
Chinese: 
燒煤太髒了
核能有點恐怖
太陽能和風力又沒那麼可靠
地熱和水力發電無法普及各地
而石油的耗盡枯竭是遲早的事
是的，這一切聽來都有些誇張，但是話說到底，
我們就是沒有一種完美的能源。
但是，先別放棄希望。
世界上有許多人在研發核融合能源，那可能是能兼顧安全、有效、
可靠又潔淨，且能拯救地球的能源選項。
那聽起來有點不可思議，但是它真的可能改變這個世界。
那麼，我們究竟離核融合能源還有多遠？
對一些人來說可能有點意外，但是核融合並不是只存在科幻電影中的東西。
它是真實的。
它是現在進行式。
你也親眼見識過它。
每個白天我們出門看到的太陽就是核融合能源的鐵證，

English: 
Coal is dirty.
Nuclear is scary.
Solar and wind aren’t always reliable.
Hydrothermal and hydroelectric aren’t widely
accessible.
And we'll eventually deplete our oil reserves.
Okay, yes, this is all a bit of hyperbole,
but the bottom line is that we don’t have
a perfect source of energy.
But, there might be hope.
Around the world people are working on fusion
energy, which might be the safe, efficient,
reliable, clean energy source that could save
our planet.
Okay, that’s a little bit more hyperbole,
but it would be world-changing.
So, how close are we to fusion energy?
This may come as a surprise to some, but fusion
is not some futuristic, sci-fi idea, it’s
real.
It’s happening.
You’ve seen it.
Fusion energy exists every time we go out
in the day and look at the sun, we see a big

Chinese: 
太陽是一團燃燒中的氫氣球體... 如果你晚上出門仰望星空，
那些數不盡的星光也是來自於核融合反應。
長久以來我們利用星辰定位方向，現在是我們效法它們的時候了
閃爍的星光和太陽的光熱，都是來自於核融合反應
核融合反應程序是由兩個較輕的原子，就好像兩個氫原子，
高溫和高壓使它們合併成一個較重的原子，就像氦原子。
當融合發生時，能量就被釋放出來生成光和熱
核融合就是造就地球上的生命生生不息的能量來源
許多人相信未來核融合可以點亮我們的城市。
我們必須停止繼續燒東西了。
因為那等於是在燒燬我們的所有一切。
那就是我們目前點亮城市的方法。
那是非常沒有效率的。
它會產生有害物質，也會污染我們的大氣。
我們目前的大氣污染也是人們期待核融合科技的主要原因。

English: 
ball of burning hydrogen gas...If you go out
at night and look at the stars, those are
also billions and billions, to quote Carl
Sagan, of burning plasma engines, fusion engines.
We've always followed the stars for direction,
but we need to learn to emulate them
The twinkle of a star and the heat from our
sun, are byproducts of fusion.
Fusion is the process of two light atoms,
like hydrogen, being forced together due to
immense heat and pressure to form a heavier
atom, like helium.
When this merger happens, energy is released,
which creates heat and light.
Fusion is the energy that makes life possible
on our planet.
And many think fusion will power our cities
of the future.
We're burning things, which has got to stop.
We just literally set fire to things.
That is really how we power cities at the
moment.
It's very inefficient.
It's very dirty, and it's not doing our atmosphere
any good.
And our atmosphere is one of the main reasons
people are excited about fusion.

English: 
Unlike fossil fuels, Nuclear fusion doesn’t
release toxins and polluting greenhouse gasses
like carbon dioxide.
The byproduct of fusion is helium, an inert,
non toxic gas.
The fuel is made of two hydrogen atoms that
can be pulled from our abundant supply of
seawater.
And yes, fusion does produce radioactive byproducts,
but the half-life of that waste is much shorter
than in a fission reactor.
It’s for all these reasons and more that
Nuclear Fusion is viewed by many to be the
cleanest, greenest and most viable alternative
to fossil fuels that we have.
In fact, one of the biggest advantages touted
by fusion supporters is that power plants
might be able to plug right into our existing
electrical grid, meaning we don’t have to
reinvent the wheel when it comes to energy
infrastructure.
Essentially the basic premise of fusion is
to take the sun, a shining ball of hydrogen

Chinese: 
不像化石燃料，核融合不會釋出有毒物質，也不會產生溫室氣體，
比如：二氧化碳。
核融合反應的副產物就是氦氣，一種惰性無毒的氣體。
用作於燃料的氫氣可以從充沛的
海水中抽取。
是的，核融合確實也會產生輻射性副產物，但是它的廢料的半衰期
比核分裂反應核廢料短很多。
出於以上以及更多的原因，許多人認為核融合
會是我們所擁有的最潔淨，最環保以及最可靠的化石燃料替代品。
事實上，核融合支持者所吹捧的最大優勢之一，
就它可以直接使用我們現有的電力網路，那意謂著
我們不用重新設計能源系統的基礎設施。
基本上這個構想概念就是，把天上的太陽，那個閃閃發亮的火球，

English: 
in the sky, and to bring it to Earth and use
the heat it produces to generate steam, and
to use that steam to turn a turbine.
Now, of course we can’t grab a star and
transport it to Earth, but we can replicate
the conditions of a star.
And we have.
We currently have the technology to heat up
hydrogen atoms to well beyond the temperature
of the sun, to a point where fusion can occur.
We have the technology to keep that superheated
plasma in place long enough for fusion to
occur.
We know we can turn heat into electricity
and currently have the infrastructure to put
that electricity onto the grid.
So, why can’t I charge my phone with electricity
made by fusion?
Well, it all comes down to Q.
In the world of fusion, Q represents “energy
gain.”
Basically, power plants of all kinds need
electricity to produce, well, electricity.
This is only worthwhile if you make more electricity
than you consume.
No one has done that yet.

Chinese: 
將它帶到地球上來，並且利用它的熱量來產生蒸氣
然後用那蒸氣來推動渦輪發電機。
當然我們沒有辦法直接把一顆恆星運來地球，但是我們可以
複製出一個類似恆星的環境。
而且我們已經有點成果了。
我們已經有了能將氫原子加熱到
比太陽還要熱的技術，那能促成核融合反應發生。
我們有能讓這個超熱電漿維持在一個地方
穩定且足夠長時間的技術。
我們知道可以把這個熱轉化為電子，而且現有的基礎設施
都可以把這種電力送入電網中。
所以，我為什麼還不能用核融合發的電來給我的手機充電呢？
那是因為還有一個 Q 因子要討論。
在核融合的世界裡，Q代表著「能量增益」。
基本上，任何發電廠都需要一些電力來製造更多的電力。
只有在輸出電力大於消耗電力時，才會有發電價值。
目前所有的核融合試驗都還沒達成那個目標。

Chinese: 
那並不是說人們還沒法促成核融合反應發生，他們確實可以。
他們年復一年地進行試驗，而每一年我們也獲得了愈來愈多的知識，
然而尚未達到輸出大於輸入的那一步。
目前對於成功的指標是，反應器輸出的能量
要超過輸入能量的10倍。
那是ITER -- 目前世上最大的核融合試驗 -- 的目標，
這項目已經努力了數十年了。
ITER代表著由世界上30個國家通力合作共同建造的
環磁機型反應爐，目標能量增益Q值為10。
這很令人興奮，許多人認為科學已證明了可行性，
意謂著在2025年時將可以達到或超越設定目標。
然而ITER試驗的目的只是要證明核融合可以產出淨能量增益。

English: 
That isn’t to say people haven’t made
fusion reactions happen, because they do.
They do more and more every year and we have
more and more knowledge of how this works
every year...But that first step hasn’t
happened yet, more out than you put in.
It seems like right now the marker for success
is a reactor that produces ten times more
energy than it’s putting in.
That’s the goal for ITER, the largest scale
fusion experiment on the planet that’s been
in the works for decades.
ITER represents a collaboration of something
like 30 nations on Earth to contribute to
building a tokamak and demonstrating an energy
gain, a capital Q of ten.
This is exciting, and many think the science
is already proven out, meaning that when it
turns out in 2025, it will meet or exceed
its goal.

English: 
But, ITER is experiment only to demonstrate
that fusion can produce a net energy gain.
As big and expensive as it is, will not power
anyone's home.
If it’s successful, than a power station
called DEMO will be built, aiming to put fusion
electricity onto the grid somewhere between
2030 and 2050.
Or, maybe even a little after that.
Which is one of the complaints about the world
of fusion so far; it takes time.
So, one of the major issues with working in
government projects is that they are notoriously
bureaucratic....We're building parts all over
the world, I mean, it is the perfect storm
for a delayed project, an over-funded, over-budgeted
delayed project.
Government projects aren’t the only way
to achieve fusion.
Private companies are also getting in on the
world of fusion and they’re not waiting
around for ITER to prove successful.
For example MIT, helped by Professor Hartwig,
recently teamed up with a private company
on a plan that they think could lead to an
operational fusion power plant within the
next 15 years.

Chinese: 
然而因為它又龐大又昂貴，無法作實際發電使用。
當計畫成功後，會再興建一個代號為DEMO的發電廠，
它的目標才是要將核融合發電送入電網中，時程約在2030到2050年之間。
或者可能會再晚一點。
這也是目前世界對核融合發展的抱怨之一，它太耗費時間了。
其中政府所資助的研究計畫的一個主要問題是，太過官僚化了。
我們在世界各地建造零件，這簡直就是拖延計畫的完美風暴，
一個資金過剩，預算浮編，卻又延遲的計畫。
政府計畫並不是唯一可達成核融合的方式。
私人企業也積極投入核融合的研發，
他們並沒有坐等ITER的成果。
比如MIT，在Hartwig教授指導下，最近與一家私人企業組成計畫團隊。
他們認為可在未來的15年內，領先完成一座可以運作的
核融合發電廠。

Chinese: 
但是，核融合的成功關鍵並只是金錢，還需要社會意識。
愈多公眾表達想要核融合電廠的聲音，就會吸引愈多政府
和投資者的注意。
每個政治人物都知道，輿論是唯一可發揮作用的角色。
我認為這是一個重要的議題，是否人們會信任建造者？
並會接受它進入他們的日常生活中嗎？
所以要讓核融合成真，要靠你我共同努力。
需要各位來讀資料，瞭解它，看一些
相關的介紹影片。
現在世界各地都有核融合實驗在進行中，
電腦模擬結果也證明了它是有可行性的。
人們想要它，政府想要它，私人企業想要它，
環境也會想要它。
它只需要進行試驗，興建，放大，證明，核准和安裝。

English: 
But it’s not just money that is key to fusion
success, it’s awareness.
The more vocal the public is about wanting
fusion power plants the more governments and
investors might take notice.
As every politician knows, the public plays
the only role in this.
And I think this is an important issue...Do
people trust whoever is building this in a
way that they will accept this as a part of
their everyday life?
So, for nuclear fusion to happen, it might
take you.
It might take you to read about it, learn
about it, talk about it, watch videos about
it.
There are fusion experiments currently being
carried out all over the world and the computer
models have already proved that the science
works.
People want it, governments wants it, private
industry wants it and well...the environment
wants it.
It just needs to be tested, built, made scalable,
approved and installed.

English: 
So, how close are we to fusion energy?
Well, the world that we would have fusion
energy is clearly a future world.
It's 30, 50 years where it's a dominant form
of energy if everything goes right.
Fusion is the only candidate we have.
It's what the stars are doing.
It's what the universe is telling us to do,
as the right way to create energy.
It's not, do you think it's the right way
or not?
It's coming for sure.
Thanks for watching everyone. If you want to know how close we are
to resurrecting the mammoth, curing AIDS, or taking pictures of blackholes,
you can do that right here.
Now thanks again for watching Seeker. We'll see you next time.

Chinese: 
所以，我們離核融合還有多遠呢？
我們能擁有核融合能源的世界才是真正的未來世界。
如果一切順利的話，大約還要30或50年，它才能成為能源主流。
核融合是我們未來的唯一選項。
它就是恆星運作的原理。
它就是宇宙展現給我們的知識，是一種正確產生能量的方式。
難道你不認為它是對的嗎？
它在未來一定會成真。
謝謝各位的收看。如果你想知道
我們還需要多久可以使猛獁象復活？治癒愛滋病？或是給黑洞拍照？
請鎖定本頻道。
再次感謝大家，下次再見。
