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many today think the universe is only
built by tiny bits of matter and all
that exists is different arrangements of
these particles all your hopes and
dreams are nothing more than the
products of tiny atoms bouncing around
the fundamental nature of the universe
and everything within is material and I
always see and know is nothing more than
the emergent features of these tiny
particles but despite this physicists
are finding a different picture of
reality the old notions of materialism
are fading away our universe doesn't
appear to be material after all but
something emerging from a more
fundamental underlying reality
space-time in matter do not appear to be
the foundation of reality but an
emergent construct of a deeper reality
and a new consensus in physics is
emerging the future at least of this
development will be that we start
actually with information so information
is going to be our starting point and
space-time is not something that we
start with we forget about what space is
and what time and then somehow the
information by thinking about how much
information is what information is doing
then the space-time will what we call
the emergent it will come out of just a
bunch of zeros and ones so the idea is
that the concept of space of distance
all the spatial concepts from deal with
in science are emerging from that deeper
level they're not fundamental in the
world
they're derivative in the hunt to
rectify quantum mechanics with
relativity physicists discovered
something known as the holographic
principle a theory which suggests the
entire three-dimensional universe can be
seen as two-dimensional information in
other words the whole three-dimensional
universe the particles that make up
reality would emerge from underlying
information in quantum field theory
people finally began to articulate this
new principle this holographic principle
and what it said is that all the things
that we're falling inside a black hole
we're somehow captured in a preserved
image at the horizon itself so if the
information is not lost on the surface
the information is not lost inside
because they are equivalent all the
information about those objects what
they were like in their
three-dimensional existence was
preserved or encoded on the surface of
the black hole and that's a little bit
like a hologram well that suggests that
maybe that idea may apply more broadly
to the universe as a whole maybe the
three-dimensional objects us everything
the world around us maybe all of the
information in these objects is carried
is smeared around a distant
two-dimensional surface that surrounds
us and we're just in some sense a
holographic projection of that distant
data the holographic principle tells us
something quite astonishing it says that
our ideas of volume of it the real world
in a sense might be a kind of illusion
the holographic principle only worked in
theory at first with no observable date
at a packet but all that changed in 2017
when a peer-reviewed study published
observable evidence for the holographic
principle they tested the model against
cosmological observations of the early
universe and found that the holographic
model is compatible with the data that
is found in the cosmic microwave
background radiation from looking at
irregularities in the background
radiation their team found that simple
equations of quantum field theory could
explain almost all the cosmological
observations is marginally a better fit
than the standard model and can
potentially explain apparent anomalies
but this would mean evidence in the
cosmic microwave background radiation in
first three-dimensional reality is an
emergent informational construct
observable evidence infers reality as we
experience is not fundamental but
emerges from the quantum realm this
piece of data only correlates to a study
from later that same year which points
out entanglement is an inevitable
feature of reality entanglement happens
when two particles interact in a way
that their quantum state or wave
function cannot be described
independently or without the other
however if you were to separate them by
a great distance a change to one
instantly affects the other this has
been demonstrated in several experiments
and now a new study shows that such a
phenomena is an inevitable feature of
reality we show that any theory with a
classical limit must contain entangled
States thus establishing entanglement as
an inevitable feature of any Theory
superseding classical theory in other
words any theory which purports to
describe reality must include quantum
entanglement as an underlying
fundamental feature of reality if you
entangle two particles and separate them
by a great distance a change to one will
instantly affect the other regardless of
the space between them so the
information between them doesn't seem to
be affected by space and playing space
is not fundamental for the underlying
world of quantum mechanics for an
emergent phenomena of the classical
world that only exists after measurement
whereas space is just obviously not
fundamental space is something where
when you when you go from classical
mechanics to quantum mechanics space
more or less disappears you know in
classical mechanics what do you have
some particles moving through space with
some velocity and quantum mechanics you
have a wave function of all those
particles that wavefunction we tend to
talk a language that the wave function
is a function of all the particles in
their locations in space but we don't
have to talk that way we can use what is
called the momentum space description we
can completely describe the particles by
how fast they're moving instead of where
they are in the universe and for that
matter we don't need to use any
description at all we can just use these
quantum mechanical States in their own
right with no reference to space
whatsoever
remember that in quantum mechanics prior
to measurement particles have no defined
properties or locations in the absence
of measurement particle simply exists as
a wavefunction of possible States they
could take and that includes a location
of the particles if particles have
notifying locations prior to measurement
that would mean the information between
entangled particles exist other than
spatially spatial location only emerges
after measurement thus entanglement
shows space is not fundamental but
emergent from quantum processes
correlating with the evidence from the
holographic principle the wavefunction
of entangled particles is far more
fundamental than the space between them
therefore the underlying information is
more fundamental and space is emergent
space is just the illusion that
particles are separated not a
fundamental feature of reality physicist
Sean Carroll writes on his blog space
emerging from quantum mechanics that the
most likely way to explain the nature of
gravity is the notes space emerges from
quantum mechanics not that space is a
fundamental property of the subatomic
world physicists hyunseok yang says
emergent space-time is the new
fundamental paradigm for quantum gravity
this new paradigm suggests space is not
fundamentally real but emerged from the
underlying quantum realm
but it is not just space that is
emerging from quantum entanglement
Einstein demonstrated space and time or
one so that would have to mean that time
is also emerging from the underlying
quantum realm in an experiment from 2013
reveals this the wheeler DeWitt equation
which calculated the wave function of
the universe never the time factor
dropped out meaning time is also not a
fundamental aspect of the underlying
quantum world but immersion in the
classical world that we experience day
to day and in 2013 an experiment seemed
to confirm this idea at that time along
with space is an emergent phenomena
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probably what's going on is what we're
seeing is that the whole notion of space
and time it's probably not really
fundamental so space that sounds
incredible that space and time is not
fundamental space and time seem in an
ordinary sense to be the most
fundamental thing and everything else
seems to happen in space and time as
sort of the fixed background right but
what could be happening is that there
are two different notions of time a more
fundamental one and an emergent one that
so it's the emergent one that is part of
the space-time but there is a more
fundamental one that makes sense without
space now neither one of those new ways
are obvious to us in our common
perception obviously but Einstein put
space and time together which was a
radical change what you're saying is
that the time that he might have unified
with space may be an emergent time
there's something more fundamental in
time thus all of what we experience
space-time matter all seem to be
emergent constructs of the classical
world not fundamental aspects of reality
experimental data shows us matter in
space-time are emergent while in
contrast another experiment shows the
wave function is fundamental to reality
at the event of quantum mechanics many
suggested the wave function was not
actually a part of nature but just a
mathematical tool which represents our
lack of knowledge about the system yet a
recent experiment gave strong evidence
the wave function should directly
correspond to
reality so the wavefunction a
mathematical probability of possible
states in Hilbert space does correspond
to the fundamental nature of reality
space-time is nothing more than a
construct emerging from the wavefunction
in Hilbert space space-time is not
fundamental the space-time is if you
like an effective emergent description
from something else the implications of
this are quite astonishing because the
wavefunction is not a physical object
extended through space but a
mathematical probability of where
physical particles will appear in space
Sean Carroll explains mathematically
wave functions are elements of a
mathematical structure called Hilbert
space that means they are vectors we can
add a quantum states together the origin
of super positions and quantum mechanics
and calculate the angle or dot product
between them the word space in Hilbert
space doesn't mean the good old
three-dimensional space we walk through
every day or even the four-dimensional
space-time of relativity it's just math
speak for a collection of things in this
case possible quantum states of the
universe the underlying truth of the
universe is a mathematical reality from
which the classical world we experience
emerges what we think is objectively
real is nothing more than an emergent
construct of underlying mathematical
informational processes to further
confirm this Bryan Whitworth looked at
specific features of our universe and
compared them to a virtual world what he
found was eleven key features of the
universe or better explained with the
idea of a virtual reality instead of an
objective reality with fundamental space
time and matter features of our universe
like the maximum speed the Big Bang
quantum transitions and wavefunction
collapse all make more sense in a
virtual world in other words the
philosophical conclusion is our universe
behaves more like a virtual world
instead of an objective reality this
aligns with the scientific data we just
discussed which show space time and
matter are emergent
on top of this the work in theoretical
physics is leading us towards the
conclusion the rules of physics and
gravity are emerging from the underlying
spaceless timeless quantum realm all the
evidence infers that physical reality is
not fundamental but emergent from
underlying information but there is a
much deeper implication here the
wavefunction explains the emergence of
space-time but the same underlying
mathematics has been seen to parallel
conscious thought processes quantum
superpositions do have a vague
similarity to how we think and mentally
operate for example we often hold
conflicting positions simultaneously
before making a final decision like how
the wavefunction is in a superposition
of multiple states before final collapse
to one definite outcome we can bounce
around between different ideas in our
head
similarly the quantum tunneling this
similarity might be more interesting
than we realize in 2009 physicist Dirac
Eretz took this one step further and
published a paper noting that our
cognitive processes can be readily
modeled using the mathematical formalism
of quantum mechanics in other words our
inner mental world of thoughts qualia
and emotions can be modeled in terms of
Hilbert space in quantum processes the
same processes that give rise to space
time and matter many suggest this is
just a coincidence but there have been
hints that it goes beyond this within
the past few years a number of papers
have been published supporting quantum
mind theory information processing has
been reported to exist inside
microtubules in another study has shown
that tubulin protein molecules
self-assemble the ik wantem tunneling we
even have evidence to suggest that
quantum vibrations are coming from
microtubules quantum biology researcher
a near Bonn van dopa said the
microtubule appears to be a fundamental
information processing device in biology
more and more evidence keeps coming out
supporting that there are quantum
processes in the brain Co hearing with
the field of quantum cognition that the
inner world of the mind should be
modeled with the properties of quantum
mechanics
this all suggests quantum cognition is
not just a way to model cognitive
processes but directly applies to the
very nature of the mind in the brain
Stuart Hameroff also points out that
since the inner mental world of the mind
can be modeled like the quantum world
the brain is more likely to be quantum
computing instead of classically
computing ok so quantum cognition is
this mathematical approach and from
Wikipedia they they say well the fear
the field clearly distinguishes itself
from the quantum mind as it is not
reliant on the hypothesis that there was
something quantum mechanical about the
brain so they're trying to have their
cake and eat it too they're trying to
say we're using quantum mathematics but
we don't want to go on that risky limb
that there's quantum biology in the
brain because everybody knows the brains
too warm wet and noise to get quantum
computing going on nonetheless some of
us do feel that the brain has quantum
biology it has to and for example if a
classical system would try to simulate a
quantum system you'd have exponential
slow down as firemen showed you it would
be you wouldn't be able to do it it
would involve so much computation what
would be the point of using a classical
system in the branching to simulate a
quantum system if you could have the
quantum system quantum cognition seems
to fit with recent experimental data of
quantum mind theory and recognizes the
basic idea that our thoughts and
emotions behave like quantum
superpositions not like physical objects
are chemicals bouncing around inside our
heads
thus the inner world of the mind our
thoughts emotions dreams quality etc
would be distinct from the physical
world like how Hilbert space is distinct
from space-time in other words there is
a parallel distinction with the
spaceless non-physical reality of
Hilbert space from which space-time
emerges to how the spaceless
non-physical reality of our mind our
thoughts and motion streams is distinct
from the external physical world this is
a common understanding with regards to
the mind matter distinction in
philosophy of mind no one can
demonstrate how a mental phenomena would
emerge from a physical substance a
feeling of pain can never be equated to
an electrical signal the mental
experience of color cannot be equated to
electromagnet
waves which hit receptors in her eyes
there is merely a correlation between
the two but one cannot explain how
qualia could ever possibly emerge from
this as John Searle says how does a
mental reality a world of consciousness
intentionality and other mental
phenomena fit into a world consisting
entirely of physical particles and
fields of force : McGinn says the
problem with materialism is that it
tries to construct the mind out of
properties that refuse to add up to
mentality Thomas Nagel says if a mental
event really is a physical event in the
sense and nothing else then the physical
event by itself once its properties are
understood should likewise be sufficient
for the taste of sugar the feeling of
pain or whatever it is supposed to be
identical with but it doesn't seem to be
it seems conceivable for any physical
event there should be a physical event
without any experience at all experience
of taste seems to be something extra
contingently related to the brain state
something produced rather than
constituted by the brain state so it
cannot be identical to the brain state
in the way that water is identical to
h2o in other words no amount of
introspection can ever be reduced to the
chemistry of the brain there's nothing
about introspection that leads you to
sense that your subjectivity is that all
dependent or even related to voltage
changes and chemical interactions going
on inside your head okay you can you can
feel you can drop acid you can meditate
for a year you can do whatever you want
to perturb your nervous system you can
you can feel yourself to be one with the
universe and at no point in that
transformation do you get a glimpse that
there's a hundred trillion neurons in
your head or synapses in your head that
are doing anything but what if we have
it backwards what if the problem is we
think that mind arises from the brain
when in reality what if the experience
of the physical world arises from the
mental world correlating to how
space-time emerges from hilbert space
the correlates can no longer be ignored
as scientific evidence points of the
fact that space hemin matter are
emergent from the wave function in
Hilbert's
in the inner world of consciousness in
mind can be modeled as hilbert space in
the study of quantum cognition ad on the
evidence for quantum mind theory and the
most parsimonious explanation his
space-time emerges from a shared
interment alone governed by a universal
mind the physical universe we experience
is emergent from a necessary mind
this simply correlates through the
idealist views of philosophy of mind it
is not matter that it's fundamental in
mind emergent but mind is fundamental in
the experience of the physical world is
what emerges from mind think of what we
experience it is a world of qualia all
we see can be described as mental
without reference to any separate
physical substance it is completely
impossible to describe the inner mental
world in terms of physical interactions
but we can easily explain the physical
world we experience in terms of quality
of shapes forms feelings tastes smells
etc all of these are mental in nature
and the physical world itself can be
reduced entirely to mathematics and how
we describe it Keith Ward says it like
this
any physicists will say that brains are
mostly empty space in which molecules
atoms electrons quarks and other strange
particles buzz about in complicated ways
it seems as though physical objects
we're not being observed have no colors
and no sounds smells or tastes either
sounds light colors are not physical
events neither are spells tastes or
sensations things do not smell like
tastes like or feel like anything when
nobody is smelling tasting or feeling
them the physical world it seems is
totally vacuous no colors sounds smells
tastes or sensations what on earth is
left this correlates to what a few
scientists have recently published where
they point out that there are
interesting similarities between neural
networks and the cosmic web of galaxies
recently astrophysicists Franco Vasa and
neurosurgeon
Alberto Follette II wrote an article on
the similarities between both is the
apparent similarity just a human
tendency to perceive meaningful patterns
and
Datta remarkably enough the answer seems
to be no statistical analysis shows
these systems do indeed present
quantitative similarities they note the
similarities line up with information
processing power spectrum analysis total
neuron to total observable galaxies and
in many other ways
if idealism is true then this is readily
explainable and fits with the rest of
the data we have presented both form the
same physical structure because both are
emerging from an underlying mental
reality under idealism the brain is
simply seen as the physical
manifestation for second person
experience of a first person conscious
experience and it fits with the idealist
view that the whole universe would be
structured in the same way since it is
also the emergent physical manifestation
of mind thus given the philosophy
combined with the direct scientific
evidence the conclusion is undeniable as
Max Planck set all matter originates and
exists only by virtue of a force we must
assume behind this force is the
existence of a conscious and intelligent
mind this conclusion has already been
reached by cognitive scientist Donald
Hoffmann his model argues that given all
the data we just discussed the best
explanation his space-time is emergent
from consciousness the top was the
conscious agent dynamics long-term
behavior and then if you write down the
the wave equation for the free particle
in quantum mechanics is exactly the same
equation this is the nonrelativistic
case you can actually read off a
one-to-one mapping between
nonrelativistic quantum mechanics and
this agent dynamics
and Uncle Phil this is the actual read
off of the equivalence between space and
time and aspects of consciousness now
that's non relativistic and all closed
by the relativistic living the ultimate
thing is we want to have a relativistic
quantum theory falling out of a theory
of consciousness and the direction I'm
going on that and then starting to
collaborate with Chris fields and some
others on this is to actually take a
system of two conscious agents and it
turns out it can be represented by
something called a geometric algebra
that I've written down there and that
geometric algebra is precisely the
geometric algebra that describes the
relativistic quantum free particle
massless particle so the idea is that we
can get space-time coming out of this
direct spinners and ultimately you know
using Penrose twisters maybe even
quantum gravity so the idea is that this
program for it to be successful has to
start with consciousness and give us all
of quantum physics and then we've solved
the mind-body problem going the other
way the paradigm is shifting in a new
consensus is emerging the old notions of
the physical world being fundamental
must be abandoned in light of the new
scientific data consciousness is
fundamental and the experience of the
physical world is what is emergent the
data has been building up in several
fields from philosophy quantum physics
neuroscience biology and chemistry in
cosmology and holography a new paradigm
in physics is emerging one that turns
the old materialist notions on its head
we are not the accidental products of
the blind workings of matter the
workings of matter are the products of
the mind the evidence leads to the
conclusion our universe is an emergent
world from an underlying consciousness
the paradigm is shifted in the way we
view ourselves in the universe will
never be the same
