ISAAC, YOU DONE YET?
JUST A FEW MORE,
GOVERNOR.
I'VE AOST GOT IT.
OKAY. YEAH.
THERE ARE RULES
IN HOCKEY, RIGHT?
LIKE EACH RIOD
IS 20 MINUTES LONG
AND YOU CAN'T PICK UP
THE PUCK...
AND PUT IT IN YOUR POCKET.
THERE'S RULES IN PHYSICS, TOO.
THEY'RE CALLED LAWS.
W, UNLIKE THE
RULES IN HOCKEY
WHICH WE JUST MADE UP
TO MAKE IT A GAME
THE LAWS OF PHYSICS
ARE THINGS WE DISCOVER
ABOUT THE WAY
THE UNIVSE WORKS.
SO, U CAN
BREAK THE RULES
IN A HOCKEY GAME...
BOTH:
OH, MY GOSH!
MIKE, WHAT
IS THAT?
HE SHOOTS.
HE SCORES!
HE SHOOTS.
HE SCORES!
 SHOOTS. HE SCORES!
HE SHOOTS. HE SCORES
THE CROWD GOES CRAZY!
AHH!
( buzzer )
SO, YOU CAN BREAK THE RULES
IN HOCKEY
AND GO TO THE PENALTY BOX
BUT YOU CANNOT BREAK
THLAWS OF PHYSICS.
IF I DROP THIS HOCKEY PUCK...
IT FALLS EVERY TIME.
THAT'S THE LAW OF GRAVITATION
AND I COULDN'T BREAK IT
EVEN IF I TRIED.
EVERY TIME I DROP IT,
IT FALLS.
I CAN'T DROP IT
AND GET IT TO FLOAT THERE
 GO UP TOWARDS THE CEILING.
THE LAWS OF PHYSICS FINE
THE WAY THE UNIVERSE
AROUND US WORKS.
NOW THESE AREN'T THINGS
TH WE MAKE UP.
THE LAWS OF PHYSICS ARE...
THE WAY THINGS ARE.
GRAVITY-- IT'S NOT JUST A LA
IT'S A GOOD IDEA.
SOME OF THE MOST BASIC
AND FUNDAMENTAL LAWS
OF PHYSICS WERE RMULATED
BY THIS GUY-- SIR ISAAC NEWTON.
NEWTON'S THREE LAWS
DEFINE BASIC PHYSICS.
EVERYTHING ELSE STAR
FROM THERE.
SO, IF YOU WANT TO SCORE
WITH PHYSICS
YOU HAVE TO GET ST NEWTON.
( grunting )
OH!
AHH!
MIKE RICHTER HERE...
TENDS GOAL FOR THE
NEW YORK RANGERS.
HEY MIKE.
HOW YOU DOING?
ALL RIGHT. THANK
YOU VERY MUCH.
SO, UH...
SO Y'RE READY
TO GET INTO SOME
NEWTONIAN PHYSICS?
ABSOLUTELY.
ALL RIGHT. THAT'S
GOOD TO HERE.
YOU'RE JUST
STANDING
THERE, RIGHT?
YEAH
THAT'S NEWTON'S
FIRST LAW.
THAT'S IT?
 THAT IS IT.
WOW!
AN OBJECT AT REST TENDS
TO REMAIN AT REST.
A BODY IN MOTION TENDS
TO STAY IN MOTION.
JUST STANDING HERE,
WE ARE PROVING
NEWTON'S FIRST LAW.
RIGHT. IF NOTHING PUSHES ME,
I WON'T MOVE.
RIGHT, AND IF
YOU'RE MOVING
YOU'LL CONTINUE
MOVING UNTIL
SOMETHING STOPS YOU.
BUT WAIT A MINUTE.
IF I JUST GLIDE
ON THE ICE, I STOP.
YES, BUT SOMETHING
STOPS YOU, MIKE--
A FORCE.
AND NO, IT'S NOT
THE DARK SIDE.
IN THIS CASE, THE
FORCE IS THE FRICTIO
BETWEEN THE ICE AND
YOUR SKATE BLADE.
ACCORDG TO NEWTON
IFOU HIT PUCK
INTO OUTER SPACE...
MICHAEL, PLEASE.
OOH!
WOW! NICE SHOT!
 WITH NO AIR, GRAVITY
 OR FRICTION TO SLOW IT DOWN
 IT WOULD KEEP GOING FOREVER.
 THE VELOCITY OF A BODY
 REMAINS CONSTANT
 UNLESS ACTED UPON BYOME
 OUTSIDE, UNBALANCED FORCE.
( sighing and grunting )
LIKEHE BOARDS.
UNBALANCED FORCES CHANGE
YOUR VELOCITY
AND THEY CHANGE THE DIRECTION
IN WHICH YOU'RGOING.
LIKE THE WALL STOPPED ME.
OW.
 WHEN WE TAP A HOCKEY PUCK
 BACK AND FORTH DOWN THE ICE
 WE'RE APPLYING
 UNBALANCED FORCES TO IT
 CHANGING ITS VELOCITY
 BACK AND FORTH
 WHEN TWO HOCKEY PLAYERS
 COLLIDE
 THEIR VELOCITY CHANGES.
SO, UH, DAVE...
WHAT CAN YOU TELL
ME AUT INERTIA?
WELL, YOU MEAN, LIKE
NOT WANTING TO GET OUT
OF BED IN THE MORNING?
WELL, SORT OF.
UH, RIGHT NOW
WE HAVE INERTIA.
IT'S TO KEEP US MOVING
UNTIL SOMETHING COMES
ALONG TO STOP US.
BOTH:
WHOA!
AND, UH, NOW WE HAVE
INERTIA, AS WELL.
OUR INERTIA IS
TO KEEP US STOPPED
UNTIL SOME OUTSIDE FORCE
COMES ALONG AND MOS US.
YOU GOT IT?
YEAH, I T IT,
THANKS.
YOU SURE?
YEAH.
ALL RIGHT.
HE'S GOT IT.
OH, SO THAT'S WHY NEWTON'S
FIRST LAW IS SOMETIMES CALLE
THE LAW OF INERTIA.
EXACTLY.
SOTHAT'S IT.
YOU'RE DOING NEWTONIAN PHYSICS.
ARE YOU READY
FOR THE SECOND LAW?
AH, I'M READY.
I'M REALLY READY!
WHEN AN UNBALANCED FORCE ACTS
ON AN OBJECT
IT CREATES AN ACCELERATION
IN THE DIRECTION OF E FORCE.
( grunts )
YES!
WHOA!
AND THE ACCELERATION
IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL
TO THE FORCE, AND INVERSELY
PROPORTIONAL TO THE MASS.
SAY WHAT?
SO, FORCE, MASS AND ACCELERATION
ARE ALL INTERCONNECTED.
THEY ALL AFFECT EACH OTHER.
NEWTON'S SECOND LAW
LOOKA LITTLE BIT LIKE THIS.
FORCE EQUALS MAS
TIMES ACCELERATION.
OKAY, SO IF I TOOK
A SHOT ON GOAL
AND I ONLY GAVE IT
THIS MUCH FORCE...
BECAUSE U ONLY APPLIED
A LITTLE FORCE
YOU ONLY GOT
A LITTLE ACCELERATION.
EXACTLY.
I'D NEVER SCORE THAT WAY.
NOW, IF I APPLIED
A LOT MORE FORCE...
WELL, I MIGHT NOT SCORE
THAT WAY EITHER
BUT I GOT LOT MORE
ACCELERATION.
NOW, WHAT IF THE PUCK HAD
A GREATER MASS?
WHAT IF I HIT IT
WITH THE SAME FORCE?
YOU'D GET LESS
ACCELERATION.
EXACTLY, JOE.
NOW, LET'S SAY
THE PUCK HAD LESS MASS.
I'D GET A LOT MORE ACCELERATION
WITH THE SAME FORCE.
YOU SEE, IT'S ALL PROPORTIONAL.
FORCE EQUALS MASS
TIMES ACCELERATION.
SO, WE CAN PLUG IN NUMBERS
TO FIGURE OUT
HOW MUCH FORCE ON A CERTAIN MASS
WILL GIVE US
A CERTAIN ACCELERATION.
OKAY, SO YOU'D MEASURE MASS
LIKE YOU WOULD WEIGHT.
RIGHT.
ACCELERATION IS HOW FAST
AN OBJECT MOVES
FROM ONE SPEED TO ANOTHER.
EXACTLY.
BUT HOW DO WE MEASURE FORCE?
IN, UH, NEWTONS.
OH, TH GUY AGAIN?
RIGHT, BECAUSE IN NEWTON'S
SECOND LAW
HE DEFINES A UNIT OF FORCE--
NEWTONS.
SO, THEY NAMED IT AFTER HIM.
UH-HUH.
WHAT THE HECK'S A NEWTON
WELL,
THERE'S NEWTON, THE COOKIE
AND THERE'S WTON, THE GUY.
WHAT WE'RE TALKING ABOUT
IS THIS KIND OF NEWTON.
( grunts )
BUT SEE, IT TOOK NEWTONS
TO THROW THAT NEWTON.
A NEWTON IS A UNIT USED
TO MEASURE FORCE
JUST LIKE WE USE FEET
OR METERS
OR A OTHER DERIVED UNIT
TO MEASURE SOMETNG.
NOW, IN AN EQUATION,
IT LOOKS LIKTHIS--
NOW THAT "N" THERE--
THAT STAS FOR NEWTON.
SO HOW MUCH IS A NEWTON?
WELL, LET'S SAY THIS BOX HERE
WEIGHED ONE KILOGRAM.
SO, ONE NEWTON WOULD BE
THE FORCE REQUIRED
TO ACCELERATE TH BOX
ONE METER PER SECOND SQUARED.
 ASSUMING THERE'S NO FRICTION
 E FORCE IT TAKES TO GET
 ONE KILOAM ACCELERATING
 AT ONE METER PER SECOND SQUARED
 IS 1 NEWTON.
LET'S SAY
I WEIGHED 68 KILOGRAMS.
NOW, THE FORCE RUIRED
TO GIVE ME AN ACCELERATION
OF ONE METER PER SECOND SQUARED
WOULD BE 68 NEWTONS.
OH.
RIGHT.
SO, THAT'S NEWTON'S
SECONDAW.
OKAY, I'M WITH YOU.
WHEN A GUY OUT ON THE ICE
CHECKS ANOTHER GUY
THE FORCE HE HITS HIM WITH
IS A FUNCTION
OF THE SPEED...
AND HIS WEIGHT.
EXACT-A-MUNDO, MIKE!
ARE YOU SURE THAT
ASIDE FROM BEING
A SUPERSTAR
GOALTENDER
YOU'RE NOT ALSO
AN EXPERT IN
NEWTONIAN PHYSICS?
NO, NO, NO.
YOU'RE SURE?
YEAH.
R EVERY ACTION
ERE IS AN EQUAL
AND OPPOSITE REACTION.
I GUESS WE'RE READY
TO MOVE ON TO
NEWTON'S THIRD LAW
YOU READY?
YEAH, I'M READY.
STANDING HERE, I AM PROVING
NEWTON'S THIRD LAW.
MY SKATES ARE PUSHING DOWN
ON THE ICE
AND THE ICE IS PUSHING BACK UP
AGAINST MY SKATES.
THE FORCES ARE EQUAL
AND OPPOSITE.
IF THEY WEREN'T,
I'D EITHER FALL THROUGH THE ICE
OR GO  TOWARDS THE CEILING.
WE CAN SHOW WHAT NEWTON'S THIRD
LAW LOOKS LIKE
BY HAVING JOE HERE
PUSH OFF OF BRIAN.
OKAY, JOE.
ALL RIGHT.
LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT THAT
ON INSTANTEPLAY.
 JOE IS EXERTING A FORCE
 IN THIS DIRECTION.
 THAT'S OUR ACTION.
 THE EQUAL AND OPPOSITE REACTION
 CAUSES JOE TO MOVE AWAY
 FROM THE DIRECTION
 OF HIS FORCE
 AND LOOK WHAT HAPPENS
 TO BRIAN.
EQUAL AND OPPOSITE, RIGHT?
BUT LET'S Y I DID THIS.
MY RIGHT HAND IS PUSHING
AGAINST MY LEFT HAND
SO MY FT HAND IS PUSHING BACK
AGAINST MY RIGHT HAND
WITH AN EQUAL
AND OPPOSI FORCE
BUT NOTHING MOVES.
BECAUSTHE FORCES ARE EQUAL
AND OPPOSITE
THEY CANCEL EACH OTHER OUT
AND CREATE AN EQUILIBRIUM.
BUT IF I PUSHED AGAINST
THE BOARDS
ERE'S STILL AN EQUAL
AND OPPOSITE REACTION
BUT IT DOESN'T BALANCE OUT,
AND I MOVE
THAT'S BECAUSE THE FORCES
ARE ACTING
ON TWO DIFFERENT JECTS--
THE WALL AND ME.
THE FORCES ARE UNBALANCED.
NEWTON'S THIRD LAW
PLAINS WHY WE CAN SKATE.
NOW WHEN I PUSH AGAINST THE ICE
IT PUSHES BACK AGAINST ME.
AND I MOVE.
( clears thrt )
WELL, ULDN'T THE ICE
HAVE TO MOVE, TOO?
WELL, IT DOES, BUT IT MOVES
SUCH AN INFINITEMAL AMOUNT
THAT YOU CAN'T SEE IT.
IT'S UM...
IT SORT OF LIKE...
IT'S SORT OF LIKE
WHEN YOU JUMP, OKAY?
LIKE THIS.
BECAUSE YOU'RE EXERTING
AN UNBALANCED FORCE
ON THE EARTH
IT HAS TO BE AELERATED
AWAY FROM YOU
AND GAIN A MOMENTUM
EQUAL TO YOURS.
TRY IT.
SO, THAT'S IT.
THOSE ARE NEWTON'S
THREE LAWS.
HE'S NOT MUCH OF
A SKATER, IS HE?
 NO, UH,
 MATH IS MORE HIS THING.
SO I'D LIKE TO THANK
MIKE RICHTER
OF THE NEW YORK RANGERS
BRIAN, JOE, AND DAVE
AND, OF COURSE,
SIR AAC NEWTON...
PHYSICS ROCKS!
...FOR HELPING US OUT TODAY
ON SPORTS FIGURES
WITH NEWTON'HAT TRICK.
