>>> HELLO AND WELCOME
TO PRAIRIE PULSE.
COMING UP LATER ON PRAIRIE
PULSE, WE'LL HAVE A PROFILE OF
CHARLES LINDBERGH'S FATHER, BUT,
FIRST, OUR GUEST IS ASSOCIATE
PROFESSOR OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE AT NDSU DR.
CAROL ARCHBOLD.
DR. ARCH BOLD, THANKS
FOR JOINING US TODAY.
>> GOOD MORNING.
>> TELL THE FOLKS WHERE YOU ARE
FROM AND A BIT ABOUT YOURSELF.
>> I WAS BORN IN NORTH DAKOTA,
AFTER HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATION I
MOVED TO GRAND FORK AND WENT TO
SCHOOL AT UNIVERSITY OF NORTH
DAKOTA, I MAJORED IN SOCIOLOGY.
AFTER I GRADUATED WITH MY BACHELORS
I WENT ON FOR MY MASTERS AS WELL.
AFTER I GOT MY MASTERS I TOOK A
YEAR OFF BEFORE I STARTED MY
DOCTORAL PROGRAM, I WAS AN ADJUNCT
PROFESSOR AT MOORE STATE.
THEN I WORKED THERE FOR ONE YEAR,
FILLED IN FOR A SABBATICAL
FOR ONE OF THE PROFESSORS AND
THEN TOOK OFF FOR OMAHA,
NEBRASKA, WHERE I WENT THROUGH
MY DOCTOR AL WORK AND THEN I
MOVED TO WISCONSIN, I WAS
OFFERED A POSITIONS, WE LOVED MILWAUKEE
AND ALL THE IT HAD TO OFFER.
BUT WE BOTH MISSED HOME,
MY HUSBAND IS FROM FARGO.
THIS OPPORTUNITY CAME UP WHERE
THEY NEEDED SOMEONE WHO WAS A
SPECIALIST IN LAW ENFORCEMENT AND
THAT HAPPENED TO BE MY AREA,
I APPLIED AND EIGHT
YEARS LATER HERE I AM.
>> WITH THAT SAID, TALK ABOUT
THE COURSES YOU TEACH AT NDSU
AND THE ROLE YOU PLAY
IN THE DEPARTMENT.
>> I AM AN ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR,
I TEAM TWO CLASSES A SEMESTER,
COMBINATION OF UNDER
GRADUATE AND GRADUATE.
I TEACH WOMEN AND MINORITY IN THE CRIMINAL
JUSTICE AT THE UNDERGRADUATE LEVEL.
AT THE GRADUATE LEVEL I TEACH
CRIMINAL JUSTICE POLICY, I ALSO
TEACH ADVANCED RESEARCH METHODS AND
ALL OF THE GRADUATE POLICING COURSES.
I SERVE AS THE GRADUATE COORDINATOR FOR OUR
GRADUATE PROGRAM, I HANDLE THE ISSUES OR
RESPONSIBILITIES THAT COME
WITH OUR GRAD PROGRAM.
>> WE'RE HERE TO TALK ABOUT A
STUDY RECENTLY PUBLISHED, THE
IMPACT OF THE OIL BOOM IN
WESTERN NORTH DAKOTA AND HOW IT
APPLIES TO POLICING AND CRIME
IN THE OIL BOOM AREAS.
HOW DID THE STUDY COME ABOUT?
WITH YOUR BACKGROUND IT'S AN
OBVIOUS ANSWER BUT HOW DID YOU
DECIDE YOU WERE GOING
TO GO AFTER THIS ONE?
>> I HAD HEARD A LOT ON THE NEWS
MEDIA ABOUT WHAT WAS GO GOES ON
OUT THERE AND I WASN'T A RESEARCHER SO I
WASN'T COMPLETELY CONVINCED I WANTED TO
SEE FOR MYSELF.
SO BECAUSE I HAVE SUCH A STRONG
INTEREST IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE
SYSTEM AND THE POLICE, IT WAS A
LOGICAL FIT FOR ME TO DO THE STUDY.
AS I STARTED TO DO SOME
RESEARCH, LOOK AT WHAT HAD BEEN
DONE IN THE PAST IN REGARD TO
RESEARCH ON THE TOPIC, I WAS
SURPRISED TO FIND THERE WERE
ONLY THREE ARTICLES PUBLISHED ON
THIS TOPIC AND ONE OF THEM WAS
BASICALLY A MAGAZINE ARTICLE, IT
WAS NOT AN EMPERICAL STUDY, SO I
WAS SURPRISED THAT THIS WAS THE
CASE, THAT THERE REALLY HADN'T
BEEN MUCH DONE ON THIS WITH
RESEARCH-WISE SO I DECIDED THAT
THAT GAVE ME EVEN MORE OF A
REASON TO PURSUE THE STUDY.
>> NOW, DID YOU DO THIS ALONE OR
HAVE OTHERS HELP YOU WITH THIS?
>> PART OF MY JOB, WORKING WITH
DWRAD AGRADUATE STUDENTS, AS A
PROFESSOR, I INCLUDED TWO OF MY
DOCTORAL STUDENTS, THEY BOTH
HAPPEN TO HAVE PAST POLICING
EXPERIENCE AND SO I THOUGHT THAT
THEY WOULD ENJOY THAT AND THEY WOULD
FEEL LIKE THEY WERE IN THEIR ELEMENT.
THEY HELPED ME CONDUCT THE
INTERVIEWS FOR THE STUDY.
>> TALK ABOUT WHO ALL YOU INTERVIEWED FOR THE
STUDIED AND WHAT POLICE AND SHERIFF'S DEPARTMENTS.
>> SURE.
WE CONDUCTED 101 STUDIES WITH
SHERIFF'S DEPUTIES AND POLICE
OFFICERS FROM EIGHT
AGENCIES IN OUR COUNTIES.
THEY INCLUDED MINOT,
WILLIAMS COUNTY, OTHERS.
MCKENZIE COUNTY AND DUNN COUNTY.
>> VERY GOOD.
YOU TALK IN THE STUDY ABOUT ANECDOTAL EVIDENCE
FROM MEDIA REPORTS AND CITIZENS ABOUT
RAMPANT CRIME OUT WEST.
WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY THIS AND
WHAT DID YOU FIND IN YOUR
RESEARCH IS ACTUALLY GOING ON?
>> THERE ISN'T RAMPANT CRIME OUT
THERE, I THINK THE MEDIA GIVES
THE IMPRESSION THERE'S A LOT MORE GOING ON
OUT THERE IN REGARD TO VIOLENT CRIME THAN
THERE ACTUALLY IS.
WHAT I FOUND IN MY STUDY WAS
THAT THERE WAS A SIGNIFICANT
INCREASE FOR CALLS FOR SERVICE.
THE CALLS FOR SERVICE ARE
ANYTIME A CITIZEN CALLS FOR
POLICE SERVICE IT'S COUNTED
AS A CALL FOR SERVICE.
I CAN TELL YOU THAT A LARGE
MAJORITY OF THOSE CALLS FOR
SERVICE ARE NOT CRIME RELATED
AND, SO, OFTEN TIMES WHEN THE
MEDIA TALKS ABOUT CALLS FOR SERVICE AND
THERE BEING AN INCREASE IN CRIME, IT IS
PRESENTED IN A WAY TO WHERE IT
IS VERY CONFUSING TO THE AVERAGE
VIEWER OR READER, AND, SO, I THINK THAT IS
WHERE THE MISCONCEPTION COMES IN BECAUSE
PEOPLE ARE MISTAKING CALLS
FOR SERVICE FOR CRIME.
>> THEY TALK ABOUT THE INFLUX OF
THE POPULATION, WOULDN'T THERE
BE AN INFLUX OF
CALLS FOR SERVICE?
>> SURE, THAT'S THE
REASON FOR THAT.
THERE WAS A REPORT PUBLISHED
THIS SUMMER WAS HIGHLIGHTING THE
CHANGES IN CRIME AND HE HAD
MENTIONED IN HIS REPORT THAT THE
CRIME HAS INCREASED IN WESTERN
NORTH DAKOTA BUT NOT TO THE
POINT WHERE PEOPLE BELIEVE THAT IT
IS UP IN REGARD TO VIOLENT CRIMES.
A LOT OF THINGS INCREASING WOULD BE
THINGS LIKE DUI, PROPERTY-RELATED CRIMES,
DISORDERLY CONDUCT, THINGS
MORE MINOR IN NATURE.
>> I UNDERSTAND YOU FOUND IN
YOUR STUDY THAT THE WAY POLICE
OFFICERS, HOW DO I SAY IT, THE
WAY OFFICERS POLICE THESE TOWNS
HAS CHANGES FROM THE WAY
SMALL TOWNS ARE USED TO.
WHAT DID YOU FIND THERE?
>> I THINK ONE OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF
SMALL TOWN POLICING ACROSS THE COUNTRY IS
THEY EXPECT INFORMAL INTERACTIONS WITH
THE POLICE, GENERALLY THEY WILL KNOW THE
OFFICER'S FIRST NAME AND THE
OFFICER WILL KNOW THEIR NAME.
THEY KNOW EACH OTHER BECAUSE THEY GO TO
CHURCH TOGETHER, THEIR KIDS GO TO SCHOOL
TOGETHER, IT'S VERY MUCH A
PERSONAL TYPE OF INTERACTION.
BECAUSE THERE IS SUCH AN
INCREASE IN NEW PEOPLE COMING
INTO THE AREA, IT RESULTS IN THE
POLICE INTERACTING WITH PEOPLE
THEY ARE NOT FAMILIAR WITH, SO A
COMBINATION OF THE INCREASE IN
CALLS FOR SERVICE THAT INVOLVE
PEOPLE THEY ARE NOT FAMILIAR
WITH HAVE LED SOME OF THEM TO
TAKE ON AN APPROACH THAT IS VERY
DIFFERENT FROM THE
SMALL TOWN POLICING.
NOW THEY ARE USING MORE OF AN URBAN APPROACH
WHERE IT IS MOSTLY REACTIVE, IT'S VERY
IMPERSONAL AND IT'S MORE FORMAL
THAN IT WAS IN THE PAST.
>> OF COURSE, IF YOU GREW UP IN A SMALL
TOWN WITH ONE STYLE, THAT'S A BIG CHANGE.
>> ABSOLUTELY AND I THINK
THAT ALSO CONTRIBUTES TO THE
CITIZENS' PERCEPTIONS THAT THERE ARE A LOT
OF CHANGES GOING ON IN OUR COMMUNITY.
>> IS SHORT STAFFING ONE OF THE BIG
PROBLEMS YOU FIND AMONG POLICE DEPARTMENTS?
>> THAT WAS THE BIGGEST PROBLEM.
AND I KNOW THE STATE IS TAKING
STEPS TO DO THINGS TO HELP THE
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES OUT WEST
AND I THINK THAT IS FANTASTIC.
HOWEVER ONE AREA THEY HAVE NOT
PROVIDED EXTRA RESOURCES IN HAS
BEEN EXTRA STAFFING AND I THINK
THAT'S WHAT THEY NEED THE MOST.
>> WHAT DID YOU FIND IN YOUR POLICE INTERVIEWS
HOW THEY INTERACT WITH THE NEW OUT OF
STATE OIL WORKERS?
>> A LOT OF THE OFFICERS REPORTED THEY
WERE VERY CAUTIOUS, MUCH MORE AWARE OF
THEIR SURROUNDINGS AND MUCH MORE
CAUTIOUS IN APPROACHING PEOPLE
THAT THEY WERE UNFAMILIAR WITH
AND THEY WOULD KNOW THEY DIDN'T
KNOW THE PEOPLE BECAUSE OF
THE OUT-OF-STATE PLATES.
DURING A ROUTINE TRAFFIC STOP
WHERE THEY WOULD HAVE BEEN NOT
AS CONCERNED IN THE PAST THEY
FIND THEMSELVES MORE ON GUARD.
>> YOU KNOW YOU MENTIONED A
LITTLE WHILE AGO ABOUT THE
INCREW HE'INCREASES, BUT CAN
YOK ABOUT IT A LITTLE MORE.
DRINKING AND DRIVING, DRUGS,
PROSTITUTION, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE,
FIGHTING, DISORDERLY
CONDUCT, WHERE IS THE MOST?
>> PROPERTY CRIME AND THE SECOND
IS DRIVING UNDER INFLUENCE.
ALCOHOL CAUSES PROBLEMS FOR THE
DUI AND SOURCE OF THE CONFLICT
COMES FROM BAR BRAWLS, THOSE
WOULD BE THE TWO THINGS WE HAVE
SEEN A SPIKE IN THE NUMBERS
IN THE ACTUAL STATISTICS.
>> WHAT ARE OFFICERS ASKING FOR
IN TERMS OF HELP FOR THEM TO DO
THEIR JOB MORE EFFICIENTLY?
>> THEY NEED MORE HELP.
>> JUST MORE HELP?
MORE EQUIPMENT?
>> THAT WAS A VERY COMMON, PROBABLY THE
MOST COMMON RESPONSE WHEN I ASKED THEM WHAT
THEY COULD USE TO HELP THEM DO THEIR
JOB BETTER OR MORE EFFICIENTLY.
SOME OFFICERS ALSO TALKED ABOUT GETTING
NEW EQUIPMENT WHICH IS IMPORTANT.
THE RADIOS THEY HAD WERE DATED
AND IF YOU CANNOT COMMUNICATE
WITH DISPATCH OR OTHER OFFICERS,
THE ISSUE OF OFFICER SAFETY
COMES UP, SO I THINK THAT IT IS
REALLY IMPORTANT TO SORT OF LOOK
AT THOSE ISSUES, BECAUSE BETWEEN
THE EQUIPMENT AND THE EXTRA
PEOPLE, THAT REALLY IS THE CRUX
OF WHAT POLICE OFFICERS, THAT'S
WHAT THEY DO, THEY NEED THE COMMUNICATION AND
THEY NEED OTHER PEOPLE FOR SUPPORT AND BACK UP.
>> WELL, THE FOCUS OF YOUR STUDY WAS
OBVIOUSLY WITH POLICE OFFICERS.
WHAT ABOUT LOCATIONAL CITIZENS, DID YOU
WORK WITH THEM OR INTERVIEW THEM AT ALL?
>> I DID NOT.
THE FOCUS OF THE STUDY IS
SPECIFICALLY ON THE POLICE.
HOWEVER THIS LAST SUMMER I WROTE A GRANT
FOR THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF JUSTICE, I
PARTNERED WITH THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION
OF POLICE OUT OF WASHINGTON D.C..
WE APPLIED FOR A LARGE GRANT AND
THAT IS TO FOCUS ON CHANGES IN
THE COMMUNITY, SPECIFICALLY
LOOKING AT DOMESTIC VIOLENCE,
SEXUAL ASSAULT, DATING VIOLENCE
AND STALKING AND PART OF OUR
GRANT APPLICATION WAS FOCUSING
ON TALKING WITH CITIZENS IN THE
COMMUNITY, BOTH PEOPLE WHO ARE
LONG-TERM RESIDENTS AND NEW RESIDENTS.
>> YOU MENTIONED ABOUT OFFICERS
BEING A LITTLE MORE FEARFUL IN
APPROACHING VEHICLES
AND THINGS NOW.
BUT CAN YOU TALK ABOUT THE
FACT THAT THESE OFFICERS ARE
SOMEWHAT, SOME OF THEM, I GUESS,
ARE FRESH OUT OF THE ACADEMY AND
NOT MUCH EXPERIENCE?
>> RIGHT, OUT OF ALL THE
OFFICERS WE INTERVIEWED, 55% HAD
36 MONTHS OR LESS OF EXPERIENCE.
AND, SO, IF YOU LOOK AT THAT
OVERALL, WITH THESE AGENCIES,
THAT IS A VERY LARGE PORTION OF
THE AGENCIES HAVING VERY LIMITED
EXPERIENCE AND, SO, I WAS
VERY SURPRISED BY THAT.
A LARGE MAJORITY OF THE OFFICERS
WHO ARE NEW COME FROM MINNESOTAH
FUNDING FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT, SO
I GUESS THE EASIEST PLACE TO GET
A JOB WOULD BE WESTERN NORTH
DAKOTA BECAUSE THEY
NEED THE HELP.
SO WE HAVE SEEN AN INCREASE
IN R TO WESTERN NORTH DAKOTA.
>> DID YOU EXAMINE OR DO YOU
HAVE THOUGHTS ON HOW THIS MIGHT
BE CLOGGING UP THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE
SYSTEM OR THE COURTS IN THESE AREAS?
>> JUST BASED ON SOME OF THE INFORMATION I
GLEANED FROM THE INTERVIEWS, THE OFFICERS
MENTIONED HOW THE COURT SYSTEM
IS DEFINITELY CLOGGED, THAT
WOULD BE AN APPROPRIATE WORD
AND ALSO WITH THE SHERIFF'S
DEPARTMENT THEY RUN THE JAILS
AND THEY TALK ABOUT HOW THE
JAILS ARE VERY
FULL ALL THE TIME.
AND, SO, THEY ARE DEALING WITH
AN AWFUL LOT, BECAUSE THE POLICE
ARE THE GATE KEEPERS OF THE
CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM, THEY
REALLY CONTROL THE WORKLOAD FOR
THE REST OF THE SYSTEM, SO IF
THE OFFICERS ARE SEEING AN
INCREASE IN CALLS FOR SERVICE,
NOT THAT THEY ARE ALL CRIMES,
BUT AN INCREASE IN CALLS FOR
SERVICE, THAT MEANS THE REST
OF THE SYSTEM, THE COURTS AND
CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES WILL ALSO
FEEL THE EFFECTS OF THAT INCREASE.
>> OBVIOUSLY WHEN SOMEBODY GOES
TO COURT, A LOT OF TIMES THE
OFFICER HAS TO BE IN COURT TOO
TO TESTIFY, SO IT'S TAKING AWAY
FROM THEM BEING OUT
ON THE STREETS.
>> THEY ARE ALREADY SHORT-STAFFED SO THAT
FURTHER EXACERBATES THE ISSUE OF NEEDING
MORE PEOPLE OR BEING
SHORT-STAFFED.
>> IN ADDITION TO NEEDING MORE
HELP, WHAT DID YOU FIND OUT FOR
COMMUNITIES IN RETENTION
OF POLICE OFFICERS.
ARE THEY ABLE TO
KEEP THEM ON BOARD?
>> THE OFFICERS I INTERVIEWED,
ALL OF THEM SAID THEY HAD
DIFFICULTY WITH RETENTION, THEY
HAD DIFFICULTY BECAUSE THE OIL
FIELD OFFER SALARIES THAT ARE
MUCH HIGHER THAN WHAT THEY ARE
BEING PAID AND THE COST OF LIVING IS VERY
HIGH IN THESE COMMUNITIES, SO A LOT OF THE
OFFICERS ARE LEAVING THE AREA
BECAUSE THEY WANT TO FIND A
PLACE THAT IS MORE -- THE COST OF
LIVING IS LOWER, MORE REASONABLE.
>> YOU SAID WHILE THE OIL BOOM
IS GOOD FOR NORTH DAKOTA, WE'VE
TALKED ABOUT IT ON OTHER SHOWS,
SERVICE INDUSTRY IS HARD TO KEEP
PEOPLE, YOU FOUND THAT TO BE
THAT IN THE POLICE AND SHERIFF'S
DEPARTMENT, HARD TO KEEP THE
PAY TO KEEP THE MEN INVOLVED.
WHAT HAS BEEN THE REACTION TO YOUR STUDY
SINCE YOU FINISHED IT AND PUBLISHED IT?
>> I'VE HAD A LOT OF POSITIVE IMPACT
FROM ANYONE WHO HAS READ THE REPORT.
WHAT IS INTERESTING IS THE
OFFICERS FROM THESE AGENCIES I
INTERVIEWED, I SENT A COPY OF
THE REPORT BACK TO THE AGENCIES
SO THEY COULD SEE WHAT I
COMPILED AND I BELIEVE THAT THE
REPORT IS A DIRECT REFLECTION
OF WHAT THEY TOLD ME, WHAT THEY
NEED, WHAT IS GOING ON IN THEIR COMMUNITIES,
SO OVERALL IT HAS BEEN VERY POSITIVE.
MY HOPE IS THAT I CAN CONTINUE
TO DO RESEARCH OUT THERE.
THERE'S A LOT MORE THAT NEEDS TO BE
DONE BEYOND LOOKING AT JUST POLICING.
AS YOU MENTIONED WITH THE
CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM, THERE
IS A LOT OF BACK UP WITH THE
PROCESSING OF CASES, SO THAT
WOULD BE ANOTHER NEXT STEP TO
LOOK AT IN WESTERN NORTH DAKOTA.
>> I KNOW YOU TALKED ABOUT
NUMBERS, 8 AGENCIES, 101
INTERVIEWS, IS THAT
WHAT THAT WAS?
WHAT WAS THE LENGTH THAT IT
TOOK YOU TO DO ALL THIS?
>> WE STARTED THE INTERVIEWS IN
MARCH OF -- I'M SORRY, OCTOBER
OF 2012 AND THOSE WENT
THROUGH MARCH OF 2013.
AFTER I GOT DONE WITH ALL OF
THE INTERVIEWS IT TOOK TIME TO
TRANSCRIBE INTERVIEW NOTES AND THEN
TO ANALYZE AND WRITE UP THE REPORT.
THE REP WAS PUBLISHED
AUGUST OF THIS YEAR.
>> OVER A 8-MONTH PERIOD
YOU DID THESE INTERVIEWS.
DID YOU SEE CHANGES DURING THE TIME FRAME
OR WAS IT PRETTY MUCH THE SAME THROUGHOUT?
>> IN REGARD TO THE
LANDSCAPE IT WAS THE SAME.
I WAS SURPRISED ON THE FIRST
TRIP OUT THERE TO SEE HOW THE
LANDSCAPE HAD CHANGED WITH THE OIL RIGS, YOU
KNOW, KIND OF INTERRUPTING WILL ROLLING
PRAIRIE AND IT ALSO IS DEFINITELY
TRAFFIC-LOGGED OR JAMMED.
THERE IS A LOT MORE BIG TRUCKS
ON THESE ROADS THAT ARE NOT
BUILT FOR THAT TYPE OF TRAFFIC.
>> OKAY.
ONE OF THE THINGS YOU TALKED
ABOUT A COUPLE TIMES, THE
INCREASED NUMBERS OF CALLS AND
HOW MUCH IT HAS JUMPED BUT YOU
MADE THE POINT AND IT KIND OF --
I JUST WANT TO REEMPHASIZE THIS,
THESE CALLS DON'T ACTUALLY RESULT
IN A CRIME OR CHARGES BEING FILED.
BUT IT REQUIRES POLICE ACTIVITY.
>> YES, THEY HAVE TO RESPOND.
THAT'S WHY WE HAVE THE 911 AND
DISPATCH SYSTEM SET UP BECAUSE
THEN THAT WAY IF CITIZENS FEEL
THEY NEED THE SERVICE THEY WILL
CALL, THEY KNOW WHERE TO CALL.
THE PROBLEM IS, AND SOME OF THE
OFFICERS TALKED ABOUT THIS, SOME
CITIZENS ARE MORE QUICK TO CALL ABOUT
THINGS THAT DON'T SEEM TO BE RIGHT TO THEM.
A LOT OF SUSPICIOUS CALLS, THAT
MAKES SENSE, IN A TOWN WHERE YOU
DONYOUKNOW EVERY ONE AND ALL OFA
SUDDEN YOU SEE PEOPLE YOU DON'T KNOW.
THE SUSPICIOUS CALLS
HAS SKY ROCKETED.
>> WILL YOUR STUDY MAKE IT
EASIER FOR POLICE DEPARTMENTS OR
WHAT DO YOU HOPE WILL
BE DONE WITH IT?
>> I THINK THE HOPE AND GOAL IS
TO SEE WHAT THE NEEDS ARE AND
WHAT I FOUND WAS THE INCREASE
IN PERSONNEL, THEY NEED MORE
PERSONNEL, I HOPE THERE WILL
BE MONEY ALLOCATED TO THOSE
AGENCIES SO THEY CAN INCREASE
THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE WORKING
THERE THAT WILL HELP THEM OUT
IN REGARD TO THE STRESS THAT IS
ALREADY PLACED ON THE PEOPLE WHO
ARE WORKING THERE SHORT-STAFFED.
>> FINALLY, IF PEOPLE WANT MORE
INFORMATION ABOUT YOUR STUDY OR
THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE PROGRAM
AT NDSU, WHO CAN THEY CONTACT?
>> IT'S WWW.NDSU.EDU, GO TO THE
CRIMINAL JUSTICE PAGE AND THERE
IS A LINK THAT GOES TO THE
FACULTY, HAS OUR BIOS, THERE'S A
COPY OF THE REPORT THAT IS LINKED INTO
THE PAGE, YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION.
>> YOU CAN SEE THE REPORT?
>> YOU CAN DOWNLOAD
IT AND PRINT IT OUT.
>> THANK YOU FOR
JOINING US TODAY.
>> YOU ARE WELCOME.
 >> WHEN YOU HEAR THE NAME
CHARLES LISTENED BUR LYN LYNDBUE
THINK OF THE OFF I ATOR BUT IT'S
HIS FATHER THAT WAS A TARGET IN
JOHNNY, GET YOUR
GUN, GET YOR GUN .
>> IN THE SPRING OF 1918 THE NONPARTISAN
LEAGUE AND ACCOMPANYING WORKERS NONPARTISAN
LEAGUE THAT WAS ORGANIZED IN
MIS LINDBERGH FOR PRESIDENT.
HE OPPOSED VERY PUBLICLY AND
STRONGLY OPPOSED AMERICAN ENTRY
INTO WORLD WAR I, HE BLAMED IT
ON THE MONEY TRUST, HE INVENTED
THAT TERM AND WROTE A
BOOK WITH THAT TITLE.
AND HE WAS NOT LOVED BY
THE BANKS IN THE COUNTRY.
>> AND THE TIME HAS COME WHEN EVERY CITIZEN
MUST DECLARE HIMSELF AMERICAN OR SATAN.
>> HE DID IN 1918 UNDERTAKE THAT
AT A TIME WHEN IT TOOK A GREAT
DEAL OF PERSONAL COURAGE TO
CHALLENGE THE HYSTERIA AGAINST
ANTIWAR PEOPLE THAT HAD
BEEN BUILT UP IN MINNESOTA.
THE PATRIOTISM HYSTERIA, THE
FEAR OF IMMIGRANTS, THOSE HIVE
ENHYPHENATED AMERICANS
LIKE GERMAN-AMERICANS.
HE CAMPAIGNED AND HE WON THE
HEARTS OF THE NONPARTISAN LEAGUE
FARMERS AND LABORERS OF
MINNESOD FOR GOOD REASON.
THERE IS A TREMENDOUS AMOUNT
OF ACTION TAKEN AGAINST THE
NONPARTISAN LEAGUE
DURING THAT CAMPAIGN.
LINDBERGH WAS NOT ONLY ARRESTED
BUT HE GAVE A SPEECH AND WHEN HE
CAME OUT OF THE SPEECH THEY HAD
BEATEN UP HIS DRIVER AND SHOT AT
THEM AND THEY LEFT TOWN AND
LINDBERGH SAID DON'T DRIVE TOO
FAST, THEY WILL THINK
WE ARE SCARED.
THE MINNESOTA LEGISLATURE AND THE
REPUBLICAN PARTY CREATED THE
COMMISSION OF PUBLIC SAFETY
WHICH WAS A STRANGE ACT, IT
CREATED THIS COMMISSION THAT HAD
DICDICTORIAL LAW, A PERSON NOT N
IN AMERICA COULD TEACH SCHOOL.
THEY QUESTIONED THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF
DRAFTING YOUNG MEN AND SEND THEM OVERSEAS
TO FIGHT, IT HAD NEVER
BEEN DONE BEFORE.
THE FACT THEY QUESTIONED THE
DRAFT AND CONSTITUTIONALITY OF
IT, THE GOVERNOR QUITE ILLEGALLY
REMOVED ALL OF THE ELECTED
OFFICERS, ANY MEMBER WHO HAD HAD ANYTHING
TO DO WITH ORGANIZING THE MOVEMENT.
NEWSPAPER ALL OVER THE
STATE RAILED AGAINST THEM.
THE COMMISSION OF PUBLIC SAFETY WAS
A DARK SPOT ON MINNESOTA'S HISTORY.
CIVIL LIBERTIES PRACTICALLY
VANISHED IN THE STATE.
THAT BROUGHT A LARGE ELEMENT OF
PEOPLE WHO WERE NORMALLY VERY
CONSERVATIVE, REPUBLICAN-LEANING
VOTERS OVER TO THE NONPARTISAN
LEAGUE BECAUSE THEY WERE BEING
PERSECUTED ILLEGALLY IN THAT WAY.
SO, THE CLIMATE WAS RATHER TENSE BUT
BECAME MORE TENSE AS TIME WENT ON.
THE PUBLIC SAFETY COMMISSION
WHICH HAD THE AUTHORITY TO DO
THINGS NECESSARY AND PROPER TO
PROTECT THE PUBLIC SAFETY AS
VERY SHORTLY INTERPRETED TO MEAN
TRY TO STOP DECENT BECAUSE THEY
WERE AFRAID OF LOSING THEIR
POLITICAL POWER BECAUSE THEY
HEARD THE NONPARTISAN LEAGUE
WAS STARTING TO ORGANIZE.
THEY CREATED SOMETHING CALL THE
HOME GUARD WHICH WERE THESE
LOCAL VIGILANTE TYPES, THEY WERE
IN CONJUNCTION WITH SHERIFF'S
AND OTHER LOCAL OFFICIALS.
SO WHEN THE NONPARTISAN LEAGUE
STARTED ORGANIZING, THEY WERE
SORT OF SPYING ON THEM, AND THEN
WHEN THE CAMPAIGN GOT IN HIGHER
GEAR IN THE SPRING OF 1918, ALL
KINDS OF TROUBLE TOOK PLACE.
THAT WAS A VERY FIERCE AND
PRETTY AWFUL ELECTION.
A NUMBER OF COUNTIES WOULD NOT ALLOW
MEMBERS TO SPEAK WITHIN THE COUNTY.
THEY HAD ALREADY FORBIDDEN NONPARTISAN
LEAGUE ORGANIZERS TO ENTER THE COUNTY.
THERE WERE INCIDENTS OF MOB
VIOLENCE, THERE WAS SHOOTING AT LINDBERGH,
THREATS ON HIS LIFE, HANGING IN EPIPHANY.
>> IT TOOK A LOT OF COURAGE TO
CAMPAIGN AROUND THE STATE OF MI.
HE QIENTLY WENT HIS
WAY AND CAMPAIGNED.
IN THE END HE WAS DEFEATED BY
GOVERNOR BURNQUEST WHO WAS THE
INCUMBENT GOVERNOR
SO IT WAS DECISIVE.
HE DID NOT RUN FOR
PUBLIC OFFICE AGAIN.
HE BECAME ONE OF THE ORGANIZERS
OF THE FARMER LABOR PARTY BUT
HIS HEALTH BEGAN TO FAIL AND
HE DIED EARLY IN 1920s SO HE
DIDN'T LIVE TO SEE THE SUCCESS
 >> WELL, THAT'S ALL WE HAVE ON
PRAIRPRAIRIE PULSE THIS WEEK.
