Helo Guys
My Name Is Amit
And I welcome you to my yotube channel
The Electrical Journey
So in today's topic we will discuss
What is electricity
And how its flow
So let's begin our electrical journey
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So,Guys imagine
It is a hot and sunny day
And you are coming back to a home
So
What will be the first thing you do
After entering the house
So, I am sure
You will switch on your fan or a ac
You will take some chilled water from refrigerator
And while having it
Yow will switch on your television
And,start watching your favorite
Episode
low music
So, Did you notice,you have used multiple electrical appliances
To make yourself completely,RELAXED
In our day to day life
We use different types of electrical appliances
The electricity is everywhere
In the world
But
Do you guys really know
What Is Electricity
And how its flow
So,today we have this topic
Let's get started
Basically,in this world whatever is present
Either is big or small
Everything is made up of atom
Even including us
We also made up of atom
If you take any object from the universe
And keep breaking it down to smaller units
The only thing we left with is
ATOM
Atom is that small
So, basically atom has 3 parts
First is neutron
after that proton
and third is electron
Which keep continuously revolving around the atom, like this
So,let understand the atom in a simpler way
So, this is atom
It has a nucleus in the centre
Inside of nucleus is proton and neutron
And basically this proton and neutron is tightly bounded at centre of a nucleus
And this is an electron, which keep revolving
Proton carries positive charge
Neutron carries no charge or we can say neutral charge
And electron carries negative charge
So,Lets understand the ANATOMY of atom
So, basically
In this universe, Any atom that present it always have the same number of proton and neutron
It's doesn't matter what is the value but always same
We called it no electrical charge
But
If the value of protons is increases somehow
Then
So, We called it postively electrical charged
And if in a same way the value of electron increases
We called it negatively electrically charged
OK
So,later we will know, How its happen
How this value increases
So,now we will study bohr's model
So, basically, this is a BOHR'S model
So,what in it is
It has different different energy shell present
Naming,
K
L
M
K,L,M Different different energy shell are present in it
OK
So basically
Those electrons are present in inner most shell are tightly bound
But those electron which are present in outermost shell are lossely bound
are loosely bound,which present in outermost shell
And we called them free electrons
Because they revolve around the atom and then leave the shell and jump to another atom shell
This is the main reason of flowing for electricity,Later we will study in detail
Firstly, we will study highly conductive metal
are present
Highly conductive metal are those, In which electric current can pass very easily
Most highly conductive metal we have available is, Silver
Secondly, we have copper
After that, Gold
And Aluminium
These are the top four conductive metal that are present
Now, if we see the configuration of silver
It has 2 electrons in the 1st shell
8 electrons in 2nd shell
18 electrons in 3rd shell
18 electrons in 4th shell, 1 electron in last shell
Now, copper has this configuration
Gold has this configuration
and aluminium has this configuration
If you have notice carefully
They have  1,2 or 3 electrons are present in there last shell
They are very few electron and we called them free electrons
and they will get easily flow from one atom to another
and that's how electricity produce
so
That's how free electron look like when they jump from one atom to another
so. this is a whole process
Electricity is a movement of electrons from one atom to another
And the rate at which this electron flow through a conductor or wire is called electric current
Now, lets study what is conductor
So,Basically
A conductor is a substance
Which carry electrical charge,usually free electron
Are present in it
Because of this they freely move from one atom to another
Is called conductor
And they allow electricity to  pass through them very easily
It's example are
Silver,Copper,Gold and Aluminium
Silver has a conductivity of 105%
Copper has 100%, Gold has 70%
And aluminium has 61% of conductivity
In our house wiring we mostly use copper wire
Or a aluminium wire
We don't use silver and gold because they are quite expensive
OK
So, Now we will study insulator
Insulator is just opposite to a conductor
In this, the electron present in atom is tightely bounded
And because of that they not able to jump from one atom to another
And we called it Insulator
And they don't allow electricity to pass through them very easily
Its example are Glass,Rubber,Plastic and Air
OK
Now, We have this simple circuit
It has a Bulb
A battery,which have positive and negative terminal
A switch
and a conducting wire
If we zoom in this wire
it contain millions of electron,which continuously moving
So,as we discuss earlier electron carries negative charge
So,As soon as we close the the switch
The negative charge will start flowing towards postive terminal of battery
And this is how our bulb glows
And this flow of electrons is nothing  just a electric current
So,Basically
The electricity
Is of two types
One is STATIC electricity and other is DYNAMIC electricity
DYNAMIC electricty is also called (current electricity)
It is further divide into two parts
a AC and DC
We will discuss it in some other video
Today we will only discuss static and dynamic electricity
So, Lets understand static electricity first
Static means something on rest
So basically,static electricty means charges on a rest
OK
So,let's study it's defination
Rubbing two non conductive objects generates a great amount of static electricity
When we rub two nonconductive element
So,Its generate great amount of static electricity
So, Let's understand it with an example
Basically, we have a balloon
As you can see It has the equal number  of electron and proton
It carries 4 protons and 4 electrons
So, Right now it has no electrical charge or we can say neutral charge
But, Now if we take a ballon and rub it
So, Due to rubbing a great amount of static electricity is generates
So, know  the value of electrons increases in the ballon
And it will become negatively electrical charged
If we place some piece of paper to its nearby
what will happen
These piece of paper will start attracting towards the,balloon
This happens because paper has neutral charge
And balloon having negative charge
That why it will attract it
Lightning
Lightning is also a example of static electricity
If you want to know about in detail then do comment in
Comment section, I will make a video about it
So Basically this is happening because
Rubbing increases negative charge
Repeat
The material that gain electrons become negatively charged
And the material that loss electrons become postively charged
Now we will understand DYNAMIC electricity
Dynamic electricity means charges on a motion
So, When the electrical charge flow through a conductor wire
Its produced a great amount of electricity
Called dynamic electricity, This is a same electricity which we use in our home
So we have some conducting wire, which we used in home
Inside of it is,Copper or Aluminium
and in outside it is insulated by PVC(Polyvinyl chloride )
Lets understand with circuit
We have this wire
In which electrons always present
Now,we have this bulb,battery,switch
As we close the circuit, the path will established
Right now it is open path
And battery provide a force
Due to which they flow in a particular direction
So as soon as we close the circuit,This negative electron start flowing towards postive terminal of battery
And this is how it look like,when thet will start flowing
This flow of electron is called  electricty
Or Electric current
So, Thank you so much
So Guys
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So See you next time
Till Now, BE SAFE and BE  HEALTHY
BYE
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