Dr Manzoor Hussain Malik Consultant Ophthalmologist.
Al–Shifa Eye Hospital, Laser & Glaucoma Centre,  Bahawal Pur, Pakistan,describes that cornea
may develop an opacity due to the following causes:
 
Infective corneal ulcer- bacterial, fungal, viral, Chlamydial or protozoal.
Non – infective corneal ulcer,   metabolic and idiopathic
 
Traumatic.
Corneal opacity is formed as healing response to injury to the corneal tissue, which may be mild
 
and superficial known as Nebula, a bit deeper and  dense known as   macula and denser and
 
 
deeper – Leukoma. So corneal opacity if central, affects the vision very badly and may need
Keratoplasty to restore vision. But if Keratoplasty is not possible and opacity is small we may
 
 
restore some vision with optical iridectomy sometime opacity is dense, vascularised and
Keratoplasty is not possible we can offer cosmetic contact  lenses or corneal tattooing to the
patient for cosmetic improvement.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
