The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
initially began as the Bureau of Investigation
in 1908 and gradually evolved into the United
States’ primary federal law enforcement
agency.
Tasked with fighting crimes ranging from homicide
to bank robbery to kidnapping, the FBI is
credited with hunting down some of the most
legendary lawbreakers in modern history — several
during the 48 year tenure of the equally famous
(and scandalous) FBI Director, J. Edgar Hoover.
That said, here’s an arresting glance at
some of the biggest headline-grabbing bureau
busts of all time.
10.
John DeLorean
Most movie fans are familiar with the iconic
time travel machine used in the beloved Back
to the Future trilogy.
But lesser known is the man behind the infamous
vehicle, who became snared in an elaborate
FBI sting that involved cocaine trafficking.
John DeLorean was a maverick.
As a top executive for General Motors, he
helped usher in the muscle car era with popular
models such as the Pontiac GTO, Grand Prix,
and Firebird.
In 1975, DeLorean’s jet-setting lifestyle
saw him take flight with the start of his
own company, DeLorean Motor Company.
The DMC 12 featured gull-wing doors, rust-proof,
stainless steel panels, and a lightweight
composite chassis designed for improved performance.
DeLorean also managed to convince the government
of Northern Ireland to invest 85 million pounds
in the operation.
Additionally, he installed a state-of-the-art
factory in Belfast, bringing 1,500 new jobs
as well as economic optimism to an area mired
by years of sectarian violence during “The
Troubles.”
At first, everything looked rosy as demand
outpaced production for the futuristic-looking
sports car.
But underwhelming performance issues along
with budget overruns and quality control quickly
led to DeLorean’s own troubles and the desperate
need for more quid.
He then sped into an ill-advised road into
the world of narcotics — an avenue he hoped
would earn him a quick $24 million to keep
DMC running.
Instead, he plowed into a federal sting operation
that targeted white-collar drug traffickers.
Although video cameras caught him red-handed
making a deal, he was later acquitted after
his lawyers argued that FBI agents had entrapped
the disgraced auto executive.
Nonetheless, DMC quickly collapsed — sinking
like another famous vessel built in Belfast:
the Titanic.
9.
John Gotti
Known as the “The Teflon Don” for his
ability to avoid conviction, John Gotti ran
the Gambino crime family in New York City
with equal parts panache and blood-spattered
violence.
His well-coiffed hair and expensive suits
reflected a highly successful operation that
generated a rumoured annual income of $500
million.
In the end, it took the combined efforts of
a raging bull, the US Department of Justice,
and the dogged pursuit of the FBI to finally
bring Gotti down.
By the mid-1980s, Gotti had steadily climbed
up the mafia’s chain of command.
But his simmering beef with then Gambino head
honcho, Paul Castellano, turned deadly when
Castellano and other mobsters were shot dead
outside of the swanky Sparks Steak House in
Midtown Manhattan.
Gotti, who had ordered the hit, soon took
over and expanded into other criminal enterprises,
including the highly profitable distribution
of narcotics.
Although the fast and loose 80s saw Gotti
walk free on three separate prosecutions,
the 90s wouldn’t be as kind to the cocky
mob boss.
The FBI, aided by the US Assistant Attorney
General, Robert Mueller, outwitted the racketeer’s
unscrupulous, maniacal plans by flipping Salvatore
“Sammy the Bull” Gravano in exchange for
a more lenient stretch.
On April 2, 1992, a jury found Gotti guilty
on multiple charges ranging from obstruction
of justice to tax evasion and was sentenced
to life imprisonment without the possibility
of parole.
He later died of throat cancer in 2002.
8.
Pretty Boy Floyd
For any dreamer, the dusty plains of Oklahoma
are a stark contrast to the bright lights
of the big city, and the allure of greener
pastures proved irresistible for Charles Arthur
“Pretty Boy” Floyd.
As yet another colorfully nicknamed gangster
from the 1930s, he went on to commit a series
of well-publicized bank robberies and murders
throughout the Midwest.
To his credit, Floyd tried earning an honest
wage while labouring as a roughneck in the
oil fields near Tulsa.
He often turned up wearing a white button-up
dress shirt and slacks to work, prompting
the men on the rig to call him “Pretty Boy”
— a moniker he hated as such as the physically
demanding work.
Floyd gravitated towards the nefarious underbelly
of Kansas City, where he partnered with other
outlaws, including prolific bank robber, Frank
“Jelly” Nest.
Floyd’s association with these men proved
both financially rewarding and deadly — culminating
with the “Kansas City Massacre” — a
mass shooting that shocked the nation and
exposed the growing lawlessness in poverty-stricken
America.
When Nest was arrested in June of 1933, several
of his felonious friends hatched a plan to
set him free.
Although accounts differ regarding which perpetrators
were actually involved, a wild shootout at
Union Station resulted in the death of the
prisoner and four law enforcement officers.
Although Floyd denied taking part in the melee,
it didn’t matter.
He had been recently named “Public Enemy
Number One” after the death of John Dillinger,
and the FBI was determined to hunt him down.
Similar to the account surrounding the ‘massacre’
story, at least three versions of Floyd’s
demise later surfaced.
Still, one fact remains irrefutable: Pretty
Boy Floyd died after a shootout with FBI agents
in East Liverpool, Ohio, on October 22, 1934.
7.
Machine Gun Kelly
In the spirit of Lady Macbeth, Kathryn Kelly
was an ambitious woman determined to carve
out a better life for herself by any means
necessary.
She found the ideal accomplice in her fourth
husband, George Kelly Barnes, a small-time
bootlegger from Memphis.
As the story goes, the attractive femme fatale
bought her hubby a Thompson machine gun and
re-branded him “Machine Gun Kelly.”
Unfortunately for them, checking into the
grey bar hotel wasn’t part of the plan.
In July 1933, the husband and wife team pulled
off an elaborate scheme that yielded their
biggest cash grab to date.
They successfully kidnapped oil tycoon and
businessman, Charles F. Urschel, from his
home in Oklahoma City and soon collected a
whopping ransom of $200,000.
But a subsequent FBI investigation resulted
in their arrest 56 days later in Tennessee.
The larcenous lovers then became jailbirds
after being convicted and sentenced to life
imprisonment.
George served part of the all-day stretch
at Alcatraz but died at the federal lockup
in Leavenworth, Kansas in 1954.
As for his beloved bride, Kathryn spent 25
years at a women’s correctional facility
in Virginia before dying at the ripe age of
81.
6.
John Dillinger
As the FBI’s first “Public Enemy Number
One,” John Dillinger reigned supreme among
Depression-era desperados.
He and his ruthless gang were accused of robbing
24 banks and four police arsenals, murdering
10 men, and staging three prison escapes.
The Hell-raising Hoosier even managed to craft
a reputation as a modern-day Robin Hood, giving
the downtrodden masses an outlaw hero to cheer
for during tough times.
John Herbert Dillinger was born into a middle-class
family on June 22, 1903, in Indianapolis.
He showed signs of deviant behaviour at an
early age that grew increasingly violent throughout
his life.
Although Dillinger quit school at 16, he received
an education of a different stripe while serving
an eight-year jolt for robbery at the Indiana
State Prison.
There, he learned the ABCs of robbing banks
from more seasoned pros — knowledge he quickly
put to use after getting sprung in May 1933.
Dillinger stayed busy over the next 14 months,
plundering with his scary band of hardened
ex-cons that included the likes of Harry “Pete”
Pierpont, Homer Van Meter, and Baby Face Nelson.
After successfully busting out of an ‘escape-proof’
pokey in Crown Point, Indiana, just outside
of Chicago, Dillinger made the mistake of
stealing a sheriff’s car and driving it
to Illinois.
His getaway had violated the National Motor
Vehicle Theft Act, a federal offense involving
the transportation of a stolen motor vehicle
across state lines, and thus triggering a
nationwide FBI search.
Coincidentally, Dillinger’s luck finally
ran out shortly in the summer of 1934 after
watching Manhattan Melodrama — a movie about
a popular, slick criminal.
Spoiler alert: it doesn’t end well.
A brothel madam named Ana Cumpanas had tipped
off the Feds, who waited for the wanted man
as he walked out of the Biograph Theatre in
Chicago.
Acting on instinct, Dillinger pulled out his
pistol and attempted to flee down a nearby
alley before being gunned down in a hail of
bullets.
5.
Baby Face Nelson
Most armchair shrinks would probably agree
that Lester Gillis suffered from severe psychological
issues.
His small stature and cherubic appearance
didn’t exactly project a stone-cold killer,
but that’s just what “Baby Face” Nelson
became.
Although he hated the sobriquet that made
him a household name from coast to coast,
he took satisfaction in killing more FBI agents
than any other scofflaw in history.
The pint-sized hoodlum began his life of crime
in Chicago, spending most of his childhood
in and out of juvenile reformatories.
He eventually formed his own gang and engaged
in petty theft and bootlegging before graduating
to armed robbery.
In addition to knocking over banks, the baby-faced
bandit organised a series of brazen home invasions
that included the home of Chicago mayor Big
Bill Thompson.
Nelson joined forces with John Dillinger’s
gang in March of 1934.
Shortly afterward, he shot Special Agent W.
Carter Baum — the first of three federal
agents Nelson killed that year and was later
named “Public Enemy Number One.”
His tenure as top dog, however, was short-lived.
On November 27, 1934, a shootout occurred
in Barrington, IL, resulting in the deaths
of Nelson and two more FBI agents.
4.
Bonnie and Clyde
Love can be messy.
And sometimes even downright bloody.
Such was the case with Bonnie Parker and Clyde
Barrow, a pair of star crossed crooks whose
bullet-riddled bodies ended one of the most
spectacular manhunts the nation had ever seen.
During the Great Depression, high unemployment
and a prevailing sense of hopelessness pushed
countless, desperate citizens to pursue a
life of crime.
The dangers involved usually ended in death,
but some people at least enjoyed the good
times while they lasted.
Although they didn’t possess the same movie-star
looks of Warren Beaty and Faye Dunaway, the
A-list actors portraying them in the 1967
blockbuster movie, the real-life Bonnie and
Clyde lived large stealing cars and robbing
banks during the early 1930s.
But the thrill ride would come to a crashing
halt during a FBI ambush in Bienville Parish,
Louisiana.
The couple had been traveling in a stolen
1934 Ford sedan and armed with more than a
dozen guns and several thousand rounds of
ammunition, including 100 20-round BAR magazines.
But they were no match for the heavily armed
law enforcement posse as the G-Men unleashed
a fury of gunfire into the car, leaving both
fugitives dead on the scene.
3.
Al Capone
The defiance of federal Prohibition laws during
the “Roaring ’20s” led to the rise of
lucrative empires built on bootlegging that
invariably also included extortion, gambling,
prostitution, narcotics, and murder.
In Chicago, a scar-faced gangster ran the
Windy City as his own private fiefdom, crushing
anyone who got in his way.
The notorious boss would earn a slew of nicknames
during his dastardly dynasty, but is best
remembered as Al Capone.
After cutting his teeth as a small time thug
in his hometown of Brooklyn, Capone landed
in Chicago in 1919, looking to make a name
for himself.
It didn’t take long.
By the mid 1920s, he had become the de facto
king of the local underworld and enjoyed the
spotlight as a larger-than-life public figure.
In 1929, he also showed off his romantic side
by ordering the execution of several gangland
rivals in the infamous St. Valentine Day’s
Massacre.
Capone manipulated the system to avoid prosecution
by sheer force and intimidation until the
Feds finally nailed him on the humdrum crime
of tax evasion.
On October 18, 1931, the career criminal was
convicted and sentenced to 11 years in federal
prison.
(Make no mistake: Eliot Ness and his Untouchables
were part of the Treasury Department, but
the FBI most definitely played a role in Capone’s
eventual downfall.)
He spent most of his time locked up on Alcatraz,
where his health rapidly deteriorated stemming
from syphilis.
After serving seven years, six months and
15 days, and having paid all fines and back
taxes, he was released from prison.
Capone then retreated to South Florida, where
he died of a stroke and pneumonia on January
25, 1947.
2.
Patty Hearst
The stranger-than-fiction tale of Patty Hearst
had it all.
Celebrity.
Scandal.
Crime.
And even a fledgling revolutionary terrorist
group for good measure.
On February 4, 1974, members of a group calling
themselves the Symbionese Liberation Army
(SLA) kidnapped the granddaughter publishing
magnate and politician William Randolph Hearst,
the billionaire who famously served as the
inspiration for Citizen Kane.
Patricia “Patty” Hearst was a 19-year-old
college student when the incident occurred
that would irrevocably change her life forever.
Law enforcement frantically searched the country
for her whereabouts for over two months while
the Hearst family attempted to accommodate
the SLA’s unusual demands.
But then unexpectedly, she surfaced on security
cameras holding a M-1 carbine while helping
her comrades rob a bank.
The bizarre turn of events marked just one
of many twists and turns in the saga, involving
the heiress who went from an unassuming art
history major to landing on the FBI’s most-wanted
list.
She remained on the lam for nearly two years,
actively taking part in other crimes with
SLA under the alias of “Tania.”
Finally, in September 1975, a combined task
force of FBI agents and the San Francisco
Police Department nabbed the fugitive as she
walked out of her modest apartment in the
city by the Bay.
Hearst initially expressed solidarity for
her captors.
An article in Time Magazine reported, “At
the San Mateo jail, Patty listed her occupation
as “urban guerrilla.”
Her lawyer, Terence Hallinan, told newsmen
that she had asked him to relay a message
to the public: “Tell everybody that I’m
smiling, that I feel free and strong and I
send my greetings and love to all the sisters
and brothers out there.”
She later changed her tune, claiming she had
been brainwashed and fallen victim to Stockholm
syndrome, a psychological condition in which
a captive develops sympathy or affection for
their kidnappers as a survival strategy.
She also hired the well-known criminal defence
lawyer and boozehound, F. Lee Bailey, whose
bungling of the case included spilling water
all over his pants during closing arguments.
Hearst was convicted of bank robbery and sentenced
to 35 years in prison following a prolonged
media circus trial.
However, she served less than two years after
President Jimmy Carter commuted her prison
term in 1979.
Since her release, she’s stayed busy with
multiple endeavors, such as acting, writing,
and as an award-winning participant in dog
shows.
1.
The Unabomber
On April 3, 1996, the FBI apprehended a disheveled
53-year-old man at his rural cabin in northeastern
Montana.
The arrest ended a nearly two-decade investigation
— the most expensive in the Bureau’s history
— for the enigmatic terrorist called the
“Unabomber.”
Theodore John “Ted” Kaczynski exhibited
early indications of a budding genius.
He scored a 167 IQ at age 10 and five years
later graduated from high school with honors.
After earning a scholarship to Harvard, the
gifted prodigy continued his tormented but
remarkable academic ascent — especially
in the field of complex analysis — and eventually
joined the mathematics staff at the University
of California, Berkeley.
Meanwhile, Kaczynski grew increasingly withdrawn
and resentful towards the trappings of an
industrialized, modern society.
He abruptly quit his teaching post in 1969,
and soon retreated to the remote wilderness
of Big Sky country, where he lived off the
grid and meticulously plotted his revenge.
From 1978 to 1995, Kaczynski carried out a
sophisticated mail-bombing campaign, randomly
killing three people and injuring 23 others.
A total of 16 bombs were delivered — many
containing cryptic clues — as he continued
to thwart authorities and terrorize the nation.
The FBI had dubbed him “the Unabomber”
because his early victims had been associated
with universities or airlines.
In 1995, the Feds received a break in the
case when Kaczynski sent a typed 35,000-word
‘manifesto’ to the Washington Post and
New York Times.
Entitled “Industrial Society and Its Future,”
the rambling tome expressed his muddled grievances
and motives for the attacks.
It would also lead authorities directly to
the hermit’s hideout in the woods.
Kaczynski’s brother, David, had read the
essay in the newspaper and immediately recognized
it as the work of his estranged sibling.
He then contacted the FBI and gave them the
whereabouts of the Montana location.
Although the ramshackle 10’ x 14’ hut
lacked both electricity and running water,
agents found an enormous cache of bomb-making
materials as well over 40,000 handwritten
journal pages detailing numerous crimes.
Investigators also uncovered a particularly
disturbing item hidden underneath a bed: an
unsent package containing a live bomb.
A federal grand jury indicted the prisoner
on ten counts of illegally transporting, mailing,
and using bombs, and three counts of murder.
Renowned criminologist and forensic psychiatrist,
Park Dietz, stated that Kaczynski wasn’t
psychotic but had “a schizoid or schizotypal
personality disorder.”
After being declared fit to stand trial, Kaczynski
pled guilty to all charges, thus avoiding
the death penalty.
He is currently serving eight life sentences
without the possibility of parole at ADX Florence,
a maximum-security facility in Florence, Colorado
— aka the “Alcatraz of the Rockies.”
