
Chinese: 
理解马克思主义：与理查德·沃尔夫的问答   2019年七月
纽约 曼哈顿 贾德森纪念教堂
我们尽了所有努力来录制并免费公布这些演讲 请考虑一下在Patreon上捐款来帮助我们分担成本
这本书就是我今晚来这的原因，至少是其中一个原因
我和Democracy at Work工作组一起写的
Maria在台下坐着，是我们团队的一员，Brian在录像
因为我们收到了这么多请求
美国正在变化
作为简短的开场白，我只想说，我真的很想让你们了解它
我来这告诉大家，我们没办法……
顺便说一下，我们在曼哈顿成立了油管工作室。

English: 
This book is the reason for this evening or at least one of them
I wrote this together with the team of Democracy at Work
Maria who's sitting over there among the people in our team Brian who's doing the video work
Because we've had so many requests
America is changing and the only short introduction I have to say is I really want you to understand that
I'm here to tell you there's no way that we would be,

Chinese: 
这是人们强烈要求的！
所以说在美国形势起了变化。
我每个月在美国各地演讲一两次
最近三次是在弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯，爱达荷州博伊西
还有一个我忘了。你知道就得了
在费尔法克斯，我在乔治梅森大学做演讲
这是世界上最保守的大学之一
他们刚刚增加了一个董事会新成员
布雷特·卡瓦诺，一个最高法院法官
Brett Kavanaugh是美国极右翼最高法院法官，曾被多名女性指控性侵。
Brett Kavanaugh是美国极右翼最高法院法官，曾被多名女性指控性侵。
别问我为啥他们为啥别人不选，偏偏选了这老哥
Brett Kavanaugh是美国极右翼最高法院法官，曾被多名女性指控性侵。
美国就这德行
但是他们对这个问题的态度却截然不同
正题之前先简单普及点儿历史
马克思主义的祖师爷就是马克思 

English: 
by the way, We produce the the Economic Update at the YouTube studios in Manhattan AT THEIR REQUEST
So something's changing in America, I do public speaking around the United States once or twice a month
My last three were Fairfax Virginia, Boise Idaho, I forget (the rest). Just give you an idea
In Fairfax, I spoke at George Mason University one of the most conservative universities in the world
They just added a new member of their Board of Directors
Brett Kavanaugh, a sitting Supreme Court judge
Don't ask me to explain why they chose of all people on this planet. That's a particular person
It's America, but the attitude towards this subject is radically different
A brief history as a way to get into this

Chinese: 
他生于1818年，死于1883年，生活在十九世纪
顺便说一下，他就出生在我爸老家附近，在法国和德国的边界
这个小镇有俩名字，德语叫“Trier”，法语叫“Trèves”
 因为那儿的人两种语言都说。
马克思他家是中产阶级
他接受了大学教育
这让他直接跻身社会顶层的2%~3%
那时候大学生都是宝
他学哲学专业，想成为一个哲学教授
他的第一个工作确实是个哲学教授
但是，想我一样，他注意到了底层的挣扎
劳动人民与当地政府作斗争
他很感兴趣，问他们：政府不许你们当什么？
他想和他们对话，问他们：政府不许你们做什么？
然后他开始写文章，描述他们的境遇。
他绝不应该这样做
大学也按照惯例，把他炒了

English: 
Marxism is built around old Karl here, born in 1818 died in 1883 a man of the 19th century
Born by the way, very near where my father was born on the French-German border
The town has two names: Trier in German and Trèves in French because it's bilingual in the same way
(Karl) was a child of middle-class people,
Was given a college education which right away it puts him in the top two or three percent
At that time, nobody had such education where he studied philosophy and intended to become a professor or a philosophy which indeed was his first job
But like me, he noticed struggles in the street
Working people struggling with the local government and he was interested.
What you weren't supposed to be and he wanted to talk to them
What you weren't supposed to do and he began writing articles about their situation
which he was absolutely not to do and the university did what they normally do. They fired him

Chinese: 
就是说他对这个话题智力上的兴趣让他丢了工作
但是他一点儿也不在意
反正他也不喜欢在大学里的所见所闻
所以他就和之前研究的对象一起参与社会活动
成为了一个社会活动家
他很快就被当地警察盯上了
还有当时的德国地方当局
所以当局就按照当时德国和欧洲惯例处置了他
从而压制不同政见
他们没杀他，也没把他关起来
他们更喜欢的方式是流放。他被送走了
你知道欧洲是个小地方，很多国家挤在一起
所以所谓流放，就是送你上火车
 一个小时以后你就出国了
好吧，德国人把他送上了去巴黎的火车
然后确实俩小时就到了巴黎
但是他们通知了法国，马克思要来了哈

English: 
That's his intellectual interest in that topic got him fired
This didn't bother him at all. He didn't like what he was seeing in the university anyway
So he became active with these people that he had studied and became an activist
Which brought him immediately to the attention of the local police and the local authorities in Germany at that time
and so they did what the Germans and many Europeans at that time did to shut down political dissent
They didn't kill you and they didn't imprison you
Their preferred program was Exile. You were sent out
and remember Europe is a place of lots of countries in a small distance
So sending you out was putting you on a train and an hour later you're out
Okay, so the Germans put him on a train to Paris and literally two hours later. He's in Paris out
But they informed the Paris police that he was coming

English: 
and they met him at the train station and they basically said to him you're not staying here
And they put him on a train. They exiled him to Brussels another hour and a half to North instead of West
and the same thing happened the Belgian police did a lot you're going to London
and he ended in London and London didn't make him leave
Those years London was the place refugees from all over settled and he spent the rest of his life in London
which meant most of his adult works, certainly, Das Kapital, were all done as a citizen in London
His knowledge of English and his knowledge of conditions in the English-speaking part of the world was excellent
Because that's where he lived most of the productive life
He even made his living for several years being a reporter
European reporter for a New York City newspaper The New York World
During the time of the American Civil War where he wrote many many essays on slavery and the Civil War

Chinese: 
法国人在火车站见到马克思
跟他说，你也别在这呆着
然后又把他送上车，把他流放到布鲁塞尔去。
一个半小时就到了，但是不往西走，往北走
布鲁塞尔的警察业务也很熟练啊
滚去伦敦吧您呐
最后就到了伦敦，没再去别的地方
那些年各地的难民都住在伦敦
他在伦敦度过了余生
这意味着他大部分成熟的作品，当然包括资本论
都是以一个伦敦市民的身份完成的
他的英语很棒，对英语世界的情况也了如指掌
因为他在最高产的年纪就住在英国
他甚至还为了生计当过几年记者
为纽约的一家报社做欧洲记者，报社的名字是“纽约世界”
在南北战争期间
他写了很多很多文章，讨论奴隶制和这次战争

English: 
For the European audience because he was a reporter for this New York newspaper
He was always a theorist and a critic and an activist
In fact, he didn't recognize that. These are different words. That's an American thing
For him, he was an activist because he engaged thought
He debated different questions. He engaged in the issues of his day
like slavery in the civil war but many other issues too. He wrote for public consumption
He gave speeches to unions to civic organizations
He was always active and always thinking and writing
Because for him that was part of what being active was.
I would not have recognized the distinction. academic/activists
it would have meant nothing to him. He was whatever those things combined are
All his life

Chinese: 
他写给欧洲读者看，因为他是这家纽约报社的驻外记者
他终其一生都是一个理论家、批评家和社会活动家
其实他自己从来没给自己贴这些标签。这些都是些美国词儿
对他来说，他就是一个活跃分子，因为他一直专注于自己的思想
他参与辩论不同的问题，专注于那个时代的焦点
比如说南北战争中的奴隶制，当然还有其他问题
他写公众关心的事
他为工会和其他社会组织作演讲
他不停燃烧，不停地思考、写作
因为在他看来这就是一个活动家该做的
我不会去辨别他是个学院派还个行动派
这对他毫无意义
他是所有这些身份的结合体
终其一生

English: 
He devoted himself to criticize capitalism
It's really important
That's what he did and he was super at it
He did not believe in describing or imagining or constructing an image of socialism or communism.
He never did that
He didn't write a book about it. He didn't devote it. He mocked that
He said I'm not at the crystal ball gazing told you what the future is
Nobody knows what the future is. That's not my job
My job is to tell you what it is that's going on in capitalism in order to figure out
how this system like every other system is going through its history
Every economic system, he argued, is born, evolves over time and dies to be replaced by another.

Chinese: 
他一直投身于批评资本主义
这很重要
这就是他做的事，而且精于此道
他不相信可以描述、想象或者构建社会主义或者说共产主义的景象
他从来没相信过
他没写过这样的书，没做过这样的实践，甚至嘲笑这样的尝试
他说过他不是在用水晶球占卜，告诉人们未来的样子
没人能知晓未来，这不是他的工作
他的工作是告诉你资本主义是怎么一回事
从而揭示资本主义制度，以及其他制度，如何走过它们的历程
他认为，任何一种经济制度都会经历：产生，随时间演化，
最后消亡，并被其他制度代替

Chinese: 
奴隶制产生了演化了然后消亡了。封建制产生了演化了然后消亡了
原始部落也是这样
我们可以合理推断资本主义也会经历这些过程
产生于十七到十八世纪的英格兰
历经多年，演化成为了今天的世界体系
容我想想，下一步是什么捏？
消亡
用马爷的话说，消亡于内在矛盾
也就是因为它自身运转产生的矛盾
你们的死，不太可能是因为某个人锤烂了你的头
而是因为你自身的心理和生理过程的自然结果
所有的经济体系都会消亡，不会以你的意志为转移。马克思就是这么理解的
他要分析资本主义的内在矛盾是什么

English: 
We have slavery. It comes devolves. It dies. We have feudalism. It comes it evolves it dies
We have primitive tribal...
capitalism
reasonably to assume the same history born in England 18th or 17th century
Evolves over time becomes the world system and let's see now. What's the next step?
It dies
And it dies under its own marks
internal contradictions
the problems of itself as it functions
You don't die
necessarily most of you will not die because someone comes over and beat you over the head
Your own bodily mental processes will bring you to an end
They'll wear out whatever words you want in this system. That's how Marx understood it.
He wanted to identify What's the contradiction driving capitalism?

English: 
We're in this process, is it? Is it growing? Is it dying and what?
In order to help those of us that are living in it to, in his view, help it along
to get to that next stage because he was convinced that the human race can do better
By the way, that attitude that we can do better than the current system. That's what get us out of slavery
That's what helped get us out of feudalism. Mmm reasonable to assume. It'll help us get out of capitalism
Unless you need to believe that in the particular period you're in history has stopped
Well, don't laugh too quick you live in a country, which is committed to that idea
that capitalism is the greatest thing since sliced bread, probably better and will never go away.
I mean mr. Trump, State of the Union this year
Socialism will never happen here
That's the statement made by every leader of every country just before one socialist

Chinese: 
我们就在其中，对不？资本主义正在成长吗？还是在消亡？
为了帮助我们这些局中人
按照他的想法就是，让我们送资本主义一程
去往一个新阶段
因为他相信人类能够做得更好
对了，正是这种人类能比现有体系做得更好的态度
让我们超越了奴隶制，又超越了封建制
合理地推断，这种态度也能帮我们超越资本主义
除非你相信，你生活这个时期很特殊
历史的车轮停转了
别笑得太早
你生活的国家正在说服你这样想
资本主义是坠吼滴，从盘古开天以来就是如此
永远不会消亡
就像前几年川普所说的
社会主义绝不会发生在美国
每个国家的每个元首都这么说
直到出现了第一个社会主义者

Chinese: 
请你们好好想想
他这么说绝对有效果
他的别的说法也同样有效果
在什么情况下说的无所谓了
还重复了六七遍
马克思是个批评家
作为一个批评家他有多成功呢？我也不确定呢
他一直写作直到1883年去世
就是一百五十多年前了
在那段时间，一百五十年在人类历史中并不长
一百五十年里，他的思想传播到了地球上的每一个国家
每个国家都有马克思主义学习小组或政党，还有马克思主义工会和政府
比如说中国这样的小而美的政府
他们认为自己是马克思主义者
我们暂时不去管他们是什么意思
但是马克思主义的传播简直不要太成功啊

English: 
Think about it
His assurance that it won't happen is worth exactly
What everything else he says is worth?
It's whatever occurs to him at that moment, repeated six or seven times
Marx was a critic and how successful was he as a critic? I don't know. Let's see
He writes, he stops writing and dies in 1883. Well, it a hundred and fifty years ago. I'm not even...
In that period of time, a hundred and fifty years is not very long in human history, in a hundred fifty years
His ideas have spread to every single country in the face of this earth
Every country has Marxist Study Group's Marxist political parties and or Marxist unions and or Marxist governments
You know little governments like the Chinese
They call themselves Marxist. Put aside for the moment exactly what they mean, but the spread of Marxism is
STAGGERINGLY successful

Chinese: 
可远比基督教和伊斯兰教传播得更快、更远
如果你将它和别的世界性运动相比较，我勒个亲娘
所有这些人都从马克思主义中发现了一些令他们振奋的内容
激励着他们研究、教授并传播着马克思主义
各个语言中都大量存在着马克思主义文学
所以说是一场有力的世界性运动
当然美国同样受到了影响，尤其是在十九世纪中后叶
在欧洲受到启发的移民把马克思主义带到了美国
有些是以文学的形式
还有了解马克思主义的个人来到美国，他们使其传播、生根。
许多人接触到了马克思主义，其中的一些理解了，接受了，并引以为豪
还有很多人不自觉地认同了马克思主义的想法

English: 
It spread further faster than Christianity did or than Islam did
So if you're comparing it to global movements, WHOA
All these people found something in Marxism excited them
It made them study. It made them teach. It made them publish in it.
The literature on Marxism is vast and in every language
So it's a very powerful global movement
and it came to the United States too, particularly towards the middle and end of the 19th century
it came with immigrants who had encountered it in Europe and brought it with him
and it came in the form of literature and Individuals
who came to this country and who knew that and who spread it. it took root here
It influenced many people some who understood it and admitted it and were proud of it
Many more who didn't understand where their ideas came from but they came from Marxism

English: 
and Marxism was widely studied
first at the turn of the century
Then again in the 1930s because of the Great Depression made a lot of people interested
Then again in the 1960s with the upsurge of a critical movement around the Vietnam War
and now again
Now again in the wake of the 2008 crash
suddenly
People are discovering again, but they have to rediscover it in America because it has been smashed in America
It's very important that you understand that
The Smashing of Marxism was a deliberate effort to stop that criticism from taking root here
The first time it tried was in 1916

Chinese: 
在美国马克思主义被广泛地研究
第一次是在世纪之交
后一次是在1930年代，因为大萧条使很多人开始感兴趣
再后一次是在1960年代，随着对越战的批评运动而兴起
然后就是现在的这一次了
在2008金融危机之后的今天
仿佛一夜之间，人们开始研究马克思主义
但是在美国，得重新开始研究
因为美国的马克思主义早已粉身碎骨
理解这一点很重要
对马克思主义的粉碎行动是一种故意的行为
其目的就是防止这种批判在美国生根
第一次尝试是在1916年
社会党在美国存在过一段时间

English: 
The Socialist Party of the United States which have existed a while ran a man for president
a man ran for president
He did pretty well
Got three or four hundred thousand votes about three percent of the vote
That was thought to be a pretty good start. So four years later 1920. They ran another person
whose name you probably have heard Eugene Victor Debs
Mr. Debs
He doubled the vote, cut around nine hundred thousand votes was, by that time, that was about four percent
Okay, that's a steady growth
next, 1924
Well, something happened between 1920 and 1924.
The American business community got scared. They understood uh-oh
socialist office's running, winning votes
Thousands, tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands

Chinese: 
他们曾推选了一个人参与总统竞选
他真的参与竞选了
而且做得相当好
得到了三四千张选票，占总数的3%左右
这算是一个不错的开始
所以四年后，1920年他们推选了另一个总统候选人
他的名字你们可能听过，尤金·V·德布斯
德布斯先生
他的选票翻了一番，有九千张
当时占总票数的4%
不错，稳步增长
到下一次选举，1924年
1920年到1924年，发生了点儿事
美国商界开始害怕了
他们寻思明白了，情况不妙啊
这帮社会主义者在选总统呢，还越整越大扯了
成千上万，上十万的选票啊

Chinese: 
顺便告诉你们，社会主义在当时整个美国星火燎原
有一个州，立法机构里的社会党最多
我通常会花点儿时间让人猜猜，但是今天没时间了
在当时的48个州里面，
哪一个州在立法机构里选出了最多的社会党人？
谁都猜不到，答案是俄克拉何马州
让人深思啊
俄克拉何马州有美国最大的印地安原住民人口
俄克拉何马州有美国最大的印地安原住民人口
俄克拉何马州
俄克拉何马州有美国最大的印地安原住民人口
俄克拉何马州有美国最大的印地安原住民人口
离这不远的布里奇波特，一个社会党人做了几十年的市长
很多地方都是这样。密尔沃基，也因社会党市长而知名，还有等等很多。
但是政府出手干预了，在波士顿等地开始了著名的帕尔默搜捕行动
美国政府开始逮捕所有的社会主义者
 Sacco and Vanzetti 是两名无政府主义者， 因抢劫和谋杀被定罪，后被实施电刑处死
1920年代，正是 Sacco and Vanzetti 时期
 Sacco and Vanzetti 是两名无政府主义者， 因抢劫和谋杀被定罪，后被实施电刑处死
了解美国历史的人知道，这是一段充满迫害的历史
 Sacco and Vanzetti 是两名无政府主义者， 因抢劫和谋杀被定罪，后被实施电刑处死
这是之前的事儿了，但是真的开始迫害了
 Sacco and Vanzetti 是两名无政府主义者， 因抢劫和谋杀被定罪，后被实施电刑处死

English: 
Socialists were running and winning by the way all over the United States
The state in the United States that had the most socialists in the state legislature.
I usually take time and you don't have it tonight to ask people to guess which of the 48, then, states
voted the most number of socialists into their state legislature. You'll never guess. Answer? Oklahoma
think about it
Oklahoma
Bridgeport, Connecticut, not very far from here, had a socialist mayor for decades
All over the place Milwaukee, famous for socialist mayor and on and on and on
But the government came down there were the famous Palmer Raids in Boston and elsewhere
the government of the United States began arresting anybody who said they were a socialist
The 1920s were the era of Sacco and Vanzetti some of you know American history
The history of the persecution of these people
It was older than but it got really going

Chinese: 
说回到1924年，社会党推选了一个总统候选人
他们想要得到更多的选票
但是这次他们不再自称社会党了
他们自称“进步党”
这个候选人来自威斯康辛州，叫罗伯特·拉福莱特
罗伯特·拉福莱特
他得到了五百万张选票
就在这时，有人觉得有必要摧毁这个势头了
他们开始行动了
因为这时候有了另一个威胁
1917年的苏维埃革命，让他们看到了任其发展的结果
所以必须将其扼杀在摇篮里
没想到，扼杀行动在1920年代开始实施，
到了1929年因大萧条而受到了打击

English: 
So in 1924, the socialists ran a candidate
They wanted to get more votes
but at this time they didn't call him a socialist because that was no longer safe
They called him a Progressive Party
A man from Wisconsin named Robert La Follette, Robert La Follette and he got 5 million votes
At which point it became necessary to crush this thing
which they set out to do
They set it out because by this time they also had another scare
the Soviet Revolution of 1917 which showed where this could go
So you better crush it earlier
Unfortunately, the program to crush which got really going in the 1920s took a hit in 1929 with the Great Depression

Chinese: 
他们发现这时扼杀马克思主义和社会主义不太好
因为所有人都失业了
所以马克思主义这时又开始死灰复燃了
很多人开始自称马克思主义者
到了1930年代，美国有了三个强大的政党
或多或少地宣传马克思主义
美国共产党，在当时非常强大
社会主义工人党，一个托洛茨基主义的社会党
托洛茨基主义，认为苏联的建设离不开外部援助， 因而否认在一国能率先建成社会主义。必须要在世界范围内进行不断革命
托洛茨基主义，认为苏联的建设离不开外部援助， 因而否认在一国能率先建成社会主义。必须要在世界范围内进行不断革命
还有社会党，以前剩下的那个
托洛茨基主义，认为苏联的建设离不开外部援助， 因而否认在一国能率先建成社会主义。必须要在世界范围内进行不断革命
一共两个社会党，一个共产党
托洛茨基主义，认为苏联的建设离不开外部援助， 因而否认在一国能率先建成社会主义。必须要在世界范围内进行不断革命
他们和CIO一起制定了罗斯福新政
CIO即Congress of Industrial Organizations，产业工会联合会  Green New Deal 绿色新政，旨在解决气候变化及经济不平等问题
当时还不叫“绿色”新政
CIO即Congress of Industrial Organizations，产业工会联合会  Green New Deal 绿色新政，旨在解决气候变化及经济不平等问题
CIO即Congress of Industrial Organizations，产业工会联合会  Green New Deal 绿色新政，旨在解决气候变化及经济不平等问题
不过绿色新政就是以当时的新政为模板的
CIO即Congress of Industrial Organizations，产业工会联合会  Green New Deal 绿色新政，旨在解决气候变化及经济不平等问题
当与希特勒的战争开始的时候
美国进一步地跌入了马克思主义的恐怖怀抱

English: 
It turned out it not to be a good thing for crushing Marxism and socialism
because everybody was unemployed
and so Marxism kind of came back with a vengeance
and people called themselves that
The 1930s you had three powerful political parties in the United States advocating more or less Marxism
the Communist Party of the United States, very strong
the Socialist Workers Party a Trotskyist socialist party
and the Socialist Party, the leftover one from before. two socialists and one communist party
who worked together with the CIO to make the New Deal, to make the thing that wasn't green yet
But the model for the Green New Deal was then
and when then the war with Hitler comes about, the United States takes the next step of a scary embrace of Marxism

English: 
it becomes allied with the Soviet Union in fighting Hitler
Which makes it an official Partnership
between American capitalism and Soviet
Whatever you want to call that so that the post offices across America had a big
picture above the window where you buy your stamps and there was Uncle Sam arm in arm with Uncle Joe
for Joseph Stalin who was our buddy, our bosom buddy.
He was in the post office in every post office
By the end of the war, the American business community was apoplectic
the attempt to crush in the 20s had been first postponed and then lost sight of
Marxists, socialists, communists were EVERYWHERE and it needed a crusade to get rid of them

Chinese: 
与苏联成为了对抗希特勒的盟友
所以美国资本主义和苏联（随你怎么叫）有了正式的伙伴关系
所以美国各地的邮局买邮票的窗户上面都有一幅超大的画
画上面山姆大叔和“约大叔”勾肩搭背
因为约瑟夫·斯大林是我们的战友，推心置腹的战友
邮局有“约大叔”的身影，每个邮局都有
战争结束后，美国商界突然抽风似的翻脸不认人
20年代的扼杀行动，先被萧条耽误了，后被战争转移了视线
马克思主义者，社会主义者，共产主义者到处都是
急需一场圣战，彻底铲除他们

Chinese: 
于是就有了麦卡锡主义
过去的半个世纪，马克思主义在美国完全销声匿迹了
任何与马克思主义有关的人都必须靠边站
具体来说就是他们逮捕了共产党的首脑，把它们驱逐出境或者关起来
然后其他人就开始怕死了
我在哈佛的老师之所以不能教我马克思主义
就是因为他们早就知道，必须离这些思想越远越好
我在耶鲁读完博士以后，被我的一个教授叫去他的办公室
他很有名，有些人认识他，叫詹姆斯·托宾
非常有名的教授，得过诺贝尔经济学奖
他叫我去他办公室，我当时跟他工作，
跟我说，瑞克，你知道你现在做的政治的东西

English: 
McCarthyism
The last half-century is a half century lost in this country for Marxism
Everybody who had anything to do with Marxism forgot about it
To make sure you understood it they arrested the leaders of the Communist Party and deported them or imprisoned them
and everybody else was scared to death
The reason my teachers at Harvard couldn't teach me Marxism
was they had learned early in their careers to keep as far away from all of that stuff as possible
When I was finishing my PhD at Yale, I was called in by one of my professors
The famous man some of you may know his name James Tobin
very famous professor cut a Nobel prize in economics
Call me into his office. I was worked with him and said to me Rick, you know this political stuff you do

English: 
It's gonna destroy your career
and to make it real tangible. He said I won't be able to write letters for you
That's how you get a job if you go in the Ivy League
When you're done, you got a Ph.D.
Your professor writes a letter or makes a phone call and then you got a job
Other people have to submit documents and give talks and have a resume. I never did that.
I went once to Johns Hopkins
Where they wanted me to go and I went to Johns Hopkins and I gave a talk
and the professor said: - Are you ready to give your talk? - Yes.
- So you know something but how about let's have a drink instead? - Okay
So we went to a bar we had a drink
There was no talk. I got the job or for the next day
Other people do that, but people in the Ivy League, don't do that. That's how this country works
So when people in this country get interested in socialism

Chinese: 
会毁了你的前程
后来他挑明了，他说：“我不能帮你写推荐信了。”
如果你想去常青藤名校工作，是这样的
你学业完成后，你有了一个博士学位
你的教授写一封推荐信或者打个电话，然后你就得到一份工作
其他人就得递交材料，做演讲，准备简历
我从来没做过这些
我有一次去约翰霍普金斯大学
他们让我去那做一个讲座
教授说，你准备好做讲座了吗？-对啊
-要不这样吧，我们去喝一杯怎么样？-好吧
所以我们就去酒吧喝酒了
讲座就这样免了，第二天我就得到了工作
别人找工作很麻烦，但是常青藤的人不用
这就是美国的规矩
所以当美国人对社会主义感兴趣的时候

Chinese: 
每一次，他们都得重头开始研究
不过马克思主义是一个绵延一百五十年的深厚传统
存在于各种形式与思想当中
是一个批判资本主义的丰厚传统
以马克思主义之名，有些人不只是批判资本主义
而且去创造一种新的经济制度，不过到现在还不太成功
这并不奇怪，因为马克思想做的不是一个新的经济制度。他也不相信这个
马克思只是对已有制度进行了批判，这也是他擅长的。
如果你是一个资本主义的批评者
我提醒你一下，过去的三周里
盖洛普和哈里斯，美国两家最主要的民调公司，共同发布了以下结果
美国四十岁以下的年轻人对社会主义和资本主义的偏好大约各占一半

English: 
EACH time. they have to rediscover anew
that this is a big fat tradition been around for a hundred and fifty years
exists in many forms, many articulations
it's a rich tradition of criticizing capitalism
In its name, some people have gone beyond criticizing capitalism
To try to create an alternative that hasn't been so successful yet
But that's not so surprising because the project wasn't the alternative. Marx didn't believe in that.
It was the critique of what exists. That's Marxism's strength
and if you're a critic of capitalism and let me remind you in the last three weeks
Both Gallup and Harris two major polling companies in the United States have issued the following result
People forty years of age and younger in this country are roughly split 50-50 in their preference for socialism or capitalism

Chinese: 
两周半以前，我参与了一个小时的节目，
在福克斯新闻
讨论社会主义和资本主义
他们邀请了我和一个年轻的非洲裔女士
她在DSA工作，就是“美国民主社会主义者”
她很不错，表达很清晰。我们俩在社会主义者一边，
而坐在我旁边的代表另一边的是
赫尔曼·凯恩（MMP）
Herman Cain是茶党活动家， 曾参与2012年总统选举，后因性骚扰和通奸指控而终止
Herman Cain是茶党活动家， 曾参与2012年总统选举，后因性骚扰和通奸指控而终止
没错，没错，就是提出9-9-9计划的那个老哥
Herman Cain是茶党活动家， 曾参与2012年总统选举，后因性骚扰和通奸指控而终止
他只是不断地重复同一个观点，如果你去看录像的话，
社会主义从来没在任何地方起过作用
而资本主义在任何地方都很完美，他就一直重复
给我感觉就像，他车马炮都没有的
只会拱卒的，太逊了
但事实上，他就这么说了，而且说得信心满满，信念满满，真的没骗你

English: 
Two and a half weeks ago. I did an hour-long program on Fox News
devoted to capitalism versus socialism where they invited me and a young African-American woman
from the DSA the democratic socialists of America
Very articulate very good, you know the two of us with a socialist side and sitting next to me representing the other side
Was Herman Cain
That's right, that's right, that's right the 9-9-9 men
Who kept repeating the same story if you go look at the clips that socialism has never worked anywhere
and capitalism has always worked wonderfully everywhere. He repeated that
You're not dealing with a full deck here
He doesn't, he doesn't have it
But the fact that he could say it and he says it with real confidence and with, with conviction he does he really does

Chinese: 
肯定是因为他做过巡回演讲，而且没人质疑过他 
他可以随便说什么子午卯酉，大家都点头
所以他就胆敢在公共节目里说同样的话
 大家就都知道，他铁定是个傻逼
别的“挺资派”也差不多，只不过这老哥是个急先锋
但是他们一个接一个地和我们辩论
路易斯·陶诺、尼尔·卡夫托、斯图尔特·瓦尼（都是保守派名嘴）
还有个女的，只有一个名，肯尼迪
没人确定她的身份。也不知道肯尼迪是名还是姓
还是她就不像我们正常人有名也有姓
她最垃圾，整个儿一“自由主义者”
不说她了，来气
我写这本书，因为太多的美国人问这个问题
这是啥？啥是马克思主义？
我心里拔凉拔凉的，我勒个亲娘

English: 
It's because he must circulate in a place where no one ever questions any. You can say this blurrrr and everyone's nods
and so you're Bolden to say it even in there in the public where people will realize what a moron you must be
The others were the same. I mean, he was a bit out front with it
But they also paraded through to debate with us Lou Dobbs, Neil Cavuto, Stuart Varney
and a woman who had only one name. Kennedy. I...
Did no one, no one identified her as having a, I don't know if Kennedy was the first name or the last name
or whether she doesn't need two names like the rest of us
She was the worst she was a libertarian as a whole
Anyway
So this book is written because Americans are now asking questions for in huge numbers.
What is this? What is this? Marxism
About my heart sinks my god

Chinese: 
都9012年了，还问“这是啥？”
过去150年都在干啥呢？
对不？睡过头儿了？咋整的？
另一方面，我又很高兴 
因为他们中的绝大多数开始问问题了
答案反而很简单，如果你们有足够的兴趣，开始问问题了。这才是最重要的
这本书卖得不错，我们自己卖的。
我们没通过一般的出版社。我们也通过出版社出过不少书
这本书卖得好，因为人们感兴趣啊
特别是年轻人，特别感兴趣去弄清楚
美国的资本主义出了什么问题？
如果你想研究这个我们身在其中的制度出了什么问题
目前已经全球化的资本主义体系
迟早你要接触到马克思主义。这是不可避免的
它是现存最完备的资本主义批判传统，不许反驳
不是唯一的一个

English: 
2019 and you're asking a question. What is it like where have you been for 150 years?
Right? You had a long nap. What is this?
On the other hand, I'm elated because they're asking the question that's, that's nine-tenths of it
The answer is easy if they're getting you interested enough, they ask the question that matters
and the book is selling we produced this ourselves. We didn't go through a regular publisher
I published a lot of books regularly and the book is selling because there's interest
There's interest trying to figure it out young people particularly, but others too, are trying to figure out
what's wrong with American capitalism?
And if you're gonna study what's wrong with the system, we live in capitalism, which is now global
Sooner or later, you're gonna come to Marxism. There's no way to avoid that.
It is the single most developed critical tradition of capitalism there is. Period.

Chinese: 
但是拥有最多的人，在不同文化背景下围绕着马克思主义发展他们的思想
也因马克思主义而产生了他们现实中的悲剧、成功和失败
不论是革命，组织工会，进行罢工还是别的运动
这种马克思主义传统，连同许多其他的分支和其他流派
这些流派彼此分歧很大
这是最完备的资料库
如果你要批判资本主义，又不接触马克思主义
那就是二
就像是我想去树林里去烤野肉，但是等一下
火柴 是什么鬼屌玩意儿？
你可以拿着这个叫“火柴”的小木棍生火啊。你也可以用别的方法，
但是人类已经发明火柴了啊

English: 
It's not the only one but it's the one that the most number of people
In every culture have developed their thinking around
have developed their tragedies and their successes and their failures around practical ones
whether it's to make a revolution or organize a union or have a strike or whatever it is that people do
This is, this tradition of Marxism with its many different formulations and different strands
including many that don't agree with each other at all
it's the single most developed repository to become a critic of capitalism
and not engage Marxism, that's crazy
that's like saying I want to go into the woods and make a nice fire to cook something but
What's this silly crap about matches?
I mean you could take this stick. There are other ways, but you people have developed the match

English: 
It goes in your pocket done way a lot. It'll save you one hell of a lot of time
Marxism is that. It'll save (your time). It won't answer every question, won't solve every problem, not at all
and there are mistakes and screw-ups all over the place
but it is
it is what we've developed the most sophisticated development in the history of the anti-capitalist movement
To not engage it to not learn it to not milk out of it, all of the insights, that could help take us to the next step
That's nuts
That's not smart. That's stupid
My education was defective in the United States because my teachers were afraid
They didn't reject Marxism. They didn't know what it was
They knew it wasn't safe
They were just scared
and they didn't have the decency to admit it would have saved my generation a lot

Chinese: 
你可以揣很多火柴在兜里，比钻木取火省时间啊
马克思主义就是火柴，能帮你省时间
但不能回答所有疑问，解决所有难题，完全不能
而且到处都有错误和混乱
但是太重要了
它是有史以来反资本主义运动最复杂的思想体系
如果不去接触、学习、消化这些能帮助我们进步的洞察
不是二是啥啊？
不是一，肯定是二
我在美国受的教育是有缺陷的
因为我的老师们都怂了
他们不是反对马克思主义。他们连马克思主义是啥都不知道啊
他们只知道这玩意儿很危险
他们只是怂了
他们没脸承认这一点
他们本可以让我这一代受益良多

Chinese: 
好吧你们怂了。倒是告诉我啊。应该告诉我为啥，但他们不想让我丢了工作
我懂了啊，明白了，好吧
但是我还是很气
你们没教我本应该知道的东西
而且还不告诉我，你们没脸承认自己怂了
所以我觉得现在是时候告诉你们了
玛利亚，咱们开车
我们让人们提问题，问题就纷至沓来
问题总共有……最后有多少个来着？
人们知道我今晚答疑，提了200多个问题
所以我们选一些回答。啥？
别别别
好，第一个问题来自于Nacio Ramirez,
他问，为了消除剥削，您曾建议成立工人合作社
实话说，这目标太遥远了

English: 
Okay, you're scared. Tell me why. they would have told me why. They don't want me to lose my job.
I understand that I get that. Okay
Instead, I'm angry
You didn't teach me things I should have learned
and you didn't have the decency to tell me you were too afraid to do it
So I thought the time is to do it now
Maria, start us off
We ask people are sending questions we've been overwhelmed
the number of questions it came to, how many in the end?
Over 200 questions of people who knew we were going to do this tonight. So we've selected some. What?
No, no, no
Okay, so the first question comes to us from Nacio Ramirez,
and he asks, to end exploitation, you've suggested worker coops
honestly, it's taken too long to get there

English: 
can some of this be blamed on the so-called progressive policies that somewhat aim to help the poor
Had we gone full-blown capitalism with minimal or no help to the poor.
I knew New Deal and the Great Depression
Do you think the transition to a democratic workplace would have been sooner and quicker?
What would mark say about the progressive agenda?
Union Social Security unemployment benefits that
even though help a little bit hindered the transition to a more democratic workplace
Do you think it would go progressive agenda by agenda
until we finally make the transition to have a more revolutionary transition
or have a more of a revolutionary transition and
The second question. I'm just gonna
It's also about revolution. So I'm just gonna read it Robert Han asks of a similar question
Understanding that socialism preceded Marx and that is focused on the analysis of capitalism, not socialism

Chinese: 
是不是旨在帮助穷人的所谓改良政策，要承担一部分责任？
我们是不是已经变成了全面的资本主义，不给穷人很多帮助？
我知道罗斯福新政和大萧条
你认为工作场所的民主化是不是本可以更快一点？
马克思会如何评价改良议程？
比如说，工会社会保障失业救济金
即使能有点儿作用，但是妨碍了工作场所的民主化
你觉得这种转变能够一点儿一点儿地改良
直到我们最终达成一种彻底的转变吗？
还是需要直接追求彻底的转变？
还有一个问题，我要……别起哄
也是个关于革命的问题，Robert Han问了一个问题，我读一下
在我看来，社会主义比马克思主义更好，因为后者只分析了资本主义

English: 
Howard Marks evaluates Social Democratic efforts like the New Deal and Great Society programs of the 20th century US
to reform capitalism as opposed to overthrowing capitalism via peaceful or violent revolution
So they're both questions about the need for revolution
right this question of reform versus revolution is very old.
It's been part of the left debates before Marx, during Marx's time and since
It arises perennially.
And so it's perfectly appropriate and reasonable that it would be raised again now
There's a lot of ways of putting it. Let me be as blunt about it as, in the interest of time, as I can
So reform
All the word reform has ever meant is that you leave the basic system there
either because you believe it isn't such a bad system or

Chinese: 
霍华德·马克斯肯定了社会主义民主的努力，
比如美国二十世纪的罗斯福新政和“伟大社会”计划
Great Society是林登·约翰逊总统在六十年代发起的一系列改革， 旨在彻底消除贫困和种族不公正
Great Society是林登·约翰逊总统在六十年代发起的一系列改革， 旨在彻底消除贫困和种族不公正
这些计划的目的是改革，而不是以和平或暴力革命的方式推翻资本主义
Great Society是林登·约翰逊总统在六十年代发起的一系列改革， 旨在彻底消除贫困和种族不公正
所以这两个问题都是关于是否需要革命的
好的，改革还是革命，这是个古老的问题
一直是左派争论的一部分，从马克思之前直到现在都是
这个问题常常出现
现在这个问题又出现了，这是应该的。
有很多论证的方法。由于时间关系，我尽可能说得直接一点
说到改革
改革的意思从来都是，不触及基本制度层面
有时候是因为觉得这个制度并不坏

English: 
It's too much to undertake to change it. Let's go step by step
Let's change this aspect of it. Let's change that aspect of it
and let's hope a (situation)
that it makes things tangibly better for people in the short-run
and that over time people will kind of get an appetite for more of this
until they kind of step-by-step bring the big change about
Sometimes it's got been called gradualism. It has a variety of names.
What are some of the reforms that people critical of capitalism have offered
Actually, there are loads of them. Here are a few: a minimum wage
You intervene in the bargaining between capital and labor
and you say this has reduced working-class people to levels of poverty that are unacceptable
So we're going to intervene with the government and have a law: you can't pay less than this

Chinese: 
有时候是因为制度层面的改变太难了，得一步一步来
改改这里，改改那里
希望出现的情况是
让人们在短期内能感觉到实惠
然后渐渐地人们开始会要求更多这种改变
直到一步步地带来更大的改变
有时候被称为“渐进主义”，还有很多别的名字
那这些资本主义批评人士给出的改革都有什么呢？
其实有很多。我说几个例子：最低工资
也就是干预资本和劳工之间的谈判
跟他们说，劳工的工资降到这种水平，会让他们陷入贫困，这是不能接受的
所以政府要介入，制定法律
工资不能低于一定水平
这就叫最低工资，如果工资低于这个水平

English: 
It's a minimum wage. And if you pay less than that, we're going to arrest you shut your business and put you in jail
which is a powerful argument and then you... That's a reform.
Here's another one. You can't let interest rates go above 20%
30% they don't want to get it too straighten
So, you know that, that's a cap, a cap on interest rates.
That's a kind of a policy like that
An Earned Income Credit if you know how the tax system in this country works
These are all reforms a welfare program that says if you're out of...
employment insurance, you lose your job
we're the government we're going to collect taxes and we're gonna give you some money
to get through the unemployment, not gonna let you just be destroyed
by the way, capitalism works and then we depriving you of a job.
These are reforms they don't fundamentally order a different economic system

Chinese: 
那就得逮捕你，查封你的公司，让你坐牢
这是一个有力的论点。这就是改革的一种
再说一个，禁止20%以上的高利贷
或者30%吧，太紧了也不好
所以，你懂的，这是利率的上限
就是这一类的政策
或者获得所得税抵免，如果你了解美国的税收系统的话
这些都属于改革，一种福利制度，比如说你……
失业保险也是，如果你丢了工作
政府会收了税
会给你一些钱
让你度过难关，而不是让你自生自灭
顺便说一下，按照资本主义的逻辑，只会剥夺你的工作，不会给你补偿的
这些就是改革，不会建立新的经济制度

English: 
and people have been very, typically, impatient about this
Why? It seems that take a long time?
It seems to leave a lot of bad things while you fix this one
even let's be a little bit daring, the New Deal
The New Deal said if you're 65 years of age or older
We're going to give you a check every month until the rest of your life Wow
We never did that before that's an intrusion into capital that makes older people have something to fall back on
and makes younger people less burden by taking care of their parents, etc, etc.
So social security as part of the New Deal
Minimum wage that was part of the New Deal
Unemployment insurance. We never had those things before the 1930s
Government jobs on a massive scale that was also in 1930s
These are reforms
What does it mean that they didn't change the basic system? That is interesting?
They didn't take private enterprises away from the people who owned them

Chinese: 
通常的情况是人们会失去耐心
为啥？要花的时间太长了
而且在小修小补的时候也会遗留不少问题。
即使是略微激进的改革，比如说罗斯福新政
罗斯福新政规定，65岁及以上的老人
每个月都会得到一笔钱，终生享有，
我勒个亲娘，破天荒啊
这是对资本主义原则的侵犯啊，让老人有了指靠啦
让年轻人减少了赡养的负担了，等等
所以社会保险是新政的一部分
最低工资也是新政的一部分
还有失业保险。1930年代以前从来没有过
同样在1930年代，政府还提供了大量的工作岗位
这些都是改革
不触及基本制度层面是啥意思呢？这个有意思了
就是不把私营企业从资本家那里收归国有

English: 
They didn't reorganize the production process
the simplest way to describe it is instead of there being...
Here be very simple in your thinking. Don't don't be complicated because these are not complicated issues
A small number of people run every business. the owner, the board of directors
These are small numbers of people 2 6 9 12
and then there's the mass of the employees who can number in the tens of thousands
or in the case of Walmart millions
So that the number of people who run the enterprise is very small
and the number of people who work in the enterprise is very large
and who makes all the decision? The small group.
And who has to live with the decision the big group
that's not democracy folks
that's the opposite
Democratic workplace would say everybody has an equal vote, you know
Like everybody has a vote for the mayor in the town

Chinese: 
不重新组织生产流程
简单来说就是，并不是……
在这儿你要想得简单点儿。别想得太复杂，因为这就不是复杂的问题
每个企业都是由一小部分人掌握的，老板，董事会
他们数量很少。2个6个9个12个
与之相对是大量的员工，可达上万人
沃尔玛的话，有上百万员工
就是说，掌握企业的人是很少的
但是在企业工作的人却很多
谁来做所有的决策？少数人
谁接受这些决策？多数人
这一点儿也不民主啊，同志们
而正好相反
民主化的工作场所就是指每个人都有权投票
就像是每个人都有权选市长一样

Chinese: 
因为你得接受市长做的决策，所以你有权选市长
但是在公司你得接受老板做的决策，却没有任何投票权
你想想看多有意思，一个自恃民主的国家
却把工作场所排除在民主的需求之外了
但人们一周五天都在工作，整个成年时期都是这样
应该在工作场所实行民主啊，如果你相信民主的话
当然我们不相信民主
我们假装很信，其实不然
而革命性的改变则是改变所有这些
就是说企业是大家公有制的财产
企业的运营应该是大家的事
按照民主的方式喽
这才是彻底的改变
而这种彻底的改变
是社会主义者，共产主义者，马克思主义者
还有无政府主义者等等分支一直在拥护的

English: 
Because the mayor makes decisions you have to live with so you get to vote for the mayor
Yeah, but the boss in your workplace makes decisions you have to live with you get to vote on nothing
How interesting a country committed to democracy
excludes the workplace from the demand for democracy
But the workplace where 5 out of 7 days your entire adult life you spend
Democracy should have been Introduced there if you believe in it
Which clearly we don't
we pretend to, but we don't
A revolutionary change will change all of that
would say that enterprises are the property of everybody
and that the operation of an enterprise should be everybody's concerned, you know, democratic way
That would be a fundamental change
It's the kind of fundamental change that
socialists and communists and Marxists
and anarchists of many stripes have endorsed for a long time

English: 
So the question is are you a reformist or are you a revolutionary?
That issue has divided people terribly
The people who are impatient and want to make a revolution don't want to be sidetracked by all these little things
They see that the basic problem is the system
On the other hand, people have a hard time getting their head around the notion: change your system
The system is very complicated. The system has many parts
You don't know quite where to start not everybody sees the system the same way
A particular reform is kind of more definable and focused
So it becomes a practical question and not just a theoretical one
The resolution MOST have come to, not all, not by a long shot
but the revolution most have come to is that
This debate is more abstract than helpful

Chinese: 
所以问题是，你是个改革派还是个革命派？
这个问题让人们有了很大的分歧
失去耐心想要革命的人根本不想为小修小补分心
他们看到了最本质的问题，制度
另一方面，人们很难转变观念，来改变制度本身
制度太复杂了，有很多部分
也不知道从哪着手做，别人也不一定和你的看法一致
特定的改革看起来更容易定义，能集中力量做
所以这变成了一个实际的问题，不只是理论问题了
而争论的结果通常是……不是所有的，也不是长远的结果
而争论的结果通常是
争论本身太抽象了，没什么用

English: 
in other words, The left movement for socialism have always ended up doing both things to varying degrees
If the conditions allow you to make a frontal attack on the system, you go for it
If the conditions don't allow you, you don't just throw in the towel.
Well, we can't make a revolution. So what we do? Go to the beach?
No! you go and you start pushing on those things that people will work with you
where you can get masses of people
and you hope Marx's idea and the idea of many Marxist since
you hope that the struggles for reform
Become schools in which those who get caught up in this struggle learn in a very concrete way
Why the reform isn't enough?
You struggle real hard and you have a minimum wage?

Chinese: 
换句话说，社会主义的左翼运动总是两方面的工作都做，只是程度不同
如果条件允许正面攻击体制，那就开干呗
如果条件不允许，你也别GG投降
完了，革命不成，咋办呢？去放风筝吗？
别介啊，去推动那些人们愿意与你合作的项目啊
这样你能团结大众
寄希望于马克思及其继承者的思想能够传播
寄希望于这种改革的斗争会成为学校，
改革失败的人们再其中能实在地学到一点
为什么光是改革是远远不够的
在你艰难的斗争下，争取到了最低工资

English: 
And then you have one and then how much has changed?
Okay
and then you discover also that if it's capitalism and you get reform and you don't change the system
you'll discover pretty quick
that capitalism fights you to prevent you from getting the reform
If they lose and you get the reform they don't stop fighting
they try to take it away and because you've left them in a position of power
They own their enterprises they grab the wealth
you leave them with the very means to undo the reforms you will have struggled so hard to win
so that the idea the hope is that the struggle for the reform
produces the revolutionary who recognizes after a while
that the revolution is the only way to make those reforms stick to make them permanent

Chinese: 
有就有呗，有多少改变呢？
对吗？
然后你会发现，如果你不改变资本主义制度，只求改革的话
你会很快发现
整个资本主义都在与你对抗，不让你改革
即使没能成功阻止你改革，他们也不会罢手
他们会试图收回改革的成果，因为你仍然让他们掌权
他们掌握着企业，聚敛财富
你让他们仍然有办法取消改革成果，你还得再一次去斗争
所以我的意思是要希望改革的斗争，一定要能够促进革命的发生
使人们逐渐认识到，只有革命成功，这些改革成果才能固定下来，永远存在

English: 
To not work so hard to get something and then see it all undone
In the 1930s the United States got the New Deal
In the fifty years since then, it was taken back
Most of it is gone.
You can't live on social security. Oh, my dear, social security was you could live on it. You can't possibly
I mean there may be some people in the room that are doing it, but they consuming a lot of cat food
You can't you can't
The minimum wage has been abused.
When was the last time they raised it in 1997 or something like that? It's just disgusting
The inflation erodes it all the time. They don't they keep it up and it's just they can take it away
You don't change the system you created.
It's like having a war and at the end of it country A defeats country B
What does country A do does it leave in the hands of country B all the tanks all the bullets all the guns?

Chinese: 
而不是艰难地斗争之后，眼看着改革成果消失
1930年代，美国实行了新政
50年以后，新政就被收回了
多数政策都没影了
你的社保没了，乖乖，之前你能指望着社保，现在想都不要想
在座的可能就有在社保工作的人，但是他们买了不少猫粮
这段我不太懂，弹幕大神麻烦解释一下，和猫粮有啥关系？
这样是不行的
最低工资已经被用烂了
上一次最低工资上涨是1997年还是什么时候了？
真是恶心
通胀一直有，最低工资也不跟着涨
改革成果都是能收回的
如果你不改变制度……
就像一场战争，最终甲国打败了乙国
甲国会怎么做？难道把剩下的军备都给乙国吗？所有的坦克、枪和子弹？

Chinese: 
千万别这么干，这些人正生战败的气呢，总有一天他们会用这些对付我们的
最好干点儿别的，防止发生这样的情况。让他们缴械之类的。
改革派发现如果他们不改变制度
美国就是活生生的例子，1930年代资本主义动摇过
在1930年代，那些对抗资本主义的人们，共产主义者，社会主义者还有工会
他们有过革命的想法，他们真的这么想的
记得共产党，就在十几年前，在俄国就革命成功了
他们有一个实在的例子告诉他们能做到什么
他们也想在美国革命
但是罗斯福很聪明，他来对付这些革命派
他说，你知道吗，我会给很多你们想要的东西
你们想要的“改革”
条件就是，你们不能再提革命的事了
你们不能再提了，再也不提。告诉和你们一伙的共产党和社会党闭嘴

English: 
Don't do that. Those people are mad that they lost they're gonna use that and fight another day
So you better do some more so that doesn't happen, disarm them or something
Reformers discovered that if they don't change the system
Look that's America in the 1930s capitalism tottered
The people who confronted capitalism in the 1930s the Communists socialists and unions
They talked about revolution and they meant it
remember the Communists. That was only a few years after what happened in Russia
They had a concrete example of what they could have done and they thought about doing that here
But Roosevelt was a very clever leader and he came back to them and he said you know what?
I'm gonna give you a lot of the things you want
The REFORMS you're demanding
But the condition is I don't want to hear about revolution anymore. You got to stop that talk
that's got to stop. you got to turn on those communists and socialists in your rank and...

English: 
stop talking about it
and they agreed there were always a few didn't but the bulk of the communism socialism agreed
and Roosevelt was good for his word.
He gave them social security. He gave them unemployment.
He gave them a minimum wage and he gave him 15 million government jobs.
It was amazing what he did
But they got the reforms
They didn't get the revolution. Who knows if they could have. But they didn't, they didn't make that effort
And here we are. 70 years later
discovering that two-thirds of what they got in the 1930s, they've lost
that's why the revolution we cry today is another New Deal
a green one
I'm in favor of this. there nothing I... I love AOC all of that I do, I do, I do
But
You have to face what this is so the reform and revolution

Chinese: 
都闭嘴
他们就同意了，当然总有小部分不同意，但是大多数共产党社会党都同意了
罗斯福也信守承诺了
给了他们社保，给了失业保险
给了最低工资，还给了一千五百万的政府工作岗位
他做的不要太好
但是改革终究只是改革
他们没革命，谁知道革命了会怎么样，但是他们没有，没去斗争
然后就到了今天，70年过去了
我们发现三分之二的改革成果都消失了
这就是为什么我们呼吁革命，但是竟然呼吁另一个新政？？？
绿色新政
我支持绿色新政，别误会，我也喜爱AOC及其同仁
AOC，亚历山德里娅·奥卡西奥-科尔特斯， 美国85后众议员，绿色新政的发起者之一，美女，大家去搜照片
然而
AOC，亚历山德里娅·奥卡西奥-科尔特斯， 美国85后众议员，绿色新政的发起者之一，美女，大家去搜照片
但是你得面对事实。所以改革还是革命
AOC，亚历山德里娅·奥卡西奥-科尔特斯， 美国85后众议员，绿色新政的发起者之一，美女，大家去搜照片

Chinese: 
说回改革还是革命，我想马克思会说
你要去为激励广大劳动者而斗争
因为别只为了斗争的小目标
而是斗争的过程可以积累很多经验
组织的好处，不同团体联盟的好处
使人们摒弃分歧，共同协作所需要的手段和技巧
这些经验才是意义深远的
这些经验留下来了，即使你要斗争的东西并非如你所愿
这是一个优秀的左翼领袖最重要的事
我给你们总结的也正是马克思主义者的想法
马克思主义者和其他人的不同，不在于是否为改革而斗争
是如何为改革而斗争

English: 
I think Marx would have been one of those to say
you fight for what can be moved forward for the mass of the working people
because it's never just what you're fighting for
It's the process of the fighting that teaches many lessons
The benefits of organization the benefits of unity of different groups
The tactics and strategy needed to overcome all of our differences so that we can act in a solidary way
all of those lessons are profound
and they can be learned even if the thing you are struggling for isn't what you wish it would be
the trick of good leaders on the Left
Marxists if they thought about and read all of what I'm summarizing for you would be precisely
That the difference between a Marxist and another is not whether or not you fight for reform
It's how you fight for reform. Do you do it as an end in itself?

Chinese: 
你是为了改革而改革？
还是你以改革为阶梯，去追求彻底的革命？
而且认为革命是唯一能保全改革成果的方式
你这样做了以后，改革还是革命的二分法就消解了
然后成为彼此的一部分，我想这才是马克思主义者
是的
“革命的学校”是个不错的比喻，我们用别的比喻也行
我还想论证一点，因为玛利亚可能还会说到一个问题
就是工会的角色，一直有一个观点
一个马克思主义的观点，就是工会是一个重要的学习过程
或者就叫学校吧，斗争的学校，能帮你理解为何要反对雇主的学校
理解雇主是怎么工作的，还有雇主的技巧与方法
没错，一次罢工并不能改变社会制度

English: 
OR do you do it as a step and a stage to something fundamentally revolutionary
which you think is the only way to secure whatever reform you get
You do things that way then the dichotomy between the two kind of falls away
and they become parts of one another and I think that's the Marxist
Yes
Schools for revolutions be as good a phrase as any and one of the many that have been used
one of the arguments because it's another question that Maria will probably get to
Is about the role of unions, it has always been the idea
Marxist idea that the union is an important learning process
school if you like a school for struggle a school to understand what you're up against the employer
and how the employer works and how the employers' tactics and strategy involved
Yes, a strike is not a change of the social system

English: 
but it is an important battle and in other that battle you have learned things and you develop solidarities
that can be then worked on for different and broader objectives
so you shouldn't see it as either/or. The debate, is this enough or not, is academic in the negative sense
That we need fighting everywhere
We need reforms to be fought for and if it's possible more to be fought for
And when you fight for reforms always in the back of your mind
the lesson that has to be learned you hope by people struggling for reform is the need for more
More than that much of what I do the last several years
Has been to hammer at the point some of you listen or watched the shows we do
This is a systemic problem for Americans. It's a new thought
For many, in the notion that this is a system we're battling.
Not just Mr.Trump or not, but this is a system

Chinese: 
但是通过一次又一次地战斗，人们能够学到东西，而且更加团结
然后才能够朝着其他更大的目标前进
所以不应该视其为二选一的问题，光改革行不行这种争论太学术了，没卵用
我们要在所有层面发起斗争
不仅为改革而斗争，条件允许的话，就要更进一步
而且当你为改革而斗争的时候，要一直清楚
希望人们能通过斗争积累经验，目的是更进一步
不能止步于我在最近几年的工作
我不断在强调一点，你们在我们的节目里面也听过
美国的体制出了问题。这个想法很新鲜
很多人不了解，我们在对抗整个体制
绝不止是反对川普而已，是整个体制

English: 
and if you don't understand and change that system
You're gonna be very frustrated about the other things you do focus yourself on
Understanding that this system is the ultimate problem is also a way to handle DEFEAT in struggles for reform
Don't make the reform everything because then when you lose you lose the people
Because they feel frustrated they feel lost. They feel hopeless, very dangerous
Something the other side understands all too well.
That's why they fight against even little reforms that wouldn't fundamentally shake them. They Understand.
Yeah, yeah. Yes, it wouldn't shake us but we don't want that taste for victory that comes out of solidarity
We want that. They don't want that
They don't
All right, I apologize for messing up this person's name Christopher Radabaugh Paul
Asks, what were some of Marx's biggest mistakes

Chinese: 
如果你不能理解并改变这个体制
你会对你现在做的事感到沮丧
理解体制是病根，也能帮人们处理好改革斗争的失败
不要只为了改革而改革，因为到时候人心会散的
因为人们会沮丧，会失望，会绝望。这是很危险的
而资本家太了解这一点了
这就是为什么他们阻止哪怕很小的不会动摇他们地位的改革。因为他们明白。
没错，小改革不会影响什么，但是一点儿胜利的甜头就会促进团结
当然我们希望团结，而资本家不希望
他们绝不希望
不好意思，我不会读这个人的名字，可能叫 Christopher Radabaugh Paul
他问，马克思有哪些重大的错误？

Chinese: 
他要如何为发生在俄国、中国和柬埔寨的暴行负责？
把这些政府算作马克思主义政府是否合理？
我想得把马克思的错误和剩下的问题分开。
这些对马克思当然很不公平，因为他1883年就死了
那时候还没有苏联呢
对一个1883年就死了的人，让他对死后34年的事情负责
多少有点儿不合理吧。我就不再解释了
至于他的错误，各式各样的都有。简单说几个吧
马克思觉得他欠了资本主义分析家很多
因为从他们那学到了太多东西
我们可能有时间探讨的问题是，有人问我马克思的其他作品

English: 
and in what ways was he responsible for the atrocities committed by Russia China Cambodia?
And can those governments legitimately be considered Marxist
I want to separate that the Marxist mistakes from all those other things.
I mean there's a certain unfairness that Marx was dead in 1883
There was no Soviet Union
and to hold him accountable who died in 1883 for some happened 34 years later
seems somewhat unreasonable. So I'm not gonna go there
Mistakes, all kinds of things, Marx, just give you a few ideas
Marx thought that he owed a great deal to the
Analysts of capitalism from whom he learned
One of the questions we may have time for they came asked me to talk about some of the other works Marx did

Chinese: 
针对人们不同的兴趣，该阅读哪些作品？
有一部作品鲜为人知
其实我没见过有人教这本书，我一直教，但是只有我们几个
但是马克思写过一部三卷本的著作
不是《资本论》，这个太有名，人人都知道，而是《剩余价值理论》
完全不同的两本书
也有三卷，三本很大的书。他们是什么呢？是马克思保存的笔记
这里面记录了所有他读过的已知经济思想家
我说过他是个难民，成年后多数时间住在伦敦
他在不列颠博物馆工作，伦敦中心的一个很有名的建筑
在那他读了所有馆藏的经济学著作。这对他很受用
顺便一说，书里面对亚当·斯密的分析老长老长

English: 
what should you read for your different kinds of interest?
But one of the works Marx wrote very poorly known
In fact, I'm not aware of hardly anybody who(teach about) I always did but there were a few of us
But Marx wrote a three-volume work
Not called Das Kapital which is the famous one everybody knows but called Theories of Surplus-value
completely different work
Also, three bonds three fat books and what they are are notebooks kept by Marx
notebooks when he read all the preceding thinkers of economics
You know he was a refugee as I told you he lived in London most of his adult life
and he worked in the British Museum a very famous structure in the middle of London
and there he read all of the literature of Economics that was gathered there. It's very useful for him
by the way LONG analysis of Adam Smith

Chinese: 
对大卫·李嘉图的分析也老长老长
如果你认识这些主要的古典经济学家。他们是肯定资本主义的
他极为仔细地看了这些书，并做了详细的笔记
记录了在这些书里，他喜欢什么，借鉴了什么
反对什么以及为什么反对
你再也找不到…至少我当经济学教授一辈子了
经济学成为一门学科以来，极为少有这样思想家
为自己的作品做了如此周密的准备工作
其实在美国只有一人能够与之比肩，他也是个移民
我记得是俄裔，名字你们可能听过，叫约瑟夫·熊彼特
是一个哈佛教授，写了一本经济思想史的书，有这么厚
如果一个学者想对经济学有系统了解，最伟大书，没有之一

English: 
LONG analysis of David Ricardo,
if you know someone the names of major thinkers in the tradition of economics, pro-capitalist economics
and he read them in great detail and he kept very careful notes
what he liked in what he read from them what he took from them
What he rejected and why he rejected it.
You will not find, I'm a professor of economics done this all my life,
There are very few in the history of economics as a discipline very few thinkers
Whoever did that kind of preparation for the work they did
In fact here in the United States is really only one who was an immigrant also
Believed from Russia man. the name you may know Joseph Schumpeter.
He was a professor at Harvard. He wrote a book the history of economic thought. It is a book that fat
It is the great book that Americans and many others study to get a sense of the discipline

Chinese: 
马克思也做了同熊彼特一样详尽的工作，你能清楚地看到他借鉴了什么
你可能会惊讶，他从斯密和李嘉图那借鉴来的思想之一，就是劳动价值理论
如果你学过马克思主义，有些二把刀老师会告诉你
这是马克思发明的，其实不是。
斯密就有劳动价值理论，李嘉图也有
马克思很乐见他们的这个理论
他借鉴了，而且在《剩余价值理论》中花大篇幅感谢了他们
然后他应用在了自己的思想中。按自己的逻辑修正了理论，并用在了别处
但是他坦承这是欠他们的
马克思的想法之一是，他以为他能解释价格
就是应用了劳动价值理论后，经济中出现的价格

English: 
Marx did as much work as Schumpeter ever did and you can really see what Marx takes
Well, one of the things he takes from Smith and Ricardo which may surprise some of you is the labor theory of value
many of you have, if you've studied this stuff at all, had been told by a teacher who does not know
that this is a Marxian invention. it is not
Smith had a labor theory of value so did Ricardo
Marx liked that they did that
He took that from them and he thanks them at a great length in the theories of surplus-value
He then did his own thing with it. He changed the theory for his purposes and used it in ways they didn't
but he acknowledges his debt to them.
Well, one of the things Marx did was he thought He could explain Prices
the prices that occur in the economy by using the labor theory of value

English: 
He didn't do it he just thought you could do it. That's a mistake. You can't do that
the labor theory of value is a theory of value and value is not the same thing as a price
and you have to (distinguish)
There's a way of going through that in the material.
If had time, I would teach that to you. I do that in my classes all the time,
but he kind of mumbled these together. He wanted people to get excited about the theory of value.
So he said it could help understand prices
and the reason he did that is because most people in his time as in ours
Think that explaining prices is what economics is about
That's what I was taught
Harvard and Yale, that's what economics is about, explain why it why the price of a shirt is $3 and not $300
That's a big question
You know if you live in a market economy where everything is a matter of price
You can see why people want to understand prices kind of urgent
But that was not Marx's issue. He wasn't interested in studying prices.

Chinese: 
但是没成功。他以为可以。这就是他的一个错误。这事成不了
劳动价值理论说的是价值，而价值和价格不是一回事
你得把他们分开
在书里有一种论证方法
有时间我就教给你们了，我上课这些都是教的。
但是他搞混了。他想让人们为劳动价值论而兴奋
所以在书里说这能帮助理解价格
他这么做的原因是，大多数他那个时代的人，现在也一样
觉得经济学就是用来解释价格的
我的老师就是这么教我的
哈佛耶鲁的经济学就是这样的，解释为啥衬衫的价格是三块而不是三百块
这个问题老大了
如果你生活在市场经济中，一切都是价格问题
你肯定了解为什么人们如此急切地想要理解价格
但那不是马克思的课题，他对价格研究不感冒

Chinese: 
他感兴趣的是研究资本主义制度及其变革
所以方向走错了。再说一个
他以为欧洲是世界上最发达的部分
按现在的话说，他多少有点儿欧洲中心主义
他对世界别的地方发生的事挺感兴趣的
但是他却陷入了“先进还是落后”的观念中
这是那个时代的一部分，他也不能免俗
影响别人的观念也影响他。但是回想起来，我还是得说，这影响不好
他还有一个错误
他没处理好和他创建的组织之间的关系
就是“国际工人慈善协会”

English: 
He was interested in studying capitalism as a system and change
So it was a mistake to go in that direction. Here's another one
He thought that Europe was the most developed part of the world
He was, what we would nowadays call, somewhat Eurocentric
he was very interested in what had happened in other parts of the world
but he did buy into a good bit of the notion of the advanced and the primitive
and that the part of his time. He wasn't separate from his time
He was influenced by the things that influenced you. In retrospect, we would say Hm, Nah, not so good
He had another mistake
He didn't handle the relationship between the organization he started
which was called the International workingmen's Benevolent Association

Chinese: 
他1864年创办的，也就是“第一国际”
和之后的第二和第三国际有关系，他创办的是第一个
和他一起的另一个创办人，叫巴枯宁
一个俄国的无政府主义者
因为当时马克思主义者和无政府主义者感觉很亲密
但是几年后就分道扬镳了
各走各路了
自此以后，两个主义的关系就时好时坏
想把他们合在一起的人之一，就是俄国领导人列宁
他相信俄国革命的目标之一
就是达成他所说的，国家的消亡
括弧，这可说到全世界每个无政府主义者的心坎里了
所以他尝试建立一种联盟

English: 
an organization he founded in 1864 which was the first international,
you know, they were later the second international and the third that he organized the first one
and he did that together with a man named Bakunin
an anarchist from Russia
Because the anarchists and the Marxists felt very close
But they had a falling-out after a few years
They went their separate ways
and the relationship between anarchism and Marxism has been kind of rocky on and off ever since
One of the people who tried to put it back together again was the Russian leader Lenin
Who believed that one of the goals of the Russian Revolution
was to accomplish what he called the withering away of the state
Remark, which every anarchist in the world enjoys deeply
It was an attempt to rebuild an alliance

English: 
That's going on in this country too, as anarchism has an attraction, particularly for newly engaged leftists
partly because it's a way to be very leftist without getting close to that Marxism, which is scary
Anarchism hasn't been the focus. It was once in American history.
You all know the origin, I assume, of May Day
May Day is the celebration and every country of the earth, except this one
of workers and of the Solidarity of workers and of the revolutionary spirit
May Day is one, you know, the workers march and down the streets of Paris or Rome or London or Moscow or Beijing
It's the holiday everywhere
In this country, the anti-communism after world war II was so intense that they ended May day
and moved it to labor day
So it wouldn't happen at the beginning of the summer in May but in September, I mean this is childish shit
But you live in it

Chinese: 
在美国也一样，因为无政府主义有一种吸引力，特别对于新手左派
部分原因是这是一种极左倾向，又能跟可怕的马克思主义划清界限
无政府主义已经不火了。但是在美国历史上曾经火过
我猜你们都知道五一劳动节的来历（@五月天）
全世界都过五一劳动节，只有美国不过
是劳动者的节日，纪念团结和革命精神
过节的时候劳动者会上街庆祝，不论是巴黎、罗马、伦敦、北京还是莫斯科
是世界性的节日
在美国，二战后的反共行动是如此地激烈，以至于终止了五一劳动节
把它变成了美国劳动节
所以不是在五月初过，而是在九月份
要我说，这就是童子屎
你们就身在其中

English: 
Right, so do I
But when did May Day start it started in Chicago. This is a double irony
The whole world celebrates a holiday for the working class whose origin is American
which is the one place that doesn't celebrate. Why? Because there was a demonstration in Chicago
A demonstration fighting for the eight-hour day that the day wouldn't be too long
workers have always tried to shorten the working day
and it kind of got out of hand and a policeman or two were killed
and they arrested a whole bunch of anarchists
and executed a number of them for that crime and it was felt to be a frame-up and ...
And became a national holiday,
so it's an American holiday that the rest of the world celebrates
and America doesn't and it comes out of the same kind of...
Uh...Same kind of issue
- Another one? - Yeah, Greg Chun asks, he's a freshman organizer in Cornell College

Chinese: 
对不？我也一样
但是五一劳动节起源于芝加哥啊，这是个双重讽刺啊
全世界的劳动者都庆祝这个起源于美国的节日
而只有美国不庆祝。为啥？因为当时芝加哥有一个示威游行
为了争取八小时工作制，这样工作日不会太长
劳工总是试图缩短工作时长
然后场面有些失控，死了一两个警察
于是就逮捕了一大堆无政府主义者
其中一些因为袭警罪而被处决，人们认为他们是被陷害的，等等吧
于是就成为了一个全国性纪念日
所以这是个其他国家庆祝的美国节日
而美国反而不庆祝。而且出于同样的……
同样的问题
-下一题 -好，Greg Chun问，他是康奈尔大学的新生

English: 
He lives in Iowa where 92 percent of the land is dedicated to farming
I have heard farmers described as working-class, but also a small business owners who hire labor
I wanted to ask what is the Marxist perspective on farmers
and how to farmers fit in the labor theory of value?
The reason this is a wonderful question
is it allows me to explain to you what the Marxist method is in trying to analyze
any population that you're interested in a village a state a country a period of time
and what Marx is really interested in is saying
let's look at something that others haven't looked at and because they haven't
they missed things which we want to focus on. What does he mean?
He means that in every human community. This is the most fundamental in my judgment contribution Marx makes
in every community

Chinese: 
他所在的爱荷华州，92%的土地都是农业用地
我听说农民算是劳动阶级，但也算是雇佣工人的小企业主
我想问马克思主义对农民怎么看？
农民是如何符合劳动价值理论的？
这个问题很棒
因为让我有机会给你们解释马克思主义的分析方法
可以用来分析任何你感兴趣的人群，村庄也好国家也罢，一段时间内的都行
马克思真正感兴趣的是说
我们来看一些没人看到过的东西
正因为他们没看到，所以就忽略了一些我们要关注的东西。啥意思？
他的意思是，在任何一个人类社区中。在我看来这是马克思最本质的贡献
在任何一个社区

English: 
Whether people are aware of it or not. They make certain arrangements,
they may not be conscious of it just like all of you know in a modern world of psychological self-awareness
That there are things you do where if you're honest to yourself
You can't explain to yourself or anyone around you
why you just said that, why you just did that, why you looked at that person in just that way
and some of you go and get professional help to try to figure out while you do this
My wife's a psychotherapist
Might explain these things. Who knows
and Marx is that too but on a social scale.
so he says I want you to think about one of the things that every community does
That it is typically unaware of but that shapes it and here's what every community does
it takes a portion of its members

Chinese: 
不论人们是否注意到了，人们都达成了某种协定
人们可能都没意识到。
就像是你们都知道的现代心理学的自我意识，你做了一些事，
但是如果你对自己诚实的话，你就不能对包括你自己在内的任何人解释
你为什么那么说，为什么那么做，或者为什么你那样看待某个人
所以你们中的一些人要求助于专业人士，来弄明白这么做的原因
我太太就是个心理医生
她可能可以解释，谁知道呢
马克思就能解释，不过是在社会层面的
所以他说，我要你们想想每个社区都有一件事
没人意识到它塑造了社区本身
这件事就是
社区成员的一部分

English: 
if it's a community of a hundred it takes 20 of it. If it's a community of 50,000 it takes X
and those people are assigned to a particular function that they use their brains and their muscles to make things
to take things in nature. Say a tree and make a chair
To take a sheep and make a woolen shirt or whatever
Then there are a lot of people in this society who are NOT required to do that
Some of them you can see right quickly. A two-year-old is not going to be asked to do this. this thing we call work
because it's two
and another one is 89 and for comparable reason we're not gonna ask him or her either
So it means that in every society, Marx says, the people who do do the work
Always have to produce MORE than they themselves consume

Chinese: 
如果是100人的社区，可能就是20人；如果是50000人的社区，可能是X
这部分人被安排完成特殊的功能，就是用他们的大脑和肌肉制作东西
取材于自然，比如砍树做椅子
剪羊毛做羊毛衫，或者别的
然后社会中还有很多人，没有这么做的义务
你能很快想到一些例子，比如两岁小孩儿就不用做这些，
我们称其为作“工作”
因为才两岁嘛
而另一个89岁的老人，由于相似的原因，也不用做这些
所以马克思说，这意味着在每一个社会中
工作的人生产的产品，总是比他们自己需要的多

Chinese: 
否则，社会里不工作的人就不能生存
不论如何，工作的人一定要生产多余的东西
所以不工作的人，比如说老人和孩子
还有另一些不工作的人，我一会儿就说到，他们都被养起来了
他们能得到食物、衣物和住所，没有这些就会死
马克思说，生产的剩余分配给不同的人，这造成了社会的不同
这个词，翻译的不好，就是马克思主义者用来形容生产剩余的词
叫“剩余”。其实就是劳动者生产的超出自身所需的部分
德语中就是“多的”的意思
简单清楚多了
Surplus 听起来像是酸辣粉什么的

English: 
Otherwise all the people who are part of the society couldn't survive
somehow there has to be an excess produced by those who do the work
so that all those who don't the children the ancient
but lots of others we're gonna get to that in a minute who don't do work are supported
We provided them with the food the clothing the shelter without which they would die
Now Marx says, what happens in each society is they differ in how they organize that?
The word, and it's a bad translation, but the word Marxists use to describe this producing more
They focus on the surplus that the people who do work produce more than they themselves consume.
In German, it's Mehr the German word is M-E-H-R which means more in German.
It's much simpler. It's clear.
Surplus introduces, you know an old army jacket or something

Chinese: 
根本没必要这么翻，可是英文翻译就这样了
每种社会都生产剩余
而不同社会之所以不同，要看谁生产剩余
谁决定剩余的多少
谁决定剩余的分配，从生产者那，拿给不参与生产的人
这些事是怎么安排的
这种安排，塑造了政治、文化、艺术和音乐
换句话说，如果你想理解政治、文化、艺术、音乐和历史
最好理解这个社会剩余的生产和分配，这是最本质的东西
这就是马克思主义经典分析
就是分析生产剩余的阶级与靠剩余分配而活的阶级的关系

English: 
It's not that but surplus is the way got it translated into English.
So every society produces a surplus
what differs from one society to another is who produces the surplus
and who decides how big a surplus will be and who decides how get the surplus
from the people who produced it to all the people who need it to live on but don't participate in producing
How do all those things get worked out
and how they do shapes the politics and the culture and the art and the music
In other words, if you want to understand the politics, the culture, the art, the music the history
you better understand something as basic as the production and distribution of the surplus
That's called in Marx class analysis
the class of people who produce the surplus in relationship to the class of people who live off distributions

Chinese: 
为了让你们精神点儿，我告诉你有一种分配方法
就是生产剩余的人，正是得到剩余的人，自己做的酸辣粉自己吃
这些人坐在一起决定怎么利用这些剩余
分给孩子，分给老人，分给搞音乐的或者别的什么人
想咋分就咋分
比如他们就想在种地的时候，有人在边上弹三弦
那就得给他吃给他穿啊
所以要从他们的剩余中拿出一部分
我们换一种制度看看
这种制度是，哪些生产剩余的人，叫他们奴隶
那我们马上就知道谁得到了剩余，奴隶主呗
谁决定如何处理剩余呢？还是奴隶主啊，已经是他的了嘛
这种安排大不相同了，而且能肯定，奴隶主分配剩余的方式
当然会和工人们自己得到剩余的情况天差地别

English: 
Just to give you an idea to tantalize you Here's one way it can be done
The people who produce a surplus can be the people who also get the surplus they get their own surplus
and then they sit around and decide what to do with it
They distribute it to babies and they distribute it to old people and they distribute it to musicians and whoever else
They think what they would like to have
While they're working in the field they want someone to play the mandolin
and they gotta feed that one and they gotta clothe that one
So they can take a portion of the surplus if they do that
But we could have a different system.
We can have a system in which the people who produce the surplus. Let's give them a name slaves Oh
Then we know who gets the surplus real quick, don't we? the master
and who decides what to do with the surplus? the master who got it
That's a very different arrangement that you can be damn sure that that master is going to distribute that surplus
Differently from how the workers would have if they got their own surplus

English: 
A worker coop is where workers who produce the surplus are the same people who decide what to do with it
and that makes it different from capitalism, slavery or feudalism
In slavery, the slaves produced this surplus the masters get and distributed it
In feudalism, the serfs produced a surplus and the lords get it and distributed it
In capitalism, the employees produced the surplus and the employer gets it and decides what to do with it
The Revolution, the Marxist idea, says we got to get rid of this dichotomy. No more of this
We don't want a slave. We don't want a serf and we don't want the proletarian employee either
Because we don't want a tiny, minority
Master, Lord, Employer
Deciding what the surplus, what is going to be done with it?

Chinese: 
在工人合作社，生产剩余的和决定分配的是同一群人
这区别于资本主义制度，奴隶制度和封建制度
奴隶制度中，奴隶生产剩余，奴隶主分配
封建制度中，农奴生产剩余，领主分配
在资本主义制度中，雇员生产剩余，雇主分配
而马克思主义的革命思想，就是抛弃这样的二元对立，给它一个了断
不要奴隶，不要农奴，也不要无产阶级雇员
因为我们不想少数剥削多数
奴隶主，领主，雇主
决定如何处理剩余

English: 
When all the people have produced the surplus are excluded from that decision
That's a fundamental question. Now farmers. Well now you have the apparatus just use it for the farmer
and it turns out farmers have different class arrangements just like everybody else
so for example,
we could have farming done by a slave and a master. That's what we have in the American South for a long time
We had cotton, for example, grown by slaves and the surplus was taken by the masters
And they made beautiful mansions down there in Louisiana, you can see him to this day
They did what they wanted to do with the surplus. The slaves produced it the masters decided how to use it
or you can go to France the peasants produced a vast surplus
Gathered by the feudal lords who used a surplus to construct the Palace at Versailles

Chinese: 
而生产剩余的多数人却无权决定
这才是本质的问题。至于说农民，用刚学的分析工具分析下吧
显然，农民也有不同的阶级安排，和别人一样
比如说吧，有的农业是由奴隶和奴隶主完成的
美国南方很长时间就是如此
比如说当时的棉花，就是奴隶种的，奴隶主得到剩余
他们盖了漂漂亮亮的豪宅，你今天去路易斯安那州还能看到
他们想用剩余做什么就做什么。
奴隶生产剩余，奴隶主决定怎么用
或者你去当时的法国，佃农生产了超多的剩余
统统被封建领主拿走去盖了凡尔赛宫

Chinese: 
你作为游客去到那里，无限惊叹
你难道会认为，裤子都穿不起的农民，会拿剩余去修花园吗？
就为了给三两个人每两周逛一下吗？绝对不会啊
不会那么做的
杰弗里·贝索斯（@亚马逊）从几十万人那拿走剩余
来做天底下最重要的事 
就是送快递啊
他就是一送快递的，也是世界首富
很显然，任何一个理智的社会都会给送快递的海量的财富
但是咱得说句公道话，他送快递送得，
快得一逼
所以当然他应该享有150,000,000,000美元啦
他是彭博亿万富豪名单的头把交椅
他最近和太太麦谨思离婚了

English: 
which you as a tourist can go visit and Marvel and what?
Do you think that's the peasants who busted their ass in that time would have used the surplus to make a garden like that?
For three people to walk through every fourth night? No, no
They wouldn't have done that
Jeffrey Bezos collects the surplus
from hundreds of thousands of people
engaged in the monumentally important task of delivering packages
He is a package deliverer. He's the richest person on earth
because obviously, any rational society would want to give a vast of wealth to a person who delivers packages
But let's be fair he delivers packages
QUICKLY
So, of course, he should have a hundred and fifty billion dollars.
He's the number one on the Bloomberg billionaires list
He recently got divorced from Mackenzie, His wife.

English: 
and by the virtue of the divorce She got thirty nine million.
So she becomes the 22nd richest person on this planet Having been his ex-wife.
Do you think, just between you and me if the workers who produce the surplus for Amazon
All those people schlepping your package really quickly to your house
If they got together to decide what to do with this surplus that their labor had produced
Do you think they give it to Mr. Bezos, so he could, by the way, one of the things he's doing is very excited
He's arranging planetary travel
He's going to the moon and he's spending a fortune to develop the rockets to take him to the moon. Ooh
Do you think the people who sweat in his workshops,
that's what they would do spend the surplus to have a rocket ship take that man to the moon?

Chinese: 
托离婚的福，麦太太得到了390亿美金
所以登上了富豪榜第22名，就因为是首富的前妻
咱们唠唠心里嗑，你说那些在亚马逊生产剩余的工人
那些飞快地拖着大箱子到你家的人
如果他们聚在一起决定怎么用他们辛苦劳动产生的剩余
你觉得他们会都给贝大人吗？顺便一说，他的一波操作可秀了
他打算星际旅行咧
他要上天呢，他花了大价钱去发展火箭，带他上天呢
你觉得在厂房里面流汗的人们
会这么糟蹋剩余吗？刷个大火箭，送个人上天？

Chinese: 
我倒是希望了解情况的美国人能说一句：
让他给我滚犊子
扯远了哈，下一题
有个问题是关于马克思主义或者社会主义工会的
哎妈呀，我想起来我还没答完上一题呢
说完它哈，农民的问题，农民可以组织合作社
事实上，这种情况是存在的。全世界都有很成功的农民合作社
包括在美国这儿也有很长的历史。农民们在一起劳动
养家畜家禽，种麦子玉米，或者别的
他们聚在一起分配劳动
开会决定的
忙完了以后，再聚在一起决定怎么处理劳动果实
他们生产剩余，生产比自身所需更多的东西
同时也集体地民主地决定如何处理剩余

English: 
My hope is that Americans looking at this situation would probably say: Yes, get him outta here
Anyway, go ahead.
There was a question about so unions under socialism or Marxism
Actually, I realized I didn't finish the other question so
Let me finish. The farmer, so you can have farmers set up as coops
But there exist farmers around the places where coops actually have been quite successful around the world
including here in the United States is a long history where farmers get together and cooperatively
Raise animals or grow the wheat or make the corn or whatever it is that they do
and they collectively do it to divide the labor
they have a meeting they divide the labor
and at the end of the labor, they get together and decide what to do with the product
they are producers of a surplus they produce more than they themselves consume
But then they collectively and democratically decide what to do with it

English: 
by the way, Marx has a name for when workers together
as a COMMUNITY, do the work
and then the Community decide what to do with the surplus they produce
He calls that communism!!! you know the "-ism" out of the community. It shouldn't frighten you really
You tell this, by the way, I use different language and describe what I just did.
I don't call it communism. I call it something else
and wherever I go in the United States, people think it's a lovely idea
They remember a grandmother who did that or a grandpa, Who did that
They're not scared at all. When I tell him it's communism, they have a small heart attack.
I went out there, I went out to California a few years ago to Silicon Valley, San Jose
and I met there with engineers who had walked away from big jobs
It's just like the farmers.

Chinese: 
顺便一说，马克思起了一个名字，对这种劳动者结成社群
共同劳动，并且集体决定如何处理其生产的剩余
这就叫“共产主义”！！！其实就是“社群”加“主义”
干嘛怕这个词儿啊
顺便一说，我用不同的说法说刚才的话
我不叫它共产主义，而是别的
在美国不论我走到哪儿，人们都觉得这个想法可爱极了
人们觉得爷爷奶奶辈的人就这么做过
他们一点儿也不害怕，但我说这是共产主义的时候，
他们就吓抽过去了
几年前有一次我去加州，圣何塞的硅谷
遇见了一帮工程师，他们辞了大公司的工作
就像农民一样

Chinese: 
他们原来工作在思科，IBM这些变态大的公司
每年二三十万刀的薪水，很多钱
说辞就辞了，累觉不爱
有人西装革履的告诉他们该做啥，开发啥。这不是他们想要的生活
他们不得不穿制服，打领带。他们不想这样，加州人嘛
他们想的是穿着花裤衩儿，抽着大麻烟儿
你懂的，他们想一孩儿，一狗，一飞盘
加州范儿。他们不稀罕大公司，所以就辞职了
然后他们就找个车库，带着笔记本，聚在一起
他们想说不要像以前那样工作了。
而是穿着花裤衩，带着狗狗，想在哪儿抽烟就在哪抽
随便一点儿。周一到周四工作，跟以前一样开发软件。
周五，我们就坐在一起商量做点儿小生意
他们跟我说了这些。我说，真是美好，
你们都是共产主义者
他们脸都白了

English: 
They walked away from a big job working for Cisco or IBM or any of those monster companies
earning $200,000-$300,000 a year big salary
They quit. They hated it
Some guy in suits came and told them what they had to do and what software to develop they hated that
They had to wear a tie and a jacket they didn't want to. They were California people
They wanted to come high as a kite with Bermuda shorts
You know and they want to have a frisbee a dog a child or whatever
you know, very California. they hated all this. So they quit
and they got together in somebody's job, in somebody's garage and everybody brought a laptop
and they said we don't want to work that way. We want to come in our Bermuda shorts
we want to smoke whatever there is we want to have our dog with us
and we want, we want, and we and we're going to work Monday through Thursday
We make software like we always did. Friday, we sit around to decide what to do with our little business
And they described this to me and I said just wonderful. You are all communists.
They were horrified

English: 
They wanted me to use the phrase, ready, get ready, very American
We are entrepreneur and we are all entrepreneurs
and this is an entrepreneurial innovation
and I said to them you can call it a purple giraffe. I don't care.
I'm telling you you've walked away from capitalism
you literally quit your capitalist job to form a communist enterprise
according to what Marx wrote
most of these people were Republicans
They were Republicans because they're in love with entrepreneur
They had, no one had ever told them anything about Marxism. Where were they going to get the idea?
Of course, they thought it was an entrepreneurial innovation
Because that's the language in which they grew up
Once I explained it to them they had to struggle, turns out they really liked

Chinese: 
他们想让我用另外一个词儿。准备好了吗？典型的美国词儿
我们都是企业家啦
我们做的都是企业家式的创新
我说，你们管它叫“混元饕餮”我也管不着
我只是说，你们已经离开了资本主义
你们在事实上，辞去了资本主义的工作，组成了共产主义的企业
马克思就是这么写的
这些人大多数还是共和党呢
他们支持共和党，因为他们喜欢企业
没人告诉他们一点点马克思主义。他们的想法是哪儿来的呢？
当然他们会觉得叫企业家式的创新
因为他们就在这种语言环境长大的。
一旦听了我的解释，他们得进行一番思想斗争，结果是他们挺喜欢

English: 
COMMUNISM
Here's what they told me by the way, you know why we stay with this? We are much happier here
We feel better every day. We look forward to coming here
We're much more productive this way we come up with new ideas.
We cross-fertilize one another I hear what she's doing, she hears what I'm doing
and and then they began to get excited
They said to me, you know something the biggest breakthroughs in the work I'm doing
that was done after we left the big company. The big company is stifling us
Wow, I said you're the best advertisement for communism
I can think of you Republicans
But that's America. See?
the dialectic having taught nobody anything about it except to hate it and fear it
when you actually translate it into something they can understand, it turns out that they like it

Chinese: 
共产主义！！
顺便一说，他们还告诉我说：
你知道为啥我们这么做吗？
因为这样我们开心多了
内心充满喜乐，每天盼着来工作
在这儿更有效率，每天都有新的点子
我们能启发彼此，我了解她在干啥，她也了解我在干啥
他们越聊越兴奋
他们说，工作上最大的突破
都是在离职以后做出来的。大公司让我们窒息
我勒个亲娘，你们就是共产主义的活广告啊
更不用说你们还是共和党呢
但这就是美国，看到了吧？
没人教过马克思主义，只是让你们对他感到恐惧和憎恨
如果你能把它讲清楚的话，人们都会喜欢的

English: 
Whoa, they haven't been taught to not like the reality
they've been taught to not like a caricature
and when you tell them that's the caricature. Here's what we're talking about. -Oh, that's pretty good.
Farmers, can they be capitalist? Of course, they can
Big farming in the United States called agribusiness for a reason these are big capitalist corporations
they're run by a board of directors and they have an army of farmers
who are workers, of course, they are their wage workers. Just like the people working on Amazon
If we allowed it in this country, we would have slave farming. I take that back
We do have slaves you do know in the United States
the Thirteenth Amendment of the Constitution outlawed slavery
Except in prisons
and we put people in prisons overwhelmingly people of color in this society for a long time

Chinese: 
吼，人们并不是讨厌真实的马克思主义
只是讨厌讽刺漫画中的马克思主义
当他们明白了，讽刺漫画是一回事，现实是另一回事，会说：不错啊
农业，可以是资本主义的吗？当然可以
美国的农业是大规模农业，其实是大型的资本主义企业
有董事会负责管理，还有一大票“农民”
其实他们是工人，毫无疑问，他们是领工资的工人。
和在亚马逊工作的工人一样的
如果我们允许这样，那我们也会有奴隶农场。
我收回刚说的话，我们还真有奴隶农场
你们肯定知道，第十三条宪法修正案，废除了奴隶制
但是不包括监狱
把人关进监狱，很长一段时间都是有色人种占绝大多数
米歇尔·亚历山大使之公诸于众，

English: 
Michelle Alexander has explained that to all of us, if you have never read her work, by the way
Just a footnote. This is a sharp, sharp American historian
and she's here in the New York area. I think she teaches in (unclear) Columbia one of the places here
What's the name of her book? I always forget the title
The New Jim Crow, that's it.
Really, It's a remarkable way how slavery is preserved by the incarceration of people now
but if you have incarcerated people and you require them to do work and many American prisons have prison labor
then you have slave labor. I mean, that's what you do
That's one of the reasons why the United Nations is always poking itself into the American prison system
because slavery is supposed to be outlawed by international law and so forth and we Hm...
Have it and we have it for the same people. We had it a while back
So farming can be done in any one of these class systems

Chinese: 
如果你没读过她的作品，顺便一说，她是个极其敏锐的历史学家
她就在纽约附近，我记得在哥伦比亚教书吧
她的成名作是什么啦？我总是忘
对了《新吉姆·克劳法》
真的，到现在监狱里还保留着奴隶制，亏他们想得出来
如果你要求监狱的犯人做工，很多美国监狱里就有犯人劳工
那这就是奴隶工人啊，有什么区别呢？
这就是为什么联合国总是调查美国的监狱系统
因为根据国际法，奴隶制早就该废止了。但是我们呢？
还保留着呢。以前哪些人是奴隶，现在还是这些人
所以农业可以属于任何一个典型的制度

Chinese: 
但是马克思主义强调：如何组织剩余的生产和分配
塑造了人本身，也塑造了人与人的关系
如果你工作，你肯定明白，在美国工作
你就得在资本主义企业累死累活，像个机器人一样
你必须朝八晚五
得听上司的话，他命令你坐哪儿，和谁，做啥
完成了以后，就得离开你生产的东西，回家
到了家，可以吃披萨，喝啤酒，睡觉
第二天再去上班，跟着节奏，再来一次
你没有任何话语权
所有的事都是上司说了算。你工作在独裁下，但你不是独裁者
你就是一囚徒
这是一种特别的生产组织方式。但这不是唯一的方式

English: 
But what Marxism does is it says how you organize the production and distribution of surplus
SHAPES who you are, what your relationships with other people are
If you go to work, you really all know this, if you go to work in the United States
You're gonna be working overwhelmingly in a capitalist enterprise. You're going to be a drone
You're gonna be a person who comes at eight and stays until five
and you do what you're told. you sit there and you work with that and you do this
and when you're done you leave what you've produced and you go home
When you go home, you have a pizza, you have a beer you go to sleep
and you come back the next day and you do all that again
You are in charge of nothing
Everything is told to you. You live in a work dictatorship and you're not the dictator
This is sort of ... arresting
that's a particular way of organizing production. It could be organized otherwise

English: 
For me
The revolution against capitalism has to INCLUDE the transformation of the workplace
because that's where adults spend most of their lives
that's where an enormous part of your self-identification, of your relationships, of your attitude towards the world, are shaped
To think that you have gone beyond capitalism
Because you have socialized the means of production.
The state takes over or you have planning instead of markets
I'm not against any of that,
but you haven't begun to transform the lives of the people on a daily basis
by transforming the workplace and if I had time with you
I will also talk about transforming the household

Chinese: 
对我来说
反资本主义的革命，一定要包括工作场所的转变
因为大部分的成年生活都在这儿啊
你的自我定位，人际关系，世界观，都成型于此啊
如果你觉得资本主义已经是过去式了
因为生产方式已经社会化了，由国家主导了。
或者是计划取代了市场
我不反对这些
但是你没有通过工作场所的转变，进而开始转变人们的日常生活
如果有时间的话，我还会说到家庭生活的转变

English: 
Because that too is a place where you are shaped. You and the children coming up after you
Marxism is about to transformation of one kind of society into another.
Here's a parallel
And the attempt to get rid of slavery in the United States the anti-slavery movement
the movement to do something about American slavery. There was a split
There was a large number of people who were horrified by American slavery in the American South
and who wanted slaves not to be separated husband from wife or parents from children
Remember that? There was a struggle to get them fed better, to get them clothed better, to give them better housing
and then there were the people who said are you crazy
the problem isn't that they don't eat enough sleep enough. The problem is that they're slaves
and what we want is the ABOLITION of slavery, not a better-paid slave

Chinese: 
因为这也是塑造你的地方。不只是你，还有你的后代
马克思主义就是关于一种社会形态到另一种的转变
以史为鉴
旨在消除美国奴隶制的废奴运动
这个想改变奴隶制的运动，分成了两派
相当多的人对美国南部的奴隶制感到震惊
他们不想看到奴隶们与其妻子孩子的隔离
记得吧？他们想争取让奴隶们吃得好点儿，穿得好点儿，住得好点儿
而另一些人说：神经病啊~
问题不在于他们吃不够睡不够。而是他们是奴隶啊
我们要废除奴隶制，而不是待遇好的奴隶啊

Chinese: 
回到现在，你只是想提高劳动阶级的工资而已吗？
这就像是给奴隶更多钱，更多吃的，更多穿的
给雇员更多钱，那就叫他们做更多事喽，996呗
如此而已吗？
只是更好的工作条件？更多工资？
还是问题在于，他们是雇员呢？
在工作场所没法掌控自己的人生
作为结果，在别的地方同样掌控不了
美国人不参与政治的上的民主，有什么好奇怪的？
工作的时候毫无民主可言啊
他们要去哪里习得民主的知识，技巧、能力，还有对民主的渴望呢？
既然在一周五天的最好时段里没有民主，那就见怪不怪了。

English: 
But a modern equivalent is, is what you want for the working class that they get a higher wage
That's like giving the slave more money or more food or more clothing.
You give workers more money. They call them more. Stay more hours
Is that it?
Is that it? better worker conditions? better wages?
or is the problem that it's a worker?
Who doesn't have any control over his or her life in the workplace
and consequently, not much control anywhere else either
Why are we surprised that Americans don't participate in political democracy
when we deny them workplace democracy?
Where, what the hell, would they get the incentive or the knowledge or the skill or the ability or the appetite for democracy
if it's denied to them where they are five days of the week, all the best hours of that day. Come on

Chinese: 
你看看，这些思想一点儿都不复杂
马克思主义深入到了生产和分配剩余的组织的核心之中
你如何理解？一旦你理解了
那就会明白，农民怎么处理剩余，直接塑造了农民的阶级属性和位置
工人也一样，大学知识分子也一样。
毫无差别，他们都在工作，生产并分配剩余
一旦一开始审视这些
那你就开始了解这种安排如何在不知不觉中塑造了他们
就像是你从来不了解心理学的话，
你就不会意识到，四岁时候发生在你身上的事，仍然在脑子里回响
让你很难与他人建立良好的关系，你因此神伤

English: 
These ideas, you see, are not that complicated
Marxism goes to the core of the organization of production and distribution of surplus
How are you going to do that and then once that question answered
how the farmers do it will shape class positions and class categories of the farmers
but the same is true of craftspeople. The same is true of Intellectuals in the universe.
It doesn't make any difference. They are all working. They produce and distribute surplus
and if you will begin to examine that
then you see how that arrangement of which so many people are unconscious,  shapes them
Just like if you've never been introduced to psychological terminology
What is true is that university is a place that has still enough space, enough possibility
and making it very hard for you to have good relationships with other people which makes you sad

Chinese: 
你得深入回忆，弄清楚到底发生了什么
即使你已经学会了用大量的技巧来避免回忆
在社会层面你也要这么想
解决个人问题
现在的美国人都知道可以去找心理医生，考虑心理问题
明白类似心理创伤的专业词汇。这些都是学来的
同样地，你们也能在社会层面这样思考。这两个是类似的
我认为只有一个问题的时间了，然后给观众问问题的机会
这个问题是如何理解社会主义或者是马克思主义工会？
我们已经部分地回答了这个问题
说到工会，你们知道在资本主义制度下
马克思主义者通常是在工会里的活跃分子，骨干，或者领袖
这一直是马克思主义者自然的位置

English: 
you're gonna have to go back and figure out what those Events back then were
even though you've developed a lot of techniques to avoid doing that
You have to do that with social thinking too
You're gonna solve your personal problems
Americans now, they go to shrinks, they think about psychological issues.
They understand terms like trauma. They've learned
Well, you guys do that for the social analysis, too. It's really quite, quite parallel.
I think we have one question time for one more and then we can turn it to the audience
The question was how do unions be in under socialism or Marxism?
Well partly, we've already we've already answered it
Unions well, you know in the capitalist system
Marxists have always been very active in, very committed to, often leaders of, labor unions
it's been a natural place that Marxists go

English: 
because it's an organization of the working class for the working class by definition
So Marxists have always been close to, committed to, unions
but there again then the question becomes,  this is what we started with 45 minutes ago
the reform and revolution issue surfaces right again
Are you going to be an activist getting pushing for a higher wage?
Well, the Marxist answer is it's not a question of whether you're for that or against it
We Marxist are all for it, but it's how, how is this presented
Do you present it by saying we, I don't know, need more for our families
Okay, that's one way to do it. Or the employer is very rich and can afford to give it. That's another way to do it
But then here's another way which is to say, why are we in the position

Chinese: 
因为原则上工会就是劳动阶级组成的组织，为劳动阶级谋福利
所以马克思主义者总是和工会关系很近，或者加入工会
这又变成了我们45分钟以前讨论的问题
改革还是革命的问题
应该做一个活跃分子，争取更高的工资吗？
马克思主义的回答是，这不是一个支持或者反对的问题
我们马克思主义者总是支持这样的运动，问题是如何争取，怎么表述
比方说，把问题表述为：我们需要更多的工资养家
没问题，这是一种方式 
或者某个雇主很有钱，直接给你，这是另一种方式
但还有一种方式，就是说，为什么我们沦落到这种地步？

Chinese: 
做了所有的工作，到头来还要乞求能多得一点儿本来就是自己生产的东西？
总觉得哪里不对啊！！
利用经典分析方法，我们为什么不能决定如何处理自己生产的东西呢？
我们用脑力体力产生果实，反而自己毫无发言权？
我们还记得去年的年会，老板喝醉了，站在椅子上，摇摇晃晃的
感谢我们大家，因为今年公司业绩不错，然后就摔下来了
这个尴尬的时刻，我们都在心里想
不是感谢我们吗？表达点儿诚意啊，马总，年终奖呢？
别把钱包捂这么紧嘛
感谢的话，张嘴就来
不给点儿实在的呢？我不要你的谢谢，我要你的公司

English: 
Doing all the work here of having to beg for a bit more of what we produce
There's something wrong here !!!
Why aren't we, part of the apparatus, that decides what to do with what we have produced
Don't we have some claim on the output that our brains and muscles help to produce?
We all remember the Christmas party last year when the drunken employer got up on a wobbly chair
Thanked us all for the great year this company had and then fell off the chair
We all thought to ourselves in that nasty moment
He's thanking us for doing all the work. Let's show some thanks here Jack. Where's the money?
That part you're keeping
So the thank you is all the... verbal,
There's no... What? I don't want your Thanks. I want your company.

English: 
I want to take over this is my project
What is true is that university is a place that has still enough space, enough possibility
from employers or people who have been bamboozled by them
The G? The employer takes a risk
He deserves some extra, some profit because he took a risk.
I always found this extraordinary
He did take a risk, but so did everybody else
You idiot?
What? The worker who moved into this state to get that job took a risk
That the job would be there, that the job would be bearable, that the job would pay enough.
What is true is that university is a place that has still enough space, enough possibility
he doesn't know whether at the end of the day. He'll be told must not show up tomorrow
He bought a house based on the risk that that income would be coming. Risk everybody takes
The difference between the employer and the employee is
the employee takes the risk and then somebody else makes the decisions.

Chinese: 
我要掌权，项目都是我做的
如果你在美国长大，你会经常听到一种说法
雇主，还有被他们忽悠瘸了的人说的
老板冒了风险啊
他应该得到更多，因为他冒了风险
我一直觉得这个说法很神奇
他确实冒了风险，但是别人也是啊
智障吗？
啥？来大城市工作的各种漂们也冒了风险啊
谁知道能不能有工作，能不能干的了，给的钱够不够
跟我说风险？雇员入职的每一天都是风险
甚至不知道上了一天班，然后被告诉说第二天不用来了
买了房就有风险，因为工资说断就断了。谁都在冒风险啊
雇员和雇主的区别在于
雇员冒风险，但是别人做决定

English: 
The employer takes a risk, but he's got all the power to shape whether that risk works out
and when he has trouble, you know where he shifts the burden?
Mm-hmm. He fires the workers
Because he doesn't want to bear the cost of the risk he took that didn't work out
If you want to reward risk all the workers get a piece of that
You're not the specialist on risk. Stop it
In fact, your risk is less because you're rich. You take a part of your money. You know you lose that part. It doesn't shake you
but the worker, he has no wealth to hold back has no savings account
The risk he takes is if he gets fired, he's lost you're not
So don't tell me about it. but if you teach in a culture all the time the absence of a Marxist perspective on the production,
then you don't know these questions. You don't even know to ask them

Chinese: 
雇主冒风险，但是他有权力分担风险
当有麻烦的时候，你知道他怎么转嫁风险吗？
炒雇员呗
因为他冒了风险，但是他不想承担后果
如果冒险该得到回报，所有人都有份啊
可不是只有雇主冒险了。得了吧
其实雇主的风险更小，因为有钱，只用一部分钱冒险，
即使这部分都赔光了，也不要紧
但是雇员可没有那么多财富作为后盾，没什么存款
他的风险是，如果被炒了，那就一无所有了，而雇主不会
别再拿风险忽悠我了。
你看如果一直生活在这样的文化中，对生产活动缺乏马克思主义视角
那你就不了解这些问题，甚至不知道该问。

English: 
Einstein said the hard part is the question. Once you got the question, the answer you'll work out
It's the question. That's the hard part.
The question is Why do we accept? and let me make it real personal for all of you?
Because Marxism is not going to go anywhere unless it's personal for all of you.
Why do you each of you sitting here? Accept the system in which you go to work and you produce a surplus
for some employer who decides what the hell he or she wants to do with it
and your job is to go home. Not bother the employer until the next day when you come back and do that again
Why is that acceptable to you?
You got rid of kings and queens and monarchy because it was unbearable to have some jerk
Whose achievement was to be the son of the previous jerk?
and he was telling you what to do all the time and you had to take your hat off when he passed in his coach

Chinese: 
爱因斯坦说过，问对的问题才是最难的。
一旦问对了问题，你才能解决它
该问什么问题，最难了
问题就是，我们为什么要接受这一切？
我想让它成为你自己的事
如果你们不把它当做自己的事，马克思主义毫无价值
为什么你们一个个的都坐在这？
接受现在的制度？你工作，生产剩余
接受现在的制度？你工作，生产剩余
然后雇主拿着剩余，为所欲为？
你要做的就是回家，别打扰人家，然后第二天上班再做一次？
为啥你能接受呢？
我们摆脱了国王、女王、君主制
因为受不了这个人渣，他唯一的成就，是另一个人渣的儿子
一直都是他命令你做事，他坐在马车里经过的时候，你还得给他敬礼

English: 
and he referred to you as his subject
We killed those people we cut their heads off
We found it ODIOUS to have them around us
and we go to work every day where there is a king
who tells you what to do and you better take your hat off. Oh you're fired
and then you can go and stand in line at an office downtown and hope they don't sneer at you
while they give you a pittance for you to go and buy that cat food
What is it? You know why?
Don't I don't want you to ask me why I'm a Marxist. I want you to wonder why you aren't
Unless you are
The questions are very similar, the questions that came in overlapped a lot you're quite...
But that's good. that's... we're all thinking We're thinking and we're coming up with the good questions.

Chinese: 
在他眼里你就是个物件
我们把这些人都宰了，都斩了
有他们在旁边就像吃了屎一样难受
但是我们每天上班，国王不就在那呢吗？
命令你做事，你最好给他敬礼。要不就炒了你
然后你得就去市区排队，想着别被笑话就好
就为了领点儿离职补偿，然后去买猫粮
这是啥啊？为啥啊？
你别问我为啥是个马克思主义者，我想问问为啥你不是
如果你是的话，当我没说哈
问题：后现代主义和新马克思主义是否 正在以文化马克思主义入侵我们的文化？
问题都差不多，这些问题总是重复出现
问题：后现代主义和新马克思主义是否 正在以文化马克思主义入侵我们的文化？
这是好事儿，我们都在思考，提的问题都很好
问题：后现代主义和新马克思主义是否 正在以文化马克思主义入侵我们的文化？
这是好事儿，我们都在思考，提的问题都很好

Chinese: 
但同其他问题一样，这个问题能出现，是以美国的落后为前提的
美国人在这方面太无知了，不是因为不够聪明
其实人们都一样聪明
但近五十年，我们把左派思想和马克思主义关在门外，造成了这方面的无知
我们来解决这个问题。首先，纳粹的叫法不是文化马克思主义，
而是文化布尔什维克主义
德语叫"kultureller Bolschewismus" ，我母语是德语，说德语，读德文
我妈在我小时候一直跟我说德语，等等等等吧
不是文化马克思主义，而是文化布尔什维克主义
是这样的，苏联革命把德国人吓坏了
因为要记得德国离俄国不远，这是一点

English: 
But this question is, like so many, is premised on the United States's backwardness.
It's vast ignorance about all of it, which is not because Americans aren't smart
they're just as smart as anybody else
but this period of half a century of Closing out the left and closing out Marxism really has made us on these subjects stupid
So let's deal with this. First of all, the Nazi phrase wasn't cultural Marxism. It was cultural Bolshevism
"kultureller Bolschewismus" in German. My first language is German I speak German. I read German
My mother spoke German to me all my life as a child and so forth and so on
so it's it's not cultural Marxism. it's cultural Bolshevism
and here was the idea that the Soviet Revolution which frightened the Germans very badly
Because remember Germany is not that far from Russia. Literally number one.

English: 
Number two in 1918 the year after the revolution in Russia
There was an attempt to have a revolutions like the Soviet Union in Germany
Now again, I'm assuming that I don't want to hurt anybody's feelings that you don't know about that
It was just not your fault. So let me tell you briefly
In Bavaria, which is not an advanced progressive part of Germany.
What is true is that university is a place that has still enough space, enough possibility
That's not true for the capital city Munich, which is a socialist city
But it is surrounded by the Catholic part of Germany,
which is the more conservative part. The way politics is shaped up there.
Okay in Bavaria a revolution took place in 1918 and 1919
Which set up, you ready? The Bavarian Soviet Socialist Republic

Chinese: 
第二点，在1918年，就是俄国革命的第二年
有人曾想过就在德国发动革命，效法苏联
不是想伤害大家的感情，但我猜你们都不知道这事。
但这不是你们的错，所以我简单说一下
在巴伐利亚，并不是德国比较先进的地区
巴伐利亚在德国南部，政治情况和美国南部有点儿像
但首府慕尼黑情况不一样，慕尼黑是一个社会主义城市
但是周边都是德国的天主教地区
那里的政治情况更保守
好，说回来，巴伐利亚在1918到1919年发生了革命
建立了叫，坐稳了，巴伐利亚苏维埃社会主义共和国

Chinese: 
这个名字太劲爆了，明显抄袭苏联
其领袖是一个本地人，叫库尔特·艾斯纳
在德国南部天主教地区的慕尼黑，领导革命的却是一个犹太人
烧脑了
革命持续了一阵。而在柏林也有人在组织革命
领袖是两个有名的德国社会党人
在当时是德国第二大党。人数众多
到现在也是联合政府的一部分，跟默克尔合作，至少一段时间内如此
组织革命的两个领袖
一个你们可能不认识，叫卡尔·李卜克内西
另一个你们可能认识，叫罗莎·卢森堡
因为他们的企图，军方介入了

English: 
a name that brings a certain Bell to copy the Russians
The leader of it was a local man named Kurt Eisner
In Catholic South Germany in Munich, the leader of the new revolution was a Jew
Complicated
It lasted a while. In Berlin and effort was made to make a revolution too.
It was led by two very famous leaders of the Socialist Party of Germany
Which at that time was the second biggest party in Germany, a mass party,
The same one that still part of the coalition government with Mrs. Merkel at least for another few days
The two leaders who tried to make this revolution. One, whose name you probably don't know, Karl Liebknecht
and the other one, whose name you probably do, Rosa Luxemburg
and for their effort, the military came in

Chinese: 
杀了他们，碎尸以后丢进了柏林中心的兰德维尔运河
现在他们成烈士了。今天去柏林会看到很多以他们命名的街道、广场和剧院
即使是现在，统一后的德国不再触及这些历史的名字了
如果你想看到马克思的名字出现在每个路牌上，去柏林好了
马克思胡同，马克思小区，到处都是马克思
如果你去问一个很保守的德国人，这是为啥
他会觉得你瓦塔了，看着你说，这是我们历史的一部分啊
我们以马克思和罗莎·卢森堡为荣
如果你去到以罗莎·卢森堡命名的中心广场
她的名言就在街上。
在街道的水泥中嵌着金属板，上面刻有她的名言。
这就是德国人如何纪念罗莎·卢森堡的

English: 
Killed them hacked their bodies into pieces and threw them in the Landwehr Canal in the middle of Berlin
They became martyrs. If you go to Berlin today, there are the streets and squares and theaters named after both of them
Even now with a unified Germany. They don't touch those historical names
if you want to see Karl Marx's name on every street sign, go to Berlin right now
Every Karl Marx Alley, Karl Marx plat Karl Marx, you name it, Karl Marx is all over the place
and when you ask these very conservative Germans why you do that
they look at you as if you're crazy and say That's part of our history
We are proud of Karl Marx and of Rosa Luxemburg
if you go to the center that's named after her
Her sayings her famous sayings are in the street. They have embedded in the cement of the street
Metallic plates with quotes from Rosa Luxemburg that that's the commitment that they have to her. Okay

English: 
So here you have what the fear in Germany that the revolution was coming
Since they crushed these revolutions that kill the people and so forth
They weren't any more afraid of a military. They weren't really afraid of politics.
They thought it would come through the culture
so the idea was Bolshevism the Russian experience would seep into Germany through cultural phenomena
and part of the reason this happened was that
Throughout the 1920s
the German culture Reacted to what had happened to Germany
What is true is that university is a place that has still enough space, enough possibility
It's part of the revolutionary tradition
In Germany, the war, World War I was a catastrophic transformation

Chinese: 
现在你知道了， 德国当局当时很害怕革命的到来
因此粉碎了这些革命，杀了革命者，等等吧
当局不太害怕军队入侵，也不太害怕政治施压
但他们觉得革命思想会透过文化而来
他们想的是布尔什维克主义在俄国的经验会通过文化现象渗透到德国
这之所以会发生的部分原因是
整个1920年代
德国的遭遇已经影响了德国文化
这极为重要，你们再一次被茫然的表情出卖了，但你得了解一点儿历史
这是革命传统的一部分啊
在德国，第一次大战带来的改变有如天崩地裂

English: 
they lost the Kaiser they lost their form of government. They lost their economic
Hope to be the defeater of Great Britain the Empire of the world and to outstrip the United States
which was the other competitor for Britain all of that fell apart
and as if that wasn't enough they lost the war and as if that wasn't enough there was  reparations
that often that hasn't happened. Your African Americans are now talking about reparation
But the big reparations was the one imposed on Germany after World War one
when they were required to spend huge amounts of money
Reimbursing France and Britain for the cost of those countries defeating the Germans
so they were a destroyed economy a destroyed Society with an enormous debt, they couldn't possibly pay
one of the results of that was inflation in 1923
One of the greatest inflations in the history of the world
Let me tell you about it because we might have one like it and you should be prepared

Chinese: 
皇帝跑了，政府倒了，经济也垮了
还有打败世界霸主英国，超越竞争对手美国的希望
统统幻灭了
不止如此，还输掉了战争，不止如此，还要赔款
这不经常发生。现在非洲裔美国人在谈论赔款
但是德国在一战后真的背负了巨额的赔款债务
所以德国人不得不花海量的钱
赔给打败德国的英国和法国
所以情况就是，经济和社会都是废墟，同时还有还不完的债
其结果之一就是1923年的大通胀
世界历史上最严重的一次通胀
我跟你说说吧，因为我们可能也会经历一次，得做点儿心理准备啊

English: 
Prices doubled over a period of nine months
every two hours
Okay, my grandmother and grandfather living in Germany at the time told me the stories
grandpa who worked in a store would get paid in a bag of money at lunchtime
He would run like a relay runner home and give the package to my grandma his wife
who would run to the store to buy food with it
because if you didn't if you waited until that evening that money would buy you one stick of gum
Because the prices would have gone up and your money was worthless
The savings of the Germans, They're very frugal people. They had saved for 40 years a little bit put aside to save
that money was worth a quarter pound of butter overnight
They lost everything and in that period of time they became, like Americans are today

Chinese: 
在九个月的时间里，物价翻番
每两个小时翻一番
我爷爷奶奶当时住在德国，他们亲口跟我说
爷爷那时在商店工作，午饭时间领了工资，一大袋子的钞票
然后他就赶快跑回家，跟接力赛似的，把钱给我奶奶
我奶奶在跑到商店把钱换成食物
如果你不这么快，等到晚上，这袋子钱只够买条口香糖
因为价格疯涨，钞票就是纸
德国人的存款。他们都很节俭，一毛一块地攒了40年
一夜之间，所有存款只够买二两黄油
他们一无所有了。
在那段时间他们就像今天的美国人一样

Chinese: 
他们变得激进，非常激进
战争失败，皇帝跑路，巨额赔款
现在存款都没了。白茫茫大地真干净！
殷实的中产阶级，像是托马斯·曼《布登勃洛克》书里的中产阶级被摧毁了
社会割裂了
一部分人成了左派，爆发了革命文化
表达得最好的要数贝特霍尔德·布莱希特的作品，你在其中能体会到。
如果你了解当时的艺术
如果你去86街的博物馆
叫啥啦？新艺廊，你们应该去那看看艺术界的革命文化大爆发
保罗·克利、康定斯基，那个时代的大佬
是他们发展了革命戏剧，革命艺术和革命音乐

English: 
Radicalized, Extremely radicalized
they were defeated in the war. They lost the Kaiser they were suffering reparations.
And now they had lost their savings. They had nothing
A solid middle class the Thomas Mann, Budhan Brooks kind of middle class destroyed
and they split
one part of them went to the left you had an explosion of a revolutionary culture
probably the best expression Berthold pressed
or heart-felt if you know that the way the artistic things of that time
if you go to that museum up on 86th Street
What's called? what the... Neue Gallery you should see there the explosion
Klee, Kandinsky those great names of that time.
These are people who develop revolutionary theater revolutionary art revolutionary music

Chinese: 
但是还有另一个极端
不用我说
阿道夫·希特勒
他从草根一直到元首
这两派斗得很凶，最后结果你们都知道了
我们现在处境也是一样的
但和文化马克思主义没关系
现代的问题不一样
现代的问题是一种对美国权利的焦虑
恰恰是资本主义的失败
过去40年，美国资本主义的现实是
我以我经济学家的名誉担保
工资没涨过。美国的真实工资
也就是你工作赚的钱，比对物价
美国今天的真实工资，和1978年的水平基本一致。这很重要

English: 
But you also had the extreme go the other way
right
Adolf Hitler
Who goes from nothing into...
There's the great fight between those two and it goes the way you all know it goes
We're in exactly the same place
But it wasn't about Cultural Marxist
now this modern, the modern thing is different.
The modern thing is the anxiety of the American right
That the very failures of capitalism. Look, the reality of American capitalism for 40 years
I'm putting on my hat as an economist is the following
the wages are stagnant. wages in America, real wages
That's what you take the money your worker gets adjusted for the prices he or she pays
Real wages in America today right now are roughly what they were in 1978. It's really important

English: 
over that time. Every year workers have become more and more productive
They have more computers to work with they have been better trained. They have all of that
So the output the worker delivers to the employer that's what productivity means has been going up steadily one two percent a year
But what the employer gives the worker that's the real wage it's flat
That's why we have a booming stock market. Those people are collecting all the profits
All the productivity goes to the profits the wages go nowhere
Why? because companies have replaced workers with machinery the computer revolution the robots the artificial intelligence
They left the country to produce in China India Brazil and everywhere else
And so you have a situation which didn't have to pay more and they didn't
So you have grotesque inequality. Bezos and all of that
and the people with the money playing on the stock market, so it keeps going up but the mass of people...
That wonderful study of the Federal Reserve Bank in New York that says

Chinese: 
在这期间，每年工人的生产率都会提高
有更多工作用的电脑，接受了更好的培训，等等原因
生产率，也就是雇员给雇主的生产所得，
每年都会稳定上升一两个百分点
但是雇主给雇员的回报，就是工资，一直不变
这就是为什么我们的股市这么繁荣。
资本家拿走了所有的利润
生产所得都成了利润，而工资就不涨了
为啥呢？因为公司用机器代替了人工，计算机革命、机器人、人工智能
工作机会都流失了，去了中国、巴西和印度等地。
所以现实就是没有必要给你涨工资了，就不涨了呗
所以就有了诡异的不平等。贝索斯之流
有钱人在股市里玩耍，所以一直牛市，但是广大的人民呢？
纽约的联邦储备银行做过一项出色的研究

Chinese: 
半数的美国家庭，要是意外地遇到400刀的账单，就付不起了
还得去当点儿东西
那借债呢？我们活着就靠借了。
美国梦过去三十年之所以还在
因为既然工资不涨，美国人就得想别的招
所有人都得工作，女性，尤其是白人女性，出门工作，多出来几百万劳动力
另外再借一屁眼子的债
直到2008年不能再借了，所有的卡都废了，我们就停在这了
经济停滞了，没办法增长了
今天早上，美国联邦劳工统计局
每个月都公布真实工资。
上个月每小时的真实工资涨了0.3%
但是全美国的工作总时长下降了0.3%，换句话说，啥都没变
这样的情况一次又一次地发生，工资一直不变

English: 
half of the American families if they're stuck with a $400 unexpected bill, can't cover it!!!
They have to sell something
and debts?
Well, that's the only way we survive. the American Dream survived in the last 30 years
Because since the wages didn't go up Americans solve the problem another way
everybody works some million jobs the women particularly the white ones come out of the house and go to work
and they borrow up to the wazoo
Until they reach 2008 when they can't borrow anymore and whole cards fall apart and we're stuck now
We're stuck. There is no way to grow now
this morning the Fed the Bureau of Labor Statistics
Releases every month its information about real wages. The last month. The real wage went up 0.3% per hour,
but the number of hours worked in America went down by 0.3 percent in other words nothing, Nothing!
and this has happened over and over and over the wages are going nowhere nowhere

Chinese: 
资本家不必涨，所以就真没涨
美国人吵成一团。一堆人开始左倾
这吓到了掌权者
这也是为什么他们支持川普。很多人喜欢川普
因为他们准备好对抗左派掌权的恐惧了
他们可了解美国激进派的历史。但是年轻人不了解
这就是悲哀的地方。
他们反动派已经严阵以待，因为预见到了要出大事
因为历史上已经在他们身上发生过一次了，他们不想重蹈覆辙
所以反动派怕了。那左翼思潮会在哪里出现呢？
在美国，不会出现在理应出现的地方，美国的工人运动早就消亡了
即便没有消亡，也快了，随时可能消亡

English: 
they don't need it and they're not gonna do it
Americans are at each other's throat. A bunch of them are discovering the left
That scares the people who run this society
Part of the reason they are supporting Mr. Trump and people like him,
is they're doing, getting ready to push back against the fear of where the left is going to get this
They understand the history that American radical and young people don't know
That's the sad part of this. They're getting ready because they expect something to happen
because history has had that happen to them before and they don't want to be left their out
So here's the fear. Where is this left coming from?
well in America, it's not coming from the usual places the labor movement in this country is dead
and If it's not dead it is so close to death that it could be dead

Chinese: 
所以反动派从中看不到任何危险
那危险在哪呢？危险在中学大学的年轻人身上
所以反动派极力宣传一种奇幻的观念，就是大学里到处都是马克思主义者
两周半以前，当我在福克斯的演播厅的时候
赫尔曼·凯恩他们一直在讨论马克思主义者
Herman Cain是茶党活动家， 曾参与2012年总统选举，后因性骚扰和通奸指控而终止
肯尼迪，那个女自由派，她说大学里满是马克思主义者
我在美国过了一辈子了，我怎么一个都找不着呢？
我寻寻觅觅，寻寻觅觅
一个道友都没的
大学里没有，我保证，真没有
一个都没吗？当然还是有几个。总是有几个的
但是说大学里到处都是，那肯定不对。
但是他们说对了一点，咱也得说句公道话

English: 
And so they don't see much danger from there
Where is the danger? the danger is in the young people in the Universities in the school
so they developed this kind of fantastic notion that the universities are full of Marxists
when I was on the Fox townhall two and a half weeks ago
Herman Cain and the others kept talking about the Marxist
The Kennedy, the libertarian lady she was told the University full of Marxists.
I spent my entire life in America I never found any
I kept looking to, I was looking for them. I
I needed friends
They are not there. I can assure you they are not there
Are there none? of course not there some. There always are some.
But the notion at the universities of it, No. But it is true but to be fair to them

English: 
What is true is that a university is a place that has still enough space, enough possibility
that if you want to go in a radical direction
There probably be some other students who will do that with you
and there probably be some teachers you'll find who will give... Yes, That's true.
That hasn't been wrung out of the system, but believe me, they're working on it. They are working on it.
If you follow the Koch brothers, they are busily placing their people in many American Universities
they're giving money conditional on whether a professor gets hired or not.
They have some saying that they're trying to shut that risky area down
They particularly worry that universities are places
where the diverse, Anti-systemic movements that exist might come together

Chinese: 
对的是，大学还有足够的空间，足够的可能性
如果你想成为一个激进派
还有一些学生可能会跟着你干
可能也有一些老师能提供帮助。这没错
这些人还没被彻底挤出体制。
但是相信我，反动派已经开始行动了
如果你关注科赫兄弟就知道，他们正忙着在诸多美国大学安插他们自己的人
科赫兄弟（查尔斯·科赫与大卫科赫） 科赫工业集团总裁，美国金钱政治的代表
他们砸钱给学校，条件是雇佣或者不雇佣某个教授
科赫兄弟（查尔斯·科赫与大卫科赫） 科赫工业集团总裁，美国金钱政治的代表
他们有发言权的。他们在试图禁绝这个危险领域
他们尤其担心在大学，
现存的多元化的、反体制的运动会合流

English: 
That the people are angry about racism, or sexism, or homophobia, or you put it
there, at the university, in there, kind of together in the University
and they talk to each other and there might come some kind of scary coming together
and who knows they might make a common cause with unions or at least some unions that are open to it
May be
The other day I read the woman,
The air, the air hostess or what do they call themselves, stewardess?
I can't keep straight - what is it?
Flight attendants, my apology, if I've already offended someone. the woman is Sarah Nelson, I believe is her name
She's head of the Flight Attendants Union. She took the opportunity earlier this year,
I believe it was the celebration of Martin Luther King's birthday
the AFL-CIO Celebrates it each year
and she got up and called for a general strike in the United States
which for a union leader in this country at that time to do.
That audience particularly was I mean

Chinese: 
对种族主义感到愤怒的人，还有反性别歧视的人，反同性恋歧视的人，等等
这些人在大学，团结在一起
然后彼此交流，一致对外，这对反动派来说太可怕了
谁知道他们会不会和工会一起行动或者加入工会啊
有可能。前几天我读到一位女性的故事
空，空姐，还是空嫂，应该叫啥啦？
我又老糊涂了。啥？
空乘！抱歉，如果冒犯了谁的话。
故事的主人公叫萨莎·尼尔森。如果我没记错的话
她是空乘工会的领导。今年的早些时候上任的
我记得是和马丁·路德·金生日庆典一样的时间
劳联-产联每年都会庆祝纪念这个日子
她上台呼吁进行美国全国总罢工
对于一个全国工会领袖这时候这么做……
特别是那位同学，该醒醒了嘿！

English: 
The silence in the room was deafening. I understand but nonetheless
I think it's the fear and that's what the Republicans talking about culture Marxism
Last point, post-modernism and Marxism
I find post-modernism wonderfully interesting
I make use of it. I've learned a lot from it. It is a global intellectual movement. It is about 40 years old now
It has affected every discipline I know of, certainly all the social sciences and certainly all the humanities
Okay, it questions some of the most basic assumptions of Western modern thought
which is why it's Postmodern
it is a powerful intellectual movement and everybody in this room
I would argue, has much to learn from it, Marxists included
okay, I would also think that postmodernists many of whom are very hostile to Marxism

Chinese: 
这里的寂静震耳欲聋啊……我理解，算了不说了
当共和党人谈论文化马克思主义的时候，其实是一种恐惧
最后一点，后现代主义和马克思主义
我发现后现代主义太有意思了
我能用到它，我也从中学到了不少。
它是个全球性的学术思潮。有40年的历史了
影响了所有我知道的学科，当然包括所有的社会科学和人文科学
后现代主义质疑了一些西方现代思想的基本假设
所以叫后现代主义
极为有力的学术思潮，在座的所有人
我认为，都能从中学到很多，包括马克思主义者
我也觉得，后现代主义者，虽然其中不少人很敌视马克思主义

English: 
which they see as a modernist ideology,
they have a lot to learn from Marxism
and I, for one, am interested in bringing them together
so we could get a conversation going and we could learn from one another
but I can assure you that to lump them together is nuts
They don't like each other in the main
the Marxists accused postmodernists of turning young people away from Marxism into some crazy intellectual wasteland
and the postmodernists think of Marxists as silly old mechanical thinkers who haven't understood the problem.
It's just it's sad but the notion of lumping them, the postmodern and Marxism...
What?
This is, this is again ignorance, it's like, the like cultural Marxism. It's...
You're gonna get more and more of it. You're gonna watch the Republicans
Now they're gonna start, you know beating up on socialism to push back on Bernie Sanders

Chinese: 
视其为一种现代主义意识形态
他们也能从马克思主义中学到不少
就个人而言，我很有兴趣把两者带到一起
这样就能相互交流，相互学习
但是我敢肯定，谁要是想把他们融合在一起，那肯定是疯了
他们在本质上相互不待见
马克思主义者指责后现代主义者误导了年轻人，
让他们从马克思主义走向了某种疯狂的学术废土
而后现代主义者觉得马克思主义者又呆又老又机械，
理解不到问题的本质
挺悲哀的。但是把它们融合在一起的想法，后现代和马克思主义……
咋了？
这还是一种无知。就像是文化马克思主义……
这种事你会见得越来越多，你会看到共和党人
他们已经开始了，通过抹黑社会主义来打压伯尼·桑德斯
Bernie Sanders，美国民主党参议员，参加2020年选举。 自称民主社会主义者
Bernie Sanders，美国民主党参议员，参加2020年选举。 自称民主社会主义者

English: 
It's so much a part of American history. Of course, they're gonna dredge that stuff up again.
Well, you know, I think war has always been, in the history of capitalism, the final resort
when you could not solve your problem another way.
It's understood that way by the military. It's understood that way by the people who lead capitalism
I would urge you to understand war doesn't begin with capitalism. Obviously, It's ancient Greece and all the rest
but capitalism has to its name and extraordinary achievement which goes to an earlier question at Marea read
Capitalism produced the first genuine world wars we never had that before
partly because capitalism created a world economy a world market
the 20th century saw World War 1 in World War 2
Together, those wars killed, directly and indirectly, I don't know 100 million people 200 million people

Chinese: 
很符合美国历史的调性，当然他们还会故技重施
Bernie Sanders，美国民主党参议员，参加2020年选举。 自称民主社会主义者
问题：在你看来，战争对资本主义来说， 是一种什么样的工具？
我认为在资本主义历史中，战争一直是终极的解决方案
问题：在你看来，战争对资本主义来说， 是一种什么样的工具？
当其他方式不能解决问题的时候
问题：在你看来，战争对资本主义来说， 是一种什么样的工具？
军方是这么理解的，资本主义领袖也是这么理解的
你知道战争不是直到资本主义才有的，当然，从古希腊以来就有
你必须知道资本主义取得了巨大成就，引发了玛利亚刚才读到的问题
资本主义产生了真正的世界大战，这是之前闻所未闻的
部分原因是资本主义创造了世界性的经济和世界性的市场
20世纪见证了一战和二战
战争中死亡的人数，直接的间接的一共有，我不知道一亿还是两亿
难以形容有多少人。

English: 
Unspeakable number of people and these were wars among capitalist countries fighting with one another
for what they thought their survival depended on
in Germany language like Lebensraum
In German, that means, literally, room to live. The Germans had to have room to live
That's why they had to take Poland or take Czechoslovakia,
or get back the colonies that the Germans had that were taken from them in World War one
they wanted to get them back in World War two
These countries got themselves to a point
where their, in their minds, their survival as capitalist economies depended on the destruction of some enemy,
and I think capitalism has always understood
that the military has to be preserved has to be funded has to be maintained in that way

Chinese: 
这些战争是资本主义国家互相攻伐
为了在他们看来生存所需要的东西
在德语中，类似Lebensraum的词
德语中的字面意思就是“生存空间”，德国人必须争取生存空间
这就是为什么要占领波兰和捷克斯洛伐克
还要把在一战中失去的殖民地再拿回来
要在二战中拿回来
这些国家把自己逼到一个地步
他们想的是，作为资本主义经济体，他们要想生存必须摧毁敌人
我觉得资本主义一直明白
必须以这种方式创建、保留并维护军队

English: 
what is new and what's really an American invention after World War II was the permanent massive army
Before you kept the relatively small and then you mobilized people,
it was called that mobilization, for the war when it became necessary
The technology was such and the American hysteria after the war was such that we didn't do it
And then as Eisenhower told us you're going to develop if you have an army this big and it lasts this long
You're gonna build your society into dependence on that
the American military long ago understood.
it needs to locate its bases. It needs to locate its suppliers all over the country
So all of those people will make sure that the senator and the Congressmen or women from that area support the budget
because that's what comes back and keeps their neighborhood employed

Chinese: 
新的东西是，这也是二战后美国的发明，就是常备大规模军队
在以前，都是让军队保持较小的规模，然后再动员人民
所以叫军事动员，如果战争需要的话
技术上允许了，战后美国又穷兵黩武，所以就没像以前一样
就像艾森豪威尔所说，如果你长时间保持这么大规模的军队
你只能把社会建立在对军队的依赖上
美国军方很久以前就明白了
所以要部署很多基地，并在全国部署供应商
所以这些人会确保当地的参议员和众议员支持军火预算
因为如此预算才能回流，保证该地区的就业

English: 
and so that you've had the industrial-military complex Organized to keep this going
you can see the power of that because it's become the model for others
We have a medical-industrial complex. hospitals, doctors and medical insurers, drug companies
they've gotten together just like the military and ham it up
Which is why we spend not only more than any other part of the world on military, for all of you who don't know,
The United States spends more on the military than the next nine countries together which includes Russia and China Spend
and the same thing with medical. We spend 18 percent of our GDP for medical care
No other country comes even close to spending that kind of money.
They are able to get that because they have built themselves into the fabric of this economy,
so it can't afford not to do it. That's why when we at the end of the Cold War means nothing they can't stop
They have to find the next Cold War and so it's a universal endless war on terror. That'll do

Chinese: 
所以军工复合体集体运作，使之继续
你能感觉它的强大，因为它成别的行业的模板了
我们还有医疗工业复合体，医院、医生、医疗保险和药厂
他们合谋，一起攫取利益，和军方一样
这就是为什么我们的军费不只是世界最高的，有人不知道
美国军费是后九名之和，包括俄罗斯和中国
医疗方面同样如此。我们的医疗支出占GDP的18%
别的国家甚至难以望其项背
他们有能力得到这么多，因为已经把他们自己植入到经济肌理之中了
已经无法承受不这样做的结果了
这也是为什么冷战结束了也没用，他们停不下来了
不得不去寻找下一个冷战。
所以没完没了的全面反恐战争，很有用

English: 
if you haven't got the Russians... then hate the terrorists
and if  that becomes funny because doesn't seem to matter
then imagine caravans from Honduras, you know, those desperately poor people are a danger to this country
But you know, Here's the solemn thing to keep in your mind
When you go back and you study Germany, it was the most culturally developed country in Europe
It's the land of Brahms, Beethoven, Bach, Goethe. my god
what a society they were able to develop
and yet under pressure of capitalism that broke down in 1929
They were able, in their fantasy, to imagine that the whole world was after them
They became paranoid on a scale that is incredible

Chinese: 
俄国人不用对付了，就对付恐怖分子
如果恐怖分子好像没那么恐怖，因而战争变得可笑
那就想象来自洪都拉斯的大篷车
把这些穷得揭不开锅的人说成是美国面临的危险
但是，有一件严肃的事情你要时刻记着
当回头研究德国历史你会发现
德国一度是欧洲文化最发达的地区
那里产生了勃拉姆斯、贝多芬、巴赫、歌德。
天哪，竟然能发展出这样一个社会
然而1929年，在资本主义崩塌的重压之下
他们竟然开始幻想德国人在引领整个世界
他们的偏执程度让人难以置信

English: 
They killed unspeakable numbers of people in a kind of methodical elimination of other members of our own species
that we've never seen before
If you think that's peculiar to the Germans, you're wrong
that is the same mentality
and I say this using my Marxism
That can watch Immigrant children be put in cages
and think that somehow that's necessary that somehow that's reasonable
That is extraordinary
That's an extraordinary cultural moment
and it tells you nothing about the children or the cages or immigration
it tells you about the mentality of a large part of this country is so upset by what they're going through
They don't have the vocabulary or the history or the help to identify what their problem is,
but they are Unspeakably angry
and therefore immune to the kinds of Appeals that normally would have reached them

Chinese: 
杀了难以统计的人。用一种极有条理的方式消灭我们的同类
前无古人
如果你觉得这是德国人的特例，你就错了
正是同样的心理
我用马克思主义方法来说的
看着移民儿童被关在笼子里
2018年开始有报道称，在美墨边境的非法移民看守所， 有不少儿童被关押在笼子里，而且与父母分开，得不到任何照顾
却在某种程度上觉得这是必要的，合理的
2018年开始有报道称，在美墨边境的非法移民看守所， 有不少儿童被关押在笼子里，而且与父母分开，得不到任何照顾
太神奇了吧
这是个有关文化的神奇时刻
这和儿童、笼子、移民都没有关系
只和美国大部分地区的心理有关，
他们对现在的境遇如此忧虑
他们得不到帮助，不了解历史，甚至不知道如何描述问题的本质
但是他们怒火中烧
以至于通常的排解方式对他们已经无效了

Chinese: 
通过教堂，通过思考还是什么别的，完全不管用
特别是在中西部和南部，有很多次
教会成员如此热衷那些孩子的事，说得嘴角都起白沫了
他们在周日谈论基督的慈悲、家庭的价值
然后在周一，却为这些孩子被关在笼子里而欢呼
这是多惊人的成就啊
这些人的心理甚至没有一点儿不和谐
脑子里没有响起警报，来告诉他们哪里不对
这反映了一种深层的苦楚
当你听到总统喊着，美国的经济是最棒的
仿佛生活在穿越了的德国
美国的毒品危机每年造成七八万人的死亡
远远多于在战争中的死亡人数

English: 
Through their church through their own thinking through what? All dead.
It is many times, particularly in the Midwest in the south,
The church members who are foaming at the mouth about this stuff.
who talk about Christian charity and Family Values on Sunday
and then cheer those children in the cages on Monday.
That's an amazing achievement
There's no psychic dissonance for these people.
There's something... No bell goes off about this. There's something wrong in this picture
That's a sign of deep distress
when you hear the president United States say I've got the greatest economy in the world
you really you're living in a time warp
We have an opioid crisis that is killing 70 to 80 thousand people a year in this country
That's way more than the wars kill us

Chinese: 
自杀率高得吓人
美国正在经历一场灾难，看不到结束的希望，越来越不平等
加剧不平等的政策还在呢
高层根本不反思一下，不能再这样下去了
大众甚至根本没意识到，还存在别的制度
资本主义就是历史的终结。我们全都得认命
就像是佩洛西女士一两年前说的，记得吗？
Nancy Pelosi，美国众议院议长，美国史上职位最高的女性
一个学生问她：你怎么看资本主义和社会主义？
Nancy Pelosi，美国众议院议长，美国史上职位最高的女性
她都理解不了这个问题，呆呆地看着那个学生
然后说出了那句有名的话：全世界都是资本主义啊
没毛病啊，一点儿毛病没有
有人对社会主义进行故意的抹黑 你想怎么与之斗争？
去年我受到了博伊西大学师生的邀请，在爱达荷州的博伊西
有人对社会主义进行故意的抹黑 你想怎么与之斗争？
有人对社会主义进行故意的抹黑 你想怎么与之斗争？
这个州我从来没去过
有人对社会主义进行故意的抹黑 你想怎么与之斗争？
这个州我从来没去过

English: 
We have a suicide rate. That's off the chart
This is a disaster what's unfolding in this country and there's no end the inequality gets worse
The policies to make it worse are still in place
there's no self-reflection that this can't go on
and there's no systemic awareness that there even is a system that could be otherwise
Capitalism is the end. It's what we all are
It's like Mrs. Pelosi said, remember? a year or two ago
when a student asked her a question. What about socialism and capitalism?
She couldn't understand what he was talking about and she looked befuddled at him
and she said in those famous words were all capitalists
exactly
exactly
Last year. I got an invitation from the students and faculty at Boise State University in Boise Idaho
a state that I had never visited before

English: 
And I was told by the people who invited me that they would pay my airfare out there something
But they wanted me to know that they the purpose was they had an all-day conference devoted to the work of Jordan Peterson
Would I be willing to debate Jordan Peterson
Now I have to tell you which I do with a bit of ashamed face that I had no idea who Jordan Pederson was
But I had never been to Boise and I would like to see it and it's a State University
And I am committed to going to state universities
Precisely because people like me don't go to state universities anywhere near as often as we should
So I told them yes
And I figured go googled Jordan Peters and find out who this is
And then they made it even more interesting by saying he is famous for saying that no Marxist dares to debate him

Chinese: 
邀请我的人跟我说，他们能报销我的机票什么的
他们还说，此行的目的是参加一个一整天的会议
讨论乔丹·彼得森的作品
问我，愿不愿意跟乔丹·彼得森辩论
我得告诉你们，虽然有点儿不好意思，
我根本不认识乔丹·彼得森
但是我那时没去过博伊西，想去看看，
而且这是个州立大学，我答应自己尽量多去州立大学
因为我这样的人不太常去附近的州立大学，但应该常去的
所以我答应他们了
然后我百度了乔丹·彼得森，看他是何方神圣
最有意思的是，他之所以有名，是因为说过一句话
没有一个马克思主义者胆敢与他舌战！

English: 
So I said you found one so I agreed to do this
A few weeks later they call me back
They were obviously very pissed off and they said to me
He has withdrawn
He didn't do it honestly this is what they tell me
He simply said that his fee has gone up a lot
And there are a state university. They they can't they can't pay what he was asking was enormous and
So he's not coming, but they were so angry. They said we would like you to come anyway, and just
present a talk about
His work and more importantly
Marxism and what you think?
young people in Idaho might get from this which I did and

Chinese: 
所以我说，我从未见过如此厚颜无耻之人！
所以我就答应去了
几周以后，主办方给我回电话
他们显然很生气，告诉我说
那个老哥反悔了
他们跟我说，那老哥毫无诚意
他只说他的出场费涨了，涨了非常多
因为是州立大学嘛，付不起出场费，实在太贵了
所以他就不能去了。但是他们太气了，说即便如此，还是想让我过去
只就他的作品做一个演讲
更重要的是谈谈马克思主义。你觉得怎么样？
爱达荷州的年轻人会受益于此。所以我就做了演讲

English: 
In preparation for it. I released a short video of about
10 minutes
7 minutes in which I commented on
Him, I didn't comment on the psychology professor. So I did just not like to leave it psychology, isn't it?
yeah psychology professor in Canada in Toronto
And I don't comment on that stuff the stuff that I know but he made statements about Marxism and all of that
I know a little bit about that so I  was going to respond to that which I did
and I wasn't insulting him, but I wasn't complimentary. I think his arguments are ...silly
They basically boiled down to how could anyone in their right mind be a Marxist
because Stalin killed a lot of people
I'm always at... there's always a few seconds of me being I couldn't have heard that right...
What? you know, be just WHOO
now I'm used to it so I'm ready for but

Chinese: 
为了准备演讲，我公布了一段视频，大概
10分钟？
用7分钟来评论他
我没评论……他是个心理学教授。不是……我记得是心理学，对吧？
没错，是加拿大多伦多的心理学教授
我不会评论他的专业，那些我不懂
但是他有一些关于马克思主义的说法
我了解点儿马克思主义，所以我评论了那个部分
我没人参攻击，但是也没夸他。我觉得他的论点有点儿二
基本上都归结为：一个心智健全的人怎么可能是一个马克思主义者呢？
毕竟斯大林杀了那么多人
一度有几秒钟，我都听不见动静了
啥？脑袋嗡一下子

Chinese: 
现在我习惯了，但是，我总得控制不吐
他的说法就像是：我不能当一个基督徒，因为有宗教审判
啥玩意？没错宗教审判很糟糕，而且基督教也确实干过
他们基督徒干过各种烂事，但是你得
你得把事情分成不同的部分。这不是找借口，而是要理解
人们做坏事儿的时候，借口可能是任何鬼东西
对吗？美国现在正忙着给阿富汗送去民主呢
我明白这是什么意思。和民主这个词没有关系的
但是我理解这个社会需要说一些类似的彩虹屁
说因为斯大林做过一些烂事，就不该当一个马克思主义者，这也叫论点吗？

English: 
It always takes me the kind of... it's like saying I can't be a Christian because of the Inquisition
What?? you know, yes the Inquisition terrible and yes Christian they did that and they
Christians have done all kinds of horrible things, but you kind of
You kind of separate the thing into its various parts that's not an excuse it's just an understanding
that People can do all kinds of things in the name of God knows what?
Right. The United States is busy bringing democracy to Afghanistan.
Am I understand what that means. It has nothing to do with those words
But I understand this society needs to say crap like that and other okay
But it's an argument that you couldn't possibly be a Marxist because Stalin did something awful

Chinese: 
所以我就用这样的论点开玩笑嘛
把这老哥惹急眼了还。老哥解释，老哥录视频，还胡诌了一点儿
我们有来有回
但是他的论点就是：谁都不可能对马克思主义感兴趣
因为有人以马克思主义之名做过坏事
斯大林自称马克思主义者，做过一些坏事
他非常喜欢说的一点是，希特勒的行为
“纳粹”就是德文词 "National"的头四个字母，意思是“国际的”
纳粹党的全称叫“太长自己看”
国际社会主义者工人党
为啥？因为在当时德国，不用“社会主义”这个词，劳动阶级根本不鸟你

English: 
And so I made fun of this using arguments like that
It bothered him he gave answers, he made videos, He changed the story a little bit
so we've had a bit of a back-and-forth
But his argument really is that you can't possibly be interested in Marxism
Because people using the name Marxist Have done awful things
Stalin referred to himself as a Marxist. He did awful things.
He really enjoyed saying Hitler's movement
that Nazi that those are the first four letters of the German word "National" which means national
and then the full name of the Nazi Party was the "Nationalsozialistische Arbeiterpartei"
The National Socialist Workers Party
Why? because in Germany at that time if you didn't have the word socialist the working wouldn't pay attention to you

English: 
He had to do that in order... but his commitment to socialism was mostly to kill those people
Which if you know anything about the history, you know
people who died in concentration camps in Germany were not just Jews
They were Jews, homosexuals, gypsies, socialists, and communists who were the great enemy of the Nazi
, but to say that he would... SEE? he's a socialist too.
I mean, come on. This is childish for a professor of psychology to use an argument like that
kind of boggles the mind and then he got a little sloppy
Lenin, you know, presided over the deaths. just again the history
Lenin was the guy who made the revolution
But he died shortly thereafter
The revolution is in 1917
Lenin gets a brain aneurysm in 1922 and he's dead in 1923

Chinese: 
元首必须这么叫，才能（掌权）
但这老哥坚持说：社会主义基本就等于大屠杀
如果你对历史了解一点儿，你知道
死在德国集中营的，可不止犹太人
有犹太人，同性恋，吉普赛人，还有社会主义者与共产主义者
而后两者才是纳粹的主要敌人
但是说……看到了吧？元首也是社会主义者！
哎呀拉倒吧。你三岁小孩儿啊？
堂堂心理学教授，还用这种论点？
脑子有屎吧？然后他就开始水了
列宁，死前是主席。
还是得普及点儿历史
列宁是革命的领导者
但是他后来很快就死了
革命发生在1917年
他在1922年得了脑动脉瘤，1923年就死了

Chinese: 
斯大林在这时还啥也不是呢
他把斯大林做的事怪在列宁身上，真有点儿意思
但至少需要某种论证吧？但是这老哥不走流程，直接开喷
你说怪不怪？就像是
高中没上完还可以这么论证，但是这老哥没有任何借口
这纯粹是重复1950年代我们搞出来的那套反共说辞
我连蔑视都觉得掉价
就像是说，美国是邪恶帝国
因为美国是地球上唯一一个扔过原子弹的国家
话倒不假，美国的确扔给日本两个原子弹，没别的国家扔过
这是美国的杰出品质。但是这架不住分析啊

English: 
Stalin isn't even in charge of anything at that time
to blame what Stalin did on Lenin is an interesting move,
but requires the kind of argumentation that Mr. Peterson doesn't think is necessary
the very strange kinds of... and... it is something you know,
a junior high school dropout might be we allowed to reason like that. but this guy has no excuse for this.
This is pure 1950s anti-communism recycled we hashed it.
It's, it's kind of beneath Its kind of beneath contempt, you know
It's like someone who says the United States is evil
because it's the only country on Earth that dropped an atomic bomb on somebody
Let me, that's true. The United States the only country that dropped two atomic bombs on Japan
and that is a distinctive quality and that has to be analyzed

Chinese: 
同样地，斯大林时期的苏联发生的事也得具体分析啊
得试图理解，为什么会发生
不是想洗白，而是试着理解
没法否认的，就在那。是苏联历史的一部分
需要好好地研究，多方面地研究
但是怎么也不能因此就把整个马克思主义一棍子打死啊
太不科学了
一个声称以最高价值出发的人，不该如此草率
可能你们有人不知道，乔丹·彼得森可不是什么好鸟
乔丹·彼得森是某些人的人生导师……我尽量不说脏话
就是那些年轻男人，面对女人确实有些障碍

English: 
just like what happened in Russia under Stalin has to be analyzed
and you try to Understand it and why did that happen
and not an excuse of it but to try to to make sense of it
You can't escape it. It's there. It's part of the history of the Soviet Union
and has to be dealt with better and different
but it's a notion that it is, therefore, the reason to throw the entire Marxist can out of the window
That's not serious that... that is a hatchet job,
which should not pass the lips of a person who claims to be Driven by the highest sort of values
but that's not, you know, Jordan Peterson for those of you that don't know of any, in that's not what he's about.
Jordan Peterson is a guru for..., I'm gonna try to be polite,
young men who are having real troubles relating to young women

English: 
Who really want to, but don't really know how to
and are very frustrated
and very lonely and feel bad about all of this
and he tells them it's not their fault
No, no, no
No, although you know he may get to that
mostly, it's the fault of the women
the fault of the young women, who are
Whatever
I'm not with it. It's not my field and I don't want to comment on it,
but it, it sure sounds like He's a walking self-help book
Of the sort you shouldn't buy

Chinese: 
他们有想法，但是不知道怎么实施
因此很沮丧
很孤独，很难受
这老哥告诉他们：这不是你们的错
听不清，请发挥想象
不、不、不
听不清，请发挥想象
听不清，请发挥想象
不是，但是他也快了
听不清，请发挥想象
告诉他们，多数是女人的错
年轻女人的错。她们……什么什么的
算了，不是我的专业，不埋汰他了
但能肯定，他就像一锅行走的鸡汤
喝了能药死你
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