 
Welcome to Art N’ Purulia. I am Tarit Mahato.
You are watching “Learn to draw and paint”
in simple steps.
This is the third video of the series
If you haven't seen the Part 1 Introduction and
Part 2 Drawing, please watch them first. The links are given in the description
In this video we will talk about colour theory
and it’s application in painting.
What is Colour, or how do we see colour.
A white light comprises of 7 rainbow colours,
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo,
and violet
When light falls on an object, some wavelengths
of light (colours) are absorbed, and some
are reflected back.
We see the ones reflected back
Primary Colours are yellow, blue and red.
These colours are called Primary because these
cannot be made.
These can be mixed to make any other colour,
except white.
When all colours are reflected back, we see
white.
When all colours are absorbed, it is black.
With these three primary colours and white,
we can make any colour in the rainbow, and even black
The colours we get by mixing the Primary colours
are called secondary colours.
When we mix Yellow and red, we get orange,
When we mix red and blue, we get purple
and when we mix yellow and blue, we get green.
When we arrange all colours in a circular
shape, we call it a colour wheel.
This is a way we can study the relationship
between colours in the spectrum.
It is better to keep yellow always on top.
Here we can see the tertiary colours also.
Tertiary colours are those colours that we
get after
mixing adjacent colours of primary
and secondary.
There colours are named beginning with the
primary colour.
So we see here, P, the primary colours are
yellow, red, and blue.
S the secondary colours are orange, green,
and purple.
T, the tertiary colours are red-orange, yellow-orange,
red-violet, blue-violet, blue-green, and yellow-green.
Here we can see, the tonal value of all the
colours are not same.
Violet has the darkest tone, whereas yellow
has the lightest.
Now we will understand some basic concepts
of colour.
When we say hue, it is the basic name of a
colour, like red, orange, blue.
Intensity, saturation or chroma are all the
same thing.
They mean the intensity or purity of a colour
or hue
Value is the degree of lightness or darkness
of a colour.
It’s not same as intensity.
Tint is a colour produced by adding white
Tone is a colour produced by adding grey
Shade is a colour produced by adding black.
White, grey or black can be added to a pure
colour to match
the value and intensity of a colour
 
This is the summary of what we just talked of.
 
The pure colour, the tints, tones, and shades
Colours can be classified as cool or warm.
A warm colour is orangish, and a cool colour
is bluish.
Even red can have a cool shade and green can have a warm shade
Colours can depict our emotions also.
Generally yellow is associated with happiness, enlightenment, spring, illness
Orange is associated with extroverted,
adventure, loudness
Red is associated with Energy, Action,
Danger,
Violet is associated with royalty, death, mourning,
unrest
Blue is associated with depth,,
loyalty, sadness, coldness
Green is associated with life, nature,
and even jealousy
We will talk on some of the colour schemes
When we use only one colour and use its tints,
tones and shades by adding white, grey and
black, we refer to it as monochromatic scheme.
It provides a very elegant and soothing look
Analogous scheme, This scheme is made of colours that sit adjacent
to each other on the colour wheel.
It provides simplistic look and pleasing to
eye
Triadic scheme uses three colors equally spaced
around the color wheel (for example,
red-orange, blue-violet, and yellow-green
Complimentary scheme is made up of two colours
which sit totally opposite in the colour wheel,
like red and green.
It offers maximum possible contrast.
The scheme is made up of a colour and two
colours adjacent to its compliment.
It provides adequate contrast but less contrasting 
as complimentary.
Analogous complimentary scheme. This combines the analogous and complimentary.
and provides an excellent harmony of colours.
There is an alternate theory of primary colours as yellow,  cyan and magenta
This scheme is used in printing technology primarily
and Yellow, cyan and magenta along with black
produces beautiful colours.
Even some of the artists prefer this scheme.
and a lot of digital artists use this scheme
Now we have seen a lot of theory and schemes,
but how do we practically use it.
All colours can be made using the primary
colours and white.
White can not be made.
In fact, even black can be made by mixing
the primary colours in approximate ratio of
blue 4, red 2 and yellow 1
various shadesof an object
we need to study the various shades required for a colour
to depict a 3 dimensional object on paper
In case of a monochromatic scheme, we need to
and add white grey or black to the base colour
to meet the various shades requirement of the colour
A red ball will look absolutely flat as a circle
if only one value of red is used
We need to show the different values of the colour
to show the ball as a 3 D object
so we need to find out the base colour, ie the mid tone,
the highlight colour, ie the lightest tone
and shadow colour, which may be the darkest tone
This brings us to an end to the colour theory
Thank you for watching the video
see you in the next video, wherin we will see some actual colour mixing
and application of all these theory
bye
