hello everyone today we're going to talk
about the process of photosynthesis
plants can use energy from the sunlight
and water and carbon dioxide and they
can convert that into sugar glucose so
they have the ability to make their own
food now whether those plants are on
land or aquatic plants so they live
underwater they are still going to have
the ability to make their own food even
there are some bacteria that are
actually known to be photosynthetic
because they are also able to make their
own food organisms that are able to make
their own food we refer to them as
autotrophs for photosynthesis to take
place a plant for example would need the
following it would need some carbon
dioxide from the air it would need water
from it will get it from the ground to
the soil it would also need some energy
from light and the products are going to
be glucose that's the main product that
the plants are making their own food
glucose and then a byproduct would be
oxygen that's going to be released in
the air so that's the equation for
photosynthesis the reactants are carbon
dioxide water some energy from light and
the products would be glucose and oxygen
now photosynthesis takes place within
organelles known as chloroplasts which
are mostly located in the leaves of a
plant so we're gonna zoom in later on on
those chloroplasts and take a good look
at them and see what's inside of them
let's take a closer look at those
chloroplasts found inside
the plants leaves this is how one
chloroplasts look like this chloroplast
right here if we go ahead and open it up
we would find fluid so there is thick
fluid inside of the chloroplast and that
thick fluid is known as the stroma now
inside of the chloroplasts you see those
green this  disk like structures and
those are each one of them is known as a
thylakoid so each one of those disks
it's known as a thylakoid and you would
notice that those thylakoids are stacked
up on each other and so each stack is
known as a Granum so a Granum is a stack
of those thylakoids several stacks
because as you can see there are several
stacks several stacks would be called as
grana so grana is the plural of Granum
which is one stack grana are several
stacks why do we have to know the
thylakoids and the stroma because these
are where the process of photosynthesis
would take place also if we look at one
thylakoid so one of those disks right
here and we zoom in on it we would
notice that on the thylakoid there are
those green circular dots right here if
you can see them and those are
chlorophyll chlorophyll is the green
pigment that's why when you look at
plants and their leaves most of the time
we see them as green because they
contain that green pigment known as
chlorophyll the green pigment
chlorophyll the reason why we see it as
green because the green light is going
to be reflected so when the light hits
the chlorophyll some light is going to
be absorbed and some light is going to
be reflected the light that's going to
be reflected
the color that we're gonna see and so
it's the green color that's going to be
reflected all the other colors of the
lights like the Reds and the blues and
the yellows those are going to be
absorbed by the green pigment
chlorophyll now for plants to go through
the process of photosynthesis as we said
the plant would need to absorb carbon
dioxide from the air and by-product that
plants would release in the air would be
oxygen so you might be wondering how is
the plant going to absorb that carbon
dioxide and how is it releasing the
oxygen in the air and the answer is that
on the surface of the leaves there are
tiny pores
you can't really see them with the naked
eye and those pores are known as stomata
so stomata is the plural one pore is
known as a stoma and so these stomata
those pores have the ability to open and
close and so when they open carbon
dioxide is going to enter into the
stomata and oxygen is going to be
released so the co2 is going to be able
to enter and the oxygen is going to be
able to get released in the air
