This video was made possible thanks to our
friends over at hollywood health and society
who sponsored this video.
Hey there!
Welcome to Life Noggin.
In the world of science, it’s not just about
coming up with the latest and greatest equation
or piece of tech, but also making sure that
it can indeed help the world.
That's where the science of medicine comes
in.
Before a doctor can prescribe a drug or treatment,
it has to be tested in clinical trials to
verify it's both effective and safe for people
to use.
So, just what is a clinical trial you might
ask?
Well, using volunteers or participants, a
clinical trial is a research study that’s
meant to evaluate a new or existing medical,
surgical, or behavioral intervention.
They let us see if a specific treatment — maybe
a medical device like a pacemaker or a vaccine
to prevent chicken pox — is safe, effective,
and if it has any bad side effects… which
are all very important!
Because we are all different, drugs don’t
affect everyone the same way.
Your sex, age, and ethnicity can play significant
roles in certain health risks.
For instance, according to the National Cancer
Institute, the incidence and mortality rates
of kidney cancer are twice as high in men
as they are in women.
For most major cancers, black Americans have
the highest mortality rate, while white women
have the highest incidence rates for breast
cancer and Asian Americans are the most likely
to get liver and stomach cancers.
So, if you just conduct a clinical trial on
one part of the population, you could be missing
a lot!
That’s why it’s very important for clinical
trials and research to have diverse participants.
I mean, you should be testing whatever you’re
coming up with on the people it’s meant
to help.
The FDA themselves even say that medical products
are safer and more effective for all of us
when we have diversity in our clinical research.
That said, there's some legitimate concerns
around clinical trials, mostly with people
of color—and much of it traces back to the
40-year Tuskegee Study on the treatment of
syphilis in black Americans.
Back in 1932, this study involved 600 black
men — 399 with syphilis, and 201 without
it — who, in exchange for being a part of
the study, were told they would get adequate
treatment.
But that didn't happen.
Even when penicillin became the go-to treatment
in 1947, researchers didn't offer it to the
participants or give them a chance to quit
the study... which lasted for another 25 years.
Many men died and some of their loved ones
contracted the disease.
Saying it went really bad is an understatement.
To prevent another study like Tuskegee, the
government passed the National Research Act
in 1974, which added many rules and regulations
to protect participants and ensure every study
meets a host of ethical standards before it's
approved.
If you volunteer for a clinical trial today,
rest assured, there's a whole network of Institutional
Review Boards, or IRBs, that guarantee your
safety and protection in the research.
Despite this, the FDA reported in 2011 that
African Americans represent 12 percent of
the U.S. population, but still only 5 percent
of clinical trial participants.
Hispanic and Latino Americans make up 16 percent
of the U.S. population, but only about one
percent participate in clinical trials.
It’s all pretty clear —we need to accurately
represent our populations.
The Center for Information and Study on Clinical
Research Participation makes strides toward
this.
It’s a nonprofit organization that educates
the public about the clinical research process,
and also makes ongoing trials easier to locate
so more people can volunteer.
Seems like a pretty smart mission.
Because if everyone participates in research
studies and clinical trials, our medicines
and treatments will be safer and more effective.
And that's not just a dream… it's science.
So would you ever sign up for a clinical trial?
Have you participated in one in the past?
Let me know in the comment section below,
or tell me, what should we talk about next?
Down in the description we have a very quick
survey about this clinical trials video.
It would really help us if you let us know
your thoughts.
Check it out before you go.
As always my name is Blocko, this has been
Life Noggin, don't forget to keep on thinking!
