
Chinese: 
在2017年8月17日
兩顆中子星互繞合併
造成時空的漣漪而向外傳遞
被地球上的重力波干涉儀所偵測到
這是第一次在人類歷史上
觀測到重力波伴隨著電磁波
也就是光
這也許是本世紀最重要的天文瞬變現象
就在重力波偵測到兩秒後，我們偵測到了伽瑪射線
在幾個小時後，我們觀測到了可見光， 紅外，以及紫外光
我們現在不僅是看到，而且是聽到宇宙的怒吼
我們可以藉由偵測到重力波，提供我們以前對這類事件所不知道的資訊
在合併之後，立刻產生了爆炸
而在爆炸的過程中，宇宙中大部份的重金屬得以形成，例如像黃金。
我們正首次目擊宇宙生成礦物(重金屬)的證據
事實上，可能我們每個人身上可能都有一些這類合併形成的元素

English: 
On August 17th 2017, two neutron stars
smashed into each other and sent ripples
of space-time detected by gravitational
wave interferometers right here on Earth.
For the first time in history, these
gravitational waves were accompanied by
electromagnetic radiation. There
literally was light. This is probably the
most important astrophysical transient
of the century. We saw gamma rays in just
two seconds, and then in a few hours we
saw optical light and infrared light and
ultraviolet light. We are now seeing and
hearing the violent universe. We have
gravitational waves providing
information we've never known before by
this kind of event. Immediately
afterwards, there's an explosion, and in
that explosion most of the heavy
elements of the universe are actually
formed, elements like gold. What we were
witnessing for the very very first time
is evidence of a cosmic mine. In fact,
it's probably a little bit of each star
merger in all of us. At roughly about

Chinese: 
在大約早上七點時，電話通知了所有GROWTH團隊的成員
GROWTH代表了Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen (全球瞬變現象聯測網)
這是由加州理工學院所主導的全球合作計劃
這不僅只是全球望遠鏡的網路連結，更是連結所有人的目標 - 尋找伴隨重力波的光
人們可以利用全球望遠鏡不間斷地觀測可能的瞬變現象
而在電話通知團隊幾分鐘後
我們的GROWTH團隊聚集在一起
每個人知道該做些什麼
博士後研究員 David Cook利用星系目錄與重力波可能來源的天區對比
最後發現這區域僅僅只有49個星系
這是個令人驚奇的方法
提供了很大的優勢去限制我們所需要在宇宙中搜尋的空間
我們馬上動用我們所有的望遠鏡去追蹤這些星系
首先動用的望遠鏡是X射線望遠鏡
Swift 與 NuSTAR衛星

English: 
7:00 a.m., the cell phones rang of the
GROWTH team members. GROWTH stands for
the Global Relay of Observatories
Watching Transients Happen. And this is a
Caltech led global collaboration. This is
a network not only a telescopes but of
people all united in this goal of
looking for electromagnetic counterparts
gravitationally. They can follow the
flash of light continuously as a ring of
telescopes around the world can do.
Within minutes of this phone call, the
entire GROWTH team assembled, and each of
us knew what we had to do. A postdoc Dave Cook
went and took a galaxy catalog and
cross-matched it with the rough location
of the gravitational waves. He found only
49 galaxies. This is an amazing way to
limit the amount of universe we're
trying to survey. It is a huge advantage.
Immediately all of us got to work to try
and point every telescope possible to
this. So the first search that we began
was with the x-rays with both the Swift
satellite and NuSTAR satellite right
at Caltech. Now the problem became the

Chinese: 
在比較確定位置後，接下來的問題是可見光與近紅外搜尋
因為這天區是在南天
我們GROWTH網路的望遠鏡都在北天
我們甚至無法觀測這個天區
於是我打給我在卡內基天文台的同事
他們有南天的可見光望遠鏡可以涵蓋這個天區
而在近紅外，我們則利用同樣位於智利的雙子星南天望遠鏡
就在日落後一小時內
卡內基天文台團隊，就在我們列表上的第三個星系 NGC4993發現一個可能的明亮光學對應體
並且率先公佈了它的座標
我們隨即利用近紅外與紫外光確認了這個光學對應體
在近紅外的光譜上，我們看見有一些凸起的特徵
可以告訴我們是由哪些化學元素所造成
這些特徵與理論學家預測重金屬元素的特徵相符
宇宙的確是正在形成黃金
我們現在有了可見光，近紅外，跟紫外光的資料
最後一個波段我們必須追蹤的是無線電波
像我自己這樣的電波天文學家
需要等待更長的時間
因為無線電波最後才產生
我們並不知道無線電波何時才會出現

English: 
optical and the infrared searches
because here we were in a little bit of
a fix. The position was down in the
southern hemisphere. The telescopes in
the GROWTH network are up in the
northern hemisphere. We couldn't even
look at this positions. So I called up my
friends at Carnegie
Observatories and they could have
the optical part of the search covered.
For the infrared, we reach out to the
Gemini South Telescope, also in Chile, and
within an hour of sunset the Carnegie
team was the first to announce the
coordinates in the third galaxy on the
list, NGC 4993. They were able to
find a bright optical transient. Within
minutes, we were able to then confirm it
in the infrared and confirm it in the
ultraviolet. In the infrared we saw in
the spectrum bumps and wiggles that tell
us what the astrochemistry here is. These
bumps and wiggles matched for theorists
had predicted as evidence for heavy
element signature. We had actually struck
gold. So we had optical, infrared, and
ultraviolet. The last wavelength that we
had to cover was the radio. For radio
astronomers like myself things take a
bit longer. Radio comes last. We didn't

Chinese: 
我們和GROWTH團隊的理論學家討論
就在重力波偵測後第16天
我們觀測到了一個微弱的電波源
這個電波源帶來些禮物
讓我們學到了這事件是否有噴流
而有多少質量被噴出
而可以完美地解釋所有觀測資料的模型
我們稱之為Cocoon模型 (暫譯繭狀模型)
繭狀物質是當噴流爆發時，物質吸入噴流所形成的
從流體動力學的模擬，可以看到物質與噴流的分佈，與觀測資料相符
我們學到了很多
但我們依然不知道這是個偶發的個別事件或是個很大的群體事件
教育方面也同樣地與研究重要
我們其中一個目標是要訓練下一代的時域天文學家
再也沒有什麼比用這麼傳奇的事件
活生生呈現在你眼前更好的訓練方法
影片提供: 美國加州理工GROWTH團隊
中文字幕: 台灣中央大學天文研究所GROWTH團隊
台灣中央大學為GROWTH成員之一

English: 
know what time the radio was going to show
up. We were talking to theorists in the
GROWTH network, and 16 days after the
event happened , up popped this very faint
radio source. The radio emission comes
bearing gifts..
We learn things like: Is there a jet?
How much mass there is? And the best
picture that we came up with which
beautifully explains all the data is
what we call the cocoon model. A cocoon
is a material that engulfs the jet when
the jet breaks out. We show through a
hydrodynamical simulation that this all
does hang together. We've learned so much,
but we don't know how we seen some sort
of weird event or is that the population.
The education aspect is just as
important as the research. One of our
goals is to train the next generation in
time-domain astronomy. There is just no
better way than living a legend and
seeing it unfold right in front of your
eyes.
 
