The lady
Cyclist Mermaid
Hey people, my name is Zzacchi
and in the last video
I talked about what was the first wave feminism
that introduced the woman political participation through the vote
things seemed great, but only the right to vote
was not enough to change much of the women lives, but why?
to participate in the political life we need a minimum base
we need education, we need equal opportunities, we need economic power
until them the women had a limited access to all these things
that's why we have the second wave feminism
Simone de Beauvoir was a writer, social theorist and actvist in 1949
wrote a book called the Second Sex
it's a book about how women were treated during mankind history
it's a powerful book and one of the greatest feminist classics
to give you an idea of the impact of her work
the Vatican included it in their banned book list
do you remember that famous phrase?
One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman.
there is much more after that
it continues like this:
“No biological, psychic, or economic destiny defines the
figure
that the human female takes on in society;
it is civilization as a whole that elaborates this
intermediary product between male and the eunuch that is called feminine.”
Simone is explaining to us that the feminine was defined as the not masculine
the female is seen as an opposite or the negative of the male
Many professions were forbidden to women
rape inside marital relations were not considered crime
When divorcing the wife had no rights to the children
in fact, even if she was assaulted, she still couldn't ask for the divorce
sex before marriage? For fun?
Not even dreaming!
In the end of the fifties that women had access to the contraceptive pill
imagine a contraceptive that the women takes, without  the man acknowledgment
and allows her to choose when she is going to be pregnant!
This was so revolutionary at that time!
The second wave has got stronger in the sixties
that's when the feminist got more space to question gender inequality
In 1963, Beth Friedman researched housewifes about the raising dissatisfaction
she also analyzed the impact of advertising and the portrait of women in weak roles
for Bethy, to restrain women to domestic roles was to suffocate their potentials and happiness.
For example: What if she wanted to be an astronaut?
Or a Physicist? A Enginner?
What if she was genious and could find the next "cure for cancer"?
inside her home she could not accomplish that
no magazine wanted to publish her work
so she united everything she could and published a book called the Feminine Mystique
it was a huge sucess!
The American president, John Kennedy released a report about gender inequalities in the United States
All this together helped many local feminist movements to emerge
In 1969 Carol Hanisch defended that the personal is political
encouraging that women understood that everything that we do, choose or think in our daily lives is a political act
and that is the way to fight oppression
if we would wait for a movement to bring equality in a top down way it would take way longer
the politics were to be made inside our homes in our daily lives
the second wave feminism also influenced many other movements, mainly civil rights and student movements
where they were, gender equality was a topic
this was badly received by men in those movements
the claim, that is still used to this day, is that "female and gender problems are secondary and diverge the attention from important matters".
the second wave conquered many rights to women
here in Brazil was not different
in 1962, women were not in need of authorization to work, receive heritage and in case of divorce
she could ask for the guardianship of the children
in 1985, the first women police department was created in São Paulo
this model was adopted in many other states
in the constitutional election of 1988, thanks to the efforts of 26 elected women deputies
women finally achieved equality of rights under the law
in 1996, political parties were obliged to have at least 20% female candidates
in 2006 was passed the law "Maria da Penha"
for those who don't know about it, Maria da Penha suffered two murder attempts from her husband
and had to pledge to international courts to have him face trial and be convicted
this law increases the punishment for domestic violence crimes agains women
anyone, male or female, can ask for protection of this law against domestic violence
this can be used for cases of family violence, mother and daughter,  siblings
there are many other examples I could mention, but this video will be too long
to make things easier, I left some links and sources down below so you can check out
So, but what's next? Feminism has achieved all it needed? Why is there still feminism?
What is third wave feminism that I hear so much about?
Next wenesday I respond to these and other questions, stay tuned and subscribe to my channel!
Until there, kisses!
