A simple known fact to all of us was that there's no
way to predict the future without some
kind of uncertainty. This simple idea of uncertainty
also applies to a major concept in
quantum physics called Heisenberg's
Uncertainty Principle.
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle tells us a few things
Firstly, that there's a limit to knowing
the accuracy of properties of a particle
Secondly that we do not know both
momentum and position of a particle (AT THE SAME TIME).
Lastly, that there's always a trade-off knowing position and momentum, that if you begin
to know more about momentum you won't know about position and vice-versa.
Well, you may say "I know where I am and how fast I'm going" but that's because we cannot observe
this principle on such a large scale.
This principle still affects everything
however, as it's just a consequence of how everything
acts as a wave and a particle.
To have a better grasp of this
concept, first we have to realize any
particle also has wave-like properties
like sound waves or waves from water.
This idea of wave-particle duality was first
proposed by French physicist, Louis De Brogile.
De Brogile postulated that
anything with specific value of momentum (P)
also has a wavelength which is equal
to Planck's constant divided by that
momentum. Even though you really can't see the waves
in everyday life, there's always a wavelength.
It's just our masses are too immense and it makes the wavelength incredibly small.
Which is why we look at
something smaller, like electrons, but as
We tried to look at these incredibly
small things and try to predict where
They're going, this is where the
principal takes place because of their
properties of a wave on the particle. To
imagine this try to think of the particle
like a sound wave of a long tone.
Stop right there
from this can you find where the way
with the sound is on this.
is it here? Here? In actuality, it could be anywhere
and it is everywhere.
Just like sound you can never be sure where the position 
of the particle is a you try to look at it as a wave
But you can still somewhat
predict momentum however, using
De Brogile's formula and the particle's wavelength but you still can't solve for position
Okay, now, let's try to find
position then. Try to think of it as a clap now
(claps)
where we begin to narrow down
the waves, position seems easy enough.
But here we run into another problem the
wavelength is no longer well-defined so
we can no longer have an accurate
momentum
Wait, wait, wait... So is there no way to
accurately predict both position and momentum of a particle in the same instant?
Unfortunately, yes, this is something that
we face in quantum physics and how that we
do not know both position and momentum
of a particle at the same time,
But like many things in our own lives there's
always things left uncertain, how
they're just somethings that we may never know.
But knowing this principle
may make the quote "Always expect the unexpected"
seem more significant in
everyday lives.
