Hello. I'm Savaş.
What do you think of nuclear bombs?
Every cloud has a silver lining.
Except nuclear mushroom clouds
which have a lining of other radioactive isotopes.
Upon detonation, atoms are literally gutted
and glutton at temperatures
exceeding that of the surface of our Sun.
In the 1950s, Harold Edgerton's
rapatronic camera caught nuclear fireballs less than
a thousandth of a second after detonation.
Using a special magnetic shutter,
each exposure lasted only a billionth of a second and captured
an other-worldly creature
its energy vaporising the metal wires
supporting its tower into stringing legs of plasma.
Watch the target on the ground.
Now, roughly visualized, here is a conventional TNT explosion.
Now, on the same spot,
a similarly sized bomb that uses nuclear fission.
When 'Little Boy' was detonated over Hiroshima
only 1.38% of its uranium actually fissioned.
The rest was blown away before that could happen
which means
the fission of merely 0.7 grams of uranium
that's less than the weight of a banknote
was enough to kill 80,000 people
and destroy two-thirds of city's buildings.
When a country has tens of thousands
of nuclear weapons ready to go
accidents are a possibility.
This was a problem during the Cold War
and it still is a problem.
What if there is a fire
or a miscommunication
or a rogue officer decides to set one off.
Or what if someone just drops a warhead?
The acceptable probability of a nuclear weapon accident?
The acceptable probability
of the detonation of a nuclear weapon in an accident is one in a million.
In 2019, the odds of your dying
in a commercial airliner accident were about one in eleven million.
So that's even more remote than the accidental detonation of a nuclear weapon.
Since 1950, there have been 32 nuclear weapon accidents
known as "Broken Arrows.
A Broken Arrow is defined
as an unexpected event involving nuclear weapons
that result in the accidental launching, firing, detonating, theft or loss of the weapon.
To date, six nuclear weapons have been lost and never recovered.
One of them took place in USA.
Luckily, none that resulted in critical mass
but accidents nonetheless.
in North Carolina
A giant sign that says
"Nuclear mishap".
in 1961
a US B-52 bomber carrying two 4 megaton thermonuclear bombs
over North Carolina tumbled from the sky
A loose lanyard in the cockpit snagged the bomb release switch.
Each bomb contained a greater explosive yield
than all munitions ever detonated by mankind combined.
Lieutenant Jack Revell discovered that
only one safety mechanism didn't fail that day.
A single low voltage arming switch remained untouched during the crash.
And that one switch is why
we don't have a bay where North Carolina is today.
The bombs were recovered... mostly.
The uranium-rich Secondary of one of the bombs was never found.
To this day it remains buried
underground in North Carolina.
Here's something you can try at home.
Build a nuclear reactor.
In 1994, a 17-year-old David Han attempted to build
a nuclear reactor in his mother's backyard in Michigan.
It wasn't that difficult.
For instance
common everyday smoke detectors contain small amounts of
radioactive Americium.
And old glow in the dark paint contains Radium
His reactor never reached critical mass
but it did succeed in exposing his neighborhood
to 1000 times the regular dosage of background radiation.
It was declared a Superfund hazardous materials cleanup site
and all of his work was confiscated by authorities and buried in Utah.
It didn't end there.
In 2007 David Hahn
was arrested for stealing smoke detectors from an apartment building.
His face was covered with sores believed to be caused by constant exposure to radioactive materials.
And there are good examples.
Like, Taylor Ramon Wilson
he was born in May 7, 1994
is an American nuclear physics enthusiast and science advocate.
In 2008, at the age of 14
he produced nuclear fusion using a fusor
and at the time was the youngest person ever to do so.
Three days after Little Boy was dropped on Hiroshima by the Enola Gay
Charles Sweeney was ordered to drop Fatman
on Kokura.
He flew over the city for nearly
an hour with the bomb bay doors open
but it was cloudy.
Sweeney couldn't achieve visual confirmation of the target
and was forced to go to the secondary target - Nagasaki
where 75,000 people died instead.
Kokura was spared because of the clouds.
We can build a weapon that mimics the furnace of our Sun
and the winds of Neptune
but yet we can't predict the weather more than a few minutes ahead of time.
During World War 2
Japanese soldiers spot for their
emperor in ways that made allied troops speechless.
Kamikaze planes and torpedoes
When outnumbered
without hope, Japanese soldiers were reported to have thrown themselves
off clips or swam out to sea to drown
rather than surrendered.
Even after two atomic bomb attacks
the Japanese Minister of War urged his people to continue fighting.
But on August 14th, 1945
the Emperor of Japan
overruled that decision and unconditionally
surrendered.
The heavy casualties are beyond measure.
Richard Feynman received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965.
He also
helped develop the first atomic bomb
at Los Alamos
In "The Meaning of It All," he wrote
"Is science of any value?"
And below that
"I think a power to do something is of value."
He elaborates by talking about keys.
Everything we learned about the universe
everything we invent or discover within it
is a key to the gates of heaven.
But the same key will
also open the gates to hell.
The Titan II Missile is great for delivering lethal nuclear warheads.
But it also sent Gemini astronauts to space
preparing us for a mission to the Moon.
Science doesn't tell us how to use keys.
It finds them
or predicts them.
How we use keys is up to us.
Finally I would like to speak about
the biggest and most effective nuclear bomb.
Tsar Bomba
To see the size of the Tsar bomb
first of all Let's look at the Hiroshima bomb effects on Istanbul.
This circle you see shows the area it affects.
Now let's see the effect of the Tsar bomb ..
Unbelievable..
Einstein says in a statement
"Had I known that the Germans would not succeed in developing an atomic bomb, I would have done nothing for the bomb."
"we thus drift toward unparalleled catastrophe."
Based on what Einstein said my thought is
A weapon developed against the possibility of another nation developing an atomic bomb.
It cost a lot of people's lives.
And once again the question came to our mind.
Was all this just a beginning?
Thanks for watching.
