In this video. We shall learn about the various pressure belts
and wind patterns that have developed on Planet Earth
While understanding the basic concepts
behind the development of pressure belts
we will not take into  consideration
the tilt of the axis
and the influence of land water distribution
equator divides the Globe into Southern hemisphere
and Northern hemisphere
and equatorial belt
extend up to five degree North and five degrees south
equatorial region receives nearly vertical rays of the sun
and this heats of the air near the equator
when temperature increases pressure decreases
So along the equator we have low pressure
and we call this region as equatorial low pressure belt
The warm air starts rising up in the troposphere
and as the warm air is rising the temperature drops
after rising up to a certain point
it stops rising upwards because it becomes Cooler and
it is obstructed by tropopause
So the air spreads out
the air starts moving in the Southern and Northern direction
as the air is moving it becomes denser
and after a certain point it sinks down to the surface
So at around 30 degrees north and south
we have sinking air
This sinking air is cool air,
so it forms high pressure systems
these regions are called as
subtropical High-pressure belts
Because these regions lie outside the tropical region
and at the same time adjoining the tropical region
the sinking air now moves towards North and south
So along the equator the warm air rises
Spreads out and cools and sinks down
in this way it develops Convectional currents
at the poles the sun rays are very much inclined
So we have cold air that sinks
These regions are known as polar highs
in the Northern hemisphere
the air moves towards the South
and in the Southern hemisphere the air moves towards north
At this point we have air coming from North and south
So at this point the air converges and rises up
These regions are known as sub polar lows
So at 60-degree latitudes.
We have low pressure system because we have rising air
Along the equator the air is rising because of convection
and
At sub polar lows. We have rising air because of
convergence
this rising air also spreads out cools and sinks
Same things happen in the Southern hemisphere
 
on the surface of the Earth along the equator
the winds move from high pressure regions
to low pressure regions
That is from subtropical highs
to the equatorial low in the Northern and Southern hemisphere
These winds bend to the right in the Northern hemisphere
and the Southern hemisphere the winds bend to the left
and this is described as coriolis effect
The winds bend to the right and left in the Northern and Southern hemisphere respectively
because the Earth is spherical in shape
and the Earth rotates from West to east
in the same way in between 30 and 60 degrees North and South
the winds bends towards right and left
in the Northern and Southern hemispheres
respectively
Even at the polar region the same phenomena can be seen
