APPLAUSE
University Challenge.
Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.
Hello. You win some, you lose some
is an aphorism
which applies pretty well
to the two teams
playing tonight,
each of whom have won their first-
and second-round matches
and one of their quarterfinals,
but they've each lost
a quarterfinal as well.
That means that
whichever of them wins tonight
will join Emmanuel College,
Cambridge, and Edinburgh University
in the semifinals,
and we'll be saying goodbye
to the losers.
Now, the team from
the University of Warwick
beat Liverpool University
and the University of East London
in their first two matches.
Having lost to
Emmanuel College, Cambridge,
in their first quarterfinal,
they narrowly beat
Bristol University in their second
to find themselves here.
Now playing their reserve member,
let's meet the Warwick team again.
Hello, I'm Jamie Keschner-Lycett,
I'm from Mytholmroyd
in West Yorkshire,
and I'm studying French and history.
Hiya, I'm Sophie Rudd,
I'm from Parts of Lindsey,
and I'm studying computer science
and its applications.
And this is their captain.
Hello, I'm Giles Hutchings,
I'm from Farnham in Surrey,
and I'm studying maths.
Hello, I'm Thomas Van,
I'm from Geneva in Switzerland,
and I'm studying history.
APPLAUSE
The team Wolfson College,
Cambridge, arrived here
by beating the School of Oriental
and African Studies in round one,
Jesus College, Cambridge,
in round two,
and Balliol College, Oxford,
in their first quarterfinal.
But they followed that
with a narrow defeat
at the hands of
Edinburgh University.
Let's meet the Wolfson team again.
Hi, my name is Justin Yang,
I'm from Vancouver, Canada,
and I'm studying for a PhD
in public health and primary care.
Hi, I'm Ben Chaudhri, I'm from
near Cockermouth in Cumbria,
and I'm studying natural sciences.
And this is their captain.
Hi, my name is Eric Monkman,
I'm from Oakville, Canada,
and I'm studying economics.
Hi, I'm Paul Cosgrove, I'm from
Cookstown in Northern Ireland,
and I'm studying
nuclear engineering.
APPLAUSE
OK, fingers on the buzzers,
here's your first starter for ten.
"He had a large, loving mind
"and the strongest sympathy
with the poorer classes."
Queen Victoria wrote those words
in her diary
soon after the death
of which author in...?
Disraeli. No, sorry.
I'm afraid you lose five points.
..of which author in 1870?
Dickens.
It was Charles Dickens, yes.
APPLAUSE
So you get the first set
of bonuses, Wolfson College.
They're on railway architecture.
Firstly, from its construction
in 1837, which London terminus
was distinguished
by a tall Doric entry arch?
The arch was demolished despite
public outcry in the 1960s.
Euston.
Euston.
Correct. The counterpart
of the Euston Arch
is now the world's
oldest surviving example
of monumental railway architecture.
It lies on Curzon Street
in which English city?
Birmingham?
Say Liverpool?
No. Go for it. Birmingham?
Liverpool.
No, it's Birmingham.
A statue of which public figure
stands inside London's
St Pancras station?
From the 1960s he was
an outspoken opponent
of the destruction
of station architecture.
John Betjeman. OK.
John Betjeman.
Correct.
Ten points for
this starter question.
Give the Italian title
of the Renaissance painting
that depicts Zephyrus, Flora,
the Three Graces,
Mercury and Venus competing...
Primavera.
Correct.
APPLAUSE
Your bonuses are on the words
of the early 19th century
critic and essayist William Hazlitt.
In each case, identify
the Romantic poet he's describing.
First, "He has a fire in his eye,
"a fever in his blood,
a maggot in his brain,
"a hectic flutter in his speech,
"which mark out
the philosophic fanatic."
Is it Byron, or...?
Blake? Blake?
Is he 19th century, though?
But he would've... Blake.
Maybe Shelley.
Shelley. You tell me what to
say and I'll say it.
Shelley.
Shelley.
Correct.
"Remote from the passions
and events of the great world,
"he's communicated
interest and dignity
"to the primal movements
of the heart of man."
Wordsworth? Wordsworth, or Keats.
Wordsworth's remoteness, maybe.
Wordsworth.
Correct. And finally,
"He makes man after his own image,
"woman after his own heart.
"The one is a capricious tyrant,
the other a yielding slave."
Byron? Could this be Lord Byron?
Sure. Lord Byron?
Correct. Ten points for this.
Beginning with
the same three letters,
which two six-letter terms
are near-synonyms
in everyday usage
but in physics denote one quantity
with the dimensions of pressure
and one dimensionless number?
For any given substance,
the ratio of the two gives
the modulus of elasticity.
Stress and strain.
Correct.
APPLAUSE
Your first bonuses,
Warwick, are on China.
Also known as Tomb-Sweeping Day,
which festival to honour ancestors
takes place in early April?
Meaning "pure brightness"
in Chinese,
its name coincidentally
combines the names
of China's two most-recent
imperial dynasties.
OK, so most recent is Qing.
And Ming. So is it that order?
No, Qing is the most recent.
And then Ming.
Is it Mingqing?
Mingqing.
No, it's Qingming. Oh! Bad luck.
The Qingming Festival in 1976
saw major demonstration
in Tiananmen Square
following the death
of which Chinese Premier?
He was also foreign minister
from 1949-1958.
OK. Nominate Van.
Zhou Enlai.
Correct. Born in Szechuan in 1904,
which political figure
was formally purged
after the 1976 demonstrations?
He was later restored to power
and presided over
wide-ranging economic reforms.
I'm pretty sure
it's Deng Xiaoping, right?
Nominate Rudd. Deng Xiaoping.
Deng Xiaoping is right, yes.
Ten points for this.
In logic, what three-word
English term
is often used to translate the
Latin expression petitio principii?
Begging the question.
Correct.
APPLAUSE
These bonuses are on
physics and astronomy, Wolfson.
All three answers are two-word terms
that include
the same short adjective.
Firstly, what two-word term
is used for a hypothetical
type of degenerate star
that's cooled until
it is no longer visible?
This process is thought
to take considerably longer
than the current age
of the universe.
That could be brown dwarf?
Yeah, maybe. Brown dwarf.
No, it's a black dwarf.
What apparent phenomenon
is seen during planetary transits
as a dark area that briefly
seems to link the limb of the sun
to the limb of
the transiting planet?
The... Black... The...
Um...
It's called a lip or something.
Black spot? No. Black lip...
Black Jupiter? Black...
I don't know. Black lip.
No, it's the black drop effect.
And finally, in physics,
what two-word alliterative term
is used for a hypothetical body
that absorbs all
the radiation falling on it?
Black body.
Correct.
We're going to take a picture round.
For your picture starter
you'll see a well-known
quotation from the Bible
in St Jerome's Latin translation.
For ten points, I simply want
the sense of the quote in English.
Am I my brother's keeper?
Correct.
APPLAUSE
So, you get, Wolfson,
picture bonuses on more short
extracts from the Vulgate.
Again, I want the sense
of each quote in English.
Firstly, for five...
Render unto Caesar
that which is Caesar's. Yes. Yep.
Render unto Caesar
that which is Caesar's.
Yes. Secondly...
I come to bring...
All who accept the sword...
He who will live by the sword
will perish by the sword.
He who lives by the sword
shall perish by the sword.
You would have made a wonderful
revivalist preacher, yes.
LAUGHTER
Yes, that's the sense of it,
perfectly. And finally...
Nothing new under the sun. Yes.
Nothing new under the sun.
Well done. Yes.
Right, ten points for this -
which two consecutive
letters of the alphabet
are the only two consonants
in words meaning
"a man who behaves dishonourably,
especially towards women..."
C and D.
Well done, yes.
APPLAUSE
Right, Warwick,
your bonuses this time
are on US Open tennis champions.
Which Russian won
the men's singles title in 2000,
beating Pete Sampras
in straight sets?
His sister is also a former number
one world-ranking tennis player
who won the women's doubles in 2007.
Is that the one
that came out of nowhere
and, like, surprised everybody?
It could be.
I can't remember his name.
Agassi is not Russian, is he?
No. I can't remember. Sorry, pass.
It's Marat Safin.
And secondly,
on defeating Serena Williams
in the 2011 women's singles final,
who became the first Australian
woman to win a Grand Slam title
since Evonne Goolagong
won Wimbledon in 1980?
Any ideas on Australian
tennis players? No.
No, sorry, don't know.
That was Sam Stosur.
And finally,
which men's doubles pair
has the most team wins
in the Open era?
In 2013 they became the first team
to hold all four Grand Slam titles
and the Olympic gold medal
at the same time.
It's not the Murray brothers?
Perry-Perry or something.
Two brothers called Perry.
I could be completely wrong.
I'll go with that if you want.
Perry and Perry.
No, it's Bob and Mike Bryan.
Ten points for this.
"Lie heavy on him, Earth, for
he laid many a heavy load on thee."
These words are from an epitaph
written for which exponent
of the English Baroque style,
the architect of Castle Howard
and Blenheim Palace?
Capability Brown.
Nope.
Warwick, one of you buzz.
Inigo Jones.
No, it was Sir John Vanbrugh.
Ten points for this.
The English name of a late
17th century travel account
by the Japanese haiku master Basho,
what title did the Australian
author Richard Flanagan...?
The Narrow Road to the Deep North.
Correct.
APPLAUSE
You get three bonuses, Warwick,
on sea birds.
Balearic, Sooty and Manx
are species of which genus of
long-winged oceanic birds
named after their ability
to glide with rigid wings
along the troughs of waves?
Nominate Keschner-Lycett.
Shearwater.
Correct.
Antarctic, snow and storm
are among species of
which smaller oceanic birds
related to the shearwaters?
Nominate Keschner-Lycett.
Petrel.
Correct. And finally, related
to the petrels and shearwaters,
which bird has
a six-letter common name
combining Norse words
meaning foul and gull,
a reference to the unpleasant
smell of its stomach oil?
It's not puffin, is it?
Could be puffin. I can't think
of any six-letter ones?
Shall I go with that? Puffin.
No, it's the fulmar.
Ten points for this.
The mother of modern dance
is an epithet that's been given
to which dancer and choreographer
born in San Francisco in the 18...
Duncan.
Yes, I'll accept that.
Isadora Duncan.
These bonuses, Wolfson, are now on
Brythonic, or Celtic, kingdoms
of post-Roman Britain.
Firstly, ruling an indeterminate
area of present-day Yorkshire,
which Brythonic kingdom
was conquered by Northumbria
in the 7th century?
Its name appears in the names of
two villages to the east of Leeds.
Merc... Mercia, maybe?
It's not Mercia.
It's...
No.
It's... I don't know.
Pass.
It's Elmet.
And secondly,
which 6th century kingdom
is thought to have been centred
on the Solway Firth?
The early Welsh poet Taliesin
praised its king, Urien,
and a discovery centre
named after it
opened in Penrith in 2000.
Rheged.
Nominate Chaudhri.
Rheged.
Rheged is correct.
The modern name Devon derives from
the name of which Brythonic kingdom?
Its subjugation by Wessex was
completed in the 9th century.
The Devi, right? Yeah.
The Devi.
No, it's Dumnonia.
Ten points for this.
What seven-letter term
did Lord John Russell define as "one
man's wit and all men's wisdom"?
A book of the same name...
A proverb.
Correct.
APPLAUSE
Your bonuses, this time,
Wolfson, are on psychology.
From a 1999 study, which two
psychologists at Cornell University
give their names to
a cognitive bias or effect
by which incompetent people are
unaware of their mistakes
and overstate their abilities
as a result?
Dunning-Kruger.
Correct.
In the 1951 work
New Hopes for a Changing World,
which British philosopher observed
that those who feel certainty
are stupid
and those with any
imagination and understanding
are filled with
doubt and indecision?
Russell.
Correct.
"The fool doth think he is wise,
"but the wise man
knows himself to be a fool."
In which play by Shakespeare
does Touchstone repeat that saying
to William?
THEY CONFER
It's not Twelfth Night.
What's the one in the forest...?
Midsummer Night's Dream?
No, the other one.
The one that's set in Ardenne?
Erm... As You Like It.
As You Like It.
As You Like It.
Correct.
Right, we're going to
take a music round.
For your music starter, you'll
hear an excerpt from an opera.
For ten points, I want the title
of the opera in which it appears.
OPERATIC CHORUS PLAYS
Carmen.
You can hear
a little more, Warwick.
Nabucco.
No, it's Il Trovatore.
So, music bonuses
in a moment or two.
Fingers on the buzzers,
here's a starter question.
Its name deriving from
an ancient city on its banks,
which strait was formerly
known as the Hellespont...?
The Dardanelles.
Correct.
APPLAUSE
So you recall that a moment ago
none of you recognised
Verdi's Anvil Chorus.
Your music bonuses
are excerpts from choruses
in three more of Verdi's operas.
For five points,
I want the title of the opera
in which the chorus appears.
Firstly, for five...
OPERATIC CHORUS PLAYS
Aida.
Correct.
Secondly...
OPERATIC CHORUS PLAYS
THEY CONFER
Macbeth.
It is Macbeth.
The Chorus of the Scottish Exiles.
And finally...
OPERATIC CHORUS PLAYS
Nabucco.
It is indeed, the Chorus
of the Hebrew Slaves.
Ten points for this.
In the Wentworth scale,
used to classify
sediment grain sizes in geology,
what grade comes between
granules and cobbles?
Pebbles.
Pebbles is correct.
APPLAUSE
Your bonuses are on the
Nobel Peace Prize, Warwick.
Which organisation was awarded
the 2012 Peace Prize?
According to the official citation,
for over six decades
it contributed to the advancement
of peace and reconciliation,
democracy and human rights.
It's EU.
EU.
Correct. The 2007 Nobel Peace Prize
was awarded jointly
to Al Gore and the IPCC.
For what do the letters CC stand
in that abbreviation?
Climate Change.
Correct.
1995 Peace Prize
was awarded jointly
to Joseph Rotblat
and which series of conferences
set up to reduce the role of nuclear
weapons in international politics?
Oh, it's the disarmament one.
START? Is it?
Or were they just START treaties?
It's like the name
of a town somewhere.
Nominate Rudd.
The START.
No, Pugwash.
Ten points for
this starter question.
"Who wields a poem
huger than the grave?"
These are the words of which
American poet, born in 1894?
He's generally known
by his initials and surname,
which are often...
TS Eliot.
No, you lose five points.
..which are often rendered
solely in lower case.
E E Cummings.
Of course.
APPLAUSE
Right, you get bonuses on
river gorges in France, Warwick.
Firstly for five,
a major tourist attraction,
which gorge lies on the boundary
of the Var and the
Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department?
Its river empties into the
artificial Lac de Sainte-Croix.
I don't know French.
Southern French rivers.
Loire?
Loire Valley.
No, it's the Verdon Gorge.
Noted for a series of gorges
between Florac and Millau,
the River Tarn is
a tributary of which river
which it joins near Moissac?
THEY CONFER
Loire.
No, that's the Garonne.
And finally, rising in
the Jura Mountains,
the River Doubs flows through gorges
for more than 30km
along the boundary of France
and which country?
Switzerland. The borders.
OK, Switzerland.
It is Switzerland, yes.
Right, ten points for this.
Shane Smith is the CEO
and owner of which magazine
that he co-founded
in Montreal in 19...?
VICE.
VICE is correct, yes.
APPLAUSE
These bonuses are on
the Wars of the Roses, Wolfson.
Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York,
was killed at which battle of 1460,
fought in Yorkshire?
Towton.
Towton, yeah. Towton.
Towton.
No, it was Wakefield.
Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick,
died at which battle of 1471,
fought in Hertfordshire?
1471...
The Battle of...?
I don't know.
Pass.
It's Barnet.
The Lancastrian Edward of
Westminster, Prince of Wales,
was killed at which battle of 1471?
It took place in Gloucestershire
a few weeks after
the Battle of Barnet.
Tewkesbury.
Correct.
Ten points for this.
What surname links the directors
of the films
The Naked Spur and El Cid,
Separate Tables and Marty,
and Collateral and Heat?
Scorsese?
Anyone like to buzz from Wolfson?
Is it Lee?
No, it's Mann.
Ten points for this.
The Rani of Jhansi,
Begum Hazrat Mahal of Awadh and...
The Indian mutiny?
Correct, yes.
APPLAUSE
Three questions on a Roman emperor
for your bonuses, Wolfson College.
Firstly, the appointed successor
of the Emperor Nerva,
who exceeded peacefully
to the throne in AD 98?
Under him, the Roman Empire
reached its greatest extent.
Trajan.
Correct.
Which lawyer and author did Trajan
appoint as governor of Bithynia
in about 110?
The letters between the two are
a major source of information
on Roman provincial administration.
I think it's... It's Pliny the
Younger. Is it Pliny the Younger?
Pliny the Younger.
Correct. Trajan's column in Rome
is a pictorial narrative
of the emperor's campaigns in which
reaches north of the Danube?
It corresponds to much
of modern Romania.
Dacia.
Dacia is correct, yes.
APPLAUSE
We're going to take another
picture around now.
For your picture starter,
you'll see a painting
of a historical figure.
Ten points if you
can identify the figure.
Napoleon Bonaparte.
It is.
APPLAUSE
As depicted by Antoine-Jean Gros.
Your bonuses are three more
portraits of Napoleon Bonaparte,
each by a French artist. I want
the artist's name in each case.
Firstly, who did this?
I think that's D...
Oh, that's David, maybe. David?
Are we OK with David? Yeah.
David?
No, that's by Ingres.
Secondly...
That one's David. That's David?
That looks like a David to me.
David again?
No, that's Delaroche.
And, finally...
I think that's Delacroix. Delacroix.
Delacroix.
Delacroix.
No, that WAS David.
LAUGHTER
Right, ten points for this.
Who was the US president at the time
of the Three Mile Island
nuclear accident
and the start of the
Iran hostage crisis?
Carter?
Jimmy Carter's right, yes.
APPLAUSE
Three questions on currency crises
for your bonuses.
In 1944, which Mediterranean country
experienced an economic crisis,
culminating in the issuing of notes
to the value of 100,000 million
of the local currency?
Oh, they said Mediterranean, I think
there was a Hungary one but...
Shall we say Turkey? Spain
or Italy... Yeah, I don't know.
Turkey?
No, it was Greece.
Secondly, writing in 1979,
which US economist showed that
for a currency crisis to happen,
all that is needed is for a
government to carry out policies
that are inconsistent
with the exchange rate?
I would say that would probably
be Friedman, maybe?
You're the economist!
Friedman.
No, it was Krugman.
After a period of hyperinflation,
which southern African government
revalued its dollar
by removing 12 zeros
from the old notes in 2009?
Zimbabwe.
Correct. Ten points for this.
APPLAUSE
In which city are
the Evolution Tower,
the Mercury City Tower
and the Federation Tower,
on which work began in 2003?
Dubai?
Nope. Wolfson, one of you buzz.
Abu Dhabi.
No, it's Moscow.
Ten points for this.
"Rugged, mountainous, volcanic,
"he was himself more a French
Revolution than any of his volumes."
These words of Walt Whitman refer
to which Scottish historian,
born in 1795?
Carlyle.
Carlyle is correct, yes.
APPLAUSE
These bonuses are on
physical chemistry, Warwick.
Named after a 19th-century
Scottish chemist,
which law states that under
identical conditions
the rate at which gases diffuse
is inversely proportional
to the square root
of their densities?
Raoult? Oh, it might be...
Was he Scottish? Er...
I think he was.
Raoult?
No, it's Graham. Graham's law.
Which Italian scientist's law states
that equal volumes of ideal gases
at equal temperature and pressure
contain equal numbers of particles?
Avogadro? Yeah. Avogadro.
Correct. After a scientist born
in Cumberland in 1766,
which law states that the pressure
exerted by a mixture of gases
is equal to the sum of the partial
pressures of the component gases?
Henry.
No, that's Dalton. Dalton's law.
Ten points for this.
Three and a half minutes to go.
Which estuary is the location of
two South American capitals,
named in Spanish
after a precious...?
Rio de la Plata.
Correct. Yes, the River Plate.
APPLAUSE
Your bonuses are on
political figures.
All three answers are a number
that is a multiple of 13.
Cleopatra, firstly, is generally
cited as having been what age
when she died in 30 BC?
39, 52 or 26? 39.
39.
Correct. How old was Mahatma Gandhi
when he was assassinated
in Delhi in 1948?
78? 78. Well, he was in...
78.
Correct. At what age was
Abraham Lincoln first inaugurated
as President of the United States?
He was like the youngest.
Right, so... Was it 26 or 52? 39.
Or 39?
52? That's quite old. After that...
52.
52 is correct.
Ten points for this.
APPLAUSE
"He brought a major art
to a minor vision of life."
These words of the critic
Alfred Kazin
refer to which US Nobel laureate
born in 1899?
Hemingway.
Ernest Hemingway is right.
APPLAUSE
Your bonuses this time,
Warwick, are on zoology.
In each case, name the
taxonomic rank, for example,
genus of which the following
are representative.
Firstly - Nematode, Porifera,
Arthropoda and Chordata.
Is that kingdom or phylum?
I think it's phylum. Phylum.
Phylum is right.
Secondly - Diptera, Crocodilia,
Rodentia and Octopoda.
That'll be class or order.
It's one of those, I think.
Order. Order.
Order is right.
Finally - Corvidae, Ranidae
and Hominidae.
Genus? Genus...
Yeah. Genus.
No, it's family.
Ten points for this. In anatomy,
which bone articulates
with the odontoid process?
The jaw?
Anyone like to buzz from Warwick?
The zygomatic bone?
No, it's the atlas.
Ten points for this.
First performed in 1942,
Capriccio was the final opera
of which German composer?
His other works include Elektra,
Salome and Der Rosen...
Richard Strauss.
Correct.
APPLAUSE
These bonuses are
on astronomy, Warwick.
Which constellation of the northern
sky holds the Veil Nebula,
a section of the Great Rift and the
Northern Cross asterism?
I don't know.
Ursa Minor?
No, it's Cygnus.
The Veil Nebula is part
of the Cygnus Loop,
an expanding remnant of what
type of astronomical event?
Supernova. Supernova.
Correct.
Also known as Alpha Cygni,
what five-letter name is given
to the brightest star in Cygnus?
Deneb.
Correct. Ten points for this.
APPLAUSE
In 1337, Edward the Black Prince
became the first holder of which
dukedom traditionally held...?
Duke of Albany.
No, you lose five points.
..traditionally held by
the eldest son of the reigning...?
Cornwall.
Cornwall is correct.
APPLAUSE
These bonuses are on 20th-century
British Prime Ministers, Warwick.
The final four letters
of which Prime Minister's surname
spell the French word for oven?
Oven, "four". Is it F-O-U-R?
So, Balfour. Balfour.
Balfour is correct.
Which Prime Minister's surname
may be expressed in French
as Artisan Chaumier?
C-H-A-U-M-I-E-R.
Is it Chamberlain?
GONG
Chamberlain.
No, it's Thatcher.
APPLAUSE
Well, Warwick, at the gong,
you were coming back strongly
but you didn't come back
quickly enough, I think.
So there's no shame in going out
in the quarterfinals,
none whatsoever. Thanks.
It's been a pleasure having you
with us. Thanks very much.
Wolfson, many congratulations
to you.
Congratulations, you will
go through to the semifinal.
I bet you're pleased about that.
I hope you can join us next time
for the last quarterfinal match.
But until then, it's goodbye
from Warwick University.
ALL: Bye.
It's goodbye from Wolfson College,
Cambridge. ALL: Goodbye.
And it's goodbye from me.
Goodbye.
APPLAUSE
