Origins and Adaptations Part III
Peter Joseph
“We must believe in free-will. We have no choice.”
ZDay, Berlin Germany, March 14th 2015
[Applause]
Alright ... So,
I did a series called 'Origins and Adaptations'
in 2012 and 2014 respectively.
It was supposed to end there
but I decided to continue.
This dealt historically
with the capitalist economy,
and I wanted to show how the system worked,
where it came from,
how it’s evolved and a lot of
things I think everybody here
must be very very aware of by now.
We should all be well aware
that most everything we are
experiencing in the world today -
from ecological decline, to endless
government and business corruption,
to human exploitation,
to perpetual poverty, to constant war,
to growing unemployment, to debt collapse,
and to the overall value system disorder -
has been predictable.
Predictable when viewing the state
of the world through the prism
of current economic functionality.
And from this “system-based” worldview,
we can not only better understand
the past and the present;
we can also anticipate of course,
what is in store for the future
as this social cancer continues to
morph and grow and mutate and absorb
and in effect, decouple humanity
from everything most fundamental
to our long term social and
ecological sustainability.
So before I close this subject,
which been drilled in at length,
I want to re-summarize the issue with
a quote by a man named Gary Holthaus:
“Our economics, social life,
politics, and schools have insisted
that having more toys is
better than having fewer toys;
that buying stuff is good for us;
that we have to keep up with or
exceed others in our consumption;
that a high paying job can take
the place of meaningful work;
that low-paying meaningless
jobs that demean our humanity
are better than none,
and we should be grateful for them
because they will turn
us into decent citizens;
and that a free market has the
same powers as a just God...”
“But Capitalism rests ultimately
not on innovation or entrepreneurship
or brains or even a free market
– those are just stories:
stories we like to tell
ourselves because they make
those who are successful look good.
At its base,
industrial capitalism’s success
rests on exploitation of resources,
racism, child abuse, sexism, and war.”
“But even more than all these,
contemporary capitalism rests on consumption:
government and corporate
consumption of resources,
technology, and scientific research,
and citizen consumption of market goods.”
“We are asked to consume
not only material goods
but ideas, policies,
whole worldviews that are presented with
all the persuasive skills and
battering psychological hype
that can be bought…”
“We are under assault,
we are laid siege by hype:
corporate hype, political hype,
military hype, educational hype,
commercial hype… and as our civil
rights have declined in recent years,
freedom has come to mean
the freedom to choose among
16 brand names of one product.
“This is the harvest of a culture so
bent on growth with all possible speed
that it will pour 100,000 chemicals
in the earth and atmosphere,
into our lakes and groundwater and oceans,
before it has a clue
about the long-term effects of a single
one of them.” (- Gary Holthaus)
Now - that out the way -
what I'd like to do here: take the  terms
“Origins,” “Adaptations”
[and] change the context a bit.
Instead of how the current
economic system has evolved,
let’s look at the other side.
What is the technical history,
for example, of this logic
we might term a Natural Law
Resource-Based Economy?
And more importantly,
what is its relationship to the evolution
of material culture?
- this term “abundance”
we often flagrantly toss out.
What does this evolution suggest
about ourselves? our psychology?
our sociology? even our nature?
- as the deeply social organisms we are?
Now I have to warn you,
this presentation is a bit
stream-of-consciousness.
I’m less interested in defining a
whole set of ideas than I want you
to more or less entertain
the concepts I put forward,
even though naturally I’ll
be drawing some conclusions.
Here is a table of contents
([in the back] if you can’t read it I’m sorry)
by a man named John Etzler.
Some of the themes might sound eerily
familiar if you read these contents.
We have chapters on “The power of wind,
tide, waves;"
we have chapters on “Systems of machineries
and the establishment of
applications of these powers;”
a “Plan for the building of a community;”
oh! and
“The earth can nourish 1000 times
more men than now exist,” etc.
Sounds familiar. This is one of the
first post-scarcity books ever written.
The subjects include the importance of
renewable energy in a systems approach,
applying machines to labor of course,
adapting human values through education
and creating an abundance.
Here are some quotes.
“The first elements of mechanics
teach that there is no motion imaginable,
that could not be produced
by some adapted mechanism,
provided we have the requisite power…"
“We have superabundance of power…
a million times greater than all
men on earth could affect hitherto…
The powers are chiefly to be derived
from the wind, from the tide,
from sunshine and the heat of the sun...
Each of these powers requires
no consumption of materials,
only materials for the
construction of the machineries.”
“Once established, there will be
no occasion for any work
except the superintendence of machinery,
which requires 1 to 3 persons
in all (he was being relative)
of the whole community.
If done in turns, every adult
would hardly have one turn for one
day’s superintendence in the whole year.
But it would probably be done voluntarily
being about an amusement
[and] no tedious occupation of labor.”
“Today we drudge and toil in
agriculture and in manufactories,
making many useful and many
useless things for human life,
for supplying many various demands of
necessities, comforts, and luxuries.
We care little about the real benefit
our industry may afford to the buyer,
provided we make money by their sale.
There is an endless variety of
artificial productions of every kind,
resulting from competition
of the producers…”
“What virtue can be in passing one's
life like a prisoner in the treadmill?
The occupations of manner or
present state of advancement
are yet not much better -
they are either a monotonous
drudgery or some insipid occupation,
which nothing but custom and necessity
may render tolerable in some degree,
but which are the very means
to keep the mind in inactivity
in low, trivial pursuits…”
“What is the mighty object
of leading such a life?
of course to get money -
in order to buy what one wants.
Is this the most exalted virtue,
the highest destination of man's life
that can be thought of in this world?
It may be a virtue or a necessary evil
in a state of general
ignorance and prejudice -
but it is no virtue found in nature.”
Does any of this sound familiar?
This book is called 'The Paradise within
the Reach of all Men, without Labor,
by the Powers
of Nature and Machinery'
and it was written almost
200 years ago in 1833.
That’s about 50 years before
the first light bulb was invented.
Etzler envisioned a society that harnessed
renewable energies in various ways,
plugging them into power steam engines,
and using those engines in
turn to facilitate automation,
stopping human servitude and drudgery -
and the hence the creation of
his view of a global abundance.
He even talks about creating composite
materials out of wood dust and particles
and approaching architecture
through molding and extrusion,
along with mixed-use concepts such
as ocean-powered steam vessels
that is desalinating water at the
same time as producing energy.
And of course, he implies little
need for the market or monetary system
and saw it as a waste
of life and inefficient.
It’s safe to say that historically
speaking, Etzler appears to be
one of the first to promote the
most core framework of what TZM
generally embraces.
His primitive but lucid analysis
regarding the potential of science
and technology to help humanity
through earth-based,
natural law design is really missing nothing,
when you read his work;
his overall technical perspective is sound.
And of course, it didn’t take long
for Etzler to be derisively labeled
as the first technological utopianist:
a term that has persisted ever since,
as I’m sure many here have heard.
And to this, he jauntingly added
“But there will be men
who are so ill favored by nature
they slovenly adhere to their
accustomed narrow notions
without inquiring into the truth of new ideas
and will rather,
in apology for their mental sloth,
pride themselves in despising, disputing,
and ridiculing whatever
appeals novel to them.”
Again, sound familiar?
Now I will admit,
to his discredit, if you read him,
he's a bit ... gratuitous.
He does go overboard with his vision
of this so-called “paradise”
and it’s often difficult to read
through his work without getting
an over-exaggerated sense,
an unrealistic sense, due to his rhetoric,
which I think is common with a lot of people,
a lot of futurists throughout history.
He also - sadly enough -
did fail in his lifetime to produce
the engineering that he sought,
and mainstream history pretty much
sees him as a delusional mad scientist.
Now - all that noted,
that historical little tidbit,
let’s do a thought experiment.
Let’s assume we went back to 1833,
the time of this book.
But instead of using
Etzler’s primitive version of
what could be a resource-based economy -
with renewable energy-powered
steam engines moving
steel and wood automation
machines to free labor -
we instead transplanted the current, common
21st century technology into 19th century.
Remember, Etzler's idea of “paradise” was
to remove the need for labor drudgery
and create abundance -
in the material climate he knew at the time.
Keep that in mind.
Back then there were no powered cars.
No home-wired electricity, no planes.
We hadn’t even hit the Victorian era yet.
Life was very simple in comparison to today.
And just as we today have little clue
what material life will
be like 200 years for now,
how could we expect Etzler
to perceive any differently?
Again, his vision of “paradise”
was based upon the expectations,
values and ambitions of the time.
It's a very important point.
Back to the issue.
It is needless to say
that there is certainly no question
that 21st century technology
as we know it could create
the material expectations of an
"upper class"-lifestyle standard of living,
respective to the early to mid-19th century,
without labor for income,
assuming a shift in the
social system of course.
Absolutely no question.
And again before I go further,
please understand
that this is an argumentative abstraction;
this is speculation.
As if we’re aliens that came down
in 1833 to install automated tech,
filling in whatever industry
was doing at the time,
the means of production and interests,
to satisfy the interests of the time.
So, I don’t want anyone
to read into this to think
that this is some static state
of concept of technology,
because really in truth when technology
develops, it changes our values.
So, keep that in mind.
This is about material expectation
of a given culture at a given time.
And the abstract question I pose to
you all is: "Would it be enough?”
Would you be satisfied with your
ability to be free of servitude,
living a high standard of living for 1833,
free to pursue interests as you saw fit,
... even though it’s still 1833?
Obviously, from the standpoint
of today’s material culture
it’s rather hard to accept that, right?
Because we are acclimated to life today,
and its relatively advanced
technological state.
Well, with that in mind, how about this:
What if I told you that tomorrow, all of you
will have access to an upper class home,
access to 3D printing means
that can produce everything
material you may need,
given our traditions at the time.
Global transportation was free and fast.
Your food is organic, pure, freely available
through automated vertical farms, and so on.
Hence your life
would now be open to pursue, again,
your own interests and projects,
with no need to fear for
your basic economic survival,
without servitude or monotonous labor,
hence what we promote as
a resource-based economy.
I would be very surprised if anyone
here would deny this condition
and the cultural satisfaction
clearly that it would generate.
But wait!
What if we shot ahead 200 years from now?
And humanity is now darting around the
universe at the near the speed of light,
living on various planets
just for a change of scenery,
facilitating a seemingly almost infinite
amount of goods by today's standards
through nanotechnology and the like.
And perhaps - I don’t know -
even pressing little buttons on their
wrists that give them instant orgasms.
[Audience chuckles] In that world,
21st century society would
be pretty crappy, wouldn’t it?
It would be just as primitive
in that future view,
as we look back on the 19th century.
So what’s my point?
Well, "material expansion"
(material expansion is the term I’m
using here; I hope that makes sense)
after the core, universally shared
needs of all people are met,
is transient. It has to be.
It’s meaningless.
It’s like stepping forward on an escalator
moving the other direction at the same time.
It goes nowhere.
One, for example,
cannot successfully argue that the merit
of an advanced technological society
with all the frills that we see in the West,
today,
is somehow “better” than a culture
say that lives without any such
modern communication, electricity
or an arsenal of hedonistic toys -
but, due to their worldview,
their exposure and their values,
they are actually satisfied
with their standard of living.
They are happy, and have high
relative public health as a result.
What’s the problem?
It goes nowhere, because material expansion
mistakes a social process
that actually serves as a tool
of communication for societal bonding.
It mistakes this ... element that is
there for us to share with each other,
for an end in and of itself,
as I will explain. Put another way,
this assumption of material progress and
the illusion of infinite wants it creates,
has little to do with the
function of some good,
and everything to do with the
social relationship it creates.
It is about social connection,
for better or for worse.
And the most critical aspect of this,
is that it's largely out of our control.
It’s pretty much
hardwired and subconscious,
built right into our evolutionary psychology.
If there is anything that has become
increasingly clear in cognitive neuroscience,
is that we are created and defined by others,
at every stage of our physical
and psychological development.
And I know this may seem
trite to many of us in TZM
but I realized recently that we really
don't understand how dramatic this is,
how profound it is when it comes
to what we think is important,
and why we act the way we do.
In the 13th century
King Frederick II of Sicily
decided he wanted to figure out
what the natural
language of humans were.
Some said it would be Greek,
some said it would be Latin.
So to figure it out,
the king took 50 infants upon birth,
gave them the best food,
little rooms, general conditions,
but limited all human
communication and contact,
to see what these children would
grow up naturally speaking.
What happened?
They all died of “stress dwarfism”
which comes from a lack of human contact.
Human contact is a hardwired
human requirement for development.
We evolved to learn,
and to learn from other people.
Natural selection has programmed us to
expect certain things to occur as we grow,
and virtually all of these relate to
interactions with other human beings.
“Critical periods” as
they’re termed is one form.
Language, for example,
can only be learned from others
at a very specific time in development.
And the spectrum of influence when what
"should happen doesn’t" or what
"shouldn’t happen does"
generates predictable consequences
across the entire human population.
For example it is well
established that children not given
the opportunity to form proper
emotional attachment as infants
very often end up as maladjusted adults.
Likewise we imitate each other
constantly and subconsciously,
just as how babies impulsively
imitate facial expressions
they see about them as they develop. We have
mirror neurons that fire in sympathy
when watching other people’s actions,
and we generally sense other’s
pain and happiness in empathy.
Some even have an advanced condition
called mirror-touch synaesthesia,
and when they watch violence
like a boxing match, they literally feel it;
they actually can’t
witness anything violent.
We are easily primed.
The term “primed” is fascinating.
Countless studies show how easy it is
to elevate confidence and destroy it.
This is why bullying works.
If you think that you are stupid or inferior,
if you’re being told
that over and over again,
even if you have the strongest will,
if you’re consistently beaten down,
you’ll begin to act that way.
And if you really want to see something
spooky about our hardwired social nature,
throw the average individual into a crowd
or get them to identify with a group.
We have this limbic system response
that drops our sense of
critical thought in many cases.
It drops our inhibition,
our volition and our independence,
when the herd gets excited.
If I right now - if someone over here -
screamed “Bomb!”
or everyone just simply made the motion
to go this way - just the motion -
people would follow along,
in a flock-like behavior;
our limbic system simply responds that way.
Not to mention the “groupthink”
that’s so common out there,
and our detachment from responsibility
when we’re associated with another group
and they’re behind us, supporting-...
Any teenager knows
what peer pressure does and
the decisions that are made,
that would never be made if they were alone,
due to that influence.
So coming back to the main issue:
What all this means in material culture.
Sociologist Charles Cooley
probably put it the best:
“I am not what I think I am
and I am not what you think I am;
I am what I think you think I am.”
We literally define ourselves
in social terms and assumed
social responsibilities,
which is why, statistically,
1 in 5 suicides are now linked
to simply being unemployed.
Culture has created the story
that if you don’t have a job,
then you lose your social value:
a completely social connection.
A study done a few years back in Fiji
took western commercial television
into an area that didn’t have it before,
and after being introduced to the fashion,
thin characters and
social associations of beauty and success,
the culture exposed saw a dramatic
rise in unheard-of eating disorders
and newly found interest
to be thin and fashionable,
and other commercial attributes.
And, since I've been criticized
for not having much comic relief
in any of my presentations,
I present to you Charlie Sheen.
[Audience chuckles]
Charlie brought the word-...
where’s Ben? Ben?
- [Ben] “Winning!” -
into western pop culture.
He spent weeks in the media
spotlight explaining how great he was
due to his wealth [and] status,
a couple years back.
By the way I bring this up
not to impose hate on Charlie,
but to show how his mainstream
values and social sense encapsulates
almost everything set forward
by the system we live in:
the favoring of wealth,
status and competition.
When he was asked what he thought of those
that said he might NOT be “winning”
he said “They can say that,
but what kind of car are they driving?
What kind of girls are in their home?
You are either winning or you’re losing ...
there’s nothing in between.
I am going to win inside of every moment
and they can just find the most
comfortable chair in their small house
and sit back and enjoy the show.”
[Audience laughter]
And I hope I’m not the
only one who can appreciate
the unintended double entendre
at the end of that statement.
Now what is my point?
Those familiar with TZM know we
have talked a lot about something
called structural violence, in fact
you’ll hear another talk on that today.
Specifically the bio-psycho-social
manifestation of violence
that occurs by exposure to
certain social circumstances.
Such as, for example, the fact that
people with low socioeconomic status
have been found to correlate with
high incidence of heart disease.
It isn’t about what they’re eating,
it isn’t their lack of exercise -
it is simply about the
stress of the way they feel.
And the way we feel in this world is
almost exclusively a social consequence.
In the words of Robert Sapolsky,
“It isn’t about being poor.
It’s about feeling poor.”
And when you see the
emerging class divide now,
we are not seeing just an injustice -
we are seeing really a public health crisis,
in the making.
And the real task at hand -
the real adaptation,
to come back to the form of this lecture -
is to redefine the social contract,
to redefine how we
actually look at each other.
Because really,
that is all that matters to any of us
whether we’re aware of it or not.
So in conclusion to this
mildly rambling presentation,
when it comes to the future of our society,
when it comes to the heart
of a sustainable culture,
when it comes to the precondition
that can set the stage
of a new relationship,
not only with each other,
but with the habitat itself,
I think this “material
gain/status continuum trap”
is going to be one of the most profound
philosophical problems facing all of us,
and the culture at large,
those that are of course in the
"normal" sphere, most of all.
And it will be the core
force distracting the public
from understanding the general logic
of the new social system we talk about:
based on balance, sustainability and
human trust; true social capital -
the only reason we exist.
And our adaptation to understand
the critical need to alter this
distorted current sense of relationship - or,
to use old language,
to alter this distorted spiritual
relationship - is a subject
that each of us need to consider
in our own communication practices,
and I thank you very much.
[Applause]
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