So you're, like,
talking to your friends or coworkers,
and you notice this strange pattern.
David Anderson: This happened,
like, five minutes ago.
Abby Tang: We've been friends
for, like, like, 11 years.
Medha Imam: And then I was like, "Hello?"
And I was like, "Please,
can I have my ticket?"
Irene Kim: I'm always weird
about, like, well, like,
they wanted to watch it
together, and I was like,
well, I don't wanna sit there with them.
Narrator: Like it or hate it,
you can actually hear the
word "like" everywhere,
from celebrities...
Kim Kardashian West: But,
like, if they ask about
your lips, like, own up to it.
Narrator: To movies.
Cher: But people came
that, like, did not RSVP.
So I was, like, totally buggin'.
Narrator: And, yes, our own mouths.
David: I say like all the time.
Narrator: And most of the time...
Abby: No, I do not notice
that I'm saying like.
Unless it's, like...oh, now I do!
Narrator: So, where exactly
did this annoying trend begin?
And more importantly, why?
Believe it or not, the way we use like
can be traced back as far
as the late 19th century.
Right here on the pages
from the 1886 Scottish novel "Kidnapped"
by Robert Louis Stevenson.
But it wasn't until the 1950s
that a certain group brought
the word to spotlight:
The Beat Generation.
The young, rebellious Beat Generation
soon picked up the
interjection as a sign of cool,
and it was used so frequently
that it turned into a trope
for any beatnik characters in pop culture.
Spook: Like, how should I know, Jazz?
Like, he never tells me nothing.
Dobie: What's that on your chin?
Maynard: Can't you tell, man?
It's, like, a beard.
Shaggy: Like, next time, signal!
Scooby: Sorry!
Narrator: The Beats
played an important role
in introducing the new use of like
to a larger audience,
especially the younger generations.
And 20 years later,
when the word rose to
prominence once again,
it wasn't from the rebellious
Beat writers in bars,
but from the young girls
in the malls of San Fernando Valley.
And they had a name for themselves.
Reporter: They're high-school
girls with a lingo,
style of dress, and
philosophy all their own.
They are: Valley girl!
Narrator: The Valley girl was
a socioeconomic stereotype
referring to the young,
upper-class white girls
living in the San Fernando Valley.
These girls were known for
spending days at the mall
and dressing head to toe in pink,
but what stood out the most
was the way they spoke.
Woman: And think of the muscles straining
and the jaw being, like, pulled out.
Make it seem as if it's
rolling off your tongue.
Let's try: Barf out, I am sure!
Narrator: It even had its
own name: Valley speak.
It was what linguists call a sociolect,
a set of dialect, slang,
and words used by a
specific class of people.
It includes words and
phrases like tubular,
totally, grody, gag me with a spoon,
some of which are still used today.
And, of course, the word like.
But it was still just
a regional phenomenon,
until a single record changed all of that.
♪ Valley girl ♪
♪ She's a Valley girl ♪
Narrator: In 1982, musician Frank Zappa
and his daughter Moon Zappa
released their single "Valley Girl,"
a novelty song written to mock
and satirize the Valley girl culture.
To their surprise, the
song was a massive hit,
peaking at No. 32 on the Billboard chart,
and was even nominated for a Grammy.
The song that was meant to be a parody
had ironically turned Valley
girls and Valley speak
into a national phenomenon.
Frank Zappa: I've been doing
this for almost 20 years,
and this is the most successful record
that has ever occurred,
and the only reason that it's successful
is because it's an accident.
Narrator: The Valley girls
had turned from a stereotype
that symbolized Southern California's
shallow materialism
into a cool, idolized icon.
And the Californian entertainment industry
only fueled its spread,
this time in movies and TV shows.
A year after the song's release,
films like "Fast Times at Ridgemont High"
and "Valley Girl" were made
to quickly take advantage of the trend,
which then led to other movies and shows,
like "Clueless," "Mean Girls,"
and "Beverly Hills, 90210,"
all targeting a younger demographic.
Although pop culture has contributed
to the word's widespread popularity,
linguists have come to
believe that it might
also be because of how we use the word.
Abby: Yeah, everyone says like.
It's just the way people, like, talk.
Narrator: The word originally began
with just two definitions,
the verb from the Old
English "lician" meaning,
to feel attracted towards,
and the adjective from
the Old English "lich,"
meaning similar to.
But over time, it's not developed one,
but four more definitions,
each serving an entirely
different purpose.
Like the quotative,
used to quote our own
or someone else's words.
Medha: She was just like,
"Hey, do you have PayPal?"
And I was like, "I don't
have PayPal, I have Venmo."
Narrator: A filler mainly
used for pause and flow.
Irene: It was really just amazing.
Like, I kept thinking about it afterwards.
Narrator: An adverb,
also known as a hedge,
that's used for approximation.
David: This happened,
like, five minutes ago.
Narrator: And what's known
as a discourse particle,
to emphasize a point.
Abby: She has this
bananas phobia of blood.
Like, it's...
she's completely, like, debilitated.
Narrator: And that's not all.
Recent studies have suggested
that the word might also
have a social function,
acting as a cue to seem
informal and friendly,
another reason why it's so
prevalent among young girls.
Over the years, the way we use like
has been used as a prime example
of how younger generations
are destroying the English language.
The internet is full of advice
on how to stop saying the word,
and schools have gone as far as
to ban their students from saying it.
But chances are, they won't work.
If history has proven one thing,
language evolves and spreads,
no matter what we want.
So as long as we continue to speak,
how we say like is,
like, not going anywhere.
[Irene laughing]
Irene: I did think of
that, 'cause I was like,
I think I'm saying like
a little bit too often.
But, no, I was being framed.
