

**VOLUME 3, ISSUE 10   •  MAY 6, 2017**

Table of Contents

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VATICAN NEWS

Pope Francis to visit Egypt on April 28-29

Program of the Apostolic trip of His Holiness Francis in Egypt (28-29 April 2017)

Despite deadly attacks, Pope Francis will still go to Egypt

Video Message of the Holy Father Francis on the occasion of his imminent Apostolic Trip to Egypt

Pope Francis refuses bullet-proof vehicle for Egypt trip

Vatican praised, cautioned on dialogue with Al-Azhar University

Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Welcome ceremony at the International Airport of Cairo, welcome ceremony at the Presidential Palace and Courtesy Visit to the President of the Republic

Pope Francis in Egypt: To kill in the name of God is blasphemy

Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Courtesy visit to the Grand Imam of Al-Azhar and address to the participants in the International Conference for Peace at the Al-Azhar Conference Center

Pope tells Egypt's authorities they have key role in brokering peace

Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Meeting with the Authorities in the Hotel Al-Masah in Cairo

Our martyrs' blood unites us, Francis tells Coptic Orthodox patriarch

Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Courtesy visit to His Holiness Pope Tawadros II

Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Signing of the Common Declaration

Our only 'fanaticism' should be love, Pope tells Egypt's Catholics

Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Holy Mass at the 'Air Defense Stadium' in Cairo

Pope tells Egypt religious to never fear or flee from the cross

Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Prayer meeting with clergy, men and women religious, and seminarians at the Coptic-Catholic Patriarchal Seminary of Maadi

Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Farewell ceremony upon departure from Egypt and telegram to the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt

Pope Francis talks nuclear war, North Korea during in-flight presser

Full text of Pope Francis' in-flight presser from Egypt

Order of Malta elects interim Grand Master amid ongoing reform

Audience with Italian Catholic Action

The Pope's words at the Regina Coeli prayer

Pope Francis: Work is more than money, it's about the person

Vatican group talks new ways to help poor, marginalized

Pope Francis: Closed hearts cause suffering in the Church

General Audience: Holy Father Pope Francis' reflections on his recent Apostolic trip to Egypt

Papal visit completes anniversary celebrations, Fatima bishop says

Pope urges Vatican communications to go digital amid ongoing reform

Trump to meet Pope Francis at the Vatican on May 24

Solanus Casey, Cardinal Van Thuan among those advanced toward sainthood

Vatican, Myanmar officially establish diplomatic ties

WORLD NEWS

Egyptians filled with hope by Pope Francis' message of peace

Our Lady of Fatima is coming to the United Nations

Religious brothers push back on euthanasia directive for Catholic hospitals

Why it might be too soon to lift the sanctions on Sudan

Demolished cross in India sparks outrage among Catholics

U.S. NEWS

Arkansas executions damage 'our whole society,' Catholic group says

White House advisor reiterates Trump's commitment to religious freedom

Major pro-life advocate Charmaine Yoest appointed to key HHS role

In Trump's first 100 days, Catholics find a mixed bag

Catholics call survival 'miraculous' after tornado hits church

Dozens of lawmakers press Trump for religious freedom protection

What Catholics like and dislike in the new spending bill

Trump's executive order hailed as critical, but just a 'first step'

FEATURES

Movie review: 'The Circle'

Mexican beauty queen makes 'radical' move to religious life

Jim Caviezel takes on wide slate of topics in fascinating new interview

Pride, humility, and social media

St. Padre Pio's relics are touring the U.S.

SCRIPTURE READINGS

Sunday • May 7, 2017

Monday • May 8, 2017

Tuesday • May 9, 2017

Wednesday • May 10, 2017

Thursday • May 11, 2017

Friday • May 12, 2017

Saturday • May 13, 2017
_The Catholic Digital News 2017-05-06_

_Special Issue: Pope Francis in Egypt_

The Weekly Newsmagazine for the Church of the 21st Century

Volume 3, Issue 10 • May 6, 2017

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VATICAN NEWS

**Pope Francis to visit Egypt on April 28-29**

_by Hannah Brockhaus (CNA/EWTN News)  • March 18, 2017_

Pope Francis meets with the grand imam Sheik Ahmed Muhammad Al Tayyib at the Vatican on May 23, 2016. (L'Osservatore Romano)

**Vatican City** -- In what will be his first international trip of the year, Pope Francis will be traveling to Cairo, Egypt, April 28-29, showing that interfaith dialogue is a priority.

He will visit the country in response to an invitation from His Holiness Pope Tawadros II and the Grand Imam of the Mosque of al Azhar, Sheikh Ahmed Mohamed el-Tayyib, as well as Egypt's president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and the bishops of the local Catholic Church, a March 18 Vatican communique announced.

While the full program for the Pope's the trip will be published shortly, he will almost certainly visit Al-Azhar University in Cairo, which has recently partnered with the Vatican to discuss combatting religious justification for violence in a warming of relations between the two.

The Pope's trip will likely focus largely on inter-faith dialogue and Catholic-Muslim relations - especially in combating Christian persecution - continuing dialogue from a seminar Vatican officials attended in February.

Cardinal Jean-Louis Tauran, president of the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, along with the council's secretary and the head of their Office for Islam, traveled to Cairo Feb. 24 to participate in the special seminar at Al-Azhar University.

They discussed the theme "The role of al-Azhar al-Sharif and of the Vatican in countering the phenomena of fanaticism, extremism and violence in the name of religion."

Persecution of Christians has long been an issue in Egypt, with a recent spike in attacks causing even more reason for alarm.

There have been 40 reported murders of Christians in Egypt in the last three months, His Grace Bishop Angaelos, general bishop of the Coptic Orthodox Church in the United Kingdom, said in a statement Feb 28.

Twenty-nine were killed in a bombing at St. Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral in Cairo in December. The Islamic State took credit for the bombing and released a video threatening to target Christian "crusaders" in Egypt.

Since the video's release, more Christians have been killed in Egypt and hundreds have reportedly fled their homes in the Sinai region in the north of the country after several murders there, the group In Defense of Christians said.

Egyptian society was also profoundly shocked by the beheading in Libya of 20 Orthodox Coptic faithful and a companion by Islamic State militants in February 2015.

Pope Francis was invited to visit Egypt by Coptic Catholic bishops during their ad limina visit at the Vatican Feb. 6, during which they also gave a report on the state of the Church in their country.

The Pope had also received an invitation to visit Egypt from the country's president and from the Grand Imam of al Azhar, Ahmed el-Tayyeb, who occupies a prestigious place in the Sunni Muslim world.

Al Tayyeb paid a visit to the Vatican May 23, 2016 for a meeting with Pope Francis, which marked a major step in thawing relations between the al-Azhar institution and the Holy See, which were strained in 2011 with claims that Pope Benedict XVI had "interfered" in Egypt's internal affairs by condemning a bomb attack on a church in Alexandria during the time of Coptic Christmas.

Since then relations have continued to move forward at a surprisingly fast pace, leading to the Oct. 21 announcement from the Vatican that sometime this spring the Holy See and the Al-Azhar Mosque and adjunct University will officially resume dialogue.

Francis' visit to Cairo and to the University in April will likely mark the official resumption of this dialogue.

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VATICAN NEWS

**Program of the Apostolic trip of His Holiness Francis in Egypt (28-29 April 2017)**

_The Holy See Press Office  • April 3, 2017_

**Vatican City** -- The following is the complete program of the Apostolic trip of His Holiness Pope Francis in Egypt on April 28-29, 2017:

**Friday 28 April 2017**

Departure by air from Rome-Fiumicino airport for Cairo (10:45)

Arrival at Cairo International Airport (14:00)

Official Welcome

Welcome Ceremony in the Presidential Palace in Heliopolis

Courtesy Visit to Ahmed el-Tayyeb, Grand Imam of Al-Azhar University

Address to the Participants in the International Conference on Peace

Meeting with Egyptian Authorities (16:40)

Courtesy Visit to His Holiness Pope Tawadros II of the Coptic Orthodox Church

**Saturday 29 April 2017**

Holy Mass (10:00)

Lunch with Coptic Catholic bishops and the Papal entourage (12:15)

Prayer Meeting with the Clergy, Religious, and Seminarians (15:15)

Farewell Ceremony

Departure by air from Cairo International Airport (17:00)

Arrival at Rome-Ciampino Airport (20:30)

Copyright (C) Libreria Editrice Vaticana (vatican.va)
VATICAN NEWS

**Despite deadly attacks, Pope Francis will still go to Egypt**

_by Hannah Brockhaus (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 10, 2017_

Pope Francis arrives in St. Peter's Square for the General Audience on Sept. 21, 2016. (Daniel Ibanez/CNA)

**Vatican City** -- The Vatican confirmed Monday that Pope Francis' trip to Egypt at the end of the month will go on as planned, despite terrorist attacks which killed more than 43 people during Palm Sunday celebrations in the country.

The Director of the Holy See Press Office, Greg Burke, told journalists April 10 that "the Pope's trip to Egypt proceeds as scheduled." The Pope himself also confirmed that the trip will take place, according to Franciscan Fr. Marco Tasca.

During a meeting April 10 with General Ministers of the Franciscan Order, Francis "very firmly confirmed his trip to Egypt," Fr. Tasca said, adding that he is "very informed."

Pope Francis plans to visit the Egyptian capital of Cairo April 28-29, in what is largely a bid to foster greater Catholic-Muslim dialogue, particularly on the point of ending extremist violence.

The first of Sunday's attacks, a bomb at the Coptic Christian church of Mar Gerges in the northern city of Tanta, Egypt killed 27 people and wounded at least 71 more, according to BBC News.

A second blast took place shortly after outside of a Christian church in Alexandria, killing 17 and injuring another 35. The man, a suicide bomber, had tried to storm the entrance to the church before being stopped by police, three of whom died in the blast. ISIS has claimed responsibility for both attacks.

The attack in Alexandria narrowly missed harming the Coptic Patriarch Pope Tawadros II, who was participating in Mass inside the church.

After celebrating Palm Sunday Mass April 9, Pope Francis prayed for victims of "the attack that unfortunately took place today near Cairo," voicing his closeness to Coptic Patriarch Pope Tawadros II, to and to the entire Coptic nation.

"I express my heartfelt sorrow," he said, praying that the Lord would "convert the hearts of those who sow fear, violence and death, and those who make and traffic arms."

His Holiness Pope Tawadros II is one of the religious leaders Pope Francis plans to meet with while in Cairo at the end of April. His schedule will also include a meeting with the Grand Imam of Al-Azhar, Ahmed el-Tayyeb.

The Pope will leave Rome at 10:45 am, April 28, arriving in Cairo around 2:00 pm.

After a brief welcoming ceremony and visit with Egypt's President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, Pope Francis and the Grand Imam will each give a speech at an international conference on peace.

Francis will then meet with state authorities and with the head of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, Pope Tawadros II.

On Saturday, April 29, Pope Francis will celebrate Mass in the morning, followed by a meeting with Egypt's bishops over lunch. Pope Francis was invited to visit Egypt by Coptic Catholic bishops during their ad limina visit at the Vatican Feb. 6, during which they also gave a report on the state of the Church in their country.

In the afternoon Francis will meet with priests, religious and seminarians followed by a farewell ceremony before boarding the papal plane, which is scheduled to leave Cairo at 5:00 pm, arriving in Rome at 8:30 pm.

For a community already suffering from an attack which killed 30 at a church connected to the main Coptic Christian cathedral in Cairo in December 2016, Sunday's attacks have given rise to even greater concern over the security in Egypt.

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VATICAN NEWS

**Video Message of the Holy Father Francis on the occasion of his imminent Apostolic Trip to Egypt**

_The Holy See Press Office  • April 25, 2017_

**Vatican City** -- The following is the full text of the Holy Father's video message, to be broadcast this morning to the Egyptian people on the occasion of the imminent apostolic trip in Egypt.

**Video Message of the Holy Father**

Dear people of Egypt! _Al Salam o Alaikum_! (Peace be with you!)

With a joyful and grateful heart I will come in a few days' time to visit your dear homeland: cradle of civilization, gift of the Nile, land of sun and hospitality, where Patriarchs and Prophets lived and where God, Clement and Merciful, the One and Almighty, made His voice heard.

I am truly happy to come as a friend, as a messenger of peace and as a pilgrim to the Country that gave, more than two thousand years ago, refuge and hospitality to the Holy Family fleeing from the threats of King Herod (cfr. Mt 2:1-26). I am honored to visit the land visited by the Holy Family!

I greet you cordially and thank you for having invited me to visit Egypt, which you call " _Umm il Dugna_ " (Mother of the Universe)!

I warmly thank Mr. President of the Republic, His Holiness the Patriarch Tawadros II, the Great Imam of Al-Azhar and the Coptic Catholic Patriarch who have invited me; and I thank each one of you, who make space for me in your hearts. I also thank all those people who have worked, and are working, to make this trip possible.

I hope that this visit will be an embrace of consolation and of encouragement to all Christians in the Middle East; a message of friendship and esteem to all inhabitants of Egypt and the region; a message of fraternity and reconciliation to all children of Abraham, particularly in the Islamic world, in which Egypt occupies a primary position. I hope that it may also offer a valid contribution to interreligious dialogue with the Islamic world, and to ecumenical dialogue with the venerated and beloved Coptic Orthodox Church.

Our world, torn by blind violence, which has also afflicted the heart of your dear land - needs peace, love and mercy; it needs workers for peace, free and liberating people, courageous people able to learn from the past to build a future without closing themselves up in prejudices; it needs builders of bridges of peace, dialogue, brotherhood, justice, and humanity.

Dear Egyptian brothers, young and elderly, women and men, Muslims and Christians, rich and poor ... I embrace you warmly and ask God Almighty to bless you and protect your country from every evil.

Please, pray for me! _Shukran wa Tahia i Misr_! (Thank you, and long live Egypt!)

Copyright (C) Libreria Editrice Vaticana (vatican.va)
VATICAN NEWS

**Pope Francis refuses bullet-proof vehicle for Egypt trip**

_CNA/EWTN News  • April 25, 2017_

Pope Francis at the General Audience in St. Peter's Square on Sept. 7, 2016. (Daniel Ibanez/CNA)

**Vatican City** -- Pope Francis will not use a bulletproof vehicle during his trip to Egypt this weekend, despite recent terror attacks against Christians in the country, according to Reuters.

"The Pope will use a closed car to move around, but not an armored one," Vatican spokesman Greg Burke confirmed yesterday. "That's how he wanted it."

This is not the first time Pope Francis has done so - he typically prefers to travel in more open vehicles, or ones that are not bulletproof, because he feels that allows him to better interact with the people on the streets.

Pope Francis will be traveling to Cairo, Egypt, April 28-29 for his first international trip of the year. Interfaith dialogue with Muslims and showing solidarity with persecuted Christians will be main priorities of the trip.

His trip comes after several recent attacks on Christian in the country.

In December, a bombing at Cairo's main Coptic cathedral killed at least 25 people and wounded dozens of others, most of them women and children.

On Palm Sunday, the bombing of two Coptic churches killed 43 and injured more than 100 others.

Last week, gunmen attacked security forces near the famous St Catherine's Monastery in the Sinai desert, killing a police officer and injuring three others. This attack and the church bombings were all claimed by ISIS.

Egypt's president has declared a three-month state of emergency in the country following the Palm Sunday attacks. Despite the risk, the Vatican announced earlier this month that the Pope's trip to Egypt would continue as planned.

Pope Francis was invited to visit Egypt by Coptic Catholic bishops during their visit at the Vatican Feb. 6. The Pope had also received an invitation to visit Egypt from the country's president and from the Grand Imam of al Azhar, Ahmed el-Tayyeb, after his visit to the Vatican in the spring of 2016, marking a thaw in Vatican-Muslim relations in Egypt.

During his trip, Pope Francis will meet with the Grand Imama state officials, leaders of Egypt's Catholic Coptic and Orthodox Coptic churches, and Catholic priests and religious of the country.

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VATICAN NEWS

**Vatican praised, cautioned on dialogue with Al-Azhar University**

_by Elise Harris (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 27, 2017_

Al-Azhar University in Egypt. (Waj via Shutterstock)

**Vatican City** -- A leading scholar in the Arab world has applauded the goodwill of both the Vatican and the prestigious Islamic Al-Azhar university Pope Francis will visit for aiming to increase Catholic-Muslim dialogue.

But she also issued a warning that goodwill isn't enough for things to change.

"Dialogue is good, generally any dialogue is good. Any kind of debate and any steps to show goodwill, to show a commitment, to show a recognition of the other in principle is very good," Mariz Tadros told CNA in an interview.

However, "the extent to which this will translate into a change in eliminating or reducing the appeal of militant Islam, that's what I'm questioning."

Tadros, who spoke over Skype from the U.K., is an author and scholar on persecution in the Arab world. She is currently a fellow at the Institute of Development Studies at Sussex University in the U.K.

She spoke ahead of Pope Francis' April 28-29 visit to Cairo, where he is set to meet with Coptic Pope Tawadros II and the Grand Imam of the Mosque of al Azhar, Sheikh Ahmed Mohamed el-Tayyib, as well as Egypt's president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi and the bishops of the local Catholic Church.

His visit comes as the result of a recent thawing in relations between the Vatican and the Al-Azhar University, which had been strained since 2011. The imam of Al-Azhar is considered by some Muslims to be the highest authority the 1.5-billion strong Sunni Muslim world and oversees Egypt's Al-Azhar Mosque and the prestigious University attached to it.

Dialogue picked up between the two after el-Tayyib visited the Vatican in May 2016 with a message condemning the acts of Islamic fundamentalism, culminating a year later in the Pope's visit to Egypt this weekend.

However, in addition to the heightened prospect for dialogue, the trip will also have an inevitable undertone of the very real risks Christians still face in Egypt, particularly from extremist factions of militant Islam.

While Catholic-Muslim dialogue has picked up over the past year, so have attacks against Coptic Christians.

According to His Grace Bishop Angaelos, general bishop of the Coptic Orthodox Church in the United Kingdom, there have been at least 40 reported murders of Christians in Egypt in the past four months alone.

In February 2015, Egyptian society was shocked by the grisly beheading 20 Orthodox Coptic faithful in Libya carried out by ISIS, the video of which was circulated online. The extremists have also claimed responsibility for several other high-profile attacks, including a bombing at St. Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral in Cairo in December that killed 29 people.

Most recently, ISIS claimed responsibility for twin bombings in Tanta and Alexandria April 9 that left some 45-people dead. The blasts took place on Palm Sunday, one of the holiest days in the Christian calendar commemorating Jesus' entrance into Jerusalem before his Passion and Death.

With these attacks looming closely in the rear-view mirror, many are asking whether the Pope's attention to dialogue with Islam, particularly his relationship with Al-Azhar and his trip to Egypt, will make a difference.

**The debate surrounding Al-Azhar**

According to Tadros, the prospect of any dialogue is good and shouldn't be discouraged. However, she cautioned that despite the well-intentioned gesture of meeting with the Pope and cementing good relations with the Holy See, there is still cause for concern regarding al-Ahar - particularly the university's duplicitous curriculum.

"When we look at institutions such as al-Azher, there have been many Egyptian non-Islamist Muslims, very progressive Muslims, who have sought to hold Al-Azhar accountable for the duality of its discourse," she said.

On one hand, "Al-Azhar will sit with you and say we love you, we care for you, we're all one citizenship, we're all one people." But on the other hand, "if you look at the syllabi, what they are teaching the generations of scholars that graduate from that university about the religious other, it is horrendous."

What they are teaching is "undoubtedly a message that these are infidels, and at best they should be tolerated and at worst, killing them is not such a travesty."

If one actually looks at what comes out of Al-Azhar, "there's a massive, massive disconnect between the public discourse and what is being taught to people across the country," she said, explaining that there have been several moderate Muslim activists who have called on the university to reform their syllabi, including a man who was jailed for his activism, but who has recently been released.

While Al-Azhar is seen by many militant Islamic groups as lacking legitimacy for not following the "right path" of Islam, others have criticized the university for failing to speak out strongly enough when condemning extremist groups such as ISIS.

Many have asked Al-Azhar to put their money where their mouth is, so to speak, and declare ISIS as "un-Islamic." In short, it's no longer good enough to simply condemn what they are doing, but the entity itself must be recognized as not being faithful to the Muslim religion.

"As a Christian you can tell me, 'if you lie that is not consistent with Christianity,' but you are not telling me, 'for shooting people in the name of Christianity, you no longer belong to Christianity.' Do you see the difference?" Tadros said.

But when it comes to Al-Azhar, they have "consistently cowed away from declaring ISIS as not part of the Islamic community."

Although some might say making such a declaration is playing into the game of name-calling and labeling one another as infidels, Tadros stressed that "unless you tell the broader international community that those who kill and maim and commit genocide in the name of Islam no longer are part of the Islamic community, they do not have the right to claim themselves as Muslim," nothing will change.

That, she said, is "a very different story and they have cowed away from doing that."

Tadros clarified that she is "in no way" saying that dialogue between Pope Francis and al-Tayeeb isn't good or that it shouldn't happen. "All I'm saying is let's not count on that as a way of making militant Islam less appealing."

She stressed that there are "a lot of Muslims" that have shown solidarity with Christians in Egypt, including speaking out on their behalf after the most recent bombings earlier this month, proving that not all Muslims espouse the radical views of ISIS or other like-minded branches.

However, while not all Muslims are extremists, she said history has proven that no matter how much dialogue is done, fundamentalism will never entirely disappear from Islam.

When asked if she thought this was a realistic eventual outcome of the dialogue between the Vatican and Al-Azhar, she said "absolutely not."

"I think that is the biggest myth that exists in the West and it's a myth that history has dispelled and is it a myth, the perpetuation of which, only serves to increase the vulnerability of religious minorities in the Middle East. In fact, I would say it directly contributes to it."

The growing threat of militant Islam "is one that we should not take lightly," she said, "because they are networked."

"Even though organizationally they follow different leaders, there are links between them, they are well-resourced, they are recruiting people globally from around the world, and they represent an existential threat to Christians and religious pluralism and all kinds of pluralism in the region."

So while the importance of dialogue as an expression of finding common values and forging friendships across religions should be appreciated, it should only be valued to the extent that true goodwill and respect for the religious other result, she said.

"But I do support those who challenge their effectiveness in making militant Islam more appealing or undermining its power and influence and implications for Christian minorities."

**A history of persecution**

Christian persecution has happened on and off for centuries in Egypt, but this intolerance recently spiked in the 1970s under President Anwar Sadat, who empowered radical Islamists, but was assassinated by fundamentalist army officers in 1981.

A period of higher tolerance ensued after Sadat's death, but attacks targeting Christians picked back up during the Egyptian Revolution of 2011.

The 2011 revolution, part of the Arab Spring, had overthrown Hosni Mubarak, a military officer who had been Egypt's president since 1981. The following year Morsi, of the Islamist movement the Muslim Brotherhood, became the first democratically elected Egyptian president.

On July 3, 2013, Egypt's military ousted Morsi, and in August began a crackdown on the Muslim Brotherhood. Violence then spread across the country, with Islamists killing hundreds of people from August to October. Churches were vandalized, burned, and looted, as were the homes and businesses of Christians.

In January 2014, the interim government approved a new constitution, leading to the May 2014 election of Abdel Fattah el-Sisi as the country's new president. The elections were boycotted by the Muslim Brotherhood as well as other political groups.

Tadros explained that part of the chaos after the revolution was due to "a complete breakdown in public safety and law and order" in which police left the streets and organized groups of "thugs" took over, meaning public safety was no longer a guarantee.

With a lack of secure borders given the crisis in Egypt and the collapse of nearby Libya, extremists became emboldened, and began smuggling and trading weapons with greater confidence and ease.

Radical Islam also began to take on different forms in this time, Tadros said, explaining that whereas previously terrorists were homegrown and committed smaller acts of violence, the rise of factions such as ISIS looking to impose maximum damage through suicide bombs is new.

"The fact that ISIS is now a player is a game-changer," she said, explaining that with an increase in deadly attacks, there is greater need for security. However, she voiced doubt that the current state of emergency declared by el-Sisi in wake of the April 9 bombings will be effective in terms of protecting Copts.

From a scholarly and historic point of view, emergency law has done nothing, she said, noting that it was implemented by both Mubarak and Morsi when they were in power, "and in both cases it was not conducive to the well-being of the Egyptian population in general."

Since his election el-Sisi has been praised for receiving representatives from both the Orthodox and Catholics, as well as Protestants.

However, even though the situation has "officially" improved under el-Sisi, who has said and done the right things, Tadros said the improvement is due not so much to el-Sisi's efforts as it is to the fact that Morsi was driven from power.

"The situation under el-Sisi is very complicated, because on the one hand there is an improvement in the Copts' everyday experience. Not directly as a consequence of any of el-Sisi's policies by any stretch of the imagination, but it is an unintended outcome of ousting Morsi," she said.

"Never in the modern history of the Copts have they been such a target of militant targeting as they are today," she said, explaining that if fundamentalists want to target Copts, there is realistically little that can be done to stop them.

**How can Christians be helped?**

With Christians in Egypt increasingly becoming a target of systematic violence and a bleak prospect of effective help from the government, Tadros suggested several things that can be done now to help the 9 million-strong Coptic community in Egypt.

First, "security is crucial," she said, explaining that the ability to ensure basic protection of schools, places of worship such as churches and monasteries, and faith-based organizations, "is extremely important."

Another essential help is "drying out the sources of funding," Tadros said, noting that currently "we do have a problem with Saudi Arabia, Qatar and other Arab countries funding Islamist movements."

"They have to be named and shamed, and even if it goes to the point of economic sanctions against any country that funds Islamist movements, that would significantly help the Christians," she said, adding that this is "one of those unintended outcomes: if you remove their sources of income, they can't buy arms, and therefore their ability to strike is significantly decreased."

A third option Tadros mentioned is the growth and promotion of solidarity among the different churches in the region. As an example, the scholar noted how Pope Francis called Coptic Pope Tawadros personally to offer his sympathies after the April 9 attacks.

"We need to see more of that," she said, stressing the need for Christians of all rites and practices to band together, because "divided we fall, united we're strong."

Finally, she pointed to the importance of raising awareness in international Christian communities of the "existential threat" that Christians in the Middle East face.

"We're no longer talking about what we saw in Egypt four or five years ago where it's a number of Muslim mobs burning a number of houses," she said. "We are now talking about a broader, new strategic plan to eliminate Christianity from the region."

The global community, she said, needs to "raise awareness and sensitize their congregations of the need to support the churches in the Middle East" in various ways, such as through prayer and concrete initiatives that will help those who have lost everything to rebuild their lives.

Another important aspect is "strengthening local Christian civil society," she said, "because sometimes Church leadership, such as in the case of Egypt, find themselves in a position where they can't come out and criticize governments, there's too much at stake."

"So you need Christian civil society that play the role of monitoring the situation, raising alarm bells when they see signs of genocide and of strengthening local initiatives."

Holding governments accountable is also part of the equation, she said, sometimes by "criticizing the government, and sometimes mobilizing against government policy if it's not going to be conducive to citizenship."

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VATICAN NEWS

**Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Welcome ceremony at the International Airport of Cairo, welcome ceremony at the Presidential Palace and Courtesy Visit to the President of the Republic**

_The Holy See Press Office  • April 28, 2017_

**Cairo, Egypt** -- The aircraft carrying the Holy Father Francis, which left Rome this morning at 11:07, arrived at 14:15 at the international airport of Cairo.

Upon arrival, the Holy Father was welcomed by a minister delegate of the President of the Republic, the Patriarch of Alexandria of the Copts, and the President of the Assembly of the Catholic Hierarchy of Egypt, His Beatitude Ibrahim Isaac Sedrak, the apostolic nuncio His Excellency Bruno Musaro, the bishop of Luxor and local coordinator, His Excellency Emmanuel Bishay, and the secretary of the apostolic nunciature, Rev. Jan Thomas Limchua.

The Pope then transferred by car to the Presidential Palace in Heliopolis for the welcome ceremony.

At 14:30 this afternoon the welcome ceremony took place in the Presidential Palace of Heliopolis. Upon arrival the Holy Father Francis was received by the President of the Republic of Egypt, Abdel-Fattah Al-Sisi.

After the performance of the national anthems and the military honors, the Pope and the President entered the Palace, in the presence of restricted delegations. After the protocol photograph, they entered the room where their private meeting took place.

Following the meeting, gifts were exchanged. The Pope then travelled by car to Al-Azhar for the courtesy visit to the Grand Imam.

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VATICAN NEWS

**Pope Francis in Egypt: To kill in the name of God is blasphemy**

_by Hannah Brockhaus (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 28, 2017_

Pope Francis lands at Cairo International Airport in Egypt on April 28, 2017. (L'Osservatore Romano)

**Cairo, Egypt** -- In his first speech in Egypt on Friday, Pope Francis denounced all forms of violence and hatred, saying that they are blasphemous when carried out in the name of God, or under the pretense of religion.

"Peace alone, therefore, is holy and no act of violence can be perpetrated in the name of God, for it would profane his Name."

"Together, in the land where heaven and earth meet, this land of covenants between peoples and believers, let us say once more a firm and clear 'No!' to every form of violence, vengeance and hatred carried out in the name of religion or in the name of God," he said April 28.

Pope Francis spoke to participants of an International Conference on Peace held at al-Azhar University as part of his April 28-29 visit to Cairo. The visit comes as the result of a recent thawing in relations between the Vatican and the university, which had been strained since 2011.

Grand Imam of the Mosque of al Azhar, Sheikh Ahmed Mohamed el-Tayyib, also spoke at the conference. He is considered by some Muslims to be the highest authority the 1.5-billion strong Sunni Muslim world and oversees Egypt's al-Azhar Mosque and the University attached to it.

In his speech, Francis emphasized the role of religious leaders in ending violence and promoting peace, saying they are called "to unmask the violence that masquerades as purported sanctity" and is based not on "authentic openness" to God, but on selfishness.

"We have an obligation," he continued, "to denounce violations of human dignity and human rights, to expose attempts to justify every form of hatred in the name of religion, and to condemn these attempts as idolatrous caricatures of God."

The Pope explained that violence and faith, belief and hatred, are incompatible, asking those present to affirm this with him. "Together let us declare the sacredness of every human life against every form of violence, whether physical, social, educational or psychological," he said.

Francis reflected on the historical value Egypt has placed on education, saying it is absolutely necessary for the future and the proper education of the next generations that they make decisions based on peace.

"To counter effectively the barbarity of those who foment hatred and violence, we need to accompany young people, helping them on the path to maturity and teaching them to respond to the incendiary logic of evil by patiently working for the growth of goodness," he said.

In his speech, the Pope illustrated several points with symbolism taken from Mount Sinai, a mountain in Egypt believed to be the site of the biblical Mount Sinai.

Also called the "Mount of the Covenant," Mount Sinai, he said, "reminds us above all that authentic covenants on earth cannot ignore heaven, that human beings cannot attempt to encounter one another in peace by eliminating God from the horizon, nor can they climb the mountain to appropriate God for themselves (cf. Ex 19:12)."

Mount Sinai is held to be the place where Moses received the Ten Commandments, according to both the Christian and Islamic traditions. At the center of these commandments, the Pope emphasized, "addressed to each individual and to people of all ages" is the command: "Thou shalt not kill."

"Above all and especially in our day, religions are called to respect this imperative, since ... it is essential that we reject any 'absolutizing' that would justify violence. For violence is the negation of every authentic religious expression."

Pope Francis also called out the increasing move toward secularism in society, saying that abandoning religion is not the answer to fundamentalism - religion itself holds the answer.

We are often caught between relegating religion to the private sphere or - on the other hand - not properly distinguishing between the religious and political. But religion is the antidote to a "banal and uninspired life" that has forgotten the existence of eternity, he said.

But religious faith must be "born of a sincere heart and authentic love towards the Merciful God," otherwise it does not liberate mankind, but "crushes" it, he warned.

Continuing, Francis praised the cooperation between the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue and the Committee of al-Azhar for Dialogue for their work as a "concrete and encouraging example" of dialogue and encounter between different religions and cultures.

"National leaders, institutions and the media are obliged to undertake this urgent and grave task. So too are all of us who play a leading role in culture; each in his or her own area, we are charged by God, by history and by the future to initiate processes of peace, seeking to lay a solid basis for agreements between peoples and states," he said.

"It is my hope that this noble and beloved land of Egypt, with God's help, may continue to respond to the calling it has received to be a land of civilization and covenant, and thus to contribute to the development of processes of peace for its beloved people and for the entire region of the Middle East."

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VATICAN NEWS

**Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Courtesy visit to the Grand Imam of Al-Azhar and address to the participants in the International Conference for Peace at the Al-Azhar Conference Center**

_The Holy See Press Office  • April 28, 2017_

**Cairo, Egypt** -- At 15:40 this afternoon, the Holy Father paid a courtesy visit to the Grand Imam of Al-Azhar, the world's highest institution of Sunni Islamic theology and religious instruction and the most ancient Islamic university.

Upon arrival the Pope was received at the entrance of by the Vicar of the Grand Imam who accompanied him to his study where he met privately with the Grand Imam Shaykh Ahmad Al-Tayeb.

This was followed by an exchange of gifts. The Pope then transferred by car to the Al-Azhar Conference Center where he addressed the participants in the International Conference for Peace.

**Holy Father 's Address**

_As-salamu alaykum! [Peace be with you!]_

I consider it a great gift to be able to begin my Visit to Egypt here, and to address you in the context of this International Peace Conference. I thank my brother, the Grand Imam, for having planned and organized this Conference, and for kindly inviting me to take part. I would like to offer you a few thoughts, drawing on the glorious history of this land, which over the ages has appeared to the world as a _land of civilizations_ and a _land of covenants_.

_A land of civilizations:_ From ancient times, the culture that arose along the banks of the Nile was synonymous with civilization. Egypt lifted the lamp of knowledge, giving birth to an inestimable cultural heritage, made up of wisdom and ingenuity, mathematical and astronomical discoveries, and remarkable forms of architecture and figurative art. The quest for knowledge and the value placed on education were the result of conscious decisions on the part of the ancient inhabitants of this land, and were to bear much fruit for the future. Similar decisions are needed for our own future, decisions of peace and for peace, for there will be no peace without the proper education of coming generations. Nor can young people today be properly educated unless the training they receive corresponds to the nature of man as an open and relational being.

Education indeed becomes wisdom for life if it is capable of "drawing out" of men and women the very best of themselves, in contact with the One who transcends them and with the world around them, fostering a sense of identity that is open and not self-enclosed. Wisdom seeks the other, overcoming temptations to rigidity and closed-mindedness; it is open and in motion, at once humble and inquisitive; it is able to value the past and set it in dialogue with the present, while employing a suitable hermeneutics. Wisdom prepares a future in which people do not attempt to push their own agenda but rather to include others as an integral part of themselves. Wisdom tirelessly seeks, even now, to identify opportunities for encounter and sharing; from the past, it learns that evil only gives rise to more evil, and violence to more violence, in a spiral that ends by imprisoning everyone. Wisdom, in rejecting the dishonesty and the abuse of power, is centered on human dignity, a dignity which is precious in God's eyes, and on an ethics worthy of man, one that is unafraid of others and fearlessly employs those means of knowledge bestowed on us by the Creator.[1]

Precisely in the field of dialogue, particularly interreligious dialogue, we are constantly called to walk together, in the conviction that the future also depends on the encounter of religions and cultures. In this regard, the work of the _Mixed Committee for Dialogue between the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue and the Committee of Al-Azhar for Dialogue_ offers us a concrete and encouraging example. Three basic areas, if properly linked to one another, can assist in this dialogue: _the duty to respect one 's own identity and that of others_, _the courage to accept differences_ , and _sincerity of intentions_.

_The duty to respect one 's own identity and that of others_, because true dialogue cannot be built on ambiguity or a willingness to sacrifice some good for the sake of pleasing others. _The courage to accept differences_ , because those who are different, either culturally or religiously, should not be seen or treated as enemies, but rather welcomed as fellow-travelers, in the genuine conviction that the good of each resides in the good of all. _Sincerity of intentions_ , because dialogue, as an authentic expression of our humanity, is not a strategy for achieving specific goals, but rather a path to truth, one that deserves to be undertaken patiently, in order to transform competition into cooperation.

An education in respectful openness and sincere dialogue with others, recognizing their rights and basic freedoms, particularly religious freedom, represents the best way to build the future _together_ , to be _builders of civility_. For the only alternative to the _civility of encounter_ is the _incivility of conflict_ ; there is no other way. To counter effectively the barbarity of those who foment hatred and violence, we need to accompany young people, helping them on the path to maturity and teaching them to respond to the incendiary logic of evil by patiently working for the growth of goodness. In this way, young people, like well-planted trees, can be firmly rooted in the soil of history, and, growing heavenward in one another's company, can daily turn the polluted air of hatred into the oxygen of fraternity.

In facing this great cultural challenge, one that is both urgent and exciting, we, Christians, Muslims and all believers, are called to offer our specific contribution: "We live under the sun of the one merciful God ... Thus, in a true sense, we can call one another brothers and sisters ... since without God the life of man would be like the heavens without the sun."[2] May the sun of a renewed fraternity in the name of God rise in this sun-drenched land, to be the dawn of a _civilization of peace and encounter_. May Saint Francis of Assisi, who eight centuries ago came to Egypt and met Sultan Malik al Kamil, intercede for this intention.

_A land of covenants:_ In Egypt, not only did the sun of wisdom rise, but also the variegated light of the religions shone in this land. Here, down the centuries, differences of religion constituted "a form of mutual enrichment in the service of the one national community."[3] Different faiths met and a variety of cultures blended without being confused, while acknowledging the importance of _working together for the common good_. Such "covenants" are urgently needed today. Here I would take as a symbol the "Mount of the Covenant" which rises up in this land. Sinai reminds us above all that authentic covenants on earth cannot ignore heaven, that human beings cannot attempt to encounter one another in peace by eliminating God from the horizon, nor can they climb the mountain to appropriate God for themselves (cf. Ex 19:12).

This is a timely reminder in the face of a dangerous paradox of the present moment. On the one hand, religion tends to be relegated to the private sphere, as if it were not an essential dimension of the human person and society. At the same time, the religious and political spheres are confused and not properly distinguished. Religion risks being absorbed into the administration of temporal affairs and tempted by the allure of worldly powers that in fact exploit it. Our world has seen the globalization of many useful technical instruments, but also a globalization of indifference and negligence, and it moves at a frenetic pace that is difficult to sustain. As a result, there is renewed interest in the great questions about the meaning of life. These are the questions that the religions bring to the fore, reminding us of our origins and ultimate calling. We are not meant to spend all our energies on the uncertain and shifting affairs of this world, but to journey towards the Absolute that is our goal. For all these reasons, especially today, religion is not a problem but a part of the solution: against the temptation to settle into a banal and uninspired life, where everything begins and ends here below, religion reminds us of the need to lift our hearts to the Most High in order to learn how to build the city of man.

To return to the image of Mount Sinai, I would like to mention the commandments that were promulgated there, even before they were sculpted on tablets of stone.[4] At the center of this "decalogue," there resounds, addressed to each individual and to people of all ages, the commandment: "Thou shalt not kill" (Ex 20:13). God, the lover of life, never ceases to love man, and so he exhorts us to reject the way of violence as the necessary condition for every earthly "covenant." Above all and especially in our day, the religions are called to respect this imperative, since, for all our need of the Absolute, it is essential that we reject any "absolutizing" that would justify violence. For violence is the negation of every authentic religious expression.

As religious leaders, we are called, therefore, to unmask the violence that masquerades as purported sanctity and is based more on the "absolutizing" of selfishness than on authentic openness to the Absolute. We have an obligation to denounce violations of human dignity and human rights, to expose attempts to justify every form of hatred in the name of religion, and to condemn these attempts as idolatrous caricatures of God: Holy is his name, he is the God of peace, God _salaam_.[5] Peace alone, therefore, is holy and no act of violence can be perpetrated in the name of God, for it would profane his Name.

Together, in the land where heaven and earth meet, this land of covenants between peoples and believers, let us say once more a firm and clear "No!" to every form of violence, vengeance and hatred carried out in the name of religion or in the name of God. Together let us affirm the incompatibility of violence and faith, belief and hatred. Together let us declare the sacredness of every human life against every form of violence, whether physical, social, educational or psychological. Unless it is born of a sincere heart and authentic love towards the Merciful God, faith is no more than a conventional or social construct that does not liberate man, but crushes him. Let us say together: the more we grow in the love of God, the more we grow in the love of our neighbor.

Religion, however, is not meant only to unmask evil; it has an intrinsic vocation to promote peace, today perhaps more than ever.[6] Without giving in to forms of facile syncretism,[7] our task is that of praying for one another, imploring from God the gift of peace, encountering one another, engaging in dialogue and promoting harmony in the spirit of cooperation and friendship. For our part, as Christians - and I am a Christian - "we cannot truly pray to God the Father of all if we treat any people as other than brothers and sisters, for all are created in God's image."[8] All are brothers and sisters. Moreover, we know that, engaged in a constant battle against the evil that threatens a world which is no longer "a place of genuine fraternity," God assures all those who trust in his love that "the way of love lies open to men and that the effort to establish universal brotherhood is not vain."[9] Rather, that effort is essential: it is of little or no use to raise our voices and run about to find weapons for our protection: what is needed today are peacemakers, not makers of arms; what is needed are peacemakers, and not fomenters of conflict; firefighters and not arsonists; preachers of reconciliation and not instigators of destruction.

It is disconcerting to note that, as the concrete realities of people's lives are increasingly ignored in favor of obscure machinations, demagogic forms of populism are on the rise. These certainly do not help to consolidate peace and stability: no incitement to violence will guarantee peace, and every unilateral action that does not promote constructive and shared processes is in reality a gift to the proponents of radicalism and violence.

In order to prevent conflicts and build peace, it is essential that we spare no effort in eliminating situations of poverty and exploitation where extremism more easily takes root, and in blocking the flow of money and weapons destined to those who provoke violence. Even more radically, an end must be put to the proliferation of arms; if they are produced and sold, sooner or later they will be used. Only by bringing into the light of day the murky maneuverings that feed the cancer of war can its real causes be prevented. National leaders, institutions and the media are obliged to undertake this urgent and grave task. So too are all of us who play a leading role in culture; each in his or her own area, we are charged by God, by history and by the future to initiate processes of peace, seeking to lay a solid basis for agreements between peoples and states. It is my hope that this noble and beloved land of Egypt, with God's help, may continue to respond to the calling it has received to be a land of civilization and covenant, and thus to contribute to the development of processes of peace for its beloved people and for the entire region of the Middle East.

_As-salamu alaykum! [Peace be with you!]_

[1] "An ethics of fraternity and peaceful coexistence between individuals and among peoples cannot be based on the logic of fear, violence and closed-mindedness, but on responsibility, respect and sincere dialogue": _Nonviolence: a Style of Politics for Peace_ , Message for the 2017 World Day of Peace, 5.

[2] JOHN PAUL II, _Address to Muslim Religious Leaders_ , Kaduna (Nigeria), 14 February 1982.

[3] John Paul II, _Address at the Arrival Ceremony_ , Cairo, 24 February 2000.

[4] "They were written on the human heart as the universal moral law, valid in every time and place. Today as always, the Ten Words of the Law provide the only true basis for the lives of individuals, societies and nations. [ ... ] They are the only future of the human family. They save man from the destructive force of egoism, hatred and falsehood. They point out all the false gods that draw him into slavery: the love of self to the exclusion of God, the greed for power and pleasure that overturns the order of justice and degrades our human dignity and that of our neighbor" (John Paul II, _Homily during the Celebration of the Word at Mount Sinai_ , Saint Catherine's Monastery, 26 February 2000).

[5] _Address at the Central Mosque of Koudoukou_ , Bangui (Central African Republic), 30 November 2015.

[6] "More perhaps than ever before in history, the intrinsic link between an authentic religious attitude and the great good of peace has become evident to all" (JOHN PAUL II, _Address to Representatives of the Christian Churches and Ecclesial Communities and of the World Religions_ , Assisi, 27 October 1986: _Insegnamenti_ IX, 2 (1986), 1268.

[7] Cf. Apostolic Exhortation _Evangelii Gaudium_ , 251.

[8] SECOND VATICAN ECUMENICAL COUNCIL, Declaration _Nostra Aetate_ , 5.

[9] ID., Pastoral Constitution _Gaudium et Spes_ , 38.

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VATICAN NEWS

**Pope tells Egypt 's authorities they have key role in brokering peace**

_by Elise Harris (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 28, 2017_

Pope Francis at the Presidential Palace in Heliopolis with Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi on April 28, 2017. (L'Osservatore Romano)

**Cairo, Egypt** -- Shortly after landing in Egypt on Friday, Pope Francis denounced violent fundamentalism in his speech to civil authorities, telling them they have a special role in helping quell extremism.

"Thanks to its history and its particular geographical location, Egypt has a unique role to play in the Middle East and among those countries seeking solutions to pressing and complex problems that need to be faced now in order to avoid the spread of worse violence," the Pope said April 28.

"I am speaking of the blind and brutal violence caused by different factors: sheer desire for power, the arms trade, grave social problems and that religious extremism which uses the Holy Name of God to carry out unprecedented atrocities and injustices."

Pope Francis spoke to political and civil authorities, including Egyptian president Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, after landing in Cairo for his two-day trip to the country.

The visit will focus largely on interreligious and ecumenical dialogue in a bid to both strengthen Catholic-Muslim relations and support Egypt's persecuted Coptic community.

After touching down around 2 p.m. local time, the Pope stopped by the prestigious al-Azhar University and adjunct mosque, considered one of the highest authorities in Sunni Islam. There he addressed participants in the International Peace Conference before heading to his meeting with authorities.

In his speech to Egypt's leaders, Francis voiced his gratitude for the invitation to come, saying that due to the country's rich cultural and religious history Egypt is the _misr um al-dunya_ , or "mother of the world," a phrase commonly known by Egyptians.

He commented on how the Holy Family went to Egypt in order to find "refuge and hospitality" after fleeing Herod. This same hospitality, he said, can be felt by the millions of refugees from surrounding countries, including Sudan, Eritrea, Syria, and Iraq, who arrive and integrate into Egyptian society.

"This destiny and role of Egypt are also the reason that led the people to call for an Egypt where no one lacks bread, freedom and social justice," the Pope said.

Because of this, Egypt has "a singular task, namely, to strengthen and consolidate regional peace even as it is assaulted on its own soil by senseless acts of violence."

"Such acts of violence have caused unjust suffering to so many families - some of them are present among us - who mourn their sons and daughters," he said, recalling the many youth, police, and Coptic citizens who have become "nameless victims of various forms of terrorist extremism."

Among these victims, he said, are those affected by recent violence and threats that have prompted a Christian exodus from northern Sinai, and the death some 45 people killed by bombings in Tanta and Alexandria April 9.

"To the members of their families, and to all of Egypt, I offer my heartfelt condolences and my prayers that the Lord will grant speedy healing to the injured," he said.

Pope Francis then offered his praise for various national projects aimed at building peace both within Egypt and beyond its borders, saying development, prosperity and peace "are essential goods that merit every sacrifice."

He also spoke on the importance of keeping one's focus on the human being above all else, because they are "the heart of all development."

Pointing to the "fragile and complex" state of today's world, which he has frequently dubbed a "third world war fought piecemeal," Francis said a firm condemnation of violence is needed.

"It needs to be clearly stated that no civilized society can be built without repudiating every ideology of evil, violence and extremism that presumes to suppress others and to annihilate diversity by manipulating and profaning the Sacred Name of God," he said, thanking el-Sisi for clearly speaking out on this.

"All of us have the duty to teach coming generations that God, the Creator of heaven and earth, does not need to be protected by men; indeed, it is he who protects them," the Pope said, adding that God "never desires the death of his children, but rather their life and happiness."

"He can neither demand nor justify violence; indeed, he detests and rejects violence." The true God, he said, "calls to unconditional love, gratuitous pardon, mercy, absolute respect for every life, and fraternity among his children, believers and nonbelievers alike."

The Pope said it is the duty of everyone, regardless of nation or religion, to unite in proclaiming that "history does not forgive" hypocrites who preach justice but practice injustice, or who talk about equality and then discard others.

"It is our duty to unmask the peddlers of illusions about the afterlife, those who preach hatred in order to rob the simple of their present life and their right to live with dignity, and who exploit others by taking away their ability to choose freely and to believe responsibly."

Francis stressed that we are bound "to dismantle deadly ideas and extremist ideologies, while upholding the incompatibility of true faith and violence, of God and acts of murder."

Egypt, which once saved other peoples from famine, is called "to save this beloved region from a famine of love and fraternity," he said, explaining that this means issuing a harsh condemnation of all violence and terrorism.

By simultaneously building peace and fighting terrorism, Egypt will give proof that _al-din lillah wal watan liljami_ (religion belongs to God and the nation to all), he said, referring to the motto of the nation's 1952 revolution.

As the cradle of the three great monotheistic religions, the region, with the help of Egypt, the Pope said, "can and indeed will awake from the long night of tribulation, and once more radiate the supreme values of justice and fraternity that are the solid foundation and the necessary path to peace."

"From great nations, one can expect no less!" he said, noting how this year marks the 70th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the Holy See and Egypt.

Pope Francis voiced his hope that these relations will continue to be strengthened, particularly through his visit.

He closed with an appeal for peace, which he said is "a gift of God, but also the work of man" which must be "built up and protected."

Offering his greetings to the various Christian groups present in Egypt, including Coptic Orthodox, Greek Byzantines, Armenian Orthodox, Protestants, and Catholics, the Pope prayed that St. Mark, who evangelized the region, would intercede for them in helping to establish unity.

"Your presence in this, your country, is not new or accidental, but ancient and an inseparable part of the history of Egypt," he said. "You have shown, and continue to show, that it is possible to live together in mutual respect and fairness, finding in difference a source of richness and never a motive of conflict."

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VATICAN NEWS

**Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Meeting with the Authorities in the Hotel Al-Masah in Cairo**

_The Holy See Press Office  • April 28, 2017_

**Cairo, Egypt** -- At 17:15 this afternoon, the Holy Father Francis arrived at the Hotel Al-Masah in Cairo for a meeting with the authorities. It was attended by around eight hundred representatives of institutions, the diplomatic corps and Egyptian civil society.

After the President's speech, the Pope gave the following address:

**Holy Father 's Address**

Mr. President, Honorable Members of Government and Parliament, Distinguished Ambassadors and Members of the Diplomatic Corps, Ladies and Gentlemen,

_As-salamu alaykum!_ Peace be with you!

I thank you, Mr. President, for your cordial words of greeting and for your kind invitation to visit your beloved country. I have vivid memories of your visit to Rome in November 2014, my fraternal meeting with his Holiness Pope Tawadros II in 2013, and my meeting last year with the Grand Imam of the University of Al-Azhar, Dr. Ahmad Al-Tayyib.

I am happy to be here in Egypt, a land of ancient and noble civilization, whose vestiges we can admire even today; in their majestic splendor they appear to withstand the passing of time. This land is significant for the history of humanity and for the Church's tradition, not only because of its prestigious past - that of Pharaohs, Copts and Muslims - but also because so many of the Patriarchs lived in Egypt or passed through it. Indeed, Egypt is often mentioned in the sacred Scriptures. In this land, God spoke and "revealed his name to Moses" (JOHN PAUL II, _Welcome Ceremony_ , 24 February 2000: _Insegnamenti_ XXIII, 1 [2000], 248), and on Mount Sinai he entrusted to his people and to all humanity the divine Commandments. On Egyptian soil the Holy Family of Jesus, Mary and Joseph found refuge and hospitality.

The generous hospitality shown more than two thousand years ago remains in the collective memory of humanity and is a source of abundant blessings that continue to expand. As a result, Egypt is a land that in some sense we all feel to be our own! As you say, " _Misr um al-dunya_ " - "Egypt is the mother of the world." Today too, this land welcomes millions of refugees from different countries, including Sudan, Eritrea, Syria and Iraq, refugees whom you make praiseworthy efforts to integrate into Egyptian society.

Thanks to its history and its particular geographical location, Egypt has a unique role to play in the Middle East and among those countries seeking solutions to pressing and complex problems that need to be faced now in order to avoid the spread of worse violence. I am speaking of the blind and brutal violence caused by different factors: sheer desire for power, the arms trade, grave social problems and that religious extremism which uses the Holy Name of God to carry out unprecedented atrocities and injustices.

This destiny and role of Egypt are also the reason that led the people to call for an Egypt where no one lacks _bread, freedom and social justice_. Certainly this aim will become a reality if all are willing, together, to turn words into actions, authentic aspirations into commitments, written laws into enforced laws, by drawing on the innate genius of the Egyptian people.

Egypt thus has a singular task, namely, to strengthen and consolidate regional peace even as it is assaulted on its own soil by senseless acts of violence. Such acts of violence have caused unjust suffering to so many families - some of them are present among us - who mourn their sons and daughters.

I think in a particular way of all those individuals who in recent years have given their lives to protect your country: young people, members of the armed forces and police, Coptic citizens and all those nameless victims of various forms of terrorist extremism. I think also of the murders and the threats that have led to an exodus of Christians from northern Sinai. I express my gratitude to the civil and religious authorities and to all those who have offered welcome and assistance to these persons who have suffered so greatly. I also think of the victims of the attacks on Coptic churches, both last December and more recently in Tanta and Alexandria. To the members of their families, and to all of Egypt, I offer my heartfelt condolences and my prayers that the Lord will grant speedy healing to the injured.

Mr. President, Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,

I can only encourage the bold efforts being made to complete a number of national projects and the many initiatives of peacemaking, both within the country and beyond its borders, aimed at that development in prosperity and peace which its people desire and deserve.

Development, prosperity and peace are essential goods that merit every sacrifice. They are also goals that demand hard work, conviction and commitment, adequate planning and, above all, unconditional respect for inalienable human rights such as equality among all citizens, religious freedom and freedom of expression, without any distinction (cf. _Universal Declaration of Human Rights; Egyptian Constitution of 2014_ , Chapter 3). Goals, too, that require special consideration for the role of women, young people, the poor and the sick. Ultimately, true development is measured by concern for human beings, who are the heart of all development: concern for their education, health and dignity. The greatness of any nation is revealed in its effective care of society's most vulnerable members - women, children, the elderly, the sick, the disabled and minorities - lest any person or social group be excluded or marginalized.

In the fragile and complex situation of today's world, which I have described as "a world war being fought piecemeal," it needs to be clearly stated that no civilized society can be built without repudiating every ideology of evil, violence and extremism that presumes to suppress others and to annihilate diversity by manipulating and profaning the Sacred Name of God. Mr. President, you have spoken of this often and on various occasions, with a clarity that merits attention and appreciation.

All of us have the duty to teach coming generations that God, the Creator of heaven and earth, does not need to be protected by men; indeed, it is he who protects them. He never desires the death of his children, but rather their life and happiness. He can neither demand nor justify violence; indeed, he detests and rejects violence ("God ... hates the lover of violence": Ps 11:5). The true God calls to unconditional love, gratuitous pardon, mercy, absolute respect for every life, and fraternity among his children, believers and nonbelievers alike.

It is our duty to proclaim together that history does not forgive those who preach justice, but then practice injustice. History does not forgive those who talk about equality, but then discard those who are different. It is our duty to unmask the peddlers of illusions about the afterlife, those who preach hatred in order to rob the simple of their present life and their right to live with dignity, and who exploit others by taking away their ability to choose freely and to believe responsibly. It is our duty to dismantle deadly ideas and extremist ideologies, while upholding the incompatibility of true faith and violence, of God and acts of murder.

History instead honors men and women of peace, who courageously and non-violently strive to build a better world: "Blessed are the peacemakers, for they will be called children of God" (Mt 5:9).

Egypt, in the days of Joseph, saved other peoples from famine (cf. Gen 41:57); today it is called to save this beloved region from a famine of love and fraternity. It is called to condemn and vanquish all violence and terrorism. It is called to pour out the grain of peace upon all hearts that hunger for peaceful coexistence, dignified employment and humane education. Egypt, in building peace and at the same time combatting terrorism, is called to give proof that _" al-din lillah wal watan liljami"_ - _" religion belongs to God and the nation to all"_, as the motto of the Revolution of 23 July 1952 states. Egypt is called to demonstrate that it is possible to believe and live in harmony with others, sharing with them fundamental human values and respecting the freedom and the faith of all (cf. Egyptian Constitution of 2014, Article 5). Egypt has a special role to play in this regard, so that this region, the cradle of the three great religions, can and indeed will awake from the long night of tribulation, and once more radiate the supreme values of justice and fraternity that are the solid foundation and the necessary path to peace (cf. _Message for the 2014 World Day of Peace_ , 4). From great nations, one can expect no less!

This year marks the seventieth anniversary of diplomatic relations between the Holy See and the Arab Republic of Egypt, which was one of the first Arab countries to establish such relations. Those relations have always been characterized by friendship, esteem and reciprocal cooperation. It is my hope that my Visit may help to consolidate and strengthen them.

Peace is a gift of God, but also the work of man. It is a good that must be built up and protected, respecting the principle that upholds _the force of law and not the law of force_ (cf. _Message for the 2017 World Day of Peace_ , 1). Peace for this beloved country! Peace for this whole region, and particularly for Palestine and Israel, for Syria, for Libya, Yemen, for Iraq, for South Sudan. Peace to all people of good will!

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen,

I would like to greet with affection and a paternal embrace all the Egyptian people, who are symbolically present in this hall. I also greet my Christian sons and daughters, and brothers and sisters, who live in this country: Coptic Orthodox, Greek Byzantines, Armenian Orthodox, Protestants and Catholics. May Saint Mark, the evangelizer of this land, watch over you and help all of us to build and achieve the unity so greatly desired by our Lord (cf. Jn 17:20-23). Your presence in this, your country, is not new or accidental, but ancient and an inseparable part of the history of Egypt. You are an integral part of this country, and over the course of the centuries you have developed a sort of unique rapport, a particular symbiosis, which can serve as an example to other nations. You have shown, and continue to show, that it is possible to live together in mutual respect and fairness, finding in difference a source of richness and never a motive of conflict (cf. BENEDICT XVI, Post-synodal Apostolic Exhortation _Ecclesia in Medio Oriente_ , 24 and 25).

Thank you for your warm welcome. I ask the Almighty and One God to fill all the Egyptian people with his divine blessings. May he grant peace and prosperity, progress and justice to Egypt, and bless all her children!

"Blessed be Egypt my people," says the Lord in the Book of Isaiah (19:25).

_Shukran wa tahya misr!_ Thank you and long live Egypt!

Copyright (C) Libreria Editrice Vaticana (vatican.va)
VATICAN NEWS

**Our martyrs ' blood unites us, Francis tells Coptic Orthodox patriarch**

_by Elise Harris (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 28, 2017_

Pope Francis with Tawadros II, Coptic Orthodox Patriarch of Alexandria, in Cairo, Egypt on April 28, 2017. (L'Osservatore Romano)

**Cairo, Egypt** -- Pope Francis closed his first day in Egypt with a visit to Coptic Orthodox Patriarch Tawadros II, telling him their Churches are bonded by the blood of their martyrs, and are called to further cement this bond with acts of charity.

In his April 28 address to the patriarch, Francis said their ecumenical journey is sustained "in a mysterious and quite relevant way, by a genuine ecumenism of blood."

Noting how Saint John the Evangelist wrote that Christ came "with water and blood," Francis said this image serves as a symbol that "by living a new life in our common baptism, a life of love always and for all, even at the cost of the sacrifice of one's life."

"How many martyrs in this land, from the first centuries of Christianity, have lived their faith heroically to the end, shedding their blood rather than denying the Lord and yielding to the enticements of evil, or merely to the temptation of repaying evil with evil!"

The Pope noted that this has tragically been the case even in recent days, when "the innocent blood of defenseless Christians was cruelly shed."

"Their innocent blood unites us," Francis continued, telling the patriarch that just as the heavenly Jerusalem is one, "so too is our martyrology; your sufferings are also our sufferings."

"Strengthened by this witness, let us strive to oppose violence by preaching and sowing goodness, fostering concord and preserving unity, praying that all these sacrifices may open the way to a future of full communion between us and of peace for all."

Pope Francis spoke in an audience with Tawadros II, the Coptic Orthodox Patriarch of Alexandria, on his first day in Egypt. He is on an official April 28-29 visit to the country, aimed largely at interreligious and ecumenical dialogue.

After arriving at Cairo in the afternoon, Francis made his way to Egypt's prestigious al-Azhar University and adjunct mosque, considered one of the highest authorities in Sunni Islam, where he met with Grand Imam Ahmed el-Tayyeb and addressed participants in the International Peace Conference.

He then met with the country's authorities, including President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, before heading to the Coptic Orthodox Cathedral for his meeting with Tawadros, the last official appointment of the day.

Tawadros is head of the Coptic Orthodox Church, which is an Oriental Orthodox Church, meaning it rejected the 451 Council of Chalcedon, and its followers had historically been considered monophysites - those who believe Christ has only one nature - by Catholics and the Eastern Orthodox, though they are not considered so any longer.

Like the Bishop of Rome, the Coptic Orthodox Patriarch of Alexandria is known as "Pope" to his followers.

Francis' words to the patriarch bear special significance considering his visit comes against the backdrop of recent attacks against Christians in the area, which are part of a general increase in the persecution of Egypt's 9 million strong Coptic community.

The Islamic State and other Islamists have carried out a series of attacks on Egypt's Christians in recent years, including the beheading of 20 Coptic Orthodox faithful in Libya in 2015, and a series of church bombings.

However, in his speech Pope Francis noted that the "impressive history of holiness" in Egypt isn't limited to the witness of the martyrs, because "no sooner had the ancient persecutions ended than a new and selfless form of life arose as a gift of the Lord: monasticism originated in the desert."

"Thus, the great signs that God had once worked in Egypt and at the Red Sea were followed by the miracle of a new life that made the desert blossom with sanctity," he said, explaining that given this shared patrimony, he comes to Egypt "as a pilgrim."

Francis noted that while the two Churches haven't always gotten along given both theological and non-theological differences, their 1973 joint declaration, signed by Blessed Paul VI and Patriarch Shenouda III, allowed them, "with God's help, to acknowledge together that Christ is perfect God with respect to his divinity and perfect man with respect to his humanity."

Equally important and timely, he said, "are the words that immediately precede this statement, in which we acknowledge Jesus Christ as our Lord and God and Savior and King."

The strengthening of this bond between their Churches, Francis said, means they can no longer move forward with the idea that each can go their own way, because this would "betray" Christ's prayer that his disciples "all be one."

While the journey isn't always easy, the Lord exhorts them to persevere, he said, explaining that "we are not alone. We are accompanied by a great host of saints and martyrs who, already fully one, impel us here below to be a living image of the Jerusalem above."

Quoting the Gospel of St. Mark, founder of the See of Alexandria, Pope Francis pointed out Christ's question to St. Peter: "who do you say that I am?"

Even today "many people cannot answer this question," Francis said, noting that "there are even few people who can raise it, and above all few who can answer it with the joy of knowing Jesus, that same joy with which we have the grace of confessing him together."

Because of this, Coptic Orthodox and Catholics are called to bear witness to Christ together and "to carry our faith to the world, especially in the way it is meant to be brought: by living it, so that Jesus' presence can be communicated with life and speak the language of gratuitous and concrete love."

As both Coptic Orthodox and Catholics, "we can always join in speaking this common language of charity," he said, explaining that before completing some charitable task, "we would do well to ask if we can do it together with our brothers and sisters who share our faith in Jesus."

"Thus, by building communion in the concreteness of a daily lived witness, the Spirit will surely open providential and unexpected paths to unity," he said, praising the patriarch for his support of the Coptic Catholic Church in Egypt, particularly through his establishment of the National Council of Christian Churches.

Francis closed his speech praying that the two of them would be able to "set out together as pilgrims of communion and messengers of peace," under the special care and guidance of Mary, the Mother of God.

At their meeting, Francis and Tawadros signed a joint declaration indicating their gratitude for the chance "to exchange a fraternal embrace and to join again in common prayer."

Notably, they declared that they "will seek sincerely not to repeat the baptism that has been administered in either of our Churches for any person who wishes to join the other. This we confess in obedience to the Holy Scriptures and the faith of the three Ecumenical Councils assembled in Nicaea, Constantinople and Ephesus."

"We ask God our Father to guide us, in the times and by the means that the Holy Spirit will choose, to full unity in the mystical Body of Christ."

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VATICAN NEWS

**Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Courtesy visit to His Holiness Pope Tawadros II**

_The Holy See Press Office  • April 28, 2017_

**Cairo, Egypt** -- At 18:20 this evening, the Holy Father Francis paid a courtesy visit to His Holiness Pope Tawadros II.

Upon arrival at the Coptic-Orthodox Patriarchate of Cairo, the Pope was welcomed by His Holiness Pope Tawadros II. After the presentation of the respective delegations, the Holy Father Francis was accompanied by Pope Tawadros II to his office where their private meeting took place.

They subsequently transferred to the adjacent Hall, where the delegations were gathered.

Then, following His Holiness Pope Tawadros II's address, the Holy Father Francis pronounced a discourse.

Immediately afterwards, the Holy Father Francis and His Holiness Tawadros II signed a Common Declaration. The exchange of gifts and the presentation of a gift to the delegations then took place. The Holy Father Francis and His Holiness Pope Tawadros II proceeded on foot to the nearby Church of St. Peter "Al-Boutrosiyya," for a moment of ecumenical prayer in the presence of the Leaders of other Christian confessions.

In the Church, after the reading of the prayers of Pope Francis and Pope Tawadros II, there was an exchange of signs of peace and the recital of the Lord's Prayer. A wreath of flowers was then laid, and a candle was lit.

Upon leaving the Church, in the atrium, Pope Francis paid homage to the place that commemorates the victims of the attack on 11 December 2016, which caused many deaths and injuries among the faithful gathered there.

The Holy Father then transferred by car to the Apostolic Nunciature. Upon arrival he was welcomed by a group of children from the Combonian School of Cairo. After a private dinner, he blessed a group of approximately three hundred young pilgrims from the north and south of the country, gathered in the square at the entrance of the Apostolic Nunciature.

The following is the discourse of the Holy Father Francis and his subsequent prayer.

**Discourse of the Holy Father**

The Lord is risen, he is truly risen! [ _Al Massih kam, bilhakika kam!_ ]

Your Holiness,

Dear Brother,

Only a short time has passed since the great Solemnity of Easter, the heart of the Christian life, which we were blessed this year to celebrate on the same day. We thus joined in proclaiming the Easter message and, in a sense, relived the experience of the first disciples who together "rejoiced when they saw the Lord" that day (Jn 20:20). This paschal joy is today made all the more precious by the gift of our joining to worship the Risen One in prayer and by our renewed exchange, in his name, of the holy kiss and embrace of peace. For this, I am deeply grateful: in coming here as a pilgrim, I was sure of receiving the blessing of a brother who awaited me. I have eagerly looked forward to this new meeting, for I vividly recall the visit Your Holiness made to Rome shortly after my election, on 10 May 2013. That date has happily become the occasion for celebrating an annual _Day of Friendship between Copts and Catholics_.

As we joyfully progress on our ecumenical journey, I wish particularly to recall that milestone in relations between the Sees of Peter and Mark which is the _Common Declaration_ signed by our predecessors more than forty years ago, on 10 May 1973. After "centuries of difficult history" marked by increasing "theological differences, nourished and widened by non-theological factors," and growing mistrust, we were able that day, with God's help, to acknowledge together that Christ is "perfect God with respect to his divinity and perfect man with respect to his humanity" ( _Common Declaration of Pope Paul VI and Pope Shenouda III_ , 10 May 1973). Yet equally important and timely are the words that immediately precede this statement, in which we acknowledge Jesus Christ as "our Lord and God and Savior and King." With these words, the See of Mark and the See of Peter proclaimed the lordship of Jesus: together we confessed that we belong to Jesus and that he is _our all_.

What is more, we realized that, because we belong to him, we can no longer think that each can go his own way, for that would betray his will that his disciples "all be one ... so that the world may believe" (Jn 17:21). In the sight of God, who wishes us to be "perfectly one" (v. 23), it is no longer possible to take refuge behind the pretext of differing interpretations, much less of those centuries of history and traditions that estranged us one from the other. In the words of His Holiness John Paul II, "there is no time to lose in this regard! Our communion in the one Lord Jesus Christ, in the one Holy Spirit and in one baptism already represents a deep and fundamental reality" ( _Address at the Ecumenical Meeting_ , 25 February 2000). Consequently, not only is there an ecumenism of gestures, words and commitment, but _an already effective communion_ that grows daily in living relation with the Lord Jesus, is rooted in the faith we profess and is truly grounded on our baptism and our being made a "new creation" (cf. 2 Cor 5:17) in him. In a word, there is "one Lord, one faith, one baptism" (Eph 4:5). Hence, we constantly set out anew, in order to hasten that eagerly awaited day when we will be in full and visible communion around the altar of the Lord.

In this exciting journey, which - like life itself - is not always easy and straightforward, but on which the Lord exhorts us to persevere, we are not alone. We are accompanied by a great host of saints and martyrs who, already fully one, impel us here below to be a living image of the "Jerusalem above" (Gal 4:26). Among them, surely Peter and Mark in particular rejoice in our encounter today. Great is the bond uniting them. We need only think of the fact that Saint Mark put at the heart of his Gospel Peter's profession of faith: "You are the Christ." It was the answer to Jesus ever urgent question: "But who do you say that I am?" (Mk 8:29). Today too, many people cannot answer this question; there are even few people who can raise it, and above all few who can answer it with the joy of knowing Jesus, that same joy with which we have the grace of confessing him together.

Together, then, we are called to bear witness to him, to carry our faith to the world, especially in the way it is meant to be brought: by living it, so that Jesus' presence can be communicated with life and speak the language of gratuitous and concrete love. As Coptic Orthodox and Catholics, we can always join in speaking this common language of charity: before undertaking a charitable work, we would do well to ask if we can do it together with our brothers and sisters who share our faith in Jesus. Thus, by building communion in the concreteness of a daily lived witness, the Spirit will surely open providential and unexpected paths to unity.

It is with this constructive apostolic spirit that Your Holiness continues to show a genuine and fraternal attention for the Coptic Catholic Church. I am most grateful for this closeness, which has found praiseworthy expression in the _National Council of Christian Churches_ , which you have established so that believers in Jesus can work together more closely for the benefit of Egyptian society as a whole. I also greatly appreciated the generous hospitality offered to the thirteenth Meeting of the _International Joint Commission for Theological Dialogue between the Catholic Church and the Oriental Orthodox Churches_ , which took place here last year at your invitation. It is a promising sign that the following meeting took place this year in Rome, as if to bespeak a particular continuity between the Sees of Mark and Peter.

In the sacred Scriptures, Peter seems in some way to reciprocate the affection of Mark by calling him "my son" (1 Pet 5:13). But the Evangelist and his apostolic activity are also fraternally associated with Saint Paul, who, before dying a martyr in Rome, mentions Mark's great usefulness in his ministry (cf. 2 Tim 4:11) and speaks of him frequently (cf. Philem 24; Col 4:10). _Fraternal charity_ and _communion in mission_ : these are the messages that the word of God and our own origins have bequeathed to us. They are the evangelical seeds that we rejoice to water together and, with God's help, to make grow (cf. 1 Cor 3:6-7).

The deepening progress of our ecumenical journey is also sustained, in mysterious and quite relevant way, by a genuine _ecumenism of blood_. Saint John tells us that Jesus came "with water and blood" (1 Jn 5:6); whoever believes in him thus "overcomes the world" (1 Jn 5:5). With water and blood: by living a new life in our common baptism, a life of love always and for all, even at the cost of the sacrifice of one's life. How many martyrs in this land, from the first centuries of Christianity, have lived their faith heroically to the end, shedding their blood rather than denying the Lord and yielding to the enticements of evil, or merely to the temptation of repaying evil with evil! The venerable _Martyrology of the Coptic Church_ bears eloquent witness to this. Even in recent days, tragically, the innocent blood of defenseless Christians was cruelly shed: their innocent blood unites us. Most dear brother, just as the heavenly Jerusalem is one, so too is our martyrology; your sufferings are also our sufferings. Strengthened by this witness, let us strive to oppose violence by preaching and sowing goodness, fostering concord and preserving unity, praying that all these sacrifices may open the way to a future of full communion between us and of peace for all.

The impressive history of holiness of this land is distinguished not only by the sacrifice of the martyrs. No sooner had the ancient persecutions ended, than a new and selfless form of life arose as a gift of the Lord: monasticism originated in the desert. Thus, the great signs that God had once worked in Egypt and at the Red Sea (cf. Ps 106:21-22) were followed by the miracle of a new life that made the desert blossom with sanctity. With veneration for this shared patrimony, I have come as a pilgrim to this land that the Lord himself loves to visit. For here, in his glory he came down upon Mount Sinai (cf. Ex 24:16), and here, in his humility, he found refuge as a child (cf. Mt 2:14).

Your Holiness, dearest brother, may the same Lord today grant us to set out together as pilgrims of communion and messengers of peace. On this journey, may the Virgin Mary take us by the hand, she who brought Jesus here, and whom the great Egyptian theological tradition has from of old acclaimed as _Theotokos_ , the Mother of God. In this title, humanity and divinity are joined, for in his Mother, God became forever man. May the Blessed Virgin, who constantly leads us to Jesus, the perfect symphony of divine and human, bring yet once more a bit of heaven to our earth.

Copyright (C) Libreria Editrice Vaticana (vatican.va)
VATICAN NEWS

**Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Signing of the Common Declaration**

_The Holy See Press Office  • April 28, 2017_

**Cairo, Egypt** -- At the end of the courtesy visit to His Holiness Pope Tawadros II, in the Coptic-Orthodox Patriarchate of Cairo, the Holy Father Francis and His Holiness Tawadros II signed the Common Declaration, the full text of which is published below:

**Common Declaration of His Holiness Francis and His Holiness Tawadros II**

**1.** We, Francis, Bishop of Rome and Pope of the Catholic Church, and Tawadros II, Pope of Alexandria and Patriarch of the See of Saint Mark, give thanks to God in the Holy Spirit for granting us the joyful opportunity to meet once more, to exchange a fraternal embrace and to join again in common prayer. We glorify the Almighty for the bonds of fraternity and friendship existing between the See of Saint Peter and the See of Saint Mark. The privilege of being together here in Egypt is a sign that the solidity of our relationship is increasing year by year, and that we are growing in closeness, faith and love of Christ our Lord. We give thanks to God for this beloved Egypt, the "homeland that lives inside us," as His Holiness Pope Shenouda III used to say, the "people blessed by God" (cf. Is 19:25) with its ancient Pharaonic civilization, the Greek and Roman heritage, the Coptic tradition and the Islamic presence. Egypt is the place where the Holy Family found refuge, a land of martyrs and saints.

**2.** Our deep bond of friendship and fraternity has its origin in the full communion that existed between our Churches in the first centuries and was expressed in many different ways through the early Ecumenical Councils, dating back to the Council of Nicaea in 325 and the contribution of the courageous Church Father Saint Athanasius, who earned the title "Protector of the Faith." Our communion was expressed through prayer and similar liturgical practices, the veneration of the same martyrs and saints, and in the development and spread of monasticism, following the example of the great Saint Anthony, known as the Father of all monks.

This common experience of communion before the time of separation has a special significance in our efforts to restore full communion today. Most of the relations which existed in the early centuries between the Catholic Church and the Coptic Orthodox Church have continued to the present day in spite of divisions, and have recently been revitalized. They challenge us to intensify our common efforts to persevere in the search for visible unity in diversity, under the guidance of the Holy Spirit.

**3.** We recall with gratitude the historic meeting forty-four years ago between our predecessors, Pope Paul VI and Pope Shenouda III, in an embrace of peace and fraternity, after many centuries when our mutual bonds of love were not able to find expression due to the distance that had arisen between us. The Common Declaration they signed on 10 May 1973 represented a milestone on the path of ecumenism, and served as a starting point for the Commission for Theological Dialogue between our two Churches, which has borne much fruit and opened the way to a broader dialogue between the Catholic Church and the whole family of Oriental Orthodox Churches. In that Declaration, our Churches acknowledged that, in line with the apostolic tradition, they profess "one faith in the One Triune God" and "the divinity of the Only-begotten Son of God ... perfect God with respect to his divinity, perfect man with respect to his humanity." It was also acknowledged that "the divine life is given to us and is nourished in us through the seven sacraments" and that "we venerate the Virgin Mary, Mother of the True Light," the " _Theotokos_."

**4.** With deep gratitude we recall our own fraternal meeting in Rome on 10 May 2013, and the establishment of 10 May as the day when each year we deepen the friendship and brotherhood between our Churches. This renewed spirit of closeness has enabled us to discern once more that the bond uniting us was received from our one Lord on the day of our Baptism. For it is through Baptism that we become members of the one Body of Christ that is the Church (cf. 1Cor 12:13). This common heritage is the basis of our pilgrimage together towards full communion, as we grow in love and reconciliation.

**5.** We are aware that we still have far to go on this pilgrimage, yet we recall how much has already been accomplished. In particular, we call to mind the meeting between Pope Shenouda III and Saint John Paul II, who came as a pilgrim to Egypt during the Great Jubilee of the year 2000. We are determined to follow in their footsteps, moved by the love of Christ the good Shepherd, in the profound conviction that by walking together, we grow in unity. May we draw our strength from God, the perfect source of communion and love.

**6.** This love finds its deepest expression in common prayer. When Christians pray together, they come to realize that what unites them is much greater than what divides them. Our longing for unity receives its inspiration from the prayer of Christ "that all may be one" (Jn 17:21). Let us deepen our shared roots in the one apostolic faith by praying together and by seeking common translations of the Lord's Prayer and a common date for the celebration of Easter.

**7.** As we journey towards the blessed day when we will at last gather at the same Eucharistic table, we can cooperate in many areas and demonstrate in a tangible way the great richness which already unites us. We can bear witness together to fundamental values such as the sanctity and dignity of human life, the sacredness of marriage and the family, and respect for all of creation, entrusted to us by God. In the face of many contemporary challenges such as secularization and the globalization of indifference, we are called to offer a shared response based on the values of the Gospel and the treasures of our respective traditions. In this regard, we are encouraged to engage in a deeper study of the Oriental and Latin Fathers, and to promote a fruitful exchange in pastoral life, especially in catechesis, and in mutual spiritual enrichment between monastic and religious communities.

**8.** Our shared Christian witness is a grace-filled sign of reconciliation and hope for Egyptian society and its institutions, a seed planted to bear fruit in justice and peace. Since we believe that all human beings are created in the image of God, we strive for serenity and concord through a peaceful co-existence of Christians and Muslims, thus bearing witness to God's desire for the unity and harmony of the entire human family and the equal dignity of each human being. We share a concern for the welfare and the future of Egypt. All members of society have the right and duty to participate fully in the life of the nation, enjoying full and equal citizenship and collaborating to build up their country. Religious freedom, including freedom of conscience, rooted in the dignity of the person, is the cornerstone of all other freedoms. It is a sacred and inalienable right.

**9.** Let us intensify our unceasing prayer for all Christians in Egypt and throughout the whole world, and especially in the Middle East. The tragic experiences and the blood shed by our faithful who were persecuted and killed for the sole reason of being Christian, remind us all the more that the ecumenism of martyrdom unites us and encourages us along the way to peace and reconciliation. For, as Saint Paul writes: "If one member suffers, all suffer together" (1 Cor 12:26).

**10.** The mystery of Jesus who died and rose out of love lies at the heart of our journey towards full unity. Once again, the martyrs are our guides. In the early Church the blood of the martyrs was the seed of new Christians. So too in our own day, may the blood of so many martyrs be the seed of unity among all Christ's disciples, a sign and instrument of communion and peace for the world.

**11.** In obedience to the work of the Holy Spirit, who sanctifies the Church, keeps her throughout the ages, and leads her to full unity - that unity for which Jesus Christ prayed:

Today we, Pope Francis and Pope Tawadros II, in order to please the heart of the Lord Jesus, as well as that of our sons and daughters in the faith, mutually declare that we, with one mind and heart, will seek sincerely not to repeat the baptism that has been administered in either of our Churches for any person who wishes to join the other. This we confess in obedience to the Holy Scriptures and the faith of the three Ecumenical Councils assembled in Nicaea, Constantinople and Ephesus.

We ask God our Father to guide us, in the times and by the means that the Holy Spirit will choose, to full unity in the mystical Body of Christ.

**12.** Let us, then, be guided by the teachings and the example of the Apostle Paul, who writes: "[Make] every effort to keep the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace. There is one body and one Spirit, just as you too were called to the one hope of your calling, one Lord, one faith, one baptism, one God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all" (Eph 4:3-6).

Cairo, 28 April 2017

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VATICAN NEWS

**Our only 'fanaticism' should be love, Pope tells Egypt's Catholics**

_by Hannah Brockhaus (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 29, 2017_

Pope Francis celebrates Mass at Air Defense Stadium in Cairo, Egypt on April 29, 2017. (L'Osservatore Romano)

**Cairo, Egypt** -- On Saturday Pope Francis told Egyptian Catholics that truly living the faith means ridding ourselves of hypocritical attitudes and focusing on the only obsession that counts: loving others, no matter how hard it is.

"God is pleased only by a faith that is proclaimed by our lives, for the only fanaticism believers can have is that of charity! Any other fanaticism does not come from God and is not pleasing to him!" the Pope said April 29.

True faith, he said, "is one that makes us more charitable, more merciful, more honest and more humane. It moves our hearts to love everyone without counting the cost, without distinction and without preference."

Pope Francis spoke to the 15,000 people who attended his Mass at the Air Defense Stadium in Cairo as part of his April 28-29 visit to Egypt. The trip comes largely as the result of a recent thawing in relations between the Vatican and the prestigious al-Azhar University, one of the highest institutional authorities in Sunni Islam, which had been strained since 2011.

The visit also takes place in wake of increasing attacks on Egypt's Coptic community, and as such is meant to show support for Christians as well as cement Catholic-Muslim relations.

Egypt has around 272,000 Catholics and 213 parishes out of a total population of nearly 89 million. The country is predominately Muslim, with Christianity, including Orthodox, Coptic Orthodox, and Catholics, making up only 10 percent of the population.

In his homily, which was given in Italian with Arabic translation, Francis spoke about the qualities of a sincere faith, pointing out that we are called to love, serve, and help our brothers and sisters - never treating them like an enemy.

True faith, he said, "spurs us on to spread, defend and live out the culture of encounter, dialogue, respect and fraternity." It also gives us "the courage to forgive those who have wronged us," and to live out the corporal works of mercy.

Continuing, the Pope said "true faith leads us to protect the rights of others with the same zeal and enthusiasm with which we defend our own. Indeed, the more we grow in faith and knowledge, the more we grow in humility and in the awareness of our littleness."

His words centered on the day's Gospel passage for the third Sunday of Easter, which tells the story of the disciples meeting Jesus on the road from Jerusalem to Emmaus. The experience of the disciples, he said, can be summed up in three words: death, resurrection and life.

At first the disciples are full of disappointment and despair, not understanding how God could have allowed Jesus, their Savior, to be crucified, Francis observed. However, Jesus then approaches and walks with them, turning their despair into life.

"They could not understand why Almighty God had not saved him from such a disgraceful death," he said. "The cross of Christ was the cross of their own ideas about God; the death of Christ was the death of what they thought God to be."

However, in reality, "it was they who were dead, buried in the tomb of their limited understanding," the Pope continued, adding: "How often do we paralyze ourselves by refusing to transcend our own ideas of God, a god created in the image and likeness of man!"

"How often do we despair by refusing to believe that God's omnipotence is not one of power and authority, but rather of love, forgiveness and life!"

Eventually, it is in the "breaking of the bread," the Eucharist, that the two disciples recognize the Risen Jesus and are "filled with joy, confidence and enthusiasm, ready to bear witness," he said.

Unless we also "tear apart the veil clouding our vision and shatter the hardness of our hearts and our prejudices, we will never be able to recognize the face of God."

It was precisely in this darkness and despair that Jesus approaches and "turns their despair into life," Francis said, explaining that "when we reach the depths of failure and helplessness, when we rid ourselves of the illusion that we are the best, sufficient unto ourselves and the center of our world, then God reaches out to us to turn our night into dawn, our affliction into joy, our death into resurrection."

We must follow the same path of the disciples, not remaining in doubt or despair, focused only on the cross, but coming to realize the truth and hope of the resurrection, he said, stressing that "we cannot encounter God without first crucifying our narrow notions of a god who reflects only our own understanding of omnipotence and power."

This experience must also translate into how we treat others, he said, saying "the experience of the disciples on the way to Emmaus teaches us that it is of no use to fill our places of worship if our hearts are empty of the fear of God and of his presence."

"It is of no use to pray if our prayer to God does not turn into love for our brothers and sisters. All our religiosity means nothing unless it is inspired by deep faith and charity."

The Pope said that in this sense, it's useless to be concerned about our image, "since God looks at the soul and the heart and he detests hypocrisy. For God, it is better not to believe than to be a false believer, a hypocrite!"

Just like the disciples saw and believed, returning immediately to Jerusalem to share their experience, the Church also "needs to know and believe that Jesus lives within her and gives her life in the Eucharist, the scriptures and the sacraments," he said.

Francis concluded by encouraging those present, "filled with joy, courage and faith" like the disciples of Emmaus, to "return to your own Jerusalem, that is, to your daily lives, your families, your work and your beloved country."

"Do not be afraid to open your hearts to the light of the Risen Lord, and let him transform your uncertainty into a positive force for yourselves and for others," he said.

"Do not be afraid to love everyone, friends and enemies alike, because the strength and treasure of the believer lies in a life of love!"

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**Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Holy Mass at the 'Air Defense Stadium' in Cairo**

_The Holy See Press Office  • April 29, 2017_

**Cairo, Egypt** -- This morning, after leaving the Apostolic Nunciature where he greeted, among others, a group of children from the Combonian School of Cairo, the Holy Father Francis transferred by car to the "Air Defense Stadium."

Upon arrival he toured the stadium by popemobile, among the faithful. Then, at 10:00 he presided at the Eucharistic celebration.

At the end of the Holy Mass, the Patriarch of Alexandria of the Copts, His Beatitude Ibrahim Isaac Sedrak, greeted the Holy Father Francis on behalf of all Catholic denominations in Egypt. After the final blessing, the Pope returned by car to the Apostolic Nunciature where he lunched with the Egyptian bishops and members of the papal entourage.

The following is the full text of the homily pronounced by the Holy Father after the proclamation of the Holy Gospel:

**Homily of the Holy Father**

_As-salamu alaykum!_ Peace be with you!

Today's Gospel of the third Sunday of Easter speaks to us of the journey to Emmaus of the two disciples who set out from Jerusalem. It can be summed up in three words: _death_ , _resurrection_ and _life_.

_Death:_ The two disciples are returning, full of despair and disappointment, to life as usual. The Master is dead and thus it is pointless to hope. They feel disappointment and despair. Theirs is a journey of return, as they leave behind the painful experience of Jesus' crucifixion. The crisis of the cross, indeed the "scandal" and "foolishness" of the cross (cf. 1 Cor 1:18, 2:2), seems to have buried any hope they had. The one on whom they had built their lives is dead; in His defeat, He brought all their aspirations with Him to the tomb.

They could not believe that their Master and Savior, Who had raised others from the dead and healed the sick, would end up hanging on the cross of shame. They could not understand why Almighty God had not saved Him from such a disgraceful death. The cross of Christ was the cross of their own ideas about God; the death of Christ was the death of what they thought God to be. But in fact, it was they who were dead, buried in the tomb of their limited understanding.

How often do we paralyze ourselves by refusing to transcend our own ideas of God, a god created in the image and likeness of man! How often do we despair by refusing to believe that God's omnipotence is not one of power and authority, but rather of love, forgiveness and life!

The disciples recognized Jesus in the "breaking of the bread," in the Eucharist. Unless we tear apart the veil clouding our vision and shatter the hardness of our hearts and our prejudices, we will never be able to recognize the face of God.

_Resurrection:_ In the gloom of their darkest night, at the moment of their greatest despair, Jesus approaches the two disciples and walks at their side, to make them see that He is "the Way, and the Truth and the Life" (Jn 14:6). Jesus turns their despair into life, for when human hope vanishes, divine hope begins to shine in its place. "What is impossible with men is possible with God" (Lk 18:27; cf. 1:37). When we reach the depths of failure and helplessness, when we rid ourselves of the illusion that we are the best, sufficient unto ourselves and the center of our world, then God reaches out to us to turn our night into dawn, our affliction into joy, our death into resurrection. He turns our steps back to Jerusalem, back to life and to the victory of the Cross (cf. Heb 11:34).

After meeting the Risen Lord, the two disciples returned filled with joy, confidence and enthusiasm, ready to bear witness. The Risen One made them rise from the tomb of their unbelief and their sorrow. Encountering the Lord, crucified and risen, they discovered the meaning and fulfillment of the whole of Scripture, the Law and the Prophets. They discovered the meaning of the apparent defeat of the cross.

Those who do not pass from the experience of the cross to the truth of the resurrection condemn themselves to despair! For we cannot encounter God without first crucifying our narrow notions of a god who reflects only our own understanding of omnipotence and power.

_Life:_ The encounter with the Risen Jesus transformed the lives of those two disciples because meeting the Risen One transforms every life, and makes fruitful what is barren (cf. Benedict XVI, _General Audience_ , 11 April 2007). Faith in the resurrection is not a product of the Church, but the Church herself is born of faith in the resurrection. As Saint Paul says: "If Christ has not been raised, then our preaching is in vain and your faith is in vain" (1 Cor 15:14).

The Risen Lord vanished from the sight of the disciples in order to teach us that we cannot hold on to Jesus as He appeared in history: "Blessed are those who believe and yet have not seen" (Jn 21:29; cf. 20:17). The Church needs to know and believe that Jesus lives within her and gives her life in the Eucharist, the scriptures and the sacraments. The disciples on the way to Emmaus realized this, and returned to Jerusalem in order to share their experience with the others: "We have seen the Risen One ... Yes, He is truly risen!" (cf. Lk 24:32).

The experience of the disciples on the way to Emmaus teaches us that it is of no use to fill our places of worship if our hearts are empty of the fear of God and of His presence. It is of no use to pray if our prayer to God does not turn into love for our brothers and sisters. All our religiosity means nothing unless it is inspired by deep faith and charity. It is of no use to be concerned about our image, since God looks at the soul and the heart (cf. 1 Sam 16:7) and He detests hypocrisy (cf. Lk 11:37-54; Acts 5:3, 4)[1]. For God, it is better not to believe than to be a false believer, a hypocrite!

True faith is one that makes us more charitable, more merciful, more honest and more humane. It moves our hearts to love everyone without counting the cost, without distinction and without preference. It makes us see the other not as an enemy to be overcome, but a brother or sister to be loved, served and helped. It spurs us on to spread, defend and live out the culture of encounter, dialogue, respect and fraternity. It gives us the courage to forgive those who have wronged us, to extend a hand to the fallen, to clothe the naked, to feed the hungry, to visit the imprisoned, to help orphans, to give drink to those who thirst, and to come to the aid of the elderly and those in need (cf. Mt 25). True faith leads us to protect the rights of others with the same zeal and enthusiasm with which we defend our own. Indeed, the more we grow in faith and knowledge, the more we grow in humility and in the awareness of our littleness.

Dear brothers and sisters,

God is pleased only by a faith that is proclaimed by our lives, for the only fanaticism believers can have is that of charity! Any other fanaticism does not come from God and is not pleasing to Him!

So now, like the disciples of Emmaus, filled with joy, courage and faith, return to your own Jerusalem, that is, to your daily lives, your families, your work and your beloved country. Do not be afraid to open your hearts to the light of the Risen Lord, and let Him transform your uncertainty into a positive force for yourselves and for others. Do not be afraid to love everyone, friends and enemies alike, because the strength and treasure of the believer lies in a life of love!

May Our Lady and the Holy Family, who dwelt in this venerable land of yours, enlighten our hearts and bless you and this beloved country of Egypt, which at the dawn of Christianity welcomed the preaching of Saint Mark, and throughout its history has brought forth so many martyrs and a great multitude of holy men and women.

_Al Masih qam! Bi-l-haqiqa qam!_

Christ is risen! He is truly risen!

[1] Saint Ephraim exclaims: "Just tear off the mask that covers the hypocrite and you will see only corruption" (Sermon). "Woe to them that are of a double heart," says Ecclesiasticus (2:14, Vulg).

Copyright (C) Libreria Editrice Vaticana (vatican.va)
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**Pope tells Egypt religious to never fear or flee from the cross**

_by Elise Harris (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 29, 2017_

Pope Francis meets with priests and religious in Cairo, Egypt on April 29, 2017. (L'Osservatore Romano)

**Cairo, Egypt** -- Pope Francis told Egypt's priests and religious to never be discouraged or fear the challenges of their ministry, and warned against seven key temptations he said can keep them from being faithful to the Lord in their daily tasks.

"Do not be afraid of the burdens of your daily service and the difficult circumstances some of you must endure," the Pope said April 29. "We venerate the Holy Cross, the instrument and sign of our salvation. When we flee the Cross, we flee the resurrection!"

Pope Francis met with Egypt's priests, religious and seminarians at Cairo's Al-Maadi Seminary on the final day of his April 28-29 visit to the country, intended to both offer support to local Christians and strengthen interfaith and ecumenical ties in the region.

After being welcomed by the seminary's rector, Fr. Toma Adly Zaky, the Pope thanked Egypt's religious for the good they do "amid many challenges and often few consolations," and offered his encouragement.

While there are many reasons to be discouraged "amid many prophets of destruction and condemnation, and so many negative and despairing voices," he voiced his hope that they would be "a positive force, salt and light for this society."

However, "this will be possible if consecrated men and women do not give in to the temptations they daily encounter along their way," he said, and highlighted seven key areas of temptation "described well" by the first monks of Egypt.

First, he warned against the temptation "to let ourselves be led, rather than to lead." Christ, as the Good Shepherd, has the responsibility of leading his sheep, Francis said, explaining that "he cannot let himself be dragged down by disappointment and pessimism."

Rather, "he is always full of initiative and creativity, like a spring that flows even in the midst of drought. He always shares the caress of consolation even when he is broken-hearted," he said, and stressed that one's fidelity to the Lord must always be strong, even when human gratitude is lacking.

The Pope then pointed to a second temptation "to complain constantly," noting that it's easy to complain about others, the faults or shortcomings of a superior, the state of the Church and even a lack of possibilities.

However, consecrated people are the ones "who turn every obstacle into an opportunity, and not every difficulty into an excuse," he said, adding that "the person who is always complaining is really someone who doesn't want to work."

Francis also warned, as he often does when speaking to religious men and women, against the temptation of gossip and envy.

There is "a great danger" when consecrated people, instead of finding joy in the success of others, allow themselves to be "dominated by envy" and to hurt others through gossip, he said.

This danger is manifested when instead of striving to grow, religious "start to destroy those who are growing; instead of following their good example, they judge them and belittle their value."

Envy, he said, "is a cancer that destroys the body in no time."

A fourth attitude the Pope told religious to steer clear of is the temptation to compare oneself to others, because "enrichment is found in the diversity and uniqueness of each one of us."

"Comparing ourselves with those better off often leads to grudges; comparing ourselves with those worse off often leads to pride and laziness," he said, noting that those who always compare themselves "end up paralyzed."

Jesting about the irony of being in Egypt, he also cautioned against the temptation of "to become like Pharaoh," which he said means to "harden our hearts and close them off to the Lord and our brothers and sisters."

The temptation here "is to think that we are better than others, and to lord it over them out of pride; to presume to be served rather than to serve," he said, explaining that the only antidote to this "poison" is to become a servant to everyone.

Pope Francis then warned against the temptation to individualism, quoting a well-known Egyptian phrase that goes: "me, and after me, the flood!"

"This is the temptation of selfish people," he said. "Along the way, they lose sight of the goal and, rather than think of others, they are unashamed to think only of themselves, or even worse, to justify themselves."

The Church, on the contrary, is made up of the communion of faithful where the salvation of one depends on the holiness of all, he said, adding that anyone who adopts an individualist attitude "is a cause of scandal and of conflict."

Finally, the Pope pointed to one last temptation to "keep walking without direction or destination."

At times, "consecrated men and women can lose their identity and begin to be neither fish nor fowl," he said. "They can live with a heart between God and worldliness. They can forget their first love."

When this happens, they lose their clear and solid identity and begin walking aimlessly. As a result, instead of leading other people, "they scatter them," he said.

Francis told those present that their identity as sons and daughters of the Church "is to be Copts - rooted in your noble and ancient origins - and to be Catholics - part of the one and universal Church: like a tree that, the more deeply rooted it is in the earth, the higher it reaches to the heavens!"

He noted that avoiding these temptations isn't easy, but that it is possible "if we are grafted on to Jesus."

"The more we are rooted in Christ, the more we are alive and fruitful," he said. "Only in this way can we preserve the wonder and the passion of our first encounter with God, and experience renewed excitement and gratitude in our life with God and in our mission."

Given Egypt's rich monastic history, Pope Francis told the religious to draw from the example of figures such as Saint Paul the Hermit, Saint Anthony and the Desert Fathers.

"You too can be salt and light, and thus an occasion of salvation for yourselves and for all others, believers and non-believers alike, and especially for those who are poor, those in need, the abandoned and discarded," he said, and assured them of his closeness.

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**Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Prayer meeting with clergy, men and women religious, and seminarians at the Coptic-Catholic Patriarchal Seminary of Maadi**

_The Holy See Press Office  • April 29, 2017_

**Cairo, Egypt** -- At 14:45 this afternoon, the Holy Father Francis left the Apostolic Nunciature, transferred by car to the Coptic-Catholic Patriarchal Seminary of Maadi, in the southern outskirts of Cairo.

Upon arrival, at the entrance, the Pope was welcomed by the Patriarch, His Beatitude Ibrahim Isaac Sedrak, the rector, and the vice-rector of the seminary. In the entrance hall he was awaited for individual greetings by ten provincial superiors: five women and five men. Then, following the photograph with the priests of the seminary and various seminarians, gifts were exchanged.

The Pope then proceeded to the sports field where the prayer meeting took place, in the form of a Liturgy of the Word in Arabic, attended by around 1500 priests, men and women religious, and seminarians.

At the end of the prayer meeting, after the renewal of the vows of consecrated life, the recital of the Lord's Prayer and the final blessing, the Holy Father Francis transferred by car to the International Airport of Cairo, for the farewell ceremony before departing from Egypt.

The following is the full text of the Holy Father's address to the priests, men and women religious, and seminarians, after greetings from the rector of the seminary, Fr. Toma Adly Zaky, and the readings:

**Holy Father 's Address**

Your Beatitudes,

Dear Brothers and Sisters,

_As-salamu alaykum!_ Peace be with you!

"This is the day the Lord has made, let us rejoice in Him! Christ is forever victorious over death, let us rejoice in Him!"

I am happy to be with you in this house of formation for priests, which represents the heart of the Catholic Church in Egypt. I am pleased to greet you, the priests and consecrated men and women of the small Catholic flock in Egypt, as the "leaven" which God is preparing for this blessed land, so that, together with our Orthodox brothers and sisters, His Kingdom may increase in this place (cf. Mt 13:13).

I wish first of all to thank you for your witness and for the good that you do every day amid many challenges and often few consolations. I want to encourage you! Do not be afraid of the burdens of your daily service and the difficult circumstances some of you must endure. We venerate the Holy Cross, the instrument and sign of our salvation. When we flee the Cross, we flee the resurrection!

"Fear not, little flock, for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the kingdom" (Lk 12:32). This, then, demands believing, witnessing to the truth, sowing and cultivating without waiting for the harvest. In fact, we reap the fruits of so many others, whether consecrated or not, who have generously worked in the Lord's vineyard. Your history is filled with such people!

Although there are many reasons to be discouraged, amid many prophets of destruction and condemnation, and so many negative and despairing voices, may you be a positive force, salt and light for this society. Like the engine of a train, may you be the driving force leading all towards their destination. May you be sowers of hope, builders of bridges and agents of dialogue and harmony.

This will be possible if consecrated men and women do not give in to the temptations they daily encounter along their way. I would like to highlight some of the greatest of these temptations. You know them, because these temptations were described well by the first monks of Egypt.

**1. The temptation to let ourselves be led, rather than to lead.** The Good Shepherd has the responsibility of guiding the sheep (cf. Jn 10:3-4), of bringing them to fresh pastures and springs of flowing water (cf. Ps 23). He cannot let Himself be dragged down by disappointment and pessimism: "What can I do?" He is always full of initiative and creativity, like a spring that flows even in the midst of drought. He always shares the caress of consolation even when he is broken-hearted. He is a father when His children show him gratitude, but especially when they prove ungrateful (cf. Lk 15:11-32). Our faithfulness to the Lord must never depend on human gratitude: "Your Father Who sees in secret will reward you" (Mt 6:4, 6, 18).

**2. The temptation to complain constantly.** It is easy to always complain about others, about the shortcomings of superiors, about the state of the Church and society, about the lack of possibilities ... But consecrated persons, though the Holy Spirit's anointing, are those who turn every obstacle into an opportunity, and not every difficulty into an excuse! The person who is always complaining is really someone who doesn't want to work. It was for this reason that the Lord said to the pastors: "Lift your drooping hands and strengthen your weak knees" (Heb 12:12; cf. Is 35:3).

**3. The temptation to gossip and envy.** This is ugly! It is a great danger when consecrated persons, instead of helping the little ones to grow and to rejoice in the successes of their brothers and sisters, allow themselves to be dominated by envy and to hurt others through gossip. When, instead of striving to grow, they start to destroy those who are growing; instead of following their good example, they judge them and belittle their value. Envy is a cancer that destroys the body in no time: "If a kingdom is divided against itself, that kingdom cannot stand. And if a house is divided against itself, that house will not be able to stand" (Mk 3:24-25). In fact, do not forget, "through the devil's envy death entered the world" (Wis 2:24). Gossip is its means and its weapon.

**4. The temptation to compare ourselves to others.** Enrichment is found in the diversity and uniqueness of each one of us. Comparing ourselves with those better off often leads to grudges; comparing ourselves with those worse off often leads to pride and laziness. Those who are always comparing themselves with others end up paralyzed. May we learn from Saints Peter and Paul to experience the diversity of qualities, charisms and opinions through willingness to listen and docility to the Holy Spirit.

**5. The temptation to become like Pharaoh.** We are in Egypt! - that is, to harden our hearts and close them off to the Lord and our brothers and sisters. Here the temptation is to think that we are better than others, and to lord it over them out of pride; to presume to be served rather than to serve. It is a temptation that, from the very beginning, was present among the disciples, who - as the Gospel tells us - "on the way argued with one another who was the greatest" (Mk 9:34). The antidote to this poison is: "If anyone would be first, he must be last of all and servant of all" (Mk 9:35).

**6. The temptation to individualism.** As a well-known Egyptian saying goes: "Me, and after me, the flood!" This is the temptation of selfish people: along the way, they lose sight of the goal and, rather than think of others, they are unashamed to think only of themselves, or even worse, to justify themselves. The Church is the community of the faithful, the Body of Christ, where the salvation of one member is linked to the holiness of all (cf. 1 Cor 12:12-27; _Lumen Gentium_ , 7.) An individualist is a cause of scandal and of conflict.

**7. The temptation to keep walking without direction or destination.** Consecrated men and women can lose their identity and begin to be "neither fish nor fowl." They can live with a heart between God and worldliness. They can forget their first love (cf. Rev 2:4). Indeed, when they lose clear and solid identity, consecrated men and women end up walking aimlessly; instead of leading others, they scatter them. Your identity as sons and daughters of the Church is to be Copts - rooted in your noble and ancient origins - and to be Catholics - part of the one and universal Church: like a tree that, the more deeply rooted it is in the earth, the higher it reaches to the heavens!

Dear consecrated friends, resisting these temptations is not easy, but it is possible if we are grafted on to Jesus: "Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit by itself, unless it abides in the vine, neither can you, unless you abide in me" (Jn 15:4). The more we are rooted in Christ, the more we are alive and fruitful! Only in this way can we preserve the wonder and the passion of our first encounter with God, and experience renewed excitement and gratitude in our life with God and in our mission. The quality of our consecration depends on the quality of our spiritual life.

Egypt has enriched the Church through the inestimable value of monastic life. I urge you, therefore, to draw upon to the example of Saint Paul the Hermit, Saint Anthony, the holy Desert Fathers, and the countless monks and nuns who by their lives and example opened the gates of heaven to so many of our brothers and sisters. You too can be salt and light, and thus an occasion of salvation for yourselves and for all others, believers and non-believers alike, and especially for those who are poor, those in need, the abandoned and discarded.

May the Holy Family protect and bless all of you, your country and its entire people. With all my heart, I invoke God's blessings on you, and through you I greet the faithful whom the Lord has entrusted to your care. May he grant you the fruits of his Holy Spirit: "love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control" (Gal 5:22).

You are always in my heart and in my prayers. Take heart and keep moving forward with the help of the Holy Spirit! "This is the day that the Lord has made, let us rejoice in Him!" And please, don't forget to pray for me!

Copyright (C) Libreria Editrice Vaticana (vatican.va)
VATICAN NEWS

**Apostolic Trip of the Holy Father Francis to Egypt (28-29 April 2017) - Farewell ceremony upon departure from Egypt and telegram to the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt**

_The Holy See Press Office  • April 29, 2017_

**Cairo, Egypt** -- At 16:45 this afternoon, in the international airport of Cairo, a farewell ceremony was held for the Holy Father's departure from Egypt. It was attended by the President of the Republic of Egypt, Abdel-Fattah Al-Sisi and a guard of honor.

The Pope boarded an Alitalia A321 which departed for Italy at 17:00.

The aircraft is expected to land in Rome at 20:30.

**Telegram to the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt**

Immediately after boarding the aircraft in Cairo, the Holy Father Francis sent the following telegram to the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt, Abdel Fattah Al-Sisi:

HIS EXCELLENCY ABDEL FATTAH EL SISI

PRESIDENT OF THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT

CAIRO

AS I LEAVE EGYPT, I WISH TO EXPRESS MY DEEP GRATITUDE TO YOUR EXCELLENCY AND TO ALL THE BELOVED EGYPTIAN PEOPLE FOR YOUR WARM WELCOME AND HOSPITALITY. WITH THE ASSURANCE OF MY PRAYERS, I INVOKE UPON THE NATION THE DIVINE BLESSINGS OF PEACE AND JOY.

FRANCISCUS PP

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VATICAN NEWS

**Pope Francis talks nuclear war, North Korea during in-flight presser**

_by Hannah Brockhaus (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 29, 2017_

Pope Francis aboard the papal plane on April 29, 2017. (Ed Pentin/EWTN)

**Vatican City** -- During a press conference Saturday aboard the papal plane from Egypt to Rome, Pope Francis said that in the face of conflict and the possibility of nuclear war, United Nations leaders need to provide a strong leadership, focusing on diplomacy and peaceful negotiation.

"I always say to resolve problems on the path of diplomacy, negotiation."

To find diplomatic solutions to conflict "I believe that the United Nations has the duty to resume their leadership, because it's been watered down a bit," he told journalists April 29.

Asked what he would say to leaders, considering the fear surrounding the possibility of nuclear attack from North Korea, the Pope said that he would call on them to resolve problems "along the path of diplomacy," like he has called on leaders to resolve a variety of problems.

"The path is the path of negotiation, the path of diplomatic solutions," he said. "This world war in pieces of which I've been talking about for two years, more or less, it's in pieces, but the pieces have gotten bigger, they are concentrated, they are focused on points that are already hot."

"Things are already hot, as the issue of missiles in North Korea has been there for more than a year, now it seems that the thing has gotten too hot."

The issue of nuclear weapons in North Korea has been at the forefront as the UN Security Council met April 28 to discuss how to enforce the several sanctions they have already imposed on North Korea, such as resolution 2321, passed in Nov. 2016, after North Korea's latest successful nuclear test on Sept. 9 of that year.

Hours after their meeting, North Korea filed another missile - early Saturday local time - which exploded within seconds of being launched, American and South Korean defense officials said.

Ahead of the Security Council meeting, U.S. President Donald Trump said that if diplomatic efforts fail, the U.S. is willing to engage with North Korea directly over ending its nuclear weapons program.

Direct conflict is possible, though "he would love to solve things diplomatically," he said in an interview with Reuters April 28.

The question concerning the threat of a nuclear attack from North Korea was asked during the flight back to Rome after the Pope's April 28-29 trip to Cairo, Egypt.

During the 32-minute long press conference, the Pope also addressed peace in the Middle East and the situation in Venezuela. He also responded to a question about populism, highlighting in particular the difference between populism in Europe and populism in Latin America.

Asked about a possible meeting with Donald Trump, he said that he had not been informed of any request, but that he always meets with heads of state if they ask.

During the brief trip, the Pope made his way to Egypt's prestigious al-Azhar University and adjunct mosque, considered one of the highest authorities in Sunni Islam, where he met with Grand Imam Ahmed el-Tayyeb and addressed participants in the International Peace Conference.

He then met with the country's authorities, including President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, before heading to the Coptic Orthodox Cathedral for his meeting with Tawadros, the last official appointment of the day.

Saturday he celebrated Mass for around 15,000 people in Cairo's Air Defense Stadium before meeting with local bishops, followed by a prayer meeting with priests, religious and seminarians before he boarded the plane to return to Rome.

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**Full text of Pope Francis ' in-flight presser from Egypt**

_CNA/EWTN News  • April 29, 2017_

Pope Francis aboard the papal plane on April 29, 2017. (Ed Pentin/EWTN)

**Vatican City** -- In his conversation with journalists on the way back from Egypt, Pope Francis touched on an array of topics, including North Korea, populism and a possible visit from President Donald Trump.

While nothing has been confirmed as far as a meeting with the U.S. president, much of what Francis said in the 32-minute press conference, which took place during his April 29 flight from Cairo to Rome, focused on themes that came up during his two-day visit to Egypt, but which can be applied to some of the major issues up for global discussion today.

Please read below for CNA's full transcript of the Pope's inflight press conference:

**Greg Burke (Vatican press director):** Here among the journalists are those who are making a trip for the first time and those who have made almost 100 ... no, more than 100, I think. ... And you, I don't know if you know how many international trips you've made ...

**Pope Francis:** Eighteen!

**Greg Burke:** Ah, eighteen, alright great. I didn't know. Nineteen is around the corner, so also you have a good number of Papal trips now. Thanks for this moment which is always a strong moment for us and let's start with the Italian group, Paolo Rodari. I don't know if you want to say something first.

**Pope Francis:** Yes, good evening and thanks for your work because these were 27 hours, I think, of much work. Thanks so much for what you did, thank you. And I'm at your disposal.

**Greg Burke:** Thank you, Holy Father.

**Paolo Rodari (Repubblica):** Hello. Holy Father, thank you. I wanted to ask you about your meeting yesterday with el-Sisi. What did you speak about? Topics of human rights were mentioned and, in particular, that you were able to speak about the case of Giulio Regeni, and do you think the truth will be reached in that regard?

**Pope Francis:** On this I will give a general response, to then reach the particular. Generally when I am with a head of state in private dialogue, that remains private, unless, by agreement, we say 'let's say on this point, we'll make it public.' I had four private dialogues here with the Grand Imam of al-Azhar, with el-Sisi, with Patriarch Tawadros and with Patriarch Ibrahim and I believe that if it is private, for respect one must maintain privacy ... it is confidential ... but later there is the question on Regeni. I am concerned, from the Holy See I have moved on that topic because the parents also asked me to. The Holy See has moved. I will not say how or where, but we have moved.

**Greg Burke:** Dario Menor Torres, from El Correo Espanol.

**Dario Menor (El Correo Espanol):** Thank you, Holiness! You said yesterday that peace, prosperity and development deserve every sacrifice and later you underscored the importance of the inalienable rights of man. Does this mean a support for the Egyptian government, a recognition of its role in the Middle East, and how it tries to defend Christians despite insufficient democratic guarantees from this government?

**Pope Francis:** Could you repeat ... what does what mean? I didn't hear ...

**Dario Menor:** If these words that you said on the importance of peace, of prosperity and development, saying that they deserve every sacrifice, if we should interpret them as a support of the Egyptian government and how it tries to defend Christians despite insufficient democratic guarantees.

**Pope Francis:** No, No ... one must interpret (it) literally as values in themselves ... I said that defending peace, defending the harmony of peoples, defending the equality of citizens, whichever the religion they profess may be, are values. I spoke of values! If a person who governs defends one value or defends another, it is another issue. I have made 18 [international] visits. In many of those nations, I've heard, 'But the Pope, going there, gives support to that government,' because a government always has its weaknesses or it has its political adversaries, and some say one thing or another ... I don't get mixed up (in that) ... I speak about values, and every person sees, is a judge if this government, this state, that from here, that from there, carries those values forward ...

**Dario Menor:** Were you left with the urge to visit the Pyramids?

**Pope Francis:** But, do you know that today at 6:00 in the morning, two of my assistants went to visit the pyramids?

**Dario Menor:** Would you have liked to go with them?

**Pope Francis:** Truly, yes.

**Dario Menor:** Thanks a million.

**Virginie Riva (Europe 1):** Holy Father, a question possibly starting from the trip and extending it to France, if you accept. You spoke at al-Azhar, at the university, about demagogic populism. French Catholics in this moment are tempted by the populist or extreme vote, they are divided and disoriented. What elements of discernment could you give these Catholic electors?

**Pope Francis:** Great ... there is a dimension of "populisms" \- in quotes, because you know that this word for me, I've had to relearn it in Europe, because in Latin America it has another meaning - there is an issue in Europe and there is an issue of the European Union behind it ... that which I said about Europe I will not repeat it here ... I've spoken about it four times, I believe, twice in Strasbourg, once at the Charlemagne Prize and at the beginning of the commemoration of the 60th. There is everything I've said about Europe. Every nation is free to make choices that it believes convenient before this. I cannot judge if this choice is made for this reason, or for another, because I don't know the internal politics. It is true that Europe is in danger of dissolving. This is true! I said it softly in Strasbourg. I said it more strongly at the Charlemagne [Prize ceremony] and lately without nuance. We must meditate on only that - the Europe that goes from the Atlantic to the Urals - there is an issue that scares Europe and perhaps feeds ... the issue is emigration. This is true. But let's not forget that Europe was made by migrants, centuries and centuries of migrants. We are them! But it is an issue that must be studied well, also respecting opinions, but the honest opinions of a political discussion - with the capital letter, big, with the big 'Politics' and not with the little 'politics' of the nation that in the end winds up falling. About France, I'll tell the truth. I don't understand the internal French politics. I don't understand it. I've sought to have good relations, also with the current president, with which there was a conflict once, but after I was able to speak clearly about things, respecting his opinion. On the two political candidates, I don't know the history. I don't know where they come from, nor - yes, I know that one represents the strong right, but the other I truly don't know where they come from - for this (reason) I cannot give a clear opinion on France. But, speaking with Catholics, here in one of the gatherings, while I was greeting people, one said to me, 'But why don't you think big about politics ?' What does that mean? Well, he said it to me as if asking for help ... eh, to make a party for Catholics. This is a good man but he's living in the last century. For this, the populisms have relationships with migrants, but this is not from the trip. If I still have time later I can return to this. If I have time, I will return.

**Vera Shcherbakova (ITAR-TASS):** Holy Father, thank you first of all for the blessings ... you blessed me. I knelt down some minutes ago. I am Orthodox and I don't see any contradiction with my baptism, anyway, I see it as a great pleasure. I wanted to ask: what are the prospects for the relations between the Orthodox, obviously Russian, but also yesterday in the common declaration with the Coptic Patriarch, the common date of Easter (came up) and that they speak of a recognition of baptism ... where are we on this point? How do you evaluate the relations between the Vatican and Russia as a State, also in light of the defense of the values of Christians in the Middle East and especially in Syria? Thanks.

**Greg Burke:** This is Vera Shcherbakova, of the TASS Agency.

**Pope Francis:** Christos Anesti! I, with the Orthodox, have always had a great friendship, since Buenos Aires, no? For example, every January 6th I would go to vespers, to the complete readings, at your Cathedral of Patriarch Plato, who is in an archbishop in the area of Ukraine, no? And he ... two hours and forty (minutes) of prayer in a language that I didn't understand, but you could pray well, and then the dinner with the community. Three hundred people, a Christmas Eve dinner, not a Christmas dinner. They still couldn't eat dairy or meat, but it was a beautiful dinner and then bingo, the lottery ... friendship ... also with the other Orthodox, also sometimes they needed legal help. They would come to the Catholic Curia because they are small communities and they would go to the lawyers. They'd come in and out. But, I've always had a filial, fraternal relationship. We are sister Churches! With Tawadros, there is a special friendship. For me, he's a great man of God! And Tawadros is a patriarch, a pope that carries the Church forward, the name of Jesus before (him). He has a great apostolic zeal ... He is one of the most - permit me the word, but in quotes - 'fanatics' of finding a fixed date for Easter. I am too. We are seeking the way. But he says, 'Let's fight!' He is a man of God. He is a man who, when he was bishop, far from Egypt, went out to feed the disabled, a man who was sent to a diocese with five churches and he left behind 25, I don't know how many Christian families with the apostolic zeal. The you know how they make the election among them. They look for three, then they put the names in a bag, they call a child, they close their eyes and the child chooses the name. The Lord is there. He is clearly a great patriarch. The unity of baptism is moving ahead. The guilt of baptism is an historical thing _(Editor 's note: Pope Francis seems to be referring to the historical 'breach' between the recognition of baptism between the Coptic Orthodox and Catholic traditions. Neither currently recognizes baptism carried out in the other Church)_, because in the first Councils it was the same, then as the Coptic Christians baptized children in the shrines, when they wanted to get married, they came to us, they were married with a Catholic, they asked for the faith ... but they didn't have it and they asked for baptism under a condition. It started with us, not with them ... but now the door has been opened and we are on a good path of overcoming this issue, the door ... . In the common declaration, the penultimate paragraph speaks of this. The Russian Orthodox recognize our baptism and we recognize their baptism. I was a very close friend as the bishop of Buenos Aires with the Russians, also with the Georgians, for example ... but the patriarch of the Georgians is a man of God, Ilia II. He is a mystic! We Catholics must learn also from this mystical tradition of the Orthodox Churches. During this trip, we had this ecumenical encounter. Patriarch Bartholomew was there too. The Greek Orthodox Archbishop was there and then there were other Christians - Anglicans, also the secretary of the Union of Churches of Geneva _(Editor 's note: Pope Francis is referring to the Conference of European Churches)_ but all that makes ecumenism is on the path. Ecumenism is made on the path, with the works of charity, with the works of helping, doing things together when they can be done together. Static ecumenism doesn't exist! It is true that theologians must study and come to an agreement, but it will not be possible for this to finish well if we're not walking. What can we do together? Pray together, work together, do works of charity together ... but, together, eh! And move ahead. The relations with Patriarch Kirill are good. They are good. Also, Metropolitan Archbishop Hilarion has come many times to speak with me and we have a good relationship.

**Greg Burke:** She's asking about with the State ...

**Pope Francis:** Ah, with the State! I know that the State speaks of this, of the defense of Christians in the Middle East. This I know and believe that it is a good thing to fight against persecution ... today there are more martyrs than in the first centuries, most of all in the Middle East.

**Greg Burke:** Phil Pulella ... this question will address the trip, but then let's see where it ends ...

**Phil Pulella (Reuters):** If I can I would like to speak about another topic, but I'll start with the trip. You spoke yesterday in your first speech about the danger of unilateral action, and that everyone must be builders of peace. Now you have spoken very clearly about the "third world war in pieces," but it seems that today this fear and anxiety is concentrated on what is happening in North Korea ...

**Pope Francis:** Yes, it's the focal point!

**Pulella:** Exactly, it's the point of concentration. President Trump sent a team of military ships to the coast of North Korea, the leader of North Korea threatened to bomb South Korea, Japan and even the United States if they succeed in building long-range missiles. People are afraid and speak of the possibility of a nuclear war as if it were nothing. You, if you see President Trump, but also other people, what will you say to these leaders who are responsible for the future of humanity? Because we are in a very critical moment ...

**Pope Francis:** I would call them, I call them and I will call them like I called on leaders in different positions to work on resolving problems along the path of diplomacy, and there are facilitators, many of them, in the world. There are mediators who offer ... there are countries like Norway, for example, no one can accuse Norway of being a dictatorial country, and it's always ready to help, to name an example, but there are many. The path is the path of negotiation, the path of diplomatic solutions. This world war in pieces of which I've been talking about for two years more or less, it's in pieces, but the pieces have gotten bigger, they are concentrated, they are focused on points that are already hot. Things are already hot, as the issue of missiles in North Korea has been there for more than a year, now it seems that the thing has gotten too hot. I always say to resolve problems on the path of diplomacy, negotiation, because the future of humanity ... today a widespread war destroys I don't say half of humanity, but a good part of humanity, and it's the culture, everything. It's terrible. I think that today humanity is not able to support it. Let's look to these countries that are suffering an internal war, inside, where there are the fires of war, in the Middle East for example, but also in Africa, in Yemen. Let's stop! Let's look for a diplomatic solution! And there I believe that the United Nations has the duty to resume their leadership, because it's been watered down a bit.

**Pulella:** Do you want to meet President Trump when he comes to Europe? Has there been a request for a meeting?

**Pope Francis:** I still have not been informed by the Secretariat of State if there has been a request, but I receive every head of state who asks for an audience.

**Greg Burke:** I think the questions on the trip have finished. We can take one more still, then we have to go to dinner at six-thirty. There is Antonio Pelayo from Antena 3, who you know ...

**Antonio Pelayo (Antena 3):** Thank you. Holy Father, the situation in Venezuela has deteriorated recently in a very serious way, and there have been many deaths. I want to ask you if the Holy See intends to carry out this action, this peacemaking intervention, and what forms could this action take?

**Pope Francis:** There was an intervention from the Holy See at the strong request of the four presidents that were working as facilitators. And the thing didn't turn out. And it remained there. It didn't turn out because the proposals weren't accepted or they were diluted. It was a 'yes-yes,' but 'no-no.' We all know the difficult situation of Venezuela. It is a nation that I really love. And I know that now they are insisting, I don't know well from where, I believe that it's from the four presidents, on relaunching this facilitation and they are looking for the place. I think that this has to be with conditions already, very clear conditions. Part of the opposition doesn't want this. Because it's curious, the very opposition is divided and on the other hand it appears that the conflicts are always worse. But, there is something in movement. I was informed of that, but it is very up in the air still. But all that can be done for Venezuela has to be done, with the necessary guarantees, if not we're playing 'tin tin pirulero' _(Editor 's note: this is a Spanish term for trying one thing, then another and another without knowing what one is doing)_. It's not working ...

**Greg Burke:** Thank you Holy Father. And now we go to ...

**J org Heinz Norbert Bremer (Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung)**: Some days ago you spoke about the theme of refugees in Greece, in Lesbos, and you used this word "concentration camp" because there were too many people. For us Germans this was obviously a very, very serious word, and very close to "extermination camp." There are people who say that this was a linguistic lapse. What did you intend to say?

**Pope Francis:** First, you must read well everything that I said. I said that the most generous in Europe were Italy and Greece. It's true, they are closer to Libya, to Syria. From Germany, I have always admired the ability of integration. When I studied there, there were many integrated Turks in Frankfurt. They integrated and had a normal life. There was no linguistic lapse: there are concentration camps, sorry: refugee camps that are true camps of concentration. Perhaps there are some in Italy, or in another area ... in Germany, I'm not sure, but you think of what people do who are closed in a camp and can't leave. Think about what happened in Northern Europe when they wanted to cross the sea and go to England. They are closed inside. But it made me laugh a bit, and this is a bit of Italian culture, but it made me laugh that in a refugee camp in Sicily, a delegate of Catholic Action told me, one of the delegates from the dioceses in Argentina - there is one or two in the area there, I don't know which diocese - the heads of that city where the camp was spoke to the people in the refugee camp, and they said: you, here inside, it will hurt you and your mental health too ... you have to go out, but please don't do anything bad. We can't open the door, but we can make a little hole behind. Go out, have a nice walk, and this is how relationships were made with the people who lived in that city, good relationships, and these (refugees) aren't delinquents, they don't commit crimes. The sole fact of being closed without anything (to do), this is a lager! _(Editor 's note: he is referring to the German name for concentration camp. For example, Auschwitz was a "lager")_. But it doesn't have anything to do with Germany, no.

**Greg Burke:** Thank you Holy Father.

**Pope Francis:** Thanks to you for this work you do which helps a lot of people. You don't know the good that you can do with your news pieces, with your articles, with your thoughts. We must help people and also help communication, because communication ... may the press lead us to good things, may it not lead us to disorientations that don't help us. Thank you very much! Have a good dinner, and pray for me!

_Ed Pentin, Elise Harris, Alan Holdren and Andrea Gagliarducci contributed to this report._

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VATICAN NEWS

**Order of Malta elects interim Grand Master amid ongoing reform**

_by Elise Harris (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 29, 2017_

Fra Giacomo Dalla Torre. (Order of Malta)

**Vatican City** -- The Order of Malta elected Fra Giacomo Dalla Torre as their interim Grand Master as the latest move in the ongoing reform their leadership, which the bulk of his one-year mandate will focus on.

Announced in an April 29 communique from the order, the election of Dalla Torre was the result of the Order of Malta's daylong "Council Complete of State," which fell shortly after the resignation of the Order's former Grand Master, Matthew Festing, earlier this year.

Dalla Torre will swear an official oath before Archbishop Giovanni Becciu, the Pope's special delegate to the Order, and members of the "Council Complete of State" that elected him Sunday, April 30, at the church of Santa Maria in Aventino.

Even though he's currently concluding a two-day trip to Egypt, Pope Francis was the first to be informed of Dalla Torre's election through a letter. Notice was then given to other members and entities of the Order, including the 106 States with whom they currently hold diplomatic relations.

According to the Order's communique, Dalla Torre will serve as Grand Master for a mandate of one year, and will work closely with the Order's Sovereign Council to advance their humanitarian work and to strengthen the spiritual life of the Order.

The new Grand Master was born in Rome in 1944 and is an expert in art and art history. He holds a degree in philosophy from the University of Rome, with a specialization in Christian Archaeology and Art History.

He later began teaching courses in Classic Greek at the Pontifical Urbanianum University in Rome, and was eventually named head of their library and their chief archivist for important collections.

Dalla Torre entered the Order of Malta in 1985 and made his solemn vows as a professed knight in 1993. From 1994-1999 he served as Grand Prior of Lombardy and Venice, and from 1999-2004 was a member of the Sovereign Council.

In 2004, he was elected Grand Commander, and after the death of the 78th Grand Master Fra' Andrew Bertie, he stood in as interim Lieutenant. He has served as Grand Prior of Rome since 2008.

His first official engagement as Grand Master will be the May 5-9 international pilgrimage of the Order of Malta to Lourdes, which each year gathers some 7,000 members and volunteers of the Order to assist sick and disabled pilgrims.

Dalla Torre's election comes after Festing's Jan. 24 resignation, which he submitted upon the request of Pope Francis after a short, but intense spat with the Vatican.

Festing's resignation marked the end of a month-long power struggle between the Order of Malta and the Holy See, which began with the forced dismissal of Grand Chancellor Albrecht von Boeselager from both his position, and his membership in the Order, in early December.

The Holy See then intervened, establishing a committee to investigate the decision. The Order then pushed back, saying Boeselager's dismissal was an "internal act of governance," making the Holy See's investigative group "legally irrelevant" given the Orders' sovereignty.

After a brief back and forth, the Holy See eventually responded Jan. 17 reiterating its confidence in the group and their work. Shortly after that Festing was called in for a private meeting with the Pope and was asked to resign.

Three days later the Order's Sovereign council voted to accept Festing's resignation and Boeselager, whose brother Georg von Boeselager was appointed a member of the Board of Superintendents of the IOR Dec. 15, was also reinstated as Grand Chancellor.

In February, the Pope appointed Archbishop Giovanni Becciu, substitute of the Secretariat of State, as his personal delegate to oversee the "spiritual and moral" reform of the Order, specifically their leadership, until a new Grand Master was appointed.

Shortly before Saturday's vote, the Pope held a lengthy April 26 meeting with Becciu and the Order of Malta's leaders, likely to discuss the election and their process of reform.

According to the Order of Malta, Dalla Torre's primary focus during the coming year will be the reform of their Constitution, with special attention given to any "institutional shortages" the Order might have.

"The recent crisis has brought to light some weaknesses in the systems of control and in the balance of governance," the communique read, adding that "the reform will take this into account."

Special attention will also be paid to solidifying the spiritual life of the Order and to finding ways to increase the number of their professed members. Some consultations on how to do this have already been done, but suggestions from all of the Order's members, professed or not, are welcome.

_Correction on April 29, 2017 at 12:45 MST: Article incorrectly stated that Fra Giacomo Dalla Torre was elected as Grand Master of the Order of Malta. He was elected "lieutenant"-- an interim -- Grand Master._

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VATICAN NEWS

**Audience with Italian Catholic Action**

_The Holy See Press Office  • April 30, 2017_

**Vatican City** -- This morning, the Third Sunday of Easter, the Pope received in audience in St. Peter's Square the members of Italian Catholic Action, on the occasion of the celebration of the 150th anniversary of its founding.

After a few moments of prayer, music and testimonies, at 10:50 the Holy Father entered the square, which he toured by popemobile. Then, introduced by the president of Italian Catholic Action, Matteo Truffelli, and the general ecclesiastical assistant, His Excellency Msgr. Gualtiero Sigismondi, the Pope gave the following address:

**Holy Father 's address**

Dear friends of Catholic Action, good morning!

I am truly happy to meet so many of you today, celebrating the 150th anniversary of the founding of your Association. I greet you all with affection, starting with the general assistant and the national president, whom I thank for the words with which they have introduced this meeting. The birth of Italian Catholic Action was a dream, born of the heart of two young people, Mario Fani and Giovanni Acquaderni, and which became over time a path of faith for many generations, a vocation to holiness for very many people: children, young people and adults who became disciples of Jesus and, for this reason, endeavored to life as joyful witnesses of His love in the world. For me too there is something of the atmosphere of the family: my father and my grandmother were members of Catholic Action!

It has a beautiful and important history, for which you have many reasons to be grateful to the Lord and for which the Church is thankful. It is the story of a people formed of men and women of every age and condition, who have made a decision based on the desire to live together the encounter with the Lord: young and old, laypeople and pastors, together, independently of social position, of cultural background, of provenance. Lay faithful who in every time have shared the search for ways by which to announce with their own life the beauty of God's love and to contribute, with their own effort and skill, to the construction of a more just, fraternal and united society. It is a story of passion for the world and for the Church - I remember when I spoke to you about a book written in Argentina in 1937 which said: "Catholic action and Catholic passion!" - and within this story there emerged the luminous figures of men and women of exemplary faith, who have served the country with generosity and courage.

To have a beautiful history behind you does not serve to make you walk looking to the past, to make you look at yourselves in the mirror, to make yourselves comfortable in your armchairs! Do not forget this: do not walk looking behind you, as you will collide! Do not look at yourselves in the mirror! Many of us are ugly, it is best not to look! And do not make yourselves comfortable in your armchairs, this makes us put on weight and is bad for our cholesterol! Remembering a long path in life helps us to be aware that we are a people who journey while carrying for all, helping each one to grow humanly in faith, sharing the mercy with which the Lord caresses us. I encourage you to continue to be a people of missionary disciples who live and bear witness to the joy of knowing that the Lord loves us with infinite love, and who together with Him deeply love the story we are part of. This is what we are taught by the great witnesses of holiness who traced the history of your association, among whom I would like to recall Giuseppe Toniolo, Armida Barelli, Piergiorgio Frassati, Antonietta Meo, Teresio Olivelli and Vittorio Bachelet. Catholic Action, live up to your history! Live up to these women and these men who have preceded you!

In these one hundred and fifty years, Catholic Action has always been characterized by a great love for Jesus and for the Church. Today too you are called to follow your particular vocation, putting yourselves at the service of the dioceses, around the bishop, always - and in the parishes, always - where the Church abides among the people, always. All the People of God benefit from the fruits of your dedication, experienced in harmony between the universal Church and the particular Church. It is in the typically lay vocation and in a holiness lived in daily life that you can find the strength and the courage to live faith, staying where you are, making welcome and dialogue the style with which you approach others, experiencing the beauty of a shared responsibility. Never tire of walking the streets through which it is possible to nurture the style of an authentic synodality, a way of being the People of God in which everyone can contribute a careful, measured, prayerful interpretation of the signs of the times, to understand and live according to God's will, sure that the action of the Holy Spirit works and renews all things every day.

I invite you to continue your apostolic experience rooted in the parish, which "is not an outdated institution," do you understand? The parish is not an outdated institution, because it is "the presence of the Church in a given territory, an environment for hearing God's word, for growth in the Christian life, for dialogue, proclamation, charitable outreach, worship and celebration" (Apostolic Exhortation _Evangelii gaudium_ , 28). The parish is the space in which people can feel welcome as they are, and can be accompanied in paths of human and spiritual maturation, to grow in faith and love for creation and for their brothers. This is true, however, only if the parish is not wrapped up in itself, and if also the Catholic Action that lives in the parish is not closed up in itself, but rather helps the parish to stay "in contact with the homes and the lives of its people, and does not become a useless structure out of touch with people or a self-absorbed group made up of the chosen few." Please, this, no!

Dear members of Catholic Action, may every one of your initiatives, every proposal, every path be a missionary experience, destined towards evangelization, not to self-preservation. May your belonging to the diocese and to the parish be incarnate along the streets of cities, neighborhoods and towns. As has happened during these hundred and fifty years, feel strongly within you the responsibility of sowing the good seed of the Gospel in the life of the world, through service in charity, political commitment - involve yourselves in politics, but please, in great politics, in Politics with a capital P! - and also through passion for education and participation in cultural exchange. Enlarge your heart to enlarge the heart of your parishes. Be wayfarers of faith, to encounter all, to welcome all, to listen to everyone, to embrace everyone. Every life is a life beloved by the Lord, every face shows us the face of Christ, especially that of the poor, of those who are wounded by life and who feel abandoned, of those who flee death and seek shelter in our homes, in our cities. "None of us can think we are exempt from concern for the poor and for social justice" ( _Ibid_., 201).

Stay open to the situations that surround you. Fearlessly seek dialogue with those who live beside you, even with those who thing differently but who like you desire peace, justice, and fraternity. It is in dialogue that we can plan a shared future. It is through dialogue that we build peace, caring for everyone and entering into dialogue with all.

Dear children, young people and adults of Catholic Action: go, reach out to all the peripheries! Go, and there be Church, with the strength of the Holy Spirit.

May the maternal protection of Mary Immaculate sustain you; may the encouragement and esteem of the bishops accompany you; as does my blessing, that I heartily impart to you and your entire Association. And please, do not forget to pray for me!

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VATICAN NEWS

**The Pope 's words at the Regina Coeli prayer**

_The Holy See Press Office  • April 30, 2017_

**Vatican City** -- Following today's audience with Italian Catholic Action, on the occasion of the celebration of the 150th anniversary of its founding, the Holy Father Francis led the recital of the _Regina Coeli_ with the faithful and pilgrims gathered in St. Peter's Square.

The following is the Pope's introduction to the Marian prayer:

**Before the Regina Coeli**

Dear brothers and sisters, good morning!

Tragic news continues to arrive regarding the situation in Venezuela and the worsening of the clashes, with numerous dead, wounded and arrested. While I join in the grief of the families of the victims, assuring prayers for the repose of their souls, I address a heartfelt appeal to the Government and to all members of Venezuelan society to avoid all further forms of violence; may human rights be respected and negotiated solutions sought to the grave humanitarian, social, political and economic crisis that afflicts the population. Let us entrust to the Most Holy Virgin Mary the intention of peace, reconciliation and democracy in that dear country. And let us pray for all countries that are going through grave difficulties; in these days I think in particular of the Republic of Macedonia.

Yesterday, in Verona, Leopoldina Naudet, founder of the Sisters of the Holy Family, was proclaimed blessed. Raised in the court of the Habsburgs, first in Florence and then in Vienna, ever since her youth she had a strong vocation to prayer and to educational service. She consecrated herself to God and, through various experiences, was able to form a new religious community in Verona, under the protection of the Holy Family, which continues to thrive in the Church. We unite ourselves with their joy and their thanksgiving.

Today in Italy we observe the Day for the Catholic University of the Sacred Heart. I encourage you to support this important institution, that continues to invest in the formation of the young to improve the world.

Christian formation is based on the Word of God. Therefore, I also like to remember that today in Poland it is "Bible Sunday." In the parish churches, in schools and in the mass media, a part of the Sacred Scripture is read publicly. I wish this initiative every success.

And you, dear friends of Catholic Action, at the end of this meeting I thank you from my heart for your presence. And through you, I greet all your parish groups, families, children, young people, and elderly. Go forward!

And, extending my greeting to the pilgrims who at this time are united with us for the Marian prayer, especially those from Spain, Croatia, Germany and Puerto Rico, let us address our Mother Mary together. Let us thank her in particular for the Apostolic trip to Egypt that I have just carried out. I ask the Lord to bless all the Egyptian people, who are so hospitable, the authorities, the Christian faithful and Muslims, and to grant peace to the country.

( _Regina Coeli_ )

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VATICAN NEWS

**Pope Francis: Work is more than money, it 's about the person**

_CNA/EWTN News  • May 1, 2017_

Pope Francis celebrates Palm Sunday Mass in St. Peter's Square on April 9, 2017. (Lucia Ballester/CNA)

**Vatican City** -- Reflecting on the dignity of work, Pope Francis said that a society of fraternity promotes the dignity of the person and provides a solution to the "global economic dictatorship."

"Do not be trapped in the vortex of pessimism, please! If each one does his or her part, if everyone always places the human person - not money - with his dignity at the center, if an attitude of solidarity and fraternal sharing inspired by the Gospel is strengthened, you will be able to leave behind the morass of a hard and difficult economic season of work."

This was the Pope's message to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, corresponding to the feast day of Saint Joseph the Worker traditionally celebrated by the Church on May 1. The research institute is meeting for a Plenary Assembly at the Vatican April 28 to May 2, 2017.

The Pope warned against the two extremes of viewing everything solely as a "trade commodity" on one hand, and overemphasizing a "duty" to the state on the other.

He said solidarity with men and women experiencing "social exclusion and marginalization" is not enough. Rather, there must be an expansion of "the parameters of the traditional concept of justice."

The solution is a society of fraternity, said the Pope, which contains not only the right to equal and just wages, but also supports the development of skills in correspondence to the individual's vocation and dignity.

Before equal remuneration is "conceived as a right" said the Pope, it is important to first recognize work "as a capacity and an inalienable need of each person."

The Pope has discussed the connection between work and dignity before. In March, he talk to a large group recently laid off by an Italian satellite company due to cutbacks, expressing the importance of the dignity of each person and management's responsibility to that dignity.

"Work gives dignity, and managers are obliged to do all possible so that every man and woman can work and so carry their heads high and look others in the eye with dignity," said the Pope to a group recently let go from Sky Italy.

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**Vatican group talks new ways to help poor, marginalized**

_by Hannah Brockhaus (CNA/EWTN News)  • May 2, 2017_

St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City. (Mariia Golovianko via Shutterstock)

**Vatican City** -- Traditional solutions to the problem of poverty typically take a top-down welfare approach, focused on fulfilling a person's most basic needs, such as food and shelter - but which don't address the issue of societal participation and inclusion.

The plenary session of the Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences, held at the Vatican April 28-May 2, aimed to find solutions which promote inclusion for the otherwise marginalized, especially the poorest in society.

"All of the 20th century, and the end of the 19th century, the response to the poorest of the poor was to provide them with absolute basic necessities, such as the workhouse, food, clothes," said Margaret Archer, president of the Academy of Social Sciences.

"This is not enabling them to participate in society; at best, only to survive. Life is about more than just simple survival. Welfare is a top-down solution. So this was the motive for the conference on participation," she said.

Archer, who spoke to journalists at a press conference May 2, said the question of how to go about helping "the poorest of the poor" is a "major challenge" for social theory.

"When you have a population of extreme poverty, what do you do? You give them welfare. The Pope doesn't want the simplistic solution of just giving them money, because it doesn't last forever anyway," she said.

The academy's plenary session, titled "Towards a participatory society: new ways for social and cultural integration," discussed the wide-ranging topic of societal exclusion, which can manifest in different ways in different parts of the world.

In addition to the poor and economically disadvantaged, it also can include migrants and refugees, religious minorities, and those with disabilities.

In some parts of the world, an initial exclusion can end up leading to more and worsening issues, said Paulus Zulu, a professor at the University of Natal. In Africa, for example, he said there is "a crisis of representative democracy."

This is one of the major causes of a lack of social participation, he explained. And when this happens to too great an extent, it frequently leads to excluded populations seeking inclusion or existence elsewhere, one of the reasons behind migration, especially economic migration.

In their meetings, the group discussed alternative ways to bring about "global social change in the direction of inclusivity and fraternity," Archer said, one solution being through Church support of non-governmental organizations.

Pope Francis sent a message to the academy on April 28 encouraging them in their plenary session and urging them, according to the Church's social doctrine, to find "ways to apply in practice fraternity as the governing principle of the economic order."

"Fraternity allows people who are equal in their essence, dignity, freedom, and their fundamental rights to participate differently in the common good according to their capacity, their plan of life, their vocation, their work, or their charism of service," he said.

"From the beginning of my pontificate, I wanted to point out that 'in our brother lies the permanent extension of the Incarnation for each of us' (Evangelii Gaudium, 179). In fact, the protocol we are judged by is based on brotherhood: 'All you did to one of these least brothers of mine, you did to me' (Mt. 25:40)."

"Even though we live in a world where wealth abounds, many people are still victims of poverty and social exclusion," Francis continued.

"The Gospel Proposal: 'Seek first the Kingdom of God and its justice, and all these things will be added to you' (Mt 6:33) has been and is still a new energy in history that tends to arouse fraternity, freedom, justice, peace and dignity for all."

Concluding, he quoted from Benedict XVI's encyclical, Caritas in Veritate, saying: "To the extent that the Lord will succeed in reigning in us and among us, we will be able to participate in divine life and we will be one to the other 'instruments of his grace, to pour out the mercy of God and to weave nets of charity and fraternity.'"

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**Pope Francis: Closed hearts cause suffering in the Church**

_CNA/EWTN News  • May 2, 2017_

Pope Francis visits the Parish Santa Maria Josefa Heart of Jesus on Feb. 19, 2017. (L'Osservatore Romano)

**Vatican City** -- Moralists without empathy are unable to see how God transforms "hearts of stone" into real hearts of flesh - and it's a problem that harms the Christian community, Pope Francis said.

"This causes suffering in the Church. The closed hearts, the hearts of stone, the hearts which do not want to be open, do not want to hear, the hearts which only know the language of condemnation," the Pope said during his Tuesday morning homily at Casa Santa Maria.

He reflected on the hardness of heart which lead to the death of Saint Stephen, as depicted in the day's reading from the Acts of the Apostles at Mass.

The temple authorities who stoned St. Stephen are what Pope Francis called "those who condemn all who are outside the law." He said Stephen had called them "uncircumcised of heart" because they lacked an ability to understand the word of God.

Although the apostles were called foolish by Christ on the walk from Jerusalem to Emmaus, the Pope clarified that they were blinded by misunderstanding and fear but capable of hearing the truth and being corrected.

"When Jesus rebuked them, they let his words enter them and their hearts burned within them, while those who stoned Stephen were furious and did not want to listen!"

Pope Francis referred to the Lord's "beautiful promise" to the Prophet Ezekiel: "I will give you a new heart, and I will put a new spirit in you. I will take out your stony, stubborn heart and give you a tender, responsive heart."

A tender and responsive heart understands correction and how to hear. Closed hearts, however, don't know how to listen, they only "know how to condemn, they do not know how to say 'Explain it to me, why do you say this? Why this? Explain it to me."

He said these stony hearts are not able to handle Christ's words of rebuke and are the same hearts which led to the deaths of Saint Stephen and the prophets in the Old Testament.

"There was no place in their hearts for the Holy Spirit," Pope Francis said, comparing them to Stephen who "was filled with the Holy Spirit, he had understood everything, he was a witness to the obedience of the word made flesh, and this was done by the Holy Spirit."

Reflecting on the Gospel when the Pharisees propose to stone the adulteress, he told those present to "look inside yourself" to see the sins which Christ makes clearer.

"We look at the tenderness of Jesus, the witness of obedience, that great witness, Jesus, who has given life, which makes us look for the tenderness of God, confronting us, our sins, our weaknesses."

The fear, misunderstanding, and foolishness of the apostles on the way to Emmaus represent us with our "many doubts, many sins" the Pope said. However, during the temptation to pull away from the cross, he said we should "make space to hear Jesus, who makes our hearts burn."

Pope Francis urged the faithful to "enter this dialogue and let us call for the grace of the Lord which softens the rigid hearts of those people who are always closed in the law and condemn all who are outside the law."

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**General Audience: Holy Father Pope Francis ' reflections on his recent Apostolic trip to Egypt**

_The Holy See Press Office  • May 3, 2017_

**Vatican City** -- This morning's General Audience took place at 9:30 a.m. in St. Peter's Square, where the Holy Father Francis met with groups of pilgrims and faithful from Italy and all over the world.

In his address in Italian the Pope focused on his recent apostolic trip to Egypt.

After summarizing his catechesis in several languages, the Holy Father addressed special greetings to the groups of faithful present.

The General Audience concluded with the recital of the _Pater Noster_ and the Apostolic Blessing.

**Catechesis of the Holy Father**

Dear brothers and sisters, good morning!

Today I would like to speak to you about the Apostolic trip that, with God's help, I made in Egypt in recent days. I visited the country following a fourfold invitation: from the president of the Republic, from His Holiness the Coptic Orthodox Patriarch, from the Grand Imam of Al-Azhar and from the Coptic Catholic Patriarch. I thank each one of them for the welcome they gave me, which was truly warm. And I thank the entire Egyptian population for their participation and for the affection with which they lived this visit from Peter's Successor.

The president and the civil authorities made extraordinary efforts to ensure that this event was able to take place in the best way, so that it could be a sign of peace, for Egypt and for all the region, which unfortunately suffers as a result of conflicts and terrorism. Indeed, the motto for the trip was "Pope of peace in an Egypt of peace."

My visit to Al-Azhar University, the most ancient Islamic university and the highest academic institution of Sunni Islam, had a dual aim: that of dialogue between Christians and Muslims and, at the same time, that of promoting peace in the world. At Al-Azhar I met with the Grand Imam, a meeting which then extended into the International Conference for Peace. In this context I offered a reflection that highlighted the history of Egypt as a land of civilization and a land of covenants. For all humanity Egypt is a synonym for ancient civilization, treasures of art and knowledge; and this reminds us that peace is constructed through education, the formation of knowledge, a humanism that includes as an integral part the religious dimension, the relationship with God, as the Grand Imam recalled in his discourse. Peace is constructed also starting form the covenant between God and man, the foundation of the alliance between all men, based on the Decalogue written on the tablets of stone of Sinai, but far more deeply in the heart of every man of every time and place, a law that is summarized in the two commandments of love for God and neighbor.

This same foundation is at the basis of the construction of the social and civil order, in which all citizens, of every origin, culture and religion, are called to collaborate. Such a vision of healthy secularity emerged in the exchange of speeches with the president of the Republic of Egypt, in the presence of the authorities of the country and the diplomatic corps. The great historic and religious heritage of Egypt and its role in the Middle Eastern region confer to it a special task in the path towards stable and lasting peace, that rests not only on the right to use force, but also on the power of law.

Christians, in Egypt as in every nation on earth, are called to be a leaven of fraternity. And this is possible if in themselves they experience communion in Christ. We were able to give a strong sign of communion, thanks be to God, together with my dear brother Pope Tawadros II, the Patriarch of the Coptic Orthodox Church. We were able to reaffirm our commitment, also by signing a Common Declaration, to walk together and to look for ways not to repeat the Baptism administered in the respective Churches. Together we prayed for the martyrs of the recent attacks that tragically targeted that venerable Church, and their blood made fruitful that ecumenical encounter, in which the Patriarch of Constantinople, Bartholomew, also participated.

The second day of the trip was dedicated to the Catholic faithful. The Holy Mass celebrated in the Stadium, made available by the Egyptian authorities, was a celebration of faith and fraternity, in which we felt the living presence of the Risen Lord. Commenting on the Gospel, I exhorted the small Catholic community in Egypt to relive the experience of the disciples of Emmaus: to find always in Christ, Word and Bread of life, the joy of faith, the ardor of hope and the strength to bear witness in love that "we have encountered the Lord!"

And the final moment I spent together with the priests, men and women religious and seminarians, in the major seminary. It was a Liturgy of the Word, in which the promises of consecrated life were renewed. In this community of men and women who have chosen to give their life to Christ for the Kingdom of God, I saw the beauty of the Church in Egypt, and I prayed for all the Christians in the Middle East so that, guided by their pastors and accompanied by consecrated persons, they may be salt and light in those lands, in the midst of those people.

I thank once again those who made this trip possible and those who in different ways gave their contribution, especially the many people who offered their prayers and their sufferings. May the Holy Family of Nazareth, which emigrated to the banks of the Nile to flee from Herod's violence, always bless and protect the Egyptian people and guide them on the way of prosperity, fraternity and peace.

**Greetings in various languages: English**

I greet the English-speaking pilgrims and visitors taking part in today's audience, particularly the groups from Ireland, Denmark, Finland, New Zealand, Singapore, India, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Canada and the United States of America. In the joy of the Risen Christ, I invoke upon you and your families the loving mercy of God our Father. May the Lord bless you all!

Copyright (C) Libreria Editrice Vaticana (vatican.va)
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**Papal visit completes anniversary celebrations, Fatima bishop says**

_by Elise Harris (CNA/EWTN News)  • May 3, 2017_

Pope Francis with a statue of Our Lady of Fatima at the Wednesday General Audience in St. Peter's Square on May 13, 2015. (L'Osservatore Romano)

**Vatican City** -- After a whirlwind trip to Egypt last week, Pope Francis in just 10 days will head to Portugal for the centenary celebration of the Marian apparitions of Fatima, where anticipation is building for the visit of the "bishop in white."

"The centenary is a memorable, unforgettable date to give thanks to God for all the gifts that the message of Fatima has scattered throughout Portugal, but also in the whole world," Bishop Antonio dos Santos Marto of Leiria-Fatima told CNA in an interview.

And the centenary celebrations "wouldn't be complete without the presence of the Pope," he said, explaining that the Pope "is part of the message of Fatima."

Pointing to the third "secret" of Our Lady of Fatima, which presents a pilgrim Church that is persecuted and led by a "bishop in white," Marto said this figure can be understood to be the Pope, who is present in Our Lady's message.

In her apparitions, Mary also asked for people to pray for the Pope, "so the Pope is part of the message of Fatima," he said, adding that the fact that several Popes have visited Fatima shows the "catholicity," or "universality" of Our Lady's message.

"It's not only for Portugal, it's not only for the Church in Portugal, it's for the entire Church and, I would say, the entire world," he said. "So people who work here preparing for the Pope's visit are working with a lot of commitment and a lot of enthusiasm."

Bishop Marto has overseen the diocese of Leiria-Fatima since 2006, and is in charge of preparing not only for the 100th anniversary of the apparitions of Our Lady of Fatima, but also for the May 12-13 visit of Pope Francis to Fatima for the celebrations.

On May 13, 1917, three shepherd children named Lucia, Jacinta, and Francisco saw a vision of Our Lady of Fatima who was dressed in white and holding a rosary. These apparitions lasted through October of the same year, and brought messages of prayer, repentance, and reparation.

The apparitions were declared of "supernatural character" by the Catholic Church in 1930, and a shrine was erected near the original apparition site in Fatima. Since then, thousands of pilgrims have made their prayerful journeys to Fatima, including three popes: Pope Paul VI, Pope John Paul II, and Pope Benedict XVI.

The bishop said that the diocese has been preparing for the centenary for almost 10 years, since the visit of Pope Benedict XVI in 2010.

Since that visit, the diocese has dedicated each year to one of Our Lady's apparitions as a lead-in to the centenary, beginning with one year dedicated the message of the angel who appeared to Lucia, Francisco and Jacinta before Mary herself appeared to them.

An angel appeared to the shepherd children three times the year before the Marian apparitions, at one point giving them the Eucharist.

"So it was the theme of the mystery of the trinitarian love of God for the first year," Bishop Marto said, explaining that each year after that had its own theme based on Mary's apparitions, complete with a theological points developed through congresses, catechetical studies and a different pilgrim itinerary for each year.

In addition to this, the Fatima shrine has also offered special catechetical themes for parishes focused on the visit of Pope Francis.

The staff of the diocese is currently divided into different working groups that focus on practical preparations such as protocol and logistics, including the details of the papal delegation and the swath of journalists who will travel with the Pope.

Ultimately, the Pope's visit to Fatima for the centenary of the apparitions will help "to rediscover the richness and beauty of this message for our time," the bishop said.

The message of Fatima, he said, refers to "the greatest, most tragic events of the 20th century." Namely, the two World Wars, "with their genocides, millions of innocent victims," and the persecution at the hands of atheist and totalitarian regimes, which threatened to destroy the Church from view.

"So it was a message of grace, to say that God is with us, he doesn't abandon us, the mercy of God has a higher limit than the power of evil, and a message of peace," Marto said. "These three words are the gift Our Lady brings: grace, mercy and peace."

Our Lady's appeals for conversion, prayer and reparation are also very timely, he said, noting that even in contemporary society, at times we forget "to make reparation for what was spoiled."

Using new technologies as an example, he said that today if something we own breaks, we toss it and get a new one, "but you can't repair the heart like this, throwing it out of the chest."

"The heart, relationships with others and among people, need reparation, need renewal in the sense of rebuilding, renewing; of re-making even the relationships with God and others," he said, warning that "sometimes in front of evil, we feel powerless, and there's a sense of resignation."

Mary, the bishop said, came "to look for collaborators in the merciful design of God before the power of evil," which makes her message extremely relevant today, because while there might not be as much persecution from atheist regimes, "there's the danger of something, in my view, that's worse: religious indifference."

"To live as if God didn't exist. To live with your back to God. The sense of God is lost, and when one loses the sense of God, they also lose the sense of humanity," he said, explaining that because of this, "the message (of Fatima) is always relevant."

Bishop Marto also spoke on the coming canonization of Francisco and Jacinta Marto, who will be canonized May 13 during Pope Francis' Mass at the Fatima shrine, marking the first time in the history of the Church that a child who is not a martyr has been declared a Saint.

"The canonization of the shepherds is a gift," the bishop said, explaining that the holiness of children is "one of the most beautiful fruits of the apparitions."

With her initial invitation to the children to "offer yourselves to God in reparation for the sins of the world" and her promise later to Lucia, who became a nun, that "I will never leave you, my Immaculate Heart will be your refuge," Mary accompanied the children on their entire path to holiness, he said.

"The Madonna guided the children, the shepherds, on this path of holiness. So I think it will be very beautiful for the people to be able to pray to these two saints."

When asked what Francisco and Jacinta can teach the world today, Bishop Marto said their witness is one of "everyday holiness. ... They are an example of the holiness of the people, accessible to everyone, to all ages; children, adults, men, women, teenagers, etc."

They also show us how this holiness is lived with different personalities, he said, noting that while Francisco was more contemplative and united to the suffering experienced by Jesus due to sin, Jacinta was more compassionate and concerned with the salvation of others.

"Francisco was fascinated with the mystery of God, the beauty of the mystery of God, the beauty of the goodness of the love of God that remained inside of him," the bishop said, explaining that during his time in adoration, Francisco saw the sadness of God due to the sins of the world and chose to accompany him "for hours of praying, meditating, contemplating."

"He put into action a very urgent dimension of the faith, which is mystic of the faith," he said, adding that "if we don't have a loving experience of God, we won't have a faith that sustains us in the world today."

"Faith today no longer goes through traditions, it no longer has the support of the traditions of the family, of school, of the culture," he said, so "it has to be a personal conviction, a personal experience of the presence of God in us."

Jacinta, on the other hand, was "full of compassion for those who suffered, (and) the poor, whom she prayed for. She had a strong tenderness."

This tenderness was shown to all who came to her, whether it was by recommending prayers, giving food to those who didn't have any, or sharing what she had with others, the bishop said.

"Today compassion is very important in the culture of indifference. Each day it's stronger. What does that one matter to me? Each one makes do (for themselves)," he said. "So this compassion, this ability to suffer with others, to share in the suffering of the other and also to suffer for others," is crucial.

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**Pope urges Vatican communications to go digital amid ongoing reform**

_by Hannah Brockhaus (CNA/EWTN News)  • May 4, 2017_

A view of the facade of St. Peter's Basilica from the Vatican's Apostolic Palace. (Lauren Cater/CNA)

**Vatican City** -- Pope Francis told the Vatican's Secretariat for Communications, which is holding their first plenary assembly this week, that given a growing digital culture throughout the world, new media must become a primary platform for spreading the Gospel.

"Studying new ways and means to communicate the Gospel of mercy to all people, in the heart of different cultures, through the media that the new digital cultural context makes available to our contemporaries" is something that is "very much in my heart," Pope Francis said May 4.

He spoke to members of his Secretariat for Communications, which was formed in June 2015 as part of his ongoing reform of the Roman Curia, during their first plenary assembly.

The assembly is taking place May 3-5 at the Vatican and gathers members of the secretariat, which is headed by Msgr. Dario Edoardo Vigano.

In his audience with the plenary participants, Francis said the word "reform" is something we shouldn't be afraid of. To reform, he said, isn't just "repainting" things, but is rather "giving another form to things, organizing them in a different way."

"And it must be done with intelligence, meekness, but also ... also, allow me the word, with a bit of 'violence,'" he said, but stressed that its a "good violence to reform things."

More than just merging the Vatican's various communications entities, the secretariat has the task of building "a truly new institution" that has arisen from the need for a "so-called 'digital convergence,'" he said.

Whereas in the past each form of expression had its own medium in either newspapers, books, photographs, television, radio and CDs, now all of these forms of communications, are transmitted "with a single code that exploits the binary system."

In this context, he pointed to the Vatican newspaper L'Osservatore Romano, which will officially join the secretariat next year, saying it "will have to find a new and different way to reach a number of readers greater to what it can achieve in paper format."

As of now the paper operates primarily in daily and weekly print format, with a limited online presence in its various languages.

Pope Francis also turned to Vatican Radio, which broadcasts papal and Vatican news several languages throughout the world, saying the entity will need to be revisited "according to new models and adapted to the modern technologies and needs of our contemporaries."

He made a point to emphasize the attention Vatican Radio has given to broadcasting in countries will little access to technology, such as certain countries in Africa, noting that services to these places "have never been abandoned."

In addition to L'Osservatore Romano, the Vatican Publishing House and the Vatican Typography office will also be merged into the greater working community of the secretariat, which is something the Pope said will require "availability to harmonize" with their "new productive and distributive design."

"The work is great, the challenge is great, but it can be done. It must be done," he said, stressing the need to for a willingness to work together as all of the changes and merges take place.

As the study commissions within the secretariat move forward in identifying new paths and proposals, the Pope told them to be "courageous" in the criteria they choose, asking that the guiding criteria be an "apostolic and missionary one, with special attention to situations of discomfort, poverty, difficulty."

"In this way, it becomes possible to bring the Gospel to everyone, to optimize human resources, without replacing the communication of the local Churches and, at the same time, supporting the ecclesial communities most in need."

He concluded his speech stressing the need to "not let ourselves be overcome by the temptation of attachment to a glorious past," and encouraged members instead to make "a great effort of teamwork to better respond to the new communicative challenges that the culture of today asks of us, without fear and without imagining apocalyptic scenarios."

Pope Francis established the Secretariat for Communications on June 27, 2015, with the promulgation of the motu proprio, "The current communication context."

One of its primary responsibilities is the restructuring and consolidation of the Holy See's various communications outlets, which were previously ran as individual offices.

The dicastery will eventually oversee Vatican Radio, L'Osservatore Romano, the Vatican Television Center, the Holy See Press Office, the Pontifical Council for Social Communications, Vatican Internet Service, the Vatican Typography, the Photograph Service, and the Vatican publishing house.

Msgr. Dario Edoardo Vigano, previously head of Vatican Television, is prefect of the department. On April 12, 2017, the Pope named a group of 13 new consultors, including EWTN's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Michael P. Warsaw.

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**Trump to meet Pope Francis at the Vatican on May 24**

_CNA/EWTN News  • May 4, 2017_

Pope Francis (l) and U.S. President Donald Trump (r). (Stephen Driscoll/CNA and Tinseltown via Shutterstock)

**Vatican City** -- President Donald Trump will meet Pope Francis during a visit to the Vatican later this month.

"His Holiness Pope Francis will receive the Hon. Donald Trump, President of the United States of America, on Wednesday, 24 May 2017, at 8:30 a.m. in the Apostolic Palace," the Vatican announced Thursday.

"President Trump will then meet with His Eminence Cardinal Pietro Parolin, Secretary of State, and Archbishop Paul Gallagher, Secretary for Relations with States."

The president's trip will also include visits to Israel and Saudi Arabia, according to officials. Trump will also attend a NATO meeting in Brussels on May 25 and a G7 summit in Sicily on May 26.

The president and the pope have sometimes been put at odds.

During a Feb. 18, 2016 in-flight press conference, Reuters reporter Philip Pullella asked the Pope to respond to Donald Trump's immigration stand.

Pope Francis answered: "A person who thinks only about building walls, wherever they may be, and not building bridges, is not Christian. This is not in the Gospel."

The pontiff added he would "give the benefit of the doubt" to the political candidate.

One week prior, Trump had bashed Pope Francis as a "pawn" for the Mexican government and "a very political person" who does not understand the problems of the United States.

Holy See spokesman Father Federico Lombardi on Feb. 19 told Vatican Radio that the Pope's comment "was never intended to be, in any way, a personal attack or an indication of how to vote" and had repeated a longstanding theme of his papacy, bridge-building.

The U.S. bishops have had a mixed response to the early days of the Trump administration, criticizing his refugee and immigration plan, while praising his pro-life measures.

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**Solanus Casey, Cardinal Van Thuan among those advanced toward sainthood**

_by Hannah Brockhaus (CNA/EWTN News)  • May 4, 2017_

Venerable Solanus Casey (l) and Servant of God Nguyen Van Thuan (r). (CC 3.0 and Thuy Ho CC 3.0)

**Vatican City** -- Pope Francis on Thursday approved decrees of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints advancing the causes for canonization of 12 individuals, including the American-born Capuchin Solanus Casey and the Vietnamese cardinal Francis Xavier Nguyen Van Thuan.

In his May 4 meeting with Cardinal Angelo Amato, prefect of the congregation, Pope Francis recognized a miracle attributed to the intercession of Venerable Solanus Casey, which allows for his beatification.

Venerable Casey was known for his great faith, attention to the sick, and ability as a spiritual counselor.

Born Bernard Casey on Nov. 25, 1870, he was the sixth child of 16 born to Irish immigrants in Wisconsin. At age 17 he left home to work at various jobs, including as a lumberjack, a hospital orderly, and a prison guard.

Reevaluating his life after witnessing a drunken sailor brutally stab a woman to death, he decided to act on a call he felt to enter the priesthood. Because of his lack of formal education, however, he struggled in the minor seminary, and was eventually encouraged to become a priest through a religious order rather than through the diocese.

So in 1898 he joined the Capuchin Franciscans in Detroit and after struggling through his studies, in 1904 was ordained a "sacerdos simplex" - a priest who can say Mass, but not publicly preach or hear confessions.

He was very close to the sick and was highly sought-after throughout his life, in part because of the many physical healings attributed to his blessings and intercession. He is also known for his fondness for playing the violin and singing, although he had a bad singing voice because of a childhood illness which damaged his vocal chords.

Even in his 70s, Fr. Solanus Casey remained very active, and would even join the younger religious men in a game of tennis or volleyball. He died from erysipelas, a skin disease, on July 31, 1957, at the age of 87.

Fr. Michael Sullivan, provincial minister of the Capuchin Franciscan Province of St. Joseph, said May 4 that "Long before we knew and loved Pope Francis, we had the example of Fr. Solanus who lived the Gospel of Mercy. Known for his compassion and simplicity, he drew many thousands to God."

Archbishop Allen H. Vigneron of Detroit commented that "The beatification of Father Solanus Casey is an incomparable grace for the Church in the Archdiocese of Detroit and for the whole community of Southeast Michigan. He is an inspiration to all us Catholics - and to all - of the power of grace to transform one's life."

The Pope also recognized the heroic virtue of Cardinal Nguyen Van Thuan. Imprisoned for his faith in Vietnam for 13 years, nine of them in solitary confinement, he is now declared venerable, a significant step forward in his cause.

Cardinal Van Thuan was born in Vietnam in 1928. He was ordained a priest of the Vicariate Apostolic of Hue in 1953 and appointed Bishop of Nha Trang in 1967.

He was appointed Coadjutor Archbishop of Saigon in April 1975, six days before the city fell to the North Vietnamese army. Cardinal Van Thuan was imprisoned in a re-education camp by the communist government of Vietnam for 13 years, nine of them in solitary confinement.

While imprisoned he smuggled out messages written on scraps of paper that were copied by hand and circulated among the Vietnamese community, eventually being printed in _The Road of Hope_.

He also wrote prayers in prison, which were later published in _Prayers of Hope_. He was allowed no religious items, but after sympathetic guards smuggled in a piece of wood and some wire for him, he was able to craft a small crucifix.

After being released from prison, he spent three years under house arrest before being permitted to visit Rome in 1991. He was exiled from Vietnam from that point until early 2001, and he resigned as Saigon's coadjutor archbishop in 1994 when he was appointed vice president of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace. He became the council's president in 1998.

In 2000 he preached the spiritual exercises for the Roman Curia, which were subsequently published as _Testimony of Hope_.

He was made a cardinal by St. John Paul II in 2001, and he died in Rome on Sept. 16, 2002, at the age of 74.

Three other causes were also approved for beatification Thursday: Venerable Maria of the Immaculate Conception, founder of the Daughters of Mary Immaculate (1789-1828); Venerable Clara Fey, founder of the Institute of the Sisters of the Poor Baby Jesus (1815-1894); and Venerable Catalina de Maria, founder of the Congregation of the Servant Sisters of the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus (1823-1896).

Pope Francis has also approved the declaration of the martyrdom of Servant of God Luciano Botovasoa, layman and father, of the Third Order of St. Francis, killed in hatred of the faith in Vohipeno, Madagascar on April 17, 1947.

Also recognized were the heroic virtues of the servants of God Cardinal Elia Dalla Costa of Florence (1872-1961); Giovanna Meneghini, founder of the congregation of the Ursuline Sisters of the Sacred Heart of Mary (1868-1918); Vincenza Cusmano, first superior general of the Congregation of the Poor Servants (1826-1894); Alessandro Nottegar, layman and father, founder of the Community of Regina Pacis (1943-1986); Edvige Carboni, laywoman (1880-1952); Maria Guadalupe Ortiz de Landazuri y Fernandez de Heredia, laywoman of the Personal Prelature of Santa Croce and of Opus Dei (1916-1975).

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VATICAN NEWS

**Vatican, Myanmar officially establish diplomatic ties**

_by Elise Harris (CNA/EWTN News)  • May 4, 2017_

The dome of St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City. (Luxerendering via Shutterstock)

**Vatican City** -- In a meeting Thursday between Pope Francis and Myanmar's Foreign Minister Aung San Suu Kyi, the two cemented their diplomatic relationship, agreeing to send ambassadors to each other's countries.

"The Holy See and the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, keen to promote bonds of mutual friendship, have jointly agreed to establish diplomatic relations at the level of Apostolic Nunciature, on behalf of the Holy See, and Embassy, on the part of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar."

Aung San Suu Kyi is a Burmese diplomat, politician and author who currently serves as the State Counsellor and Foreign Minister of Myanmar.

Before her rise to power, she spent much of her career under house arrest due to her push for human rights and democracy, which contradicted the military rule at the time.

She first met with Pope Francis in October 2013 when she came to Rome to pick up an honorary citizenship she'd been awarded in 1994 but hadn't been able to retrieve. Just two years later, Pope Francis appointed Myanmar's first-ever cardinal, Charles Bo, in a clear show of his respect for the country and his preference for the peripheries.

The move to officially establish diplomatic ties comes just two months Myanmar's parliament voted in March to make their country the 183rd nation to enjoy diplomatic relations with the Holy See.

The proposal from the Vatican was postponed in February by the nuncio to Thailand, Archbishop Paul Tsang-in Nam, who also acts as a delegate to Myanmar. He then held a meeting with Cardinal Bo and Aung San Suu Kyi, resulting in the March announcement.

While Aung San Suu Kyi and Pope Francis' meeting this morning likely focused on strengthening their diplomatic ties, mention was also likely made on the part of the Pope of the persecuted Rohingya minority, which he has spoken out on often.

Rohingya people are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group largely from the Rakhine state of Burma, in west Myanmar. Since clashes began in 2012 between the state's Buddhist community and the long-oppressed Rohingya Muslim minority, some 125,000 Rohingya have been displaced, while more than 100,000 have fled Myanmar by sea.

In order to escape forced segregation from the rest of the population inside rural ghettos, many of the Rohingya - who are not recognized by the government as a legitimate ethnic group or as citizens of Myanmar - have made the perilous journey at sea in hopes of evading persecution.

In 2015, a number of Rohingya people - estimated to be in the thousands - were stranded at sea in boats with dwindling supplies while Southeastern nations such as Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia refuse to take them in.

However, in recent months tens of thousands have fled to Bangladesh amid a military crackdown on insurgents in Myanmar's western Rakhine state. The horrifying stories recounted by the Rohingya include harrowing tales of rapes, killings and the burning of their houses.

According to BBC News, despite claims of a genocide, a special government-appointed committee in Myanmar formed in January has investigated the situation, but found no evidence to support the allegations.

In Bangladesh, however, the Rohingya have had little relief, since they are not recognized as refugees in the country. Since October, many who fled to Bangladesh have been detained and forced to return to the neighboring Rakhine state.

Pope Francis first brought up the plight of the Rohingya people during an audience in 2015 with more than 1,500 members of the International Eucharistic Youth Movement.

"Let's think of those brothers of ours of the Rohingya," he said. "They were chased from one country and from another and from another. When they arrived at a port or a beach, they gave them a bit of water or a bit to eat and were there chased out to the sea."

This, he told the youth, "is called killing. It's true. If I have a conflict with you and I kill you, its war."

He brought them up again a month later in an interview with a Portuguese radio station, and he has consistently spoken out on behalf of the Rohingya in Angelus addresses, daily Masses or general audiences.

Most recently, in his Feb. 8 general audience the Pope asked pilgrims to pray with him "for our brother and sister Rohingya. They were driven out of Myanmar, they go from one place to another and no one wants them."

"They are good people, peaceful people, they aren't Christians, but they are good. They are our brothers and sisters. And they have suffered for years," he said, noting that often members of the ethnic minority have been "tortured and killed" simply for carrying forward their traditions and Muslim faith.

He then led pilgrims in praying an "Our Father" for the Rohingya, asking afterward St. Josephine Bakhita, herself a former salve, to intercede.

So while the official establishment of diplomatic relations is a major step in terms of strengthening relations between the Holy See and Myanmar, there are murky waters that still need to be tread.

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WORLD NEWS

**Egyptians filled with hope by Pope Francis ' message of peace**

_by Hannah Brockhaus and Ed Pentin (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 29, 2017_

Pope Francis greets pilgrims in Cairo, Egypt on April 29, 2017. (L'Osservatore Romano)

**Cairo, Egypt** -- As Pope Francis returns from his April 28-29 trip to Cairo, Egyptians of all faiths were pleased by his visit and his message - one that filled them with hope for the future, they said.

Muslim woman Samia Zien Elbeden, whose husband was killed just six months ago, told EWTN April 29 that after the tragic loss of her husband, the Pope's visit "brings me peace and gives me hope."

"I am a woman whose husband has been taken away, I am alone. We had no children," Elbeden said. "My husband was everything. He had a high position in the Egyptian army, one of only 12 at that level."

She said she "was happy with what the Pope said" the day before when he gave a speech at the prestigious al-Azhar University for the International Conference on Peace. He also spoke to Egyptian authorities later on the same day.

Jesuit Fr. Morat, who lives in Cairo but is originally from Syria, also said he was pleased by the Pope's words the first day of his trip.

"It was a great message of peace, for our hearts first," he noted. "The Egyptian people seem happy with it, too. We need hope, we believe in this hope, brought by Pope Francis."

Fr. Morat also said he hopes the Pope's visit "will bring peace to this country."

"Pope Francis is a man of peace and his manner of talking and acting shows that he feels what's happening in the Middle East will bring something new, a new spirit, I hope for this."

A Muslim political consultant to the majority party in the Egyptian parliament, Marouan Younis, said that everyone is very happy to have Pope Francis in Cairo and hope that his presence will boost their own efforts to combat terrorism and promote peace in the country.

"We are sending a message of peace around the world, and now he is joining us in this message."

We are trying build a new country and spread the message to the world that we are in a new era, he explained. "We are really fighting terrorism, a clear fight. We have many problems in our region but we think, we hope, and we pray that we succeed in building a new country."

The country wants to build a relationship with anyone who wants to be their friend, he said.

"The Pope's speeches have been fantastic, very clear. He's been very friendly, just brings hope and love to everybody."

"In Egypt, we're really fighting ISIS hard," he continued. "It's very tough and we're having many problems in this fight because it's a battle fought with arms, ideas, religion. It's a heavy fight, because ISIS knows that if Egypt falls, the whole region will fall."

He highlighted that although a Muslim himself, he has dear friends who are Catholic, Protestant and Orthodox, and they are all happy with the Vatican and Pope Francis.

"The only ones unhappy are ISIS and the fanatics," he said. Speaking about Cairo's Air Defense Stadium where Pope Francis celebrate Mass Saturday morning, he said, "Here in the stadium there are Muslims, Protestants, everybody."

"Yesterday in the prayer meeting we found the three big religious leaders were sitting on the same stage, just praying along with the Vatican, the Pope. I'm very happy with what's going on."

Amani, an Egyptian TV presenter, said she thinks it's a "very critical time" for Egypt, "so it's especially important that Pope Francis has come here." She applauded seeing all Egyptians, including both Christians and Muslims, joining together for his visit.

Amani also said that "we have to specify what terrorism is," saying that she believes it's in all religions, not only in Islam.

"This is what the head of al-Azhar said yesterday," she said, referring to the speech made by Grand Imam of the Mosque of al Azhar, Sheikh Ahmed Mohamed el-Tayyib, who spoke alongside Pope Francis at the conference on peace.

It's time, around the world, to draw the line on what is good and non-violent as part of a religion and what is not, she said.

"Now we're going to divide again between good and bad."

"[The problem] is these people and the money behind them who take bits out of the Koran, the same thing in other religions. Most people all over the world have gone far from their main religion and believe what other people say about them," she continued.

"The main aspect of this visit is that we have now to decide, if we need and want this religion, to look into the past, and study the real religion, not what people say about it."

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WORLD NEWS

**Our Lady of Fatima is coming to the United Nations**

_by Maggie Maslak (CNA/EWTN News)  • May 1, 2017_

Our Lady of Fatima. (Ricardo Perna via Shutterstock)

**New York City, N.Y.** -- One day before the May 13 celebration marking the 100th anniversary of the Fatima apparitions, a statue of Our Lady of Fatima will be visiting the United Nations.

May 12 will mark the second time this particular statue has been to the United Nations, the first being in 1952.

Among the presenters at the May 12 United Nations event is Johnnette Benkovic, founder and president of EWTN's Women of Grace.

"As she [Our Lady] came to the world through her apparitions to the shepherd children, the 100th anniversary of which will be celebrated the following day, she 'comes again' to remind the people of the world that the message is the same - that peace and hope and solidarity are possible through Heaven's plan," Benkovic told CNA.

On May 13, 1917, three shepherd children named Lucia, Jacinta, and Francisco saw a vision of Our Lady of Fatima who was dressed in white and holding a rosary. These apparitions lasted through October of the same year, and brought messages of prayer, repentance, and reparation.

The apparitions were declared of "supernatural character" by the Catholic Church in 1930, and a shrine was erected near the original apparition site in Fatima. Since then, thousands of pilgrims have made their prayerful journeys to Fatima, including three popes: Pope Paul VI, Pope John Paul II, and Pope Benedict XVI.

During Pope Francis' upcoming anniversary pilgrimage to Fatima, he will canonize two of the Fatima visionaries, Francisco and Jacinta Marto, on May 13.

The May 12 United Nations event is titled, "The Centenary of Fatima and the Enduring Relevance of Its Message of Peace," and will take place from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m.

Speakers at the event will include Ambassador Alvaro Mendonca e Moura, permanent representative of Portugal to the UN, and Archbishop Bernardito Auza, apostolic nuncio and permanent observer of the Holy See to the UN.

"The event will be focused in a very special way on the enduring relevance of Fatima's message of peace," stated Fr. Roger Landry, a priest serving for the Holy See's Permanent Observer Mission at the UN, according to a press release.

Benkovic highlighted the significance of the statue traveling to the UN. "Its purpose is to promote a message of peacemaking and peace building in light of Our Lady of Fatima and her messages to the children in 1917," she said.

"We are in tenuous times and the Blessed Mother's message to the world through the Fatima shepherd children is more relevant and important than ever. I am both honored and abundantly humbled to participate in this unprecedented moment at the UN."

Benkovic will be presenting at the UN on the topic of "Mary, the Dignity of Woman and Women's Role in the Promotion of a Culture of Dialogue, Mediation, Peacemaking, and Peace Building."

As a presenter, Benkovic noted the cultural and unitive significance of Our Lady of Fatima, particularly among three major religions: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, saying that Our Lady of Fatima "is a Jewish woman, acclaimed and revered by Christians, and acknowledged and respected by Muslims."

As Our Lady of Fatima is in the spotlight during May 12-13 around the world, Benkovic is hopeful that her messages of peace and repentance will touch individuals around the world in an unprecedented way.

"My prayer is that the hearts of the attendees and those who will watch via social media will be receptive to the message and the name United Nations will attain its full significance in accordance with the will of God through the maternal beatitude of Our Lady of Fatima," she said.

Benkovic also hopes that the Fatima event at the UN will cultivate peace and an attitude of love across all cultures around the world, inspiring individuals to utilize their time and talents for the good of mankind.

"I believe it is God's will that every nation in the world, in a way unique to its people and culture, would seek to establish a civilization of love by infusing family life, communities, institutions, organizations and governmental agencies with moral truth according to the commandments of God and the teachings of the Church," she said.

"If this even, through the grace of God, helps us to focus our energies and hopes and gifts and talents, individually as well as collectively, in this direction, much good will be accomplished."

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WORLD NEWS

**Religious brothers push back on euthanasia directive for Catholic hospitals**

_CNA/EWTN News  • May 2, 2017_

(Drpnncpptak via Shutterstock)

**Brussels, Belgium** -- Following a decision by the board of several Belgian Catholic psychiatric hospitals to start performing euthanasia, the religious brothers who operate the hospitals said the policy change is unacceptable and cannot be implemented.

"We deplore this new vision," said Brother Rene Stockman, the superior general of the Brothers of Charity. Brother Stockman is himself a Belgian and a leading opponent of euthanasia.

The Brothers of Charity in Belgium run 15 psychiatric hospitals with 5,000 patients. The board controlling their institutions has said it will now allow euthanasia in these hospitals.

Brother Stockman said he has informed the Belgian congregation that "as general superior we cannot accept this decision, because it is going totally against our charism of the charity."

He said the decision can "not at all" be justified in a Christian framework. "It is a real tragedy," he told the Australian-based website MercatorNet in an interview published April 28.

The Belgian Brothers of Charity board announced the decision on its website.

"We take seriously unbearable and hopeless suffering and patients' request for euthanasia," the board said. "On the other hand, we do want to protect lives and ensure that euthanasia is performed only if there is no more possibility to provide a reasonable perspective to treat the patient."

Brother Stockman said only a few brothers are still involved on the board governing the Belgian facilities. The majority of the members are lay people.

"Yes, there was a lot of pressure, but pressure doesn't mean that we have to capitulate," he said, charging that secularization is "poisoning the congregation" in Belgium.

Raf De Ryce, chairman of the board overseeing the institutions, contended that the new policy was not a major change, the bioethics site BioEdge reports, citing Belgian newspapers.

"It is not that we used to be against euthanasia and now suddenly are for it. This is consistent with our existing criteria," he said. "We are making both possible routes for our patients: both a pro-life perspective and euthanasia."

De Ryce said the inviolability of life is "an important foundation" but for the board it is not an absolute.

"This is where we are on a different wavelength from Rome," he said.

Brother Stockman, however, said the decision of the Belgian organization has had a big impact. It has drawn praise from backers of legal euthanasia.

"All those who were against us are now singing that finally the group of the Brothers of Charity capitulated and came into their camp," he said.

The Catholic hospitals' previous policy was clear about opposition to euthanasia.

"When someone asked for euthanasia, the question was taken seriously; everything was done to help the patient to change his vision of things," Brother Stockman said. If the situation remained unchanged, the patient was transferred.

"This transfer was done with respect, but always convinced that a signal was given to society that inside our institutes no euthanasia was possible," he said. "This was very important."

The Brothers of Charity's general congregation has informed the Belgian bishops' conference and the apostolic nuncio to Belgium about the matter. Brother Stockman said he is in contact with the bishops' conference president Cardinal Jozef De Kesel.

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WORLD NEWS

**Why it might be too soon to lift the sanctions on Sudan**

_CNA/EWTN News  • May 2, 2017_

A Sudanese woman. (United Nations photo via Flickr CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)

**Washington D.C.** -- Despite Sudan's recent compliance to U.S. guidelines, one expert thinks there's not enough information to warrant a complete removal of sanctions against the country.

"In the case of Sudan, the same cast of characters, the same power base that promotes a perverted and violent expression of Islam is still in power," David Dettoni, senior adviser to the Sudan Relief Fund, told a congressional panel April 26.

"Look at Sudan's 'President.' It is still Omar Bashir," Dettoni said. "He and his power base are still intact and I do not think their fundamental belief system has changed."

Dettoni recognized that reduced sanctions may have played a part in the "cease fire" in the South Kordofan and the Blue Nile State - areas Bashir had previously used criminal like tactics towards opposing forces.

However, he's concerned that the U.S. Special Envoy currently elected to analyze Sudan's improvements has not been to these areas in which saw the most bloodshed and tribulation. And because of this, he thinks there isn't enough accurate information to determine if the country has met the criteria necessary for the sanctions removal.

Nearly a week before leaving office, President Barak Obama eased Sudan's sanctions, allowing the country the ability to trade with U.S. firms. The sanctions would be further removed after five points of criteria were met. A report established by the Special Envoy in Sudan and South Sudan, will be expected to the given to President Donald Trump in June.

Dettoni suggested that Congress draft legislation to revise the sanctions, allowing for periods of modification thereafter.

During Omar Bashir's rise to power, he issued the executions and imprisonment of many political leaders, journalists, and high ranking military officers. Teaming up with the National Islamic Front, he established Sharia, or Islamic Law, at a national level.

The New York Times cited the country as having "instituted one of the strictest Muslim fundamentalist social orders in the world," in 1993 after eight terrorists had been detained in Paris with ties to Sudan - describing the country as a sort of breeding ground for Islamic extremists. The men had been suspected of planning and in process of carrying out a terrorist act in New York City. During his testimony, Dettoni also mentioned that Sudan in the 1990s was home to Al-Qaeda - the terrorist group responsible for bombing the Twin Towers on Sept.11, 2001.

The Sudanese civil wars, claiming nearly 2 million lives, were finally ended in 2005 with the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, and what is now South Sudan was offered the possibility to vote for their secession.

However, other areas of the peace agreement were ignored by Bashir toward the Sudan People's Liberation Army located in Sudan, and he continued scrimmages in South Kordofan and the Blue Nile, areas straddling the border between both countries. The violence was notably significant in Abyei, located within the state of South Kordofan.

"In May 2011, Khartoum invaded Abyei, burning, looting, destroying, killing and forcing the removal of over 100,000 Ngok Dinka," he said.

In order for the 20 year-long sanctions to be completely removed, the Obama administration issued five areas needed for improvement: "ceasing hostilities in Darfur and the Two Areas (South Kordofan and the Blue Nile), improving humanitarian access, ending negative interference in South Sudan, enhancing cooperation on counter-terrorism, and addressing the threat of the Lord's Resistance Army."

Dettoni acknowledged the recent improvements in areas regarding refugees, humanitarian access, and decreased violence in the states along the Sudan-South Sudan border.

He said 380,000 South Sudanese and an estimated 200,000 Eritreans have been given refuge in Sudanese camps, which he claimed to be "tough" but that at least Sudan has "allowed these very vulnerable and suffering people to have a form of refuge."

However, he remains skeptical of the millions of Euros provided by the European Union to curve the inflow of illegal immigrants, known to bottleneck at Sudan. He proposed the money used to beef up Sudan's border force may also be used to violently suppress the victims of years passed.

Dettoni also suggested the possibility that Bashir's compliance with U.S. guidelines is being used "as leverage for political or other goals that they want to achieve" specifically "to loosen sanctions, gain respect, gain valuable foreign currency."

He requested President Donald Trump's immediate action to publicly appoint a Special Envoy that would travel to and analyze South Kordofan and the Blue Nile State, and that the president should meet personally with Bashir and other African leaders.

Dettoni also asked President Trump to amend the previous executive order from the Obama administration or ask Congress to draw up legislation to limit Sudan's sanctions, which would be reviewable every 180 days or annually. He suggests that the executive branch to draft a review in writing and be submitted to Congress and the president two months before the sanctions can be lifted in July.

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WORLD NEWS

**Demolished cross in India sparks outrage among Catholics**

_CNA/EWTN News  • May 3, 2017_

(Amanda Winter via Shutterstock)

**Mumbai, India** -- Despite being located on private property, a 122 year-old cross was demolished late last month in a suburb of Mumbai, sparking legal action from the archdiocese.

"This is gross misuse of authority and the archdiocese, in collaboration with various representative bodies, will legally pursue the matter," archdiocesan spokesperson Father Nigel Barrett told Matters India in an April 30 article.

Local civic officers had demolished the cross a day before, inciting an angry response from the Catholic community. A makeshift cross was established hours later.

In 2016 the Allahabad High Court issued a directive calling for the removal of all religious structures which infringe upon any public roads, ranging from highways to pathways. The ruling is meant to restrict religious activities hindering the flow of traffic on public roads.

The court ordered any religious structure raised before 2011 to be removed within two months, and those issued before would need to be moved to private land or removed in six months. However, the cross was already located on private property.

Assistant municipal commissioner Sharad Ughade had sent notice to the church on April 26 that the cross would be demolished, referring to the ruling. In response, the owner of the land that the cross was located on provided documents that proved the land was private.

Father Barrett said that legal action was on its way over the destruction of the cross, decrying that the proper documentation was seemingly ignored by civic authorities.

The representative for the area's state legal assembly, Ashish Shelar, met with all affected parties on May 2. According to Mid-Day, he said the cross was included on a list of illegal structures which interfere with the development plan of the city.

He said the cross was mistakenly added to the list "without proper homework."

Moving forward, he said the plan would be to reexamine the documents of the demolitions completed so far, to give all religious structures on the list a month to be relocated. Shelar also granted the request for a Christian cemetery to be built in Malad, a suburb on the other side of Mumbai.

Thirty-two temples and six crosses have also been removed since the court order, according to the Times of India.

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U.S. NEWS

**Arkansas executions damage 'our whole society,' Catholic group says**

_by Matt Hadro (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 28, 2017_

(California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation via Wikipedia CC 2.0)

**Little Rock, AR** -- As Arkansas executed its fourth inmate in eight days, Catholics offered prayers for the prisoners, the victims, and their families, saying the executions have diminished the whole society.

"Catholic Mobilizing Network is deeply saddened by the events in Arkansas last night," Karen Clifton, executive director of Catholic Mobilizing Network, said on Friday. "Our prayers are with all the victims' families and all those involved in carrying out these four executions." Catholic Mobilizing Network fights for an end to the death penalty.

Arkansas carried out its fourth execution in eight days late on Thursday night. The state had originally planned to conduct eight executions in 11 days, which would have been the largest number of executions in so short a span of time since the death penalty was re-instated there in 1976.

Bishop Anthony Taylor of Little Rock wrote the state's Gov. Asa Hutchinson (R) on March 1, asking him to commute the sentences of the eight men to life in prison without parole.

"Since the penal system of our state is well equipped to keep them incarcerated for the rest of their life (and thus protect society), we should limit ourselves to non-lethal means," Bishop Taylor stated.

One of the eight inmates, Ledell Lee, was put to death on April 20. Two others, Jack Jones and Marcel Williams, were executed on Monday in the first double-execution in the U.S. since 2000. The lawyers for Williams tried unsuccessfully to win a last-minute stay of his execution with claims that Jones's execution by lethal injection "appeared to be torturous and inhumane."

The inmate executed on Thursday, Kenneth Williams, 38, had been convicted of a 1998 killing of Dominique Hurd, but after he escaped from prison he was convicted again in 1999 on capital murder charges for the killing of Cecil Boren.

Williams reportedly scored a 70 on an IQ test, "squarely within the intellectual disability range" which would make him ineligible for the death penalty, the Fair Sentencing Project claimed. His lawyers requested a last-minute stay of his execution but were denied by the state Supreme Court, the Eighth U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals, and the U.S. Supreme Court.

Four of the eight planned executions were halted by courts for various reasons - one for a hearing for DNA evidence, another for a 30-day public comment period after the state's parole board had recommended clemency, and two others tied to the U.S. Supreme Court's current consideration of a case about the rights of inmates to access an independent mental health professional to determine their competency for execution.

The four executions in eight days, Clifton said, showed "the brokenness of the death penalty system."

"These four men represented all who are on death row: the intellectually disabled, the mentally ill, those who are too poor to afford proper counsel, those who have experienced abuse and severe trauma as children, and even some who maintained their innocence," she stated.

Jones and Williams, executed on Monday, had both reportedly been sexually abused as children, according to the Fair Sentencing Project. Jones had been diagnosed with bipolar disorder before he committed his capital crime, while Williams had been pimped out by his mother for sex as a minor, in exchange for benefits like lodging and food stamps.

In addition, three of the four black inmates originally scheduled for execution were killed, Clifton said, while three of the four white inmates originally slated for execution received stays by the courts.

An AP reporter present at Williams' death reported that he "lurched and convulsed on the gurney" as the drugs for his lethal injection were administered. According to the state's three-drug protocol, midazolam - a sedative - is given first, followed by vecuronium bromide to paralyze the subject, completed with potassium chloride which is mean to stop the heart.

Williams was heard "speaking in tongues," according to the AP's Kelly Kissel, and as the drugs were administered through an IV he was then seen lurching on the gurney coughing, with his chest "pumping" according to one witness.

His attorney noted the reports of Williams' reactions to the injection and called for an investigation to see if the execution was "botched." Other recent lethal injection executions have been allegedly "botched," most notably the 2015 execution of Clayton Lockett in Oklahoma where the inmate was seen writhing on the gurney for nearly 45 minutes after the drugs were administered.

Clifton maintained that Williams' death, as well as the double-execution on Monday, "have raised concerns of possible complications related to the use of controversial drugs."

"Our whole society has been diminished by these four executions," she concluded.

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U.S. NEWS

**White House advisor reiterates Trump 's commitment to religious freedom**

_CNA/EWTN News  • April 28, 2017_

The White House in Washington, D.C. (Solomonjee via Shutterstock)

**Washington D.C.** -- A White House advisor rejected recent concerns that the Trump administration supports the controversial HHS mandate, saying it is simply a matter of timing in finding a "litigation-proof" alternative.

"The administration is not stepping back. It's doing precisely what it should be doing here ... because of the way people are attacking Trump executive orders, it's very important that this thing gets done right and be as litigation-proof as possible, knowing full well they're going to get sued anyway," said White House advisor Leonard Leo, according to Axios.

His comments came amid concerns by religious groups after the Washington Post on Tuesday reported that the Justice Department had asked a federal appeals court for 60 extra days to negotiate an agreement with East Texas Baptist University and several other plaintiffs challenging the controversial HHS mandate. The Supreme Court last year had instructed the Obama administration to negotiate with the plaintiffs as the next step in the litigation process.

During his presidential campaign, Trump had promised Catholics relief from the HHS mandate, which requires employers to offer health insurance plans covering contraception, sterilization and some early abortion drugs. In a letter to the Catholic Leadership Conference last October, he pointed to his opponent Hillary Clinton's support for the mandate, and said "that is a hostility to religious liberty you will never see in a Trump Administration."

After Trump's election, the plaintiffs challenging the mandate widely expected that the new administration would drop the government's appeal of the lawsuits, which federal circuit courts may re-examine in the coming months.

Instead of dropping the cases, however, the administration had indicated earlier this week that it intends to take the next step in the litigation process.

According to Axios, "The Trump administration is considering a range of options, from providing blanket exemptions to allowing schemes that would let insurance companies deal directly with employees."

The HHS mandate was formed under the Affordable Care Act, which required preventive coverage in employer health plans. Obama's Department of Health and Human Services interpreted this to include coverage for contraceptives, sterilizations, and drugs that can cause abortions.

After a wave of criticism from religious employers to the original mandate, the Obama administration announced an "accommodation" whereby objecting non-profits would tell the government of their opposition, and their insurer or the third party administrator for the plans would be notified separately to include the coverage.

Many non-profits - including Catholic dioceses and the Little Sisters of the Poor - said that the process still forced them to cooperate in immoral behavior against their consciences. Some critics voiced concern that the cost of coverage would still end up getting passed along to the objecting employers in the form of higher premiums.

Hundreds of non-profits and other plaintiffs filed lawsuits over the mandate, even with the accommodation. Among these plaintiffs is EWTN Global Catholic Network. CNA is part of the EWTN family.

A number of those cases made their way to the Supreme Court in Zubik v. Burwell. Plaintiffs in the case include East Texas Baptist University, the Little Sisters of the Poor, the Archdiocese of Washington, and other dioceses, schools, and charities.

In March of 2016, the Court asked both the plaintiffs and the government to submit briefs explaining whether a compromise could be reached that provided for cost-free contraceptive coverage for employees and yet still respected the religious freedom of the objecting non-profits.

That request, which came after oral arguments and in the middle of the case, was almost unprecedented in its timing.

After both parties outlined ways where they believed both goals could be achieved, the Supreme Court last May sent the cases back to the federal circuit court level, vacated the previous decisions of those courts, ordered the government not to enforce the fines against plaintiffs for not complying with their demands, and instructed the courts to give the parties time to find a solution on which they could agree.

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**Major pro-life advocate Charmaine Yoest appointed to key HHS role**

_CNA/EWTN News  • April 28, 2017_

Charmaine Yoest. (American Students for Life CC0 1.0)

**Washington D.C.** -- On Friday, President Donald Trump announced his intention to appoint prominent pro-life legislative activist Charmaine Yoest as the new assistant secretary for public affairs at the Department of Health and Human Services.

Yoest served for years as president and CEO of Americans United for Life, a pro-life law organization that works to coordinate and support the advance of pro-life legislation, particularly at the state level. She is currently a senior fellow at American Values in Washington, D.C.

With a Ph.D. in American Government from the University of Virginia, Yoest also served as project director of a national study on paid parental leave in academia. She worked in the White House under Ronald Reagan in the Office of Presidential Personnel.

In taking the position at Health and Human Service, Yoest will replace Kevin Griffis, who was recently named the new vice president of communications for Planned Parenthood.

During his campaign for president, Trump made several promises to run a pro-life administration. He pledged to nominate pro-life Supreme Court justices; sign into law a ban on late-term abortions; defund Planned Parenthood and reallocate funding to community health centers that do not perform abortions; and make permanent a ban taxpayer funding of abortion.

Upon entering office, he reinstated the Mexico City Policy, which states that foreign non-governmental organizations may not receive federal funding if they perform or promote abortions as a method of family planning.

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**In Trump 's first 100 days, Catholics find a mixed bag**

_by Matt Hadro (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 29, 2017_

U.S. President Donald Trump. (Christopher Halloran via Shutterstock)

**Washington D.C.** -- Catholic leaders have found cause for both praise and concern after the first 100 days of Donald Trump's presidency.

"Catholics have reason for optimism. But like the first 100 days, the road ahead remains difficult," Brian Burch, president of CatholicVote.org, said on the organization's scorecard for the first 100 days of the Trump presidency.

**Abortion**

Pro-life leaders have found a lot to like from the Trump administration so far.

"President Donald Trump and Vice President Mike Pence have been game changers for the pro-life movement," Susan B. Anthony List president Marjorie Dannenfelser stated. "Not only have there been several pro-life victories within the first 100 days of their administration, we are confident that pro-life progress will continue. This is a new era."

A week after Trump was inaugurated, Vice President Mike Pence addressed the 44th annual March for Life on the National Mall, the first time a sitting vice president has done so. Senior advisor Kellyanne Conway also addressed the pro-life rally.

"Life is winning in America," Pence insisted to cheering attendees, as he exhorted them to "let this movement be known for love, not anger" and "let it be known for compassion, not confrontation."

On Jan. 23, Trump reinstated the Mexico City Policy which bans U.S. funding of international non-government organizations that promote or perform abortions.

This is traditionally one of the first policy decisions a new president makes and serves as a signal of the administration's policy on abortion. President Reagan first introduced the policy in 1984. It was repealed by President Clinton when he took office, reinstated by President Bush in 2001, and repealed again by President Obama in 2009.

In April, the Trump administration pulled its funding of the UNFPA over its involvement in China's infamous two-child policy, formerly a one-child policy, which has resulted in mass forced sterilizations and abortions. Funding was redirected to USAID for family planning purposes.

Cardinal Timothy Dolan, chair of the U.S. bishops' pro-life committee, called the funding withdrawal a "victory for women and children across the globe."

Shortly afterward, the administration signed a joint resolution passed by Congress that nullified an Obama administration rule that pro-life leaders had called a "parting gift to Planned Parenthood."

That rule forbade states from withholding federal Title X funds to health providers simply because they performed abortions. Now with the rule nullified, states can once again block Planned Parenthood and other abortion groups from Title X funding. Cardinal Dolan also approved of that rule change, calling it a reversal of "very bad public policy."

In addition to signing bills into law, "personnel is policy," Jeanne Mancini, president of the March for Life, insisted to reporters on a Thursday conference call on Trump's first 100 days.

She pointed to the picks of Vice President Mike Pence and senior advisor Kellyanne Conway as two examples of President Trump surrounding himself with persons with strong pro-life records.

Burch agreed that "President Trump has assembled a great Cabinet."

He pointed to the pro-life appointments at the Department of Health and Human Services as examples of this. Former pro-life congressman Dr. Tom Price was tapped to be Secretary of Health and Human Services; Dr. Charmaine Yoest, former CEO of the pro-life group Americans United for Life, has been named to be assistant secretary of public affairs at HHS; and lawyer Matt Bowman, formerly of Alliance Defending Freedom, was also picked to join HHS.

"The Trump administration is staffed with thousands of high-caliber individuals like this," Burch said.

Mancini also pointed to Trump's nomination of Judge Neil Gorsuch to replace the late Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia as another positive sign for the pro-life movement.

"Justice Gorsuch is a constitutionalist, committed to respecting the text and intent of lawmakers rather than legislating from the bench," Burch stated, giving Trump an "A+" grade for the Supreme Court nomination.

CatholicVote provided a report card for Trump's first 100 days. They gave Trump an "A" grade on the "sanctity of life" issues, noting that other achievements like the defunding of Planned Parenthood are still expected.

Although Gorsuch had not ruled specifically on an abortion case as judge, pro-life leaders have noted his dissent in a Tenth Circuit decision that overturned Utah's defunding of Planned Parenthood.

Additionally, in his confirmation hearings, when asked by Sen. Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.) if a "super-precedent" existed for the Court's Roe decision that legalized abortion, Gorsuch would not say that one existed, only saying that the Roe decision had "precedent," according to EWTN's Dr. Matthew Bunson.

Gorsuch was confirmed by the Senate on April 7 after Democrats threatened a filibuster. Republican Majority Leader Mitch McConnell (Ky.) invoked the "nuclear option" to end the filibuster threat, whereby Gorsuch could then be confirmed with a simple majority vote. He was confirmed by the Senate 54-45.

**Religious Freedom**

Gorsuch's appointment is expected to impact religious freedom cases for years to come. One of the first major cases he heard from the Supreme Court bench was the religious freedom case of Trinity Lutheran, a preschool in Columbia, Mo. operated by Trinity Lutheran Church. That case is expected to be the premier religious freedom case of the Spring 2017 term.

Gorsuch sat over high-profile HHS mandate cases while he was on the Tenth Circuit, ruling both times with plaintiffs - Hobby Lobby and the Little Sisters of the Poor - in favor of their religious freedom to not comply with the birth control mandate and the supposed "accommodation" offered by the government to objecting non-profits.

Another significant move by Trump administration was to stop fighting in court for the Obama administration's "transgender mandate." That policy had directed schools to let students use the bathroom of their current gender identity and not their birth gender.

Leading U.S. bishops had criticized the mandate as infringing on the "privacy concerns" of young students and said it "contradicts a basic understanding of human formation so well expressed by Pope Francis: that 'the young need to be helped to accept their own body as it was created.'"

After the administration announced it would drop its appeal for the policy in court, the Supreme Court sent a Virginia transgender bathroom case back to the lower courts.

However, the administration's accomplishments in upholding religious freedom have ultimately been mixed, advocates argue, and one large reason why is that Trump has not issued a broad executive order upholding religious freedom and the rights of conscience as expected.

This is vital, Dr. Jay Richards of the Busch School of Business at The Catholic University of America said, because for any entity contracting with the government - or institutions receiving federal funding like Christian schools that provide federal student loans - they could be subject to actions from the government stemming from Obama-era orders on LGBT status.

Thus, charities or schools that uphold traditional marriage as part of their mission could be subject to actions from the government, unless a new executive order protects them.

The U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops tried to get support for such an executive order, insisting that "any Executive Order should make it clear that religious freedom entails more than the freedom to worship but also includes the ability to act on one's beliefs. It should also protect individuals and families who run closely-held businesses in accordance with their faith to the greatest extent possible."

CatholicVote gave Trump a "C-" grade on religious freedom issues, noting that "a leaked draft of an excellent Executive Order" on religious freedom "was stymied, according to reports, by Jared and Ivanka Trump along with outside left-wing groups."

"Catholics are patient, but want action on religious liberty. And soon," Burch said.

**Refugees and Immigration**

Early in his first 100 days, Trump issued an executive order to temporarily halt refugee admissions into the U.S. for four months and indefinitely suspend the admission of Syrian refugees. The order also halted visa admissions for most persons from seven countries: Iraq, Syria, Iran, Sudan, Libya, Somalia and Yemen.

The order was ultimately halted from going into effect by the Ninth U.S. Circuit Court. A revised executive order that was released later left out the indefinite ban on Syrian refugees and left Iraq off the list of countries from which most nationals would be barred from entering the U.S. It still halted refugee admissions for four months and capped the overall intake for FY 2017 at 50,000 refugees.

Bishop Joe Vasquez of Austin, Tex., the chair of the U.S. bishops' migration committee, was "deeply troubled" at the revised order and said that the refugee admissions program was already well-vetted and secure. Catholic Relief Services said that since global forced displacement is at its highest levels ever recorded, the U.S. must not shut off its refugee admissions program.

The order was ultimately halted from going into effect by federal judges in Hawaii and Maryland.

Trump also signed an executive order in January that would bar federal funding of "sanctuary cities," or cities that publicly did not follow through with federal laws on deportation of undocumented immigrants. The chair of the U.S. bishops' migration committee, Bishop Joe Vasquez of Austin, Tex., stated that the move "would force all jurisdictions to accept a one-size-fits-all regime that might not be best for their particular jurisdictions."

In February, the Department of Homeland Security, enforcing the immigration orders, released new rules that did away with protections for unaccompanied children and asylum seekers coming to the border, created new detention centers, sped up the deportation process, and increased the punishments for undocumented parents who have their children smuggled into the U.S.

Bishop Vasquez warned that the new rules "greatly expand the militarization of the U.S.-Mexico border."

CatholicVote, meanwhile, rated Trump's immigration policies so far a "B," saying that "his poorly drafted and delivered order on restricting refugees from dangerous countries was revised and continues to face legal opposition," but "his stepped-up enforcement has rightly focused on hardened criminals while moderating on those who immigrated illegally as children (Dreamers)."

"Illegal immigration has plummeted, even without a wall," Burch stated.

**Health Care**

Another major priority for Trump's first 100 days was health care. A replacement for the Affordable Care Act was introduced in March with the goal of passing it on March 23, the seven-year anniversary of the ACA being signed into law.

The proposed American Health Care Act attempted to keep in place some policies of the original health care law like a ban on insurers denying coverage based on pre-existing conditions, and young people being able to stay on their parents' health plans until the age of 26.

However, it sought to replace other major parts of the law. The individual mandate - enforced by fines for people not having health insurance - would be replaced with a fine of up to 30 percent of one's new premium for a significant gap in coverage. Federal subsidies would be replaced with tax credits for purchasing insurance.

The U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops had ultimately opposed the Affordable Care Act under Obama because of provisions they said allowed for abortion funding in health plans. They praised the original health care law's expansion of coverage for low-income and sick groups, although they opposed its lack of coverage for immigrants.

With the new proposal, leading bishops praised its protections against federal funding of elective abortions, but expressed serious concerns with its lack of conscience protections for doctors and other health care providers against government mandates like the transgender mandate.

Additionally, Bishop Frank Dewane of Venice, Fla., chair of the bishops' domestic justice committee, worried that the new legislation could result in less affordable coverage for groups that need it the most: the elderly, the chronically ill, and the poor. For instance, the tax credits replacing subsidies were not favorably written for the elderly, he said. The 30 percent fine for a gap in coverage could act as a deterrent for someone to purchase health coverage.

Groups like the Catholic health care ministry (CMF) CURO, however, supported passage of the new bill as a step in the direction of more patient-centered health care reform, as well as a law that would help reduce abortion funding in health care.

Ultimately, the American Health Care Act failed to even make it to the House floor for a vote, but has been amended and brought back to consideration in the House. Among the new additions is an amendment that allows states to do away with "essential health benefits" like coverage for maternity care and hospitalizations that were mandated under the Affordable Care Act.

Bishop Dewane issued a strong statement this week criticizing the revised health care bill for similar reasons as he opposed the original AHCA. Members of Congress should not vote for the revised bill, he said on Thursday.

**Foreign Policy**

On foreign policy, Trump ordered missile strikes earlier this month on a Syrian airbase in response to a chemical weapons attack in Idlib that killed around 100 and hospitalized hundreds. After the Syrian air force had bombed a neighborhood in the Idlib province, hundreds of civilians either died or were hospitalized with symptoms of exposure to sarin, a deadly nerve agent.

The U.S. said that forces of Syrian president Bashar al-Assad were responsible for the attack, and a U.S. aircraft carrier in the Mediterranean launched Tomahawk cruise missiles against the airbase that was used by Syrian forces for the bombing.

Moral theologian Joseph Capizzi of The Catholic University of America told CNA that the response was "judicious" and was needed to uphold international agreements against the use of chemical weapons. Dr. Tom Farr of Georgetown University said "the strikes were fully justified, both as a means of punishing the evil acts that took place - especially (but not only) the slow torture and execution of babies by means of Sarin gas - and as a means of deterring the regime from further acts of evil like this."

Meanwhile, Syrian clerics decried the attack, saying that an investigation should have been first conducted to prove who the perpetrators of the chemical attack were. Melkite Archbishop Jean-Clement Jeanbart of Aleppo told CNA he hoped the U.S. "would have done something toward peace and reconciliation and a political solution" in Syria.

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**Catholics call survival 'miraculous' after tornado hits church**

_CNA/EWTN News  • May 1, 2017_

Tornado damage at St. John the Evangelist church in Emory, Texas. (Ben Fisher, Catholic East Texas Magazine/Diocese of Tyler)

**Tyler, Texas** -- On Saturday night, parishioners of St. John the Evangelist church in Emory, Texas received the horrifying news that a tornado was heading in the direction of their church.

Immediately, the parishioners found the safest spot they could - the hallway in between their parish hall and the main church.

"About 30 seconds after we went into the hallway, it hit," said youth minister Monica Hughes, according to CNN. "Everybody dropped to the floor and protected one another."

The hallway was the refuge for about 45 parishioners, which included toddlers and students of St. John the Evangelist. Hughes and her husband fought against the strong wind to hold the hallway doors shut before the tornado hit - all while watching their church being torn apart by the storm.

"We could see the beams bending and the aluminum roof being ripped away," Hughes recalled.

Throughout the terrifying experience, Hughes said that "everyone was perfectly calm and felt like it was going to be OK." When the tornado seemed like it was over, they began to sing to keep the children calm and continued to pray for their safety.

The parishioners remained in the hallway for about two hours until EMS arrived, but they were removed from the location because of a gas leak and destroyed power lines.

"Both ends of the building were blown out," stated Peyton Low, the director of public affairs for the Diocese of Tyler, Texas.

"People are using the term 'miraculous' to describe what happened on Saturday night - the same night that at least three tornadoes killed four people in east Texas," Low said.

All of parishioners at the church were unharmed, although most of the church was destroyed.

Despite conditions, the parish gave thanks for their safety during the tornado, and celebrated Mass outside of the church on Sunday.

"By the grace of God and the protection of Our Lady, no one was injured," Low stated, saying "they gave thanks that the people inside survived."

Five deaths and 45 injuries have been confirmed across east Texas from the multiple tornadoes on Saturday night, and displacement centers have been set up at local churches in the area.

St. John's is a small parish of about 150 families in Rains County, just outside of Dallas. The parish damage estimates and relief effort updates will be posted to their website as more information is gathered.

"Please keep the parishioners of St. John and all affected by the storm in your prayers," the Diocese of Tyler said in a statement on its website.

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**Dozens of lawmakers press Trump for religious freedom protection**

_by Matt Hadro (CNA/EWTN News)  • May 1, 2017_

Donald Trump at the Republican National Convention in Cleveland, Ohio on July 18-21, 2016. (Addie Mena/CNA)

**Washington D.C.** -- More than 50 members of Congress have written President Donald Trump asking for a broad executive order that protects religious freedom.

"Freedom to follow one's conscience, faith and deeply held moral convictions is at the heart of our country's identity," said Rep. Randy Hultgren (R-Ill.), one of the letter's signatories.

House Republicans recently sent a letter to President Trump asking for an executive order that could protect the religious freedom of various entities, USA Today reported.

"We write to express our encouragement and support for prompt executive action ensuring religious liberty protections for all Americans and look forward to working with you on complementary legislation," the letter stated.

Religious freedom advocates have warned that, due to various mandates and rules issued during the Obama administration, religious institutions that uphold traditional marriage or do not cooperate with abortions and contraceptive use could soon face federal action if no executive order is issued to protect them.

A draft of such an executive order was leaked earlier this year, but was reportedly scuttled due to the efforts of Trump's daughter Ivanka and her husband Jared Kushner.

"Americans don't give up those freedoms when they open a family business or enter the workplace or provide health coverage for their employees," Hultgren stated. "The federal government has recently handed down more and more mandates on Americans - it's time to reverse this trend. Protecting individual liberty is crucial to ensuring a free society."

One example the lawmakers cited for where such an order could be effective was a repeal of the HHS birth control mandate, which caused hundreds of religious non-profits and other employers to sue the federal government claiming the mandate forced them to violate their consciences.

The Trump administration has not yet stopped defending the mandate in court, although White House advisor Leonard Leo told Axios recently that the administration was not planning to defend the mandate indefinitely, but was rather still considering the best "litigation proof" route for lifting the mandate's burden on religious employers.

Another reason for an executive order would be the protection of health care providers and crisis pregnancy centers from mandates that they perform abortions or cover them in employee health plans, the letter claimed.

"Despite clear federal statutes to the contrary, medical professionals have been forced by their employing hospitals to assist in abortions and state governments such as California have required religious organizations to cover abortion in their health plans," the members of Congress stated.

Currently, the Weldon Amendments bars federal funding of states that force employers to provide abortion coverage for employees. But after California ruled that health care plans - including those of churches and religious organizations - had to include coverage for elective abortions, the head of the Office of Civil Rights at the federal Department of Health and Human Services decided last summer that the state had not violated the Weldon Amendment.

An executive order, the Congressmen claim, could fix this violation of the freedoms of churches and religious employers.

Also at stake is the tax-exempt status of schools and other religious institutions which teach that marriage is one man and one woman, the letter claimed.

For this, the signatories cited President Obama's solicitor general Donald Verrilli, who said in 2015 oral arguments in the same-sex marriage case Obergefell v. Hodges, that the ability of these colleges to retain their tax-exempt status if same-sex marriage is the law of the land is "certainly going to be an issue."

The Trump administration, the members of Congress said, "need not and should not wait for Congress to act before ordering the federal government to stop discriminating against individuals and institutions because of their reasonable beliefs on issues of deep concern to people of faith and good will."

Another way an executive order could protect religious freedom would be to protect federal contractors, and dioceses and churches that provide military chaplains, from having to comply with mandates that they support same-sex marriage.

The Russell Amendment had upheld this freedom and was included in the 2017 National Defense Authorization Act that passed the House, but was removed by Senate Republicans so the bill could pass the Senate.

"Any Executive Order should make it clear that religious freedom entails more than the freedom to worship but also includes the ability to act on one's beliefs," the U.S. Bishops' Conference stated earlier this year on the need for an executive order.

"It should also protect individuals and families who run closely-held businesses in accordance with their faith to the greatest extent possible."

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**What Catholics like and dislike in the new spending bill**

_by Matt Hadro (CNA/EWTN News)  • May 2, 2017_

The U.S. Capitol building in Washington, D.C. (Orhan Cam via Shutterstock)

**Washington D.C.** -- A massive spending package to be voted on by Congress has drawn applause for continuing foreign aid spending, but also concern at its proposal to keep funding Planned Parenthood.

The pro-life group Susan B. Anthony List said the bill's funding of Planned Parenthood was "incredibly disappointing," and president Marjorie Dannenfelser insisted that it was "imperative" for the House to pass a "reconciliation bill that redirects the abortion giant's funding to community health centers."

The House has voted multiple times to strip Planned Parenthood of federal funding because it is the nation's largest performer of abortions, with more than 300,000 abortions per year according to its own reports. A measure defunding the organization for one year was included in the American Health Care Act, but that bill had failed to reach the House floor for a vote. A revised health care bill is now being considered by Congress.

On Sunday, an agreement was reached between the House and Senate on an Omnibus bill, a funding bill for the rest of the 2017 fiscal year that could be voted on this week.

Regarding foreign assistance, the Omnibus bill includes $990 million for international famine relief when famines are breaking out or are on the verge of occurring in four countries: Nigeria, South Sudan, Somalia, and Yemen.

In addition, the bill directs a $1 billion increase in funding of humanitarian aid programs "to assist in responding to the historic levels of refugees and displaced persons."

Catholic Relief Services, the international aid arm of the U.S. bishops' conference, praised this funding increase.

"These funds are a lifeline for over 20 million people at risk of starvation because of conflict and a prolonged drought," said Bill O'Keefe, vice president for government relations and advocacy.

"Members of Congress from both parties recognized that this small part of the budget has a huge impact, not only on those in need, but also on our nation's security. This generosity is America at its best."

The bill also maintains restrictions on international abortion funding through the Helms Amendment and bars funding of groups deemed to be supportive of forced abortions and sterilizations under the Kemp-Kasten Amendment, the House Appropriations Committee said.

Additionally, Hyde Amendment restrictions on funding of abortions in the U.S. are maintained in the bill, and programs promoting abstinence for teens receive a 50 percent increase in funding, the committee noted. The Hyde Amendment has been policy for over 40 years.

On immigration, the bill reportedly does not fund the building of a wall on the U.S.-Mexico border. "Sanctuary cities," or those cities which do not cooperate with federal demands on immigration enforcement, would not be defunded.

Funding for programs fighting the opioid epidemic in the U.S. would also increase by $150 million. In 2015, some 33,000 died from opioid abuse and the number of overdose deaths from heroin or opioids quadrupled between 1999 and 2015, as well as deaths from prescription opioids, according to the Centers for Disease Control.

However, President Trump has already proposed cuts to foreign aid, the Environmental Protection Agency, and increases in defense spending and immigration enforcement funding. When the president released his initial budget proposal in March, Catholic Relief Services came out against the proposed cuts to foreign aid.

The cuts would be detrimental to programs helping those in need at a time when the number of those displaced from their homes is at its highest recorded level, CRS said.

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**Trump 's executive order hailed as critical, but just a 'first step'**

_by Matt Hadro (CNA/EWTN News)  • May 4, 2017_

U.S. President Donald Trump flanked by religious leaders as he signs an executive order on religious freedom on May 4, 2017. (Mark Wilson/Getty Images)

**Washington, D.C.** -- Religious freedom advocates credited President Donald Trump with taking a "first step" toward protecting religious freedom with an executive order he signed on Thursday, but stressed that there is still more work to be done.

"I thought the executive order was a great step forward," Cardinal Donald Wuerl of Washington, D.C. told CNA. "[Trump] himself says this is the first step. But it's the beginning, and we've waited a long time for it."

President Donald Trump signed a religious freedom executive order on Thursday in the White House Rose Garden, on the National Day of Prayer, with religious leaders - including Cardinal Wuerl - standing around him.

The executive order instructs government agencies to consider issuing new regulations to address conscience-based objections to federal HHS mandate, which requires employers to offer health insurance plans that fund contraception, sterilizations and some drugs that can cause early abortions.

It also calls for a loosening of IRS enforcement of the Johnson Amendment, which prohibits religious ministers from making endorsements of political candidates from the pulpit to retain the tax-exempt status of churches.

Congressional action is required to formally repeal the law, but the executive order is an important move in ensuring that religious entities can weigh in on political issues without losing their tax-exempt status.

Attending the signing of the executive order were the Little Sisters of the Poor, plaintiffs in one of the HHS mandates case against the federal government. Trump honored two of the sisters who were present in the Rose Garden, calling them "incredible nuns who care for the sick, the elderly, and the forgotten."

"I want you to know that your long ordeal will soon be over," he told the sisters of their years-long HHS mandate case, and saying that his order would protect them and other religious organizations from the mandate.

"We are grateful for the president's order and look forward to the agencies giving us an exemption so that we can continue caring for the elderly poor and dying as if they were Christ himself without the fear of government punishment," said Mother Loraine, Mother Provincial of the Little Sisters of the Poor.

For years, the HHS mandate has been the subject of heated legal debates. It originated in the Affordable Care Act's rule that health plans include "preventive services," which was interpreted by President Obama's Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to include mandatory cost-free coverage for contraceptives, sterilizations, and abortion-causing drugs in health plans.

After a wave of criticism, the government offered an "accommodation" to religious non-profits who conscientiously objected to complying with the mandate - they would have to notify the government of their objection, and the government would directly order their insurer to provide the coverage in question.

However, dozens of religious charities, schools, and dioceses still sued, saying that even with the "accommodation," they would still be required to cooperate with - and possibly even to pay for, indirectly - the objectionable coverage. EWTN is among the organizations that have filed lawsuits. CNA is part of the EWTN family.

The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty, which has defended a number of the groups suing the government over the HHS mandate, explained that the order will empower federal agencies to ensure protections for religious organizations in mandate cases.

"The agencies have everything they need to review these rules and make sure groups like the Little Sisters are protected," Lori Windham, senior counsel with the Becket Fund, told reporters.

"We will engage with the Administration to ensure that adequate relief is provided to those with deeply held religious beliefs about some of the drugs, devices, and surgical procedures that HHS has sought to require people of faith to facilitate over the last several years," Cardinal Daniel DiNardo of Houston-Galveston, president of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops, stated on Thursday.

"We welcome a decision to provide a broad religious exemption to the HHS mandate, but will have to review the details of any regulatory proposals," he added.

The new order also declared that "It shall be the policy of the executive branch to vigorously enforce Federal law's robust protections for religious freedom" and instructed the Attorney General to "issue guidance interpreting religious liberty protections in Federal law."

Still, many religious freedom advocates felt that the order did not go far enough. For example, it does not offer protections for health care workers and facilities that decline to perform abortions, or adoption agencies that place children only in homes with both a mother and a father.

"Today's executive order is woefully inadequate," Ryan T. Anderson of the Heritage Foundation stated in The Daily Signal, saying it "does not address the major threats to religious liberty in the United States today."

It is narrower than the previous draft of a religious freedom executive order that had earlier been leaked to The Nation, but was ultimately scrapped in February. That draft had outlined religious freedom exemptions for not only religious organizations, but also closely-held for-profit businesses in many different areas, like education, health care, and employment.

Religious freedom advocates - including over 50 members of Congress, in an April 5 letter to President Trump - had hoped for broader religious protections in a new executive order.

Cardinal DiNardo noted that "in areas as diverse as adoption, education, healthcare, and other social services, widely held moral and religious beliefs, especially regarding the protection of human life as well as preserving marriage and family, have been maligned in recent years as bigotry or hostility - and penalized accordingly."

"We will continue to advocate for permanent relief from Congress on issues of critical importance to people of faith," he added.

Brian Burch, president of CatholicVote.org, told CNA that the order was "an important first step" toward protecting religious freedom, but more must be done.

"The substance of the order is certainly a win for groups like EWTN, Notre Dame, the Little Sisters of the Poor, but it is not everything that we hoped for," he told CNA. "And therefore I describe it as a work in progress, in terms of the fight for religious liberty. We didn't get into this mess in one fell swoop, and we're not going to get out of it in one clean solution."

He stressed the need for "protections for faith-based groups on the issue of marriage, on gender, the right of the Catholic Church to carry out its social services when they receive federal grants."

Burch also pushed for legislative action, like the First Amendment Defense Act and the Conscience Protection Act.

The administration also needs to be staffed with the right people in federal agencies who will be friendly to religious freedom, Professor Robert Destro of Catholic University's Columbus School of Law told CNA.

"Personnel is policy," he said, and Trump still needs to make hundreds of hires in these regulatory agencies that interpret existing law, including the agencies that will be dealing with HHS mandate protections for religious organizations.

Trump signed the executive order on the National Day of Prayer, and after he met with Cardinal Wuerl and Cardinal DiNardo.

"We had an opportunity to thank him first of all, for this executive order on religious liberty which is so important," Cardinal Wuerl said of the meeting.

He also hoped the conversation was a starting point for further dialogue on many other topics. "One of the things that we need, I think, just to continue to talk about, the whole range of human value issues," Cardinal Wuerl said. "He is certainly supportive of the life issues, supportive of religious liberty. And so we have to continue now to talk about other areas where we might find a place to work together."

The White House also announced Thursday that Trump would be traveling to Saudi Arabia, Israel, and the Vatican. Cardinal Wuerl said that the president "was also very, very, I thought, focused on this trip he's going to take that will include a visit to the Vatican. So it was a very good meeting."

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**Movie review: 'The Circle'**

_by Carl Kozlowski  • April 29, 2017_

We live in a self-obsessed, media-driven age, one in which many people seem to constantly take selfie images of themselves and post them all over the internet in a bid for attention from friends, family, colleagues, and - let's face it - just about anyone who cares to look. But how far will this behavior go in the years to come, and will the masses ever stop to think about how much privacy they're giving up to Web-based companies like Facebook and Instagram while mindlessly pursuing attention?

The new movie "The Circle" explores these questions, and one might hope that given its stars are Tom Hanks and "Beauty and the Beast" favorite Emma Watson, it would make for a compelling and thrilling ride. But unfortunately, its often lazy pace and muddled message limits its effectiveness and might even bore some viewers into checking their text messages and social-media accounts while watching the film.

The movie stars Watson as Mae, a seemingly average young woman stuck in a dead-end temping job at a water company, calling people to get them to pay their bills, when a friend calls to tell her she has a job interview at The Circle, a Facebook-style company in San Francisco. Excited for the opportunity, she passes an interview filled with strange questions designed to test character and provide insights into her thought process.

While the job seems like another pointless customer-service phone position, Mae is impressed by the numerous perks offered to its employees, including free food, all sorts of exercise programs and games, and other expensive amenities. Her parents, who are poor and dealing with her father's worsening multiple sclerosis, are proud of Mae but as she is drawn ever further into the company's insular, all-consuming culture, they start to worry.

The company's cult-like atmosphere is pushed by its founder, a man named Eamon Bailey played by Tom Hanks, and his main associate Stenton, played by Patton Oswalt. Bailey is a Steve Jobs-like figure who spends most of his onscreen time making grand speeches to his giant staff about his new tiny cameras that can be placed anywhere to provide imagery of just about everything imaginable.

Eamon claims that his intentions are pure, to just provide people with an extended window on the world that can even be used for good, including the ability to track down previously unfindable criminals anywhere in the world within minutes. When a senator tries to investigate the company over privacy issues, the senator is suddenly caught in a scandal which negates the investigation, and another senator comes forward to say they will be willing to have every single conversation and email they engage in be seen by the public in real time - with the idea that transparency is the key to a good democracy.

Mae is soon caught up in this mindset, particularly when the company doctor tricks her into swallowing a sensor that will track all of her biological measures including her heart rate on a constant basis. When she's briefly concerned about this, the company quickly offers to care for her parents, who are going broke due to her father's multiple sclerosis.

Blinded by this seeming generosity, Mae volunteers to be the first regular citizen in the world to allow herself to be filmed at all times, with only three-minute bathroom breaks going unseen. But as millions trace her every move, she is warned by a key disillusioned member of the company (John Boyega) and a former boyfriend (Ellar Coltrane) that there are nefarious motives and consequences to the company's plans, and Mae suddenly has serious decisions to make.

This may sound intriguing on paper, and "The Circle" raises some important questions about how far companies should be allowed to extend their influence on society and about how far people are willing to let their privacy be encroached upon in our over-saturated media age. But director James Ponsoldt's pacing is strangely flat throughout, limiting the amount of thrills that one might expect from the concept, and Mae has too many contradictions - one moment, she's skeptical about the cameras, the next she's a self-obsessed media star, another moment she feels that the technology is noble and then evil again, with an ending that makes no sense in relation to the rest of the movie.

The film rests on Emma Watson's shoulders, but her character's contradictions make her so annoying to deal with that Watson can't make her someone to root for for long. Hanks is mostly seen delivering his onstage speeches, with a couple of brief scenes in his office that are meant to be subtly sinister but never really generate much spark.

Overall, "The Circle" winds up taking the position that while it might be good to question technology once in a while, tech advances can't be stopped and so everyone might as well give in. It's a lazy and disappointing conclusion, and since it's so contradictory to the direction most of the movie is heading towards, it's also one that impacts the quality of the movie overall.

"The Circle" is rated PG-13, but has very limited foul language with one F word and about seven S words, an extremely brief and unclear sex scene with Mae's married parents caught on a camera by surprise, and violence limited to a truck chase that ends tragically. It's fine for older teens and adults, even if they'll likely be less than impressed.

_Carl Kozlowski has been a professional film critic and essayist for the past five years at Pasadena Weekly, in addition to the Christian movie site Movieguide.org, the conservative pop culture site Breitbart.com 's Big Hollywood, the Christian pop culture magazine Relevant, and New City newspaper in Chicago. He also writes in-depth celebrity interviews for Esquire.com and The Progressive. He is owner of the podcasting site radiotitans.com, which was named one of the Frontier Fifty in 2013 as one of the 50 best talk-radio outlets in the nation by talkers.com and will be re-launching it in January 2014 after a five-month sabbatical. He lives in Los Angeles._

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**Mexican beauty queen makes 'radical' move to religious life**

_CNA/EWTN News  • April 30, 2017_

Esmeralda Solis Gonzales, before and after joining the Poor Clare Missionaries of the Blessed Sacrament. (Esmeralda Gutierrez)

**Mexico City, Mexico** -- Esmeralda Solis Gonzales is a young Mexican woman who was crowned last year as a beauty queen in her native town - and now she's joined the Poor Clare Missionaries of the Blessed Sacrament.

Twenty-year old Gonzales has watched her story go viral over the last week on social media over a post on the Miss Mexico Facebook page.

Esmaralda was born April 12, 1997 in Valle de Guadalupe, Jalisco State, to a Catholic family. She currently resides at the convent of the Poor Clare Missionaries of the Blessed Sacrament of Cuernavaca in Morelos State, after leaving her career as a nutritionist.

"You really don't know what religious life is until you're within it. So far I have been able to see from another perspective what the world is and what it offers you," Esmeralda told CNA.

"I was very happy with everything I had, but it does not compare with the happiness that God now places in my heart."

The young postulant met the Poor Clare Missionaries some five years ago at 14, when her concern for a religious vocation "was awakening" through "vocational days, missions and camps."

In addition, she pointed out how it was hardly a month after this process of discernment concluded when on March 2017 she gave her first yes to her vocation on the Feast of the Annunciation.

"God's timing is perfect. During this time (of discernment) he allowed me to have some experiences such as being a beauty queen, and other experiences, which forever left their mark and which allowed me to learn a lot for what was to come later."

The discovery of the vocation to which she had been called was always present in her life like a "little thorn," Esmeralda said.

"I realized that I had to make room in my life to know what it was that God had planned for me. In the process of discerning my vocation there was also fear and doubts, but the love that Our Lord was showing every day made me overcome any feeling of discouragement," she said.

Esmeralda said she had discovered that God was calling her "to serve him in a radical way," that is, changing her "life to embrace the cross of Christ and live it more closely."

"I have been in religious life very little time, but I truly have been very happy," she said.

In order to discover her vocation, Esmeralda spent a lot of time in prayer and charity, "knowing from the outside or from the world" what this change would involve.

"Change is hard for the family because it involves detachment, but I have always had the support of my parents, siblings and true friends. Even though I could have developed myself in some other setting, I feel that if the Lord needs me then I can bear fruit in a different way," she told CNA.

Esmeralda had a few words for young people and said that in any vocation they will find difficulties, "but if you go and take God's hand, you'll always be able to take the next step."

"In religious life every new day is a new beginning and a new opportunity to extend the kingdom of God. This involves making a lot of sacrifices but they are always rewarded with happiness," she said.

The young novice also said that it is true that "the reality and the supposed happiness that the world sells is very attractive" but "it is necessary to fix your eyes on what lasts."

"You mustn't be afraid. If God is calling you, he'll take care of everything. All you need to do is receive him with a lot of peace, joy and confidence. I believe fear is a big excuse that is responsible for truncating the true happiness that only God can offer," she said.

The Poor Clare Missionaries of the Blessed Sacrament are a Religious Institute of Pontifical Right founded by Blessed Maria Ines Teresa Arias in 1945 in Cuernavaca, Mexico.

The spirit of the Institute is Eucharistic, Marian, priestly, missionary, and is centered on Jesus in the Blessed Sacrament.

The missionaries work in clinics, youth groups, preschools and schools, university dorms, centers for the spiritual exercises, missions, among others. They are present in Mexico, Costa Rica, Argentina, the United States, Spain, Italy, Ireland, Russia, Japan, Korea, Indonesia, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Vietnam and India.

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**Jim Caviezel takes on wide slate of topics in fascinating new interview**

_by Lukasz Adamski (CNA/EWTN News)  • April 30, 2017_

Jim Caviezel. (Genevieve via Flickr CC BY 2.0)

**Warsaw, Poland** -- Actor Jim Caviezel has starred in Hollywood hits from "The Count of Monte Cristo" to "The Thin Red Line." But he is best known for playing Jesus in Mel Gibson's "The Passion of the Christ," an experience that he says affected him very deeply and spiritually. In a new interview, Caviezel talks about the importance of his Catholic faith, the lasting impact that "The Passion" has had on his life, and his special devotion to the Virgin Mary.

The following interview was carried out by Polish journalist and film critic Lukasz Adamski, and published at wpolityce.pl. Reprinted here with permission, edited for clarity:

**Lukasz Adamski:** You became the narrator of a documentary about Karol Wojtyla called "Liberating the Continent: John Paul II and the Fall of Communism." While in Poland at the invitation of the Knights of Columbus, you have visited the area where he lived and worked. Who is Karol Wojtyla to you in a personal, and not only geopolitical sense?

**Jim Caviezel:** During my visit to Poland, I came to understand that he was carrying problems of the entire world on his shoulders ... And there is a more personal side to it. Playing Jesus himself, I faced a lot of criticism and often derision. I had to get on with it somehow. There wouldn't be Jim Caviezel as Jesus if it wasn't for John Paul II. Looking at his life and the power of his evangelization, I said to myself: Why would you even care about that nonsense (of the critics)?

As a young person, I read a lot about Nazism and the genocide carried out by Germans on Polish territory. My knowledge was limited to books, but during my stay in Poland I realized how much Wojtyla must have suffered by being directly exposed to Nazism. I've been to Auschwitz where Maximillian Kolbe gave his life as a martyr for a fellow prisoner. It made me realize the scale of suffering of the Polish people. And then the Communism that followed meant that John Paul II had lived under two of the most monstrous regimes. As an American, I lived peacefully worrying about the Cold War at most. I did not experience totalitarian regimes. John Paul II had to live under two of them, just like your entire country. He represents all of Poland.

**Lukasz Adamski:** In a spiritual sense?

**Jim Caviezel:** Poland, just like Christ, had been crucified. The Virgin Mary is the mother of Poland. Before he died, Wojtyla's father told him that Mary is now also his mother. It is a great symbol of your nation.

**Lukasz Adamski:** Did the Pope's teaching have an influence on you as well?

**Jim Caviezel:** In the '80s when I was a teenager, John Paul II came to the USA. He was 90 minutes away from where I lived, and my family went to see him and listen to him. For many Catholics his visit was almost like a visit of Jesus Christ himself ... I didn't go to see him. I didn't think it was important. The lightning strike came years later.

**Lukasz Adamski:** We will talk about the lightning strike later. You didn't go to see the Pope but years later you caught up for it. You met John Paul II during an audience after playing Jesus in "The Passion of the Christ." After watching the film he said "It is as it was." How did you receive the praise coming from the Pope?

**Jim Caviezel:** The Pope always called young people to break away from contaminated and demoralized civilization. "Be saints," he said. Impossible? No, it is possible. I often hear the voice of Christ in my heart: "Jim, you will manage today." It is a message saying that everyone in the world is equally important. It is also an appeal for a Christian life. A life in which one demonstrates to everyone they come across that Jesus is their Lord. I remember the Pope saying to Americans: "You can all be saints!" It makes me sad that so many people in my country do not seek sainthood. They substitute it with drugs and hedonism. It is simply filling the emotional void.

**Lukasz Adamski:** What did you tell the Pope during your audience at the Vatican?

**Jim Caviezel:** I told him how much his letter to artists influenced me. It was aimed at those who look for beauty and give it to the world in the form of art. I try my best to carry out his instructions.

**Lukasz Adamski:** John Paul II was an actor, just like you. Therefore, he knew the power of art better than any of his predecessors.

**Jim Caviezel:** Exactly. This is where his power came from. He understood people, and it helped him to win over the hearts of millions. He is simply a saint.

**Lukasz Adamski:** You were 33 years old, your initials were J.C. and you played Jesus.

**Jim Caviezel:** Don't you tell me it was a coincidence! There are no coincidences. I keep hearing about "accidents" and "strokes of luck." Secularization affects the entire world, including the USA. Only atheists believe in coincidence. There are no coincidences for God. Even when God resurrects the dead, they will say it happened by accident.

**Lukasz Adamski:** When one doesn't believe in God, one believes in anything. G.K. Chesterton claimed that.

**Jim Caviezel:** At the same time, one doesn't have the right to do what they like and decide about everything. Live without morality? Without goodness? Where is love in all of this?

**Lukasz Adamski:** Maybe that is the reason why they killed God, like Nietzsche. When there is no God, they can do what they want.

**Jim Caviezel:** We can see that in America every day.

**Lukasz Adamski:** It's even more visible in Europe. The founding fathers of America could not imagine it without God. The French Revolution started with killing the priests and spitting on Jesus. But let's go back to Hollywood and your work. Mel Gibson warned you, when you took the role in his film, "You will not work here (in Hollywood) anymore." To what extent was he right?

**Jim Caviezel:** All of the sudden I stopped being one of five most popular actors in the studio, and I hadn't done anything wrong. I just played Jesus. Was I personally affected by this rejection? Well, everyone has their cross to bear. The world changes ... but I will not be in this world forever. Neither will the producers from Hollywood. At some point, everyone will have to answer for what they have done.

**Lukasz Adamski:** Where do you think this reaction comes from? Are people afraid of such films? Of evocative pictures of Jesus on the screen? People really loved it. Over half a billion dollars global earnings is a great success for a movie. There are even reports on conversions after watching the film!

**Jim Caviezel:** It isn't me who should answer this question. They should, shouldn't they? I just did my job. The film has inspired millions of viewers. Let the producers answer whether they are afraid of this success. My career is not over. After all, I starred in some prominent, Hollywood films. I also played in a popular TV series called "Person of Interest."

At the same time, I've never forgotten that the name of Jesus is above all else. It is also the most controversial name of all times. Love is controversial and he is love incarnate. Jesus was telling the Romans about love and they killed him because of that. "Who is that man to tell me what kind of person I'm supposed to be?" they asked arrogantly. He was betrayed by his own people and abandoned by everyone. My duty was not only to show it all on the screen. My real duty is to live in accordance with the Gospel every day and to give witness to the truth. And it all comes down to John Paul II again: "Totus Tuus" - "Totally Yours." If you want to know how he inspires me, this is it. Totally Yours.

**Lukasz Adamski:** Devotion to the Virgin Mary.

**Jim Caviezel:** This is the essence of my faith. My relationship with Jesus is thanks to her. She brought Jesus to us. My evangelical friend asked me once why I don't reach out to Jesus directly. ... I think it's a valuable question. Back then, I didn't know how to respond to him. However, looking at John Paul II, I found the answer. That's why Poland like no other country is tied closely to Jesus. You bond East and West together. The Devil hates it, although he has already lost. Jesus and Mary have already crushed him. A single Polish man crushed Communism. How did John Paul II achieved this? With love.

**Lukasz Adamski:** In my opinion, we weren't stuck behind the iron curtain for no reason. Maybe it was the plan of God that we don't understand yet. Poland was not so affected by the events of 1968, unlike the USA and the West. We didn't adopt moral relativism, nihilism and hedonism. Therefore, the counterrevolution and evangelization of the Western World may actually start in Poland.

**Jim Caviezel:** An atheist would say it's a coincidence! But you're right, it's the plan of God. My country was blessed, it was said to be like heaven. In spite of that, people are losing faith. They abandon Jesus. (In the story of Moses), 40 days in the desert happened for a reason. For me, the Catholic Mass is the source of constant empowerment. That's where I can meet Jesus. And it's not simply about having the symbolic wafer. It's about an actual transformation. Bread and wine? No, it's the body and blood of the Christ. This is worth dying for. Every day I pray to die with Jesus in my heart, not to ever abandon him.

**Lukasz Adamski:** Now I would like to talk about the lightning that quite literally struck you during the filming of "The Passion of the Christ." Was is the crucifixion scene?

**Jim Caviezel:** It wasn't the crucifixion. We filmed in Rome. It was the scene of the Sermon on the Mount. I climbed the mountain, clouds had formed, and five seconds before the stroke I had felt what was going to happen. It was windy, but I couldn't hear the wind blowing. Suddenly, I was struck by the lightning. I was terrified, but at the same time I felt peace on the inside. Before it all happened, Mel had shouted "action" and the cameras were directed at me. It was the moment I was struck. Afterwards I heard Mel shouting: "What the hell happened to his hair?" It was funny. People think I'm gloomy and serious. That's not true. A Polish nun came up to me today and asked: "Why aren't you smiling?" I told her that I was smiling with my eyes but the signal hadn't reached the rest of the face yet.

**Lukasz Adamski:** This is the first time I've seen you smile! I'll note that in the interview. You are one of the very few devoted Catholics in Hollywood. Is it tough?

**Jim Caviezel:** People in Hollywood keep asking me why I can't separate my acting career from being a Catholic. Actually my faith helps me. When I played basketball it motivated me. It's the same now. I'm aware of the fact that I'm lazy, but that's the reason I work so hard to overcome my weakness. My faith helps me to make the right choices, even though many people who inspired me didn't have faith. Mel Gibson struggles with his faith too. But he invested his own money into making "The Passion of the Christ."

**Lukasz Adamski:** In 1998, you played in the flamboyant Terrence Malick's masterpiece "The Thin Red Line." In my opinion, he is one of the biggest metaphysicians of contemporary cinematography. Before "The Passion of the Christ" did your faith and career align?

**Jim Caviezel:** Malick is a genius. He's very spiritual himself and he makes beautiful, poetic and metaphysical films carrying a universal message. Therefore, he can reach further. In my opinion, if John Paul II was a director, he would be just like Malik. He penetrates the very recesses of the soul and leave the viewers with questions which can lead them to God. So many people nowadays are so prejudiced against Christianity that they wouldn't watch Malick's films if they were so straight forward and labelled as "Christian movies." Mel Gibson saw me in his film and even though he wanted the cast of "The Passion of the Christ" to be entirely from outside of the U.S., he decided that guy, Jim Caviezel, may be suitable for the role of Jesus. Malick and Gibson are very much alike. They both can interest viewers who are so far away from religion.

**Lukasz Adamski:** Gibson has returned after 10 years of exile from Hollywood with his magnificent Christian film "Hacksaw Ridge." Will a sequel to "The Passion of the Christ" come next?

**Jim Caviezel:** I've played various roles in my career. I once played a serial killer and I had to look into his soul. I had to ask myself whether I would be able to kill another person. I've played soldiers and athletes. I was also in the screen adaptation of "The Count of Monte Cristo." Lately, I starred in a western film inspired by John Ford's classics. But the role of Jesus was the most difficult endeavor I've ever taken up. There is nothing more glorious and at the same time more humbling than this role. Nothing could teach me humility better.

The thought of doing it again feels like a nightmare. However, when I come to a country like Poland and see the places of martyrdom and sacrifice, I come to realize that only love can save the world. The love of the Christ. Therefore, I want to work with Gibson again. This time it will be a film about the resurrection. If "The Passion of the Christ" inspired so many people to do good, why don't we try again? I feel like there is a purpose in my life again. That's why I've played in a TV series about a man looking for a purpose for the last five years. I don't do it just for the money. I do it for the love. It's my Christian mission.

**Lukasz Adamski:** To inspire others?

**Jim Caviezel:** Isn't that what John Paul II did? He inspired people. He was telling them about the truth and love, but not in a banal way ... When I played Jesus, I prayed a lot. I asked God to show me how I could present Jesus in the most accurate way. How to make the viewers feel closer to him. How to inspire them. It has been my inner journey which hasn't finished yet. While working on "The Passion of the Christ," Mel reserved the right to stop filming anytime. He needed to be 100 percent ready in a spiritual sense. This story could only be told with absolute involvement. Totus Tuus. I wouldn't have managed to finish this project either if it wasn't for the Virgin Mary. I'm absolutely devoted to her, just like Poland is.

**Lukasz Adamski:** You give witness of your faith in every aspect of your life. You adopted three children with cancer. You're also against abortion.

**Jim Caviezel:** The children (that we adopted) were abandoned and unwanted. Two of them had brain cancer. The third one had sarcoma. My wife said it doesn't matter whether children are wanted or not. They are people, just like we are.

**Lukasz Adamski:** That's another lesson of John Paul II about the civilization of death.

**Jim Caviezel:** I would never have done it (the adoptions) without my wife. She impersonates beauty and kindness. She prays for me not to leave the right path. Jesus said that whatever we do the least of us, we do to him. He wants to be in us, in all the simplest actions.

**Lukasz Adamski:** I've just remembered that long ago, you rejected a role in "X-Men." If you had taken it back then, you would probably be in "The Avengers" today and be adored by teenagers. Instead, a few years, later you played the biggest superhero of humanity - Jesus Christ.

**Jim Caviezel:** Do you think that was a coincidence too? The most beautiful aspect of "The Passion of the Christ" is that everyone is focused while watching this film - conservatives and liberals, atheists and religious people. They watch it in silence and hear: "Ehjeh aszer Ehjeh" - "I am who I am."

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**Pride, humility, and social media**

_by Bishop Robert Barron  • May 2, 2017_

On a recent trip to Sacramento, from my home base in the LA area, I flew Southwest Airlines. In an idle moment, I reached for the magazine in the seatback pocket and commenced to leaf through it. I came across an article by a woman named Sarah Menkedick entitled "Unfiltered: How Motherhood Interrupted My Relationship with Social Media." The piece was not only wittily and engagingly written; it also spoke to some pretty profound truths about our cultural situation today and the generation that has come of age under the influence of the Internet.

She argues that to have swum in the sea of Instagram, Facebook, Pinterest, and YouTube from the time that one was a child was to live one's life perpetually in front of an audience. Most millennials never simply had experiences; they were conditioned to record, preserve, and present those experiences to a following who were invited to like what they saw, to comment on it, to respond to it. To be sure, she acknowledges, the social media, at their best, are powerful means of communication and connection, but at their worst, they produce this odd distantiation from life and a preoccupation with the self. Here is how Menkendick puts it: "I've come of age as a writer at a time when it is no longer enough just to write. A writer must also promote her work and in the process promote herself as a person of interest ... I learned the snarky, casually intellectual voice of feminist and pop culture bloggers, the easy outrage, the clubby camaraderie."

But then something extraordinary happened to the author: she became a mother. On the front porch of her home, nursing her baby, she discovered that she had a visceral aversion to snark and absolutely no desire to share her experience with an audience or curry favor from it. She didn't want to cultivate any ironic distance from motherhood; rather, she wanted to believe in it with all her heart, to let it wash over her. "Before I had a child, I took it for granted that no intellectual writer-type could ever be taken seriously were she to cave into conventional sentiment. As a mother, I was swept away by these huge, ancient, universal emotions I'd previously dismissed as uncomplicated." Her baby, in a word, broke through the carapace of her self-regard and let in some real light. Again, granting all that is truly good about social media (which I use massively in my own ministry), they can easily produce the conviction that we are the stars of our own little dramas, always playing for an eager audience. Authentic spirituality always gives rise to the opposite conviction: _your life is not about you._

To grasp this distinction more completely, let me propose two scenarios to you. In the first, you are engaged in conversation with someone that you desperately want (or need) to impress, say, a prospective employer or a popular figure whose friendship you crave. In this context, you are indeed speaking, listening, laughing, looking pensive, etc., but more importantly, you are watching yourself perform these moves, and you are exquisitely attentive to the reaction of your interlocutor. Is she laughing at your jokes? Does she look bored? Did your witticism land effectively in her consciousness? The point is that you are not really experiencing reality directly, but rather through a sort of veil. It is as though you are looking at a beautiful landscape, but through a foggy window. Now a second scenario: you are in lively conversation with a friend, and there is no ulterior motive, no egotistic preoccupation. You become quickly lost in the discussion, following the argument where it leads, laughing when you are truly amused, watching your partner, but not in order to see how she's reacting to you, but just because she's interesting. In this case, you are immersed in reality; you are looking at the landscape through a clear pane of glass, taking in its colors and textures in all of their vividness.

Now, to use the language of the classical moral and spiritual tradition, the first situation I described is marked, through and through, by pride, and the second by humility. Don't think of pride, first and foremost, as self-exaltation, which is, in fact, but a face or consequence of pride. In its most proper nature, pride is seeing the world through the distorting lens of the ego and its needs. On the other hand, humility, from the Latin _humus_ (earth), is getting in touch with reality directly, being close to the ground, seeing things as they are. This is why Thomas Aquinas famously says " _humilitas est veritas_ " (humility is truth). What makes the first scenario so painful and cringe-worthy is that it is out of step with the truth of things. What makes the second scenario so exhilarating, so fun, is that it is full of reality.

What Sarah Menkedick intuited was the manner in which the social media environment can be a breeding ground for the unique type of spiritual distortion and dislocation that we traditionally call pride. What made all the difference for her was the arrival of her baby, in all of his densely-textured _reality_ -- a reality that she could appropriate only through humility.

_Bishop Robert Barron is an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles and the founder of Word on Fire Catholic Ministries (wordonfire.org). He is the creator of two award-winning documentary series, Catholicism and Catholicism: The New Evangelization._

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**St. Padre Pio 's relics are touring the U.S.**

_CNA/EWTN News  • May 2, 2017_

St. Padre Pio. (Patterned via Flickr CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)

**Washington D.C.** -- Relics of St. Padre Pio will soon be touring the United States, with stops at a number of dioceses during a two-part tour later this year.

The relics will be on display for veneration between Masses at cathedrals across America from May 6-21 and again From September 16 - October 1 this year.

The tour is taking place to commemorate the 130th anniversary of Padre Pio's birth, and the 15th anniversary of his canonization. It is being sponsored by the Saint Pio Foundation, which works to promote awareness of the saintly priest and continue his work. The foundation raises funds for American Catholic healthcare as well as educational, social, religious, and cultural organizations.

Padre Pio was born Francesco Forgione in Pietrelcina, Italy on May 25, 1887.

He voiced a desire for the priesthood at age 10 and entered the Capuchin order at age 15, taking the name Pio. At the age of 23, he was ordained a priest.

The saint was widely known during his lifetime as a mystic. He dedicated much of his priesthood to hearing confessions. People would travel from around the world to have their confessions heard by Padre Pio, as he had the gift of being able to read souls.

He also received the stigmata, or the wounds of Christ, and was known for being able to heal people. He was reported to bi-locate, or appear in two locations at once.

Padre Pio died Sept. 23, 1968 and was canonized by Pope John Paul II in 2002.

The schedule for the relic tour is below:

• May 6-8 at Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in the Archdiocese of Philadelphia.

• May 9 at Saint Paul Cathedral in the Diocese of Pittsburgh.

• May 10-11 at Cathedral Basilica of the Immaculate Conception in the Archdiocese of Denver.

• May 13 at Cathedral of the Risen Christ in the Diocese of Lincoln.

• May 18-19 at St. Andrew Catholic Church in the Archdiocese of Los Angeles.

• May 20-21 at Saint Ann Catholic Church in the Diocese of Arlington.

• September 17-18 at St. Patrick Cathedral in the Archdiocese of New York.

• September 20 at Cathedral St. Joseph the Workman in the Diocese of La Crosse.

• September 20 at Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist in the Archdiocese of Milwaukee.

• September 22-23 at Basilica of St. John the Baptism in the Diocese of Bridgeport.

• September 24 at St. Theresa Catholic Church in the Diocese of Bridgeport.

• September 29 at Cathedral of Mary of the Assumption in the Diocese of Saginaw.

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**SUNDAY  • MAY 7, 2017**

**Fourth Sunday of Easter**

**First Reading** (Acts 2:14a, 36-41; NRSVCE)

Peter, standing with the eleven, raised his voice and addressed the crowd,

"Let the entire house of Israel know with certainty that God has made him both Lord and Messiah, this Jesus whom you crucified."

Now when they heard this, they were cut to the heart and said to Peter and to the other apostles, "Brothers, what should we do?" Peter said to them, "Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ so that your sins may be forgiven; and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. For the promise is for you, for your children, and for all who are far away, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to him." And he testified with many other arguments and exhorted them, saying, "Save yourselves from this corrupt generation." So those who welcomed his message were baptized, and that day about three thousand persons were added.

**Responsorial Psalm** (Ps 23: 1-3a, 3b4, 5, 6; NRSVCE)

**R:** (1) The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want.

The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want.

He makes me lie down in green pastures;

he leads me beside still waters;

he restores my soul.

**R:** The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want.

He leads me in right paths

for his name's sake.

Even though I walk through the darkest valley,

I fear no evil;

for you are with me;

your rod and your staff --

they comfort me.

**R:** The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want.

You prepare a table before me

in the presence of my enemies;

you anoint my head with oil;

my cup overflows.

**R:** The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want.

Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me

all the days of my life,

and I shall dwell in the house of the Lord

my whole life long.

**R:** The Lord is my shepherd, I shall not want.

**Second Reading** (1 Pt 2:20b-25; NRSVCE)

If you endure when you do right and suffer for it, you have God's approval. For to this you have been called, because Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example, so that you should follow in his steps.

"He committed no sin,

and no deceit was found in his mouth."

When he was abused, he did not return abuse; when he suffered, he did not threaten; but he entrusted himself to the one who judges justly. He himself bore our sins in his body on the cross, so that, free from sins, we might live for righteousness; by his wounds you have been healed. For you were going astray like sheep, but now you have returned to the shepherd and guardian of your souls.

**Gospel Reading** (Jn 10:1-10; NRSVCE)

Jesus said, "Very truly, I tell you, anyone who does not enter the sheepfold by the gate but climbs in by another way is a thief and a bandit. The one who enters by the gate is the shepherd of the sheep. The gatekeeper opens the gate for him, and the sheep hear his voice. He calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. When he has brought out all his own, he goes ahead of them, and the sheep follow him because they know his voice. They will not follow a stranger, but they will run from him because they do not know the voice of strangers." Jesus used this figure of speech with them, but they did not understand what he was saying to them.

So again Jesus said to them, "Very truly, I tell you, I am the gate for the sheep. All who came before me are thieves and bandits; but the sheep did not listen to them. I am the gate. Whoever enters by me will be saved, and will come in and go out and find pasture. The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy. I came that they may have life, and have it abundantly."
**MONDAY  • MAY 8, 2017**

**Monday of the Fourth Week of Easter**

**First Reading** (Acts 11:1-18; NRSVCE)

The apostles and the believers who were in Judea heard that the Gentiles had also accepted the word of God. So when Peter went up to Jerusalem, the circumcised believers criticized him, saying, "Why did you go to uncircumcised men and eat with them?" Then Peter began to explain it to them, step by step, saying, "I was in the city of Joppa praying, and in a trance I saw a vision. There was something like a large sheet coming down from heaven, being lowered by its four corners; and it came close to me. As I looked at it closely I saw four-footed animals, beasts of prey, reptiles, and birds of the air. I also heard a voice saying to me, 'Get up, Peter; kill and eat.' But I replied, 'By no means, Lord; for nothing profane or unclean has ever entered my mouth.' But a second time the voice answered from heaven, 'What God has made clean, you must not call profane.' This happened three times; then everything was pulled up again to heaven. At that very moment three men, sent to me from Caesarea, arrived at the house where we were. The Spirit told me to go with them and not to make a distinction between them and us. These six brothers also accompanied me, and we entered the man's house. He told us how he had seen the angel standing in his house and saying, 'Send to Joppa and bring Simon, who is called Peter; he will give you a message by which you and your entire household will be saved.' And as I began to speak, the Holy Spirit fell upon them just as it had upon us at the beginning. And I remembered the word of the Lord, how he had said, 'John baptized with water, but you will be baptized with the Holy Spirit.' If then God gave them the same gift that he gave us when we believed in the Lord Jesus Christ, who was I that I could hinder God?" When they heard this, they were silenced. And they praised God, saying, "Then God has given even to the Gentiles the repentance that leads to life."

**Responsorial Psalm** (Ps 42:2-3; 43:3, 4; NRSVCE)

**R:** (see 3a) My soul thirsts for the living God.

As a deer longs for flowing streams,

so my soul longs for you, O God.

My soul thirsts for God,

for the living God.

When shall I come and behold

the face of God?

**R:** My soul thirsts for the living God.

O send out your light and your truth;

let them lead me;

let them bring me to your holy hill

and to your dwelling.

**R:** My soul thirsts for the living God.

Then I will go to the altar of God,

to God my exceeding joy;

and I will praise you with the harp,

O God, my God.

**R:** My soul thirsts for the living God.

**Gospel Reading** (Jn 10:11-18; NRSVCE)

Jesus said, "I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep. The hired hand, who is not the shepherd and does not own the sheep, sees the wolf coming and leaves the sheep and runs away -- and the wolf snatches them and scatters them. The hired hand runs away because a hired hand does not care for the sheep. I am the good shepherd. I know my own and my own know me, just as the Father knows me and I know the Father. And I lay down my life for the sheep. I have other sheep that do not belong to this fold. I must bring them also, and they will listen to my voice. So there will be one flock, one shepherd. For this reason the Father loves me, because I lay down my life in order to take it up again. No one takes it from me, but I lay it down of my own accord. I have power to lay it down, and I have power to take it up again. I have received this command from my Father."
**TUESDAY  • MAY 9, 2017**

**Tuesday of the Fourth Week of Easter**

**First Reading** (Acts 11:19-26; NRSVCE)

Those who were scattered because of the persecution that took place over Stephen traveled as far as Phoenicia, Cyprus, and Antioch, and they spoke the word to no one except Jews. But among them were some men of Cyprus and Cyrene who, on coming to Antioch, spoke to the Hellenists also, proclaiming the Lord Jesus. The hand of the Lord was with them, and a great number became believers and turned to the Lord. News of this came to the ears of the church in Jerusalem, and they sent Barnabas to Antioch. When he came and saw the grace of God, he rejoiced, and he exhorted them all to remain faithful to the Lord with steadfast devotion; for he was a good man, full of the Holy Spirit and of faith. And a great many people were brought to the Lord. Then Barnabas went to Tarsus to look for Saul, and when he had found him, he brought him to Antioch. So it was that for an entire year they met with the church and taught a great many people, and it was in Antioch that the disciples were first called "Christians."

**Responsorial Psalm** (Ps 87:1b-3, 4-5, 6-7; NRSVCE)

**R:** (Ps 117:1a) Praise the Lord, all you nations!

The Lord loves the gates of Zion

more than all the dwellings of Jacob.

Glorious things are spoken of you,

O city of God.

**R:** Praise the Lord, all you nations!

Among those who know me I mention Rahab and Babylon;

Philistia too, and Tyre, with Ethiopia --

"This one was born there," they say.

And of Zion it shall be said,

"This one and that one were born in it";

for the Most High himself will establish it.

**R:** Praise the Lord, all you nations!

The Lord records, as he registers the peoples,

"This one was born there."

Singers and dancers alike say,

"All my springs are in you."

**R:** Praise the Lord, all you nations!

**Gospel Reading** (Jn 10:22-30; NRSVCE)

At that time the festival of the Dedication took place in Jerusalem. It was winter, and Jesus was walking in the temple, in the portico of Solomon. So the Jews gathered around him and said to him, "How long will you keep us in suspense? If you are the Messiah, tell us plainly." Jesus answered, "I have told you, and you do not believe. The works that I do in my Father's name testify to me; but you do not believe, because you do not belong to my sheep. My sheep hear my voice. I know them, and they follow me. I give them eternal life, and they will never perish. No one will snatch them out of my hand. What my Father has given me is greater than all else, and no one can snatch it out of the Father's hand. The Father and I are one."
**WEDNESDAY  • MAY 10, 2017**

**Wednesday of the Fourth Week of Easter**

**First Reading** (Acts 12:24 -- 13:5a; NRSVCE)

The word of God continued to advance and gain adherents. Then after completing their mission Barnabas and Saul returned to Jerusalem and brought with them John, whose other name was Mark.

Now in the church at Antioch there were prophets and teachers: Barnabas, Simeon who was called Niger, Lucius of Cyrene, Manaen a member of the court of Herod the ruler, and Saul. While they were worshiping the Lord and fasting, the Holy Spirit said, "Set apart for me Barnabas and Saul for the work to which I have called them." Then after fasting and praying they laid their hands on them and sent them off.

So, being sent out by the Holy Spirit, they went down to Seleucia; and from there they sailed to Cyprus. When they arrived at Salamis, they proclaimed the word of God in the synagogues of the Jews.

**Responsorial Psalm** (Ps 67:2-3, 5, 6 and 8; NRSVCE)

**R:** (4) O God, let all the peoples praise you.

May God be gracious to us and bless us

and make his face to shine upon us,

that your way may be known upon earth,

your saving power among all nations.

**R:** O God, let all the peoples praise you.

Let the nations be glad and sing for joy,

for you judge the peoples with equity

and guide the nations upon earth.

**R:** O God, let all the peoples praise you.

Let the peoples praise you, O God;

let all the peoples praise you.

May God continue to bless us;

let all the ends of the earth revere him.

**R:** O God, let all the peoples praise you.

**Gospel Reading** (Jn 12:44-50; NRSVCE)

Jesus cried aloud: "Whoever believes in me believes not in me but in him who sent me. And whoever sees me sees him who sent me. I have come as light into the world, so that everyone who believes in me should not remain in the darkness. I do not judge anyone who hears my words and does not keep them, for I came not to judge the world, but to save the world. The one who rejects me and does not receive my word has a judge; on the last day the word that I have spoken will serve as judge, for I have not spoken on my own, but the Father who sent me has himself given me a commandment about what to say and what to speak. And I know that his commandment is eternal life. What I speak, therefore, I speak just as the Father has told me."
**THURSDAY  • MAY 11, 2017**

**Thursday of the Fourth Week of Easter**

**First Reading** (Acts 13:13-25; NRSVCE)

Paul and his companions set sail from Paphos and came to Perga in Pamphylia. John, however, left them and returned to Jerusalem; but they went on from Perga and came to Antioch in Pisidia. And on the sabbath day they went into the synagogue and sat down. After the reading of the law and the prophets, the officials of the synagogue sent them a message, saying, "Brothers, if you have any word of exhortation for the people, give it." So Paul stood up and with a gesture began to speak:

"You Israelites, and others who fear God, listen. The God of this people Israel chose our ancestors and made the people great during their stay in the land of Egypt, and with uplifted arm he led them out of it. For about forty years he put up with them in the wilderness. After he had destroyed seven nations in the land of Canaan, he gave them their land as an inheritance for about four hundred fifty years. After that he gave them judges until the time of the prophet Samuel. Then they asked for a king; and God gave them Saul son of Kish, a man of the tribe of Benjamin, who reigned for forty years. When he had removed him, he made David their king. In his testimony about him he said, 'I have found David, son of Jesse, to be a man after my heart, who will carry out all my wishes.' Of this man's posterity God has brought to Israel a Savior, Jesus, as he promised; before his coming John had already proclaimed a baptism of repentance to all the people of Israel. And as John was finishing his work, he said, 'What do you suppose that I am? I am not he. No, but one is coming after me; I am not worthy to untie the thong of the sandals on his feet.'"

**Responsorial Psalm** (Ps 89:2-3, 21-22, 25 and 27; NRSVCE)

**R:** (2) I will sing of your steadfast love forever, O Lord.

I will sing of your steadfast love, O Lord, forever;

with my mouth I will proclaim your faithfulness to all generations.

I declare that your steadfast love is established forever;

your faithfulness is as firm as the heavens.

**R:** I will sing of your steadfast love forever, O Lord.

"I have found my servant David;

with my holy oil I have anointed him;

my hand shall always remain with him;

my arm also shall strengthen him."

**R:** I will sing of your steadfast love forever, O Lord.

"My faithfulness and steadfast love shall be with him;

and in my name his horn shall be exalted.

He shall cry to me, 'You are my Father,

my God, and the Rock of my salvation!'"

**R:** I will sing of your steadfast love forever, O Lord.

**Gospel Reading** (Jn 13:16-20; NRSVCE)

Jesus said to his disciples, "Very truly, I tell you, servants are not greater than their master, nor are messengers greater than the one who sent them. If you know these things, you are blessed if you do them. I am not speaking of all of you; I know whom I have chosen. But it is to fulfill the scripture, 'The one who ate my bread has lifted his heel against me.' I tell you this now, before it occurs, so that when it does occur, you may believe that I am he. Very truly, I tell you, whoever receives one whom I send receives me; and whoever receives me receives him who sent me."
**FRIDAY  • MAY 12, 2017**

**Friday of the Fourth Week of Easter**

**First Reading** (Acts 13:26-33; NRSVCE)

Paul said, "My brothers, you descendants of Abraham's family, and others who fear God, to us the message of this salvation has been sent. Because the residents of Jerusalem and their leaders did not recognize him or understand the words of the prophets that are read every sabbath, they fulfilled those words by condemning him. Even though they found no cause for a sentence of death, they asked Pilate to have him killed. When they had carried out everything that was written about him, they took him down from the tree and laid him in a tomb. But God raised him from the dead; and for many days he appeared to those who came up with him from Galilee to Jerusalem, and they are now his witnesses to the people. And we bring you the good news that what God promised to our ancestors he has fulfilled for us, their children, by raising Jesus; as also it is written in the second psalm,

'You are my Son;

today I have begotten you.'"

**Responsorial Psalm** (Ps 2:6-7, 8-9, 10-11ab; NRSVCE)

**R:** (7bc) You are my son; today I have begotten you.

"I have set my king on Zion, my holy hill."

I will tell of the decree of the Lord:

He said to me, "You are my son;

today I have begotten you."

**R:** You are my son; today I have begotten you.

"Ask of me, and I will make the nations your heritage,

and the ends of the earth your possession.

You shall break them with a rod of iron,

and dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel."

**R:** You are my son; today I have begotten you.

Now therefore, O kings, be wise;

be warned, O rulers of the earth.

Serve the Lord with fear,

with trembling kiss his feet.

**R:** You are my son; today I have begotten you.

**Gospel Reading** (Jn 14:1-6; NRSVCE)

Jesus said to his disciples, "Do not let your hearts be troubled. Believe in God, believe also in me. In my Father's house there are many dwelling places. If it were not so, would I have told you that I go to prepare a place for you? And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and will take you to myself, so that where I am, there you may be also. And you know the way to the place where I am going." Thomas said to him, "Lord, we do not know where you are going. How can we know the way?" Jesus said to him, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me."
**SATURDAY  • MAY 13, 2017**

**Saturday of the Fourth Week of Easter**

**First Reading** (Acts 13:44-52; NRSVCE)

The next sabbath almost the whole city gathered to hear the word of the Lord. But when the Jews saw the crowds, they were filled with jealousy; and blaspheming, they contradicted what was spoken by Paul. Then both Paul and Barnabas spoke out boldly, saying, "It was necessary that the word of God should be spoken first to you. Since you reject it and judge yourselves to be unworthy of eternal life, we are now turning to the Gentiles. For so the Lord has commanded us, saying,

'I have set you to be a light for the Gentiles,

so that you may bring salvation to the ends of the earth.'"

When the Gentiles heard this, they were glad and praised the word of the Lord; and as many as had been destined for eternal life became believers. Thus the word of the Lord spread throughout the region. But the Jews incited the devout women of high standing and the leading men of the city, and stirred up persecution against Paul and Barnabas, and drove them out of their region. So they shook the dust off their feet in protest against them, and went to Iconium. And the disciples were filled with joy and with the Holy Spirit.

**Responsorial Psalm** (Ps 98:1, 2-3ab, 3cd-4; NRSVCE)

**R:** (3cd) All the ends of the earth have seen the victory of our God.

O sing to the Lord a new song,

for he has done marvelous things.

His right hand and his holy arm

have gotten him victory.

**R:** All the ends of the earth have seen the victory of our God.

The Lord has made known his victory;

he has revealed his vindication in the sight of the nations.

He has remembered his steadfast love and faithfulness

to the house of Israel.

**R:** All the ends of the earth have seen the victory of our God.

All the ends of the earth have seen

the victory of our God.

Make a joyful noise to the Lord, all the earth;

break forth into joyous song and sing praises.

**R:** All the ends of the earth have seen the victory of our God.

**Gospel Reading** (Jn 14:7-14; NRSVCE)

Jesus said to his disciples, "If you know me, you will know my Father also. From now on you do know him and have seen him."

Philip said to him, "Lord, show us the Father, and we will be satisfied." Jesus said to him, "Have I been with you all this time, Philip, and you still do not know me? Whoever has seen me has seen the Father. How can you say, 'Show us the Father?' Do you not believe that I am in the Father and the Father is in me? The words that I say to you I do not speak on my own; but the Father who dwells in me does his works. Believe me that I am in the Father and the Father is in me; but if you do not, then believe me because of the works themselves. Very truly, I tell you, the one who believes in me will also do the works that I do and, in fact, will do greater works than these, because I am going to the Father. I will do whatever you ask in my name, so that the Father may be glorified in the Son. If in my name you ask me for anything, I will do it."
