Hello Student start with the first stage
of karyokinesis 1 that is prophase
once 1. already told you the phases of
prophase 1 the very first phase will
Liptotene let's understand what is
meaning of Liptotene.
the protin the term is derived from two
Greek words first is Likto and second is
Ting .Likto means thing an ting means ribbon
so thin ribbon like structure called as
Liktothin so what exactly is happening in
Lipkting  in the chromatin network which I
already taught you the basic structure
present in nucleus the kromatin Network
condense the never contains completely
the condense partially so when the
condnes the network
form small small thread-like structures
and that redneck structure called lib
protein that is why the stage is called
as little team stage because in this
stage inside the nucleus we can see only
thread like chromosome and that is why
it is called lip toe
so this is how liquid end-stage look I
will complete it with the labeling part
so this is how nucleus look in first
stage that is lifted in of prophase one
the next stage is zygote T what happens
in cycle T in case of Seibert in
homologous chromosome comes very close
to each other this deform coupling
structure that coupling structure is
called s bivalent and the process of
formation coil s synapse so let's see
how it looks in diagram so this is how
psychotic look cell membrane and nuclear
membrane is still intact even the
nucleolus is intact
next stage of prophase 1 is packaging
now let's see what happens in packaging
now payments ribbon next structure and
vacuum is overlapping so this is the
most important phase of prophase 1 one
more important thing about this phase is
it is a longest phase of prophase what
you need to remember this thing the
longest phase are service interface but
in case of nozzles after interphase
prophase is a longest and insightful
phase
PACA teen is the longest phase now what
happens in packet in this is considered
as a moose significance of the most
important stage of prophase one because
what happens over your results in to
variation let's see how it looks
diagrammatic things
so you can see in this stage the woman
of this chromosome or now we can call it
as violent chromosome the Bible and
chromosome is undergoing twisting and
coiling over each other
now when they are undergoing twisting
and coiling over each other the
important process takes place and that
important process is called as crossing
over or join crossing now let's see what
exactly happens and crossing over in
crossing over exchange of genetic
material takes place now crossing over
occurs at a specific spot the name of
that spot is Gaius Martin so you have to
remember this thing which is the point
of crossing over it is called s guys
matter now how many guys matters are
formed if the chromosome is short or
small then only one cares matter is
formed if it is long more than two three
cosmetics can be formed so what is
cancer at a point of crossing over
now I will show you how this guy smarter
look and what exactly happens at the
Caius matter now this is to Bible and
chromosome which you have seen in the
nucleus now you see carefully what is
getting overlapped on another and the
same happens when they are coiling and
twisting around each other now the point
where they are overlapping that is
called as Caius matter what exactly
happens at kiya smart are that result in
to variation once the crossing over
process is completed and drawing a
diagram you see what exactly happened to
be chromosome
so exactly have seen over your student
recombination took place the combination
how because some part of what chromosome
got interchange with some part of
another chromosome so what they were set
of DNA's which they were having before
crossing over now that said head changed
in some point and the point is called as
chiasmata so in that point the set had
been changed that resulted in two
recombination so Cosmo eight colors
matter what happens exchange of genetic
material this exchange results in two
recombination and recombination results
in two variation finally lots of
variation results into evolution and
this is a most significant step because
we get best or the worst quality evolved
from this hot in short we can say we get
changes in the characters
so student after exchange of genetic
material the recombination takes place
and recombination results in to
variation this is how recombination
routes and variation results into
evolution now the next stage is dip
floaties let's see how the plot in loops
in case of de protein the Bible and
chromosome start pulling from each other
but they are connected to Christ mater
they cannot get separated from chiasmata
this thing you have to remember again
repeating the Bible and chromosomes
start pulling from each other or start
getting lifted from each other but they
remain connected at once for that is
chiasmata so let's see how it looks
diagrammatically
so this is how the protein look
diagrammatic teams you can see the
chromosomes are getting pulled blue
color and pink color chromosomes and
what they are attached at is Marta and
one more thing you notice the chiasmata
is not present at the end of chromosome
because that will be the difference
between victory and Daikin insists so
remember the same - Marta is not at the
edge of chromosome in case of de protein
but in case of daikon answers that will
move towards the end as only distinguish
between diplo team and baikin insist
let's see the last stage what happens
and last stitch that is dye condenses
so this is a diagram for dye condenses
with it absorb it carefully many thing
has happened over it
the first thing which you can see clear
leave and I told you to notice in deep
floaty
this is deep blue T anthesis guidances
so I hope you understood the difference
between the location of chiasmata of
deep blue paint and dye condenses
so first difference you should noticed
is type what about shifted towards the
ends or edges of chromosome next thing
which knocked notice is nuclear membrane
and nucleolus is getting distinguished
so stirring the diagram you can see
first thing which you have to observe is
difference between the Bible and
chromosome chiasmata location of the
protein and the chiasmata location of
Dyken ances so you can see the cosmetic
all shifted towards the end first
difference second difference which can
be clearly seen is disappearance of
nuclear membrane and this appearance of
nucleolus one more thing you can see
over here centrioles start dividing I
mean centrosome started dividing to form
sensual and sensual is getting shifted
towards polar regions so for differences
of four characteristics of died
condenses first chiasmata got shifted
towards the edge of chromosome second
nuclear membrane disappear
third nucleolus disappear and fourth the
centrosome divide
to form centrioles and central started
moving towards polar region so here we
completed prophase 1 thank you very much
-
