Hello, those interested in organic agriculture.
Today I would like to share my experience
I have an organic avocado orchard namely "Glory Farm"
located in Chom Tong District, Chiang Mai, Thailand
just planting six months ago (started 30th June 2017) with an intention to be an organic garden.
There is a problem, however, on how to substitute chemical fertilizers
for examples, 15-15-15, 46-0-0 (Urea), 8-24-24 etc.
I search information in Youtube and do interest in photosynthetic bacteria
which are shared by a few youtube channels.
So last three months I did a trial of microbial culture
I made it in a 1.5 litre bottle about 40 bottles.
After two months, there was nothing happen. The inside liquid of all forty bottles still be an opaque white color.
So I throw it away by pouring under the trees
I asked myself, why did my trial microbial culture turn out a bad result
(not becoming either purple or green photosynthetic bacteria)?
I do assume its cause came from "water" because
I took the water from a coin vending machine
which is pure and without the life of photosynthetic bacteria in the water.
This is a reason why its liquid did not turn out in any color (purple, reddish brown, green, etc),
but being opaque white color and cannot use.
I read a document and learn that photosynthetic bacteria live in hot springs
I had an opportunity to visit a Hot Springs
and ask permission to take four hot spring bottles
then feed one table-spoon of mixed food (one chicken egg stir with two fish sauce table-spoon) into hot spring bottles
After one weeks, a clear hot spring water turn into light green color
and after two weeks, it became medium and dark green when the time pass by longer and longer
Among these four bottles, I take two bottles to expand its leavening.
So what I got in these four bottles are "green photosynthetic bacteria"
This make me glad even though did not get purple photosynthetic bacteria as I expected from the beginning.
I do observe a few youtube channels express their disappointed after got a green color
felt unsuccessful and tried to correct by changing a green to be reddish brown color photosynthetic bacteria
by adding 1-2 table-spoon of monosodium glutamate in the bottle and put in the sun
so that it may change from the green to reddish brown color
or someone explain that the green color came from the moss that live at the surface of cement pond
then taking water from this cement pond and culturing the microbial, therefore this green color may relates to the moss.
so in brief getting green color is not according to their expectation.
or may not realize its usefulness of green photosynthetic bacteria
I quite surprise and doubt about the different explanations of green color liquid
and there is no clear and certain answer about this green color liquid,
So I search for documents and read the biological explanation, especially that of "Shomu's Biology"
Understand that Shomu is an Indian biological expert.
and he explains about the microorganism
of both purple and green photosynthetic bacteria
Today I think we shall learn and gain better understanding of green photosynthetic bacteria
What is green photosynthetic bacteria? And how about its usefulness?
Shomu explains that there are two types of photosynthetic bacteria
which use sulfur as an electron donor.
The first one is "purple" sulfur bacteria
which use sulfur as part of photosynthesis reaction by having sunlight as an energy
The second one is "green" sulfur bacteria
which also uses sulfur as part of photosynthesis activity
Someone call "PSB" and defines it in Thai as "photo synthetic microorganism" (จุลินทรีย์สังเคราะห์แสง)
This calling as "microorganism" may not directly and specifically mean the right thing.
"microorganism" refer to various things such as fungi, bacteria, virus, a single cell living organism, etc.
Or in another word, 'micororganism" is a common name of various very small living creatures.
To call it correctly and specifically, we should call photosynthetic "bacteria" (แบคทีเรียสังเคราะห์แสง)
What is the difference between photosynthesis of bacteria and plants?
Plants use water as an electron donor and 
sunlight as energy to function photosynthesis.
in order to gain food and living.
Sometime the farmers call it as "red" photosynthetic microorganism
In fact, however, an academic paper of an Indian lady biological expert.
She calls its color as "purple" or "reddish brown" photosynthesis bacteria
What you have seen here is "reddish brown" photosynthetic bacteria.
One youtube channel expresses his likeness and correctly calls it "purple" color like mangosteen peel.
Anyway we should call its correct name as "bacteria" rather than calling it "microorganism"
in order to make a clear cut definition that it is neither "fungi" nor "virus," but it is "bacteria."
Now we are going to learn and understand about "green" photosynthetic bacteria
or sometime call its color as " yellow-green," "green", "orange-green"
A few farmers have cultured and may got "orange-green" color
What you have seen here look like "yellow-green" and "green" color
I had a chance to use hot spring water to culture and got the "green photosynthetic bacteria" in all four bottles.
then expanding it into many bottles
To study its nature, I use various types of water which collected from different location in a natural pond.
in order to see which location provide the best environment to the reaction of photosynthetic bacteria
An interested observation is its sediment at the bottom of each bottle has different thickness.
The water of this bottle came from a stagnant water, however, quite clear water and a lot of tadpoles live there.
While the inside water of the next bottles taken from locations where having gradual turbidity and moss.
The sediment in this first bottle has more thickness than the other bottles
A question is: What is this sediment?
Personally I do believe that it is not a mixed food (stirred chicken egg and monosodium glutamate)
I put similar quantity of one table-spoon into each bottle.
If this sediment is the mixed food, then the thickness of sediment in each bottle should be quite equal thickness.
But I think this sediment is the waste compound that the green photosynthetic bacteria,
after they eat food and doing photosynthesis function, excrete it out.
quite a similar function of other living creatures such as earthworm castings and its liquid.
which have rich nutrients to the plants
So I do assume that this sediment is
the casting out of green photosynthetic bacteria
which will be the plant food,
beside the lighter green liquid that show how much bacteria itself contain.
Which bottle that has more sediment thickness, then it implies having more green photosynthetic bacteria
In an explanation of Shomu's Biology, Shomu calls "purple" bacteria as "P870 complex",
which mean it is a living complex creature.
While the "green" bacteria, he calls "P840",
which is an international common name of this bacteria.
And he explains in detail about photosynthesis function of purple bacteria perform.
In regard with "green " bacteria, after receiving sunlight it moves to a peak stage and ready to function
It transfers electron and got chlorophyll A and FeS,
This "FeS" is an iron sulfur cluster.
It is a combinative bonds of iron and sulfur which stick together.
The inside of this cluster contains "protein"
I still do not go further study on what does "Cytochrome" mean.
To reach at this level, it affirms that "green bacteria" is a different bacteria from the "purple" one.
Each type of bacteria give different nutrients,
for example, you may see this website
It describes a chemical equation after the purple bacteria has performed its photosynthesis.
Its result provide glucose, six atoms of water,  and sodium bi-sulfite
These are things the purple photosynthetic bacteria has provided
While the green photosynthetic bacteria produces (1) glucose, (2) chemical sulfur 12 atoms,
then water and energy
So what the green bacteria produce is sulfate
This sulfate is a nutrient to the plants.
Sulfates will be absorbed through the plants' root and eaten by microorganism in the soil.
When sulfate is in a soil environment that contain oxygen, then sulfate will turn to protein
So what we have got from culturing either purple or green photosynthetic bacteria are plants' nutrients.
I may raise an example of feeding earthworm with the purpose of getting earthworm casting and its liquid.
Similarly, you may imagine million and million of photosynthetic bacteria in one bottle
They are very tinny living creatures that eat food and casting out its waste.
Certainly those liquid and casting will be benefit to the plants.
So I think this is an alternative way for organic farmers who want to substitute chemical fertilizers
I am not sure whether are there any academic who have done research
on the usefulness to the plants and how to use this green photosynthetic bacteria.
or when it will be a proper time of using it,
for example, during the growing period then using purple photosynthetic bacteria;
before the trees give flowering and produce fruits, then using green photosynthetic bacteria.
We do not know what should be a proper procedure of using these good bacteria.
There is another academic paper described about phosphorus
It describes that sulfate can decompose an inroganic rock salt.
This inorganic rock salt contains with various nutrients such as phosphorus that is benefit to plants.
This is an explanation of a foreigner expert on green photosynthetic bacteria.
Whereas there is no paper on green photosynthetic bacteria that is researched by Thai experts,
or there is Thai academic research paper, but still not come to my knowing.
I would like to kindly request Thai academic to do research on its application to the plants
What I do observe now is there are a few brave-heart farmers who did their experiment of using
purple and green photosynthetic bacteria and reported their most positive results to the public via Youtube.
A lot of good experiments will be the evidence to affirm its usefulness of purple and green bacteria to the plants.
Yes, we are certain of its usefulness, however, we still lack of understanding on how to use it specifically.
It seems the western experts prefer to study its nature, origin and function, rather than its application.
But we as farmers (as me who own an organic farm of avocado and passion fruit in Chiang Mai),
want to know when to use either purple or green bacteria, and how to use it properly.
Or when and how to use lactic acid bacteria and Effective Microorganism?
I do expected that you will have better and clearer understanding of green photosynthetic bacteria;
and believe that from now on there is no necessary to try to change green bacteria to purple bacteria
by adding monosodium glutamate.
because the green photosynthetic bacteria has its own unique value and nutrients for the plants.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Thank you for watching "Glory Farm" channel"
If you do interest in organic avocado of Glory Farm, please contact 08-4321-6222 or 09-5779-3450
