so if indeed particles are waging should
be able to demonstrate that
by having
interference pattern
of to particles like the waterways
and they can't certain locations in
space
those particles disappear which turned
out to be possible
but that's a very moment to reduce
idea
so we can go to class completely we say
local particle scandal disappear
in kuala mechanics you can think and
waves if you want to and then you have
no problems with the interference
cut and andy
destructive interference at certain
locations
but there are other remarkable
consequences of for mechanics
classical mechanics
you and i a clever enough
you think that we should be able
determined the position
of an object
to any actual issue that we require
and at the same time
the total also its momentum but any
extra should you require this dramatic
of how clever we are
simultaneously
object is right there
better kick my ass and that is its speed
however
the german
physicist
heisenberg realized in nineteen twenty
seven
that a consequence
order mechanics is
that this is not possible
strange as it may sound to you
heisenberg stated that the position and
the momentum
of an object cannot be measured
very accurately at the same time
and i will read to you
heisenberg uncertainty principle the way
we know what it says the daily concepts
also exact position over object
and it's exact moments and together had
no meaning in nature
is a profound non classical lightyear
and it is hard for anyone of us
i mean included
to comprehend but it is consistent
with all experiments that we can do to
date i want to repeat it because it's
going to be important
opal's follows
the very concept of exact position open
objects
and it's exact moment in together
have no meaning
in nature
what does it mean
first let me write down
heisenberg uncertainty principle
bell company which is the uncertainty in
the momentum
multiplied by delta expedition
uncertainty in the position
of that article
larger
or approximately equal
complex called stands divided by two
point
weakened his ex
recall that age barack
h bar is approximately
and to the minute thirty-four
jewel sections
you see eighty six point six
and spent it on my neck thirty-four
if you find that
divided by two point
you get about into the minds thirty-four
what does this mean now what it means
that if the position
is known to an accuracy delta x
loop we'll give you some examples
that the momentum
you know that truman is not the traumas
through the amount bill copy
large or equal
divided by gopac
that's what it means
and i'll give you an example
which i chosen from
the book
george gaba
wrote a book which he calls
there's a poem contin wonderland
it's about dreams
missed the pumpkins
wants to understand the quantum world
and there is a professor you'll see a
picture of the professor pulp fiction in
his dreams
various
remarkable not intuitive effects of
quantum mechanics
anyone of these dreams
the professor suggests
that will make eight bawa
and a professor takes a triangle in the
pool table
and puts a triangle over one billion
board
so the billiard ball he's constrained
its position
and a delta x
is roughly taken thirty seconds
open to any needs
that means that the
momentum
is multum determines
knopf determined to an approximate
value of one
divided by four point three
is about three
carol braun leaders
per second if we give the
billy aboard mass of one kilogram
dealt upbeat
is and okati
and so it and it won't get around
then
the speed all that
billiard ball is on the trail month
according to heisenberg uncertainty
principle
by at least approximately three meters
per second
three meters per second
that means seven miles for all
and so did billiard ball
will go around like crazy
triangle
and that's exactly
what happens
in the dream
and i'll show you
picture from that book
there's the balkans is always in pajamas
just a reminder that it is a dream
i need to use a professors are very old
man it has a very nice b uh... after the
prestige
another week you from this book
ivory julia very short
paragraph that deals with this
the professor says
look here
i'm going to ports
definite limits on the position of this
poll by putting it incites but will be
triangle
as soon as the bulldoze placed
indian closure
off the whole insights of the triangle
became fields
up is clearly of art
you see separate professor
i dislike the position of the bull
to the extent of the dimensions of the
triangle
these results
in considerable uncertainty in the
velocity
and the bull is moving rapidly inside
the boundary
can to stop it
as mister pumpkins
it is physically
impossible
everybody even close based possesses
specific motion
we physicists call it zero point motion
such as for example
the motion
all electrons
in any adam
so here you see
qana mechanics at work
when age bar
use mom
this is a very
norm classical idea because
you and i would think
and we've always dealt with that in ada
wong
that you can take an object and place at
that location eighty
and we say at time t zero
it is a
and it has no speed
and we noted last so we know
both the momentum and the position food
infinite accuracy
but according to chronic and if that's
not possible
let's not returned to the real world
rage barnes noble umbrage barged into
the mind of thirty-four
and that's not good hehe
billiard ball inside this triangle
now
delta x is the same
but into a tube are sent to the minute
thirty-four
delta p
is of course
ten to thirty four
smaller
and sort of velocity
it's ten to thirty four times smaller
on the tremendous degree to which the
velocity is now undetermined
insult ridiculously small it is three
percent of the minus thirty four meters
per second
that if you
allowed at baltimore bwi steps be
in one hundred billion years
if you believe it would move only one on
the sofa diameter of electron toward
meaningless again
and so we can you see
that quantum mechanics plays no role in
our daily microscopic world
of baseball's and basketballs
and billiards
templeton pence
and therefore it is completely okay
for us to say
i have a billiard ball
which is at point a
and classes one kilogram
and it has no speed that's completely
completely acceptable
mccormick amex has no problems with that
that's not true
they kind of genetic
the diameter of a hydrogen atom
is about ten to two minus ten meters
so real that phone is confined
to a delta x
of about ten to the minus ten
need us
that means the momentum all that electro
becomes undetermined according to
heighten works
uncertainty principle
reluctant to buy three four
divided by computer minus ten
it's about time to minus twenty four
him around
was a massive electro
that's about ten to two minus
thirty kilograms
solis
delta p is also engulfing
so it means that they'll come clean
that means the velocity of the electoral
is undetermined according to heisenberg
principle
by an amount which is at least
tend to minus twenty four
she's this project is delta p
divided by the mass of the electoral
if you spent with mine
and that is about ten twenty six
meters
for a second that is
philip of a percent of the speed of
light
sodium actual
is moving
only because of the fact
better these compliant
that's looked cuauhtemoc is all about
electrons motion
is dictated exclusively
quantum mechanics
i'm going to show you an experiment
in which i want to
convey to you
how known
intuitive
heisenberg sponsor the principal is
i have here
laser beam
and this laser beam
going to be aim throughway
narrow slits i'll make a growing
or from this lytle
and
that's let's which is a political sleeps
and the mate
never were and can be made
you it is like being
and here
is these opening is split
it's only going to be confined in this
direction on in this direction
tota light
i'm out here
and then on the screen which is going to
be debt free
a large distance
capital l
we're going to
c dot lights box
the like being going towards me
the separation
capitol hill
i start off
resisted all the way open
so you're going to see this light spots
and then i'm going to make this lifts
never never
and as i'm going to come into the white
bean
which are going to see is exactly
what you expect
you expected dislike disappears
and when i come in for that
you see exactly what you expect
the dislike disappears
total export bear on that screen
will become their work
never
the comes a point
eisenberg says oc
helpful now
because of your delta x
your knowledge
accuracy in this direction where the
lights go through
is now so high
but now i'm going to introduce
uncertainty
in the momentum of that light
the momentum of that life is now no
longer determined to infinite accuracy
and what that means if you start
floating around with the momentum of
that lights idiot's direction
it no longer go through straight but it
goes off
at an angle
and i'll make you
a more qualitative
calculation for that
so let's look at this
slips from above
you this right
and district
has an opening
delta x
and his delta x we going to make smaller
and smaller
and
let us start
with delta x
of about one tenth of a millimeter
which is spent reminders for me
i have lied
i know to wave length of the lights
and i don't know laid-back equals h
divided by pete
according to the problem
i know the way franks
i know it's so i can calculate the
momentum about life
i have done that
take my word for it
it is about ten to minors
twenty seven
kilogram
meters
protect that's the momentum of
individual light vocals
bingaman of particles
if you can do poured into the program
so now
i have a delta p
the degree to which people maintenance
undetermined according to heisenberg
there's going to be ten two-minus
thirty-four
divided by delta x
which is ten to two minus force
when ever spent in a minute
very small
momentum itself is going to minus twenty
seven
so it's only one point during a thousand
so what will happen
if the like
come through here
and i'll make a classical arguments
i think this is the momentum
of the lights as it comes to trade in
when it has to be squeezed for his
narrow opening
heisenberg uncertainty principle demands
that it's going to be undetermined the
momentum in this direction
by roughly ten to two minus thirty or
more
remembers always larger were equal
in other words if i can introduce
for instance in this direction or in
this direction
delta p
then
i would expect
but some of that light
goes off in this direction
it is this change a moment in this
on the problem is a moment in
that makes it go up in an angle
only in the excel at you if i had this
look like this
don't expect this to happen in this
direction because
uncertainty why direction
that's not the problem delta y is not
very small delta x that is very small
so does the election they're going to
get your trouble
it's only been star trek you get to know
precisely what it might go through this
election is not the issue
sodas angle fade out
and i'll be calculated very roughly
data is obviously delta p divided by p
buffet dot
very roughly ten to two minus three
radius
which is the fifteen th of a degree
and if you have at a distance al
this distance here
is al if you have your screen
the spot on the screen if i called a tax
cut location l
exit location l is always a big day dot
clientele
and if they are sent to my turf three
let's assume this is about ten meters
away from us
so l is about ten meters then you get
then to minus two leaders
that is one centimeter
one setting either in this election and
won't only be done in that direction
to suddenly this
but when i make this lift weights
ten times smaller
if i make this victories
only one hundredth of a millimeter
then
this becomes
obscenity
because now i'd know delta x
ten times better and so delta p
sometimes mortenson
so no i expect
to see here
atleast this we have twenty centimeters
and at least this new york twenty
centimeters bear sorting obscenities
that a teeny weeny little light source
virginia beginning you'll see is a very
small
spot
when i think he's smith never a narrower
indeed you will see that
you will respond quote and you will see
standing around there were and then all
of a sudden
it begins to spread out
and begins to spread out and by the time
i'm close to tens of a millimeter
the lights pulled there will be maybe
down only to it if you make the switch
smaller and the photos spread out
and i want to show that to you know
have to make it very dark
and i need my flashlight
don't behave laser beam
there you see it
slip is now although they open
not at all the way open and i'm going to
close this without float slowly
and if you look closely
you will see that
meal to get my
rat laser like two point something out
we will see that
the lights
we'll get squeezed
in the horizontal direction you can see
already at the left side
has very sharp vertical cut off in the
right side also
getting narrower
getting narrower
getting error but i know in the early
tens of a millimeter yet
getting clearly an error
if he's getting narrower
getting narrower
overlook here or not yet at the tens of
millions i'm getting there
going slowly
squeezing it
and screening those photos those photo's
now are
forced to go through an extremely narrow
opening
and heisenberg very shortly going to
jump in
and says you're going to pay a price for
that
you know too well read those photos are
in the excel rection
the price you pay
at nature will now make the momentum
on the truman's
eniac selection
and you begin to see you see it now
really begin to see at the center
portion
widening
even photos appear here you see some
guidelines for travel not further
discussed to date
but notice
at the light was spreading
of course when i squeeze this in a panic
it's narrower it's obvious that i lose
light
but the white that hits the side
obviously it is not going through for
the white intensity will go down that's
just inevitable
i'll use fewer photons
but look at this
photons here
therefore don't bear if greenspan sent
to me that this portion from here to
view it at least one foot
i squeeze more
this is more than half a meter now
i squeeze more
is it about while nato already
that's crazy even more i close this look
now
i will alternate slowly
and opening it barely slowly and at the
moment that the orphans
what it looked at it
if you guys
he's wonderful stray cat looks more like
a comment
from here to view it at least needed at
that center portion
of the white spread out
since the poor rifles forced
to goal for this very
now i'm opening it
and more
alternate more
with was it
extremely
intuitive
not only have you seen quantum mechanics
at work
interlude electrons jumping between
orbits
which we have also see
while not a very interesting consequent
upon a mechanic which is heightened
brooks uncertainty principle
notice spreading all this light
can very easily be explained
without heisenberg uncertainty principle
in fact it was known
even in the previous century
who high degree of accuracy
why this happens
and the dark lines
we're very accurately explains
all i wanted to show is that the
spreading of the lights
is entirely consistent
is heisenberg uncertainty principle
and had better be
because it would not be
possible it would be
inconceivable
that you could do any experiments
that would violate heisenberg
uncertainty principle
and it is right
that you would see
on the screen there
if thats like sports we'll get narain
narain narain narain all the time as we
would think classical e
that would be a violation of heisenberg
uncertainty principle
is not possible
now there is no way in advance to
predict
which totals
and aware
or you can do was quite a mechanics
doing experiment with lots of phone
calls
and then you will get a certain
distribution
and the distribution will be exactly
as you sold there
quantity ten x
can never predict on individual photo
where it will end up
we saw that rights pop in the center
so if you get his experiment with one
photo two date
month for corporate bigwigs would be
sweet
and you had a photographic right there
they would keep it there for months
you develop it you would see this a
pattern that you see there
this portal rights today
you're right along tomorrow
your item on the day after tomorrow you
on the day after that the day after that
the day after that
today after that
today after that they after that
so don't think
that this
interference that and that you saw all
is the result of two photos going for
the state simultaneously
model
you can do it was one total
and you would see exactly the same thing
no this idea that you cannot in advance
predict what a particular potent will do
is a very non classic
and have ruptures all the wrong way
because our classical way of thinking is
and you were no difference from my own
creating in this respect
if you don't experimental packed in a
controlled way
who should get on the times
exactly
results
not so
fest quantum mechanics
all the clerk at mitchell tell you is
what the probabilities
that something will happen
no guarantee
but it is very good
in predicting
probabilities
behind so i have great problems with his
idearc of not knowing precisely
what would happen
and yet endless discussions ouija board
and others in which he try to convince
them
that because you couldn't predict what
happened that something had to be wrong
risk one weekend ice plants being his
words were
dos not
throw backs
this was the way with his way of saying
it is ridiculous at the outcome of a
well controlled experiments
is uncertain
now almost nine that decades have gone
by since the beginning of quantum
mechanics and we now know
that golf
if there is one
dubs throwback
however goal is bound to the rules of
comic annex and cannot violate
heisenberg uncertainty principle
the lights could not go straight
through without spreading
when i make this late
as narrow
as i did
mccormick
mechanics is bizarre worlds
that we rarely experience in our daily
lives
because we used to basketball baseball's
tennis balls
it is the way the world pics
and out of the molecules can only exist
because of quantum account
that means you and i can only exist
because of quantum mechanics
but this will give you something to
think about
but i warn you in advance
because if you start thinking about this
we'll give you headaches
and will give you sleepless nights
editors gave me
giving me complicitous nights in the
past
and even today when i think about the
consequences
the bizarre consequences of quantum
mechanics
i still cannot comprehend it
i still cannot digest it
and i still have headaches
and sleepless nights
but it may be necessary to go through
the sleepless nights
if you want to be venture evolve as an
independent thinking scientists
that sunday
all of you will thank you
