hello mortals.
biology, a beautiful field of mathematics where division and multiplication are the same thing
since we're doing bad biology jokes, do you know what does dna stand for?
national dyslexics association
(laughter track)
enough cringe
let's get started
the foundation of biology stands on four big pillars
cell theory
evolution
genetics
and homeostasis
the cell theory implies that all living things are composed of cells
and that all cells arise through cell division
these little building blocks are able to grow
produce proteins
divide
multiply
and other cool stuff thanks to metabolism
the process of converting food into energy and building materials
one of the cell's main function is to store data of the organism they are part of.
here comes genetics, and our sponsor acknowledgement
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this data is stored in a special molecule called dna
the unit of memory in a dna molecule is the gene
which is way cooler than those pathetic bits of any hard drive
in a single gram of dna
you could store
215 petabytes
or 215 million gigabytes
for reference to store all the videos from youtube you would need
320 petabytes of storage, or a gram and a half of dna
still not enough for the new call of duty update
the information stored in the dna is used for assembling new proteins, and dictate how an organism will look like and function
after cell division the dna is copied in the new cell
but there is a small chance that the replication will not go as planned and some genes will be altered
in this case, we have a mutation which is able to change some characteristics of the organism and its offspring
these new traits could be favorable, and make the organisms more likely to survive and thus produce more offspring
while specimens with unfavorable mutations go extinct
this principle is called natural selection. and it constitutes the key mechanism of evolution.
And the last one is
homeostasis, which represents the ability of maintaining a certain equilibrium of physiological processes
and living systems for an optimal function of organs and cellular processes
this balance is maintained by many regulatory mechanisms, which perceive some perturbations from outside
and react to them
for example, mammals have the ability to regulate their core temperature in response to the low outside temperature
in order to keep their organs working, and not freeze to borderline death, like how the majority of dumbass amphibians do
for something to be classified as a living being it must be composed of cells, be able to maintain homeostasis
undergo metabolism
have a life cycle
be able to grow
adapt to the enviroment, and reproduce
the stuff that is considered alive is classified in five kingdoms
Bacteria, Protista, Fungi, plants, and animals
there are more systems of classification, but this one is the most popular
Bacteria are single-celled organisms with a simple internal structure that lack a nucleus
and contain dna that just freely floats inside
they were one of the first forms of life to appear on earth and thus evolved to live in water, soil, acidic hot springs,
radioactive waste (accordingly shows a picture of YouTube trending), and inside other organisms
and while some of them are helpful for digestion, certain species of bacteria are responsible for diseases like
tuberculosis, or the bubonic plague
their size typically varies between one and five micrometers in length
however, there are a few species that are visible to the unaided eye, like the Thiomargarita namibiensis
Which can reach up to a millimeter(?) in size
the other types of organisms actually have a nucleus in which they responsibly store their dna, and are called Eukaryotes
the most simple Eukaryotes are the Protists, which is actually a very wide term for every
unicellular organisms that have a nucleus and cannot form many tissues
The best they can do is to form colonies, and help each other survive like how the algae do
eventually, some Protists to which were able to turn sunlight into energy evolved into plants
multicellular organisms that are able to photosynthesize
I'm, sure you've seen a plant at least once in your life. If not
you probably haven't evolved eyes yet.
all in all, plants are pretty boring and i'll just add their classification
into Ferns, Mosses, Conifers, and Flowering Plants
Fungi are like the weird cousin of plants and animals
they tend to stay in place like plants, but do not have the ability to photosynthesize
that means they have to get organic carbon from other sources, like plant or animal matter
Instead of producing it from inorganic carbon molecules
just like animals, an individual characteristic of fungi is the presence of chitin in their cell walls
this kingdom consists of yeasts, molds and
well, shrooms
And the last and the most epic one
animals
for only 46.99 Evolution Points
you will get the ability to start your life from a blastula
which will allow you to develop specialized tissue and organs later on in the game
also forget about producing organic material from inorganic sources like air and light because as an animal
you will get your nutrients from others organic material
are you getting bored of being stuck in dirt your entire life?
worry no more, because animals (most of them) have special locomotory mechanisms to move and get to places using fins
tentacles or an absurd amount of legs
a
and if you get lucky enough, you'll get even more complex organs like eyes liver or even an ink sac
and if you win the evolution lottery, you will get a brand new, and overpowered, big brain
try it right now and you'll get an appendix for free
besides the aforementioned types, there are also viruses
viroids, prions, and AI (artificial intelligence), which are not considered life forms by scientists
mostly because of their inability of making the sex :(
all these kingdoms are further divided into phylum, classe(s), order(s), families, genera, and species
for example, if we take the animalia kingdom, chordata phylum, class of bony fishes
tetredontiformes order,
tetraodontidae family, ephibion genus, youll find the prickly pufferfish
(pufferfish moan sound)
as an area of science, biology branches into multiple sub-disciplines like: cytology
which will teach you what the powerhouse of a cell is
biochemistry:
which studies the chemicals reaction that occur inside the said cells
anatomy:
which shows you how much does each of your organs cost
genetics: the study of genomes
paleontology:
the study of prehistoric life
ecology:
the interaction of living beings with the enviroment
botany, zoology, mycology:
the study of plants, animal, and fungi, respectively.
there also are even more interesting subjects like,
astrobiology:
the study of the origin, and the future of life in the universe
bioinformatics:
the analysis and interpretation of biological data
and then there's quantum biology:
the study of international relations in the south pacific during the 90s
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