We are not eternal, at least in our solar
system.
And there can be many reasons, from viral
diseases to the extinction of our star.
Let's look at what we can disappear from the
face of the earth in the near future.
Indeed, most recently, the Global Challenges
Global Fund released a report on the dangers
that threaten the death of all of humanity.
Climatic disaster.
The proportion of carbon in the Earth’s
atmosphere is now the highest during observations.
The reason for this is the development of
technology, industry, population growth and,
accordingly, consumption.
If the current level of emissions in the atmosphere
continues, then there is a likelihood of an
increase in the average temperature on the
earth by 6 degrees Celsius.
As a result, the polar ice will begin to melt,
and the oceans will flood the most inhabited
regions of Europe and America.
Nuclear disaster.
In 2014, there were more than 90 thousand
nuclear warheads ready for dispatch in the
world.
Most of them in the USA are 4,760 and 4,300
in Russia.
In 1979, experts at the American technology
office calculated that if USA and Soviet nuclear
exchanges were exchanged, up to 40 percent
of the population would die immediately, several
million more in a few years, from radiation,
burns and other related factors.
Another serious danger is nuclear winter.
According to rough estimates, a nuclear war
between the United States and Russia will
lead to a temperature drop of 8 degrees Celsius,
and will make food production impossible for
4-5 years.
Even the exchange of a small amount of nuclear
strikes between India and Pakistan will lead
to a drop in earth temperature by 1.25 degrees
Celsius, and 1 billion people will starve.
Pandemic.
Almost a hundred years ago, the Spanish pandemic
reduced the world's population by 5 percent,
but this was before modern medicine, with
antibiotics and bioengineering.
The last, relatively large pandemic of the
H5N1 flu occurred in 2010.
However, the authors of the report note that
the risk of death from viral diseases is still
high.
Especially in regions with underdeveloped
medicine, for example, in Africa, where the
recent Ebola epidemic claimed the lives of
more than 10 thousand people.
Predicting when the next pandemic will occur,
as well as mortality from it, is quite difficult.
For example, the British National Risk Register
estimates the likelihood of an epidemic dying
of more than 1 percent of a country's population
in the next five years.
Natural disasters not related to humans.
For example, a grandiose eruption of a volcano
or a collision of the earth with an asteroid.
70 thousand years ago, the discharge from
the eruption of the Toba supervolcano in Indonesia,
which blocked access to sunlight, reduced
the temperature on the earth by 3.5 degrees
Celsius.
An effect similar to the result of a nuclear
war.
It is almost impossible to accurately predict
the eruption of such a supervolcano.
It is only known that they are active once
every 30-50 thousand years.
A collision with an asteroid about 66 million
years ago could lead to the extinction of
dinosaurs.
Now the fall to the ground of an object with
a diameter of up to 1.5 kilometers can lead
to a cooling, reduction of habitable lands
and population decline.
According to the USA National Research Center,
approximately 10 percent.
If an asteroid with a diameter of about 10
kilometers falls to the earth, this could
lead to the death of mankind.
Man-made epidemic.
There are already scientific studies that
show the possibility of artificially creating
the H5N1 virus.
In 2001, Australia accidentally created a
vaccine-resistant form of mouse pox.
Theoretically, such a virus could be in the
hands of terrorists.
Legal theorist Richard Pozner believes that,
having captured the virus, attackers can provoke
an epidemic by spraying it over a big city
with an aerosol.
The source of risk may be the research laboratories
themselves, which are engaged in the creation
of dangerous pathogens to combat them, and
other diseases.
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