In which phone or PC you are watching this video
to create that don’t know how many geniuses used their hard work
And how from our imagination we reached today’s smartphone and computers
starting from a simple calculating machine Abacus
And to know what was happed between all of this 
watch the complete video!
Abacus also called counting frame
was invented around 500 BC.
This was a simple tool for doing addition and subtraction
Still used for teaching arithmetic to children
This was the fastest calculating machine until the 17th century.
Blaise Pascal who was a French scientist
and his father was a tax officer
To help his father in calculations
he created a calculator at only age of 18
Which was known as Pascaline
This calculator was gear based
and can do addition and subtraction.
On improving Pascal’s calculator
in 1671 German mathematician Leibnitz created a calculator
Which can do addition, subtraction, division, multiplication and square root
This calculator was used for the next 300 years.
Also, Leibnitz gave us the concept of the binary number.
By we can represent any number by just two digits
0 and 1
Until now all machines was like calculators
The age of real computers start with Charles Babbage
His imagination of computer was like today’s computer.
He gave a new direction to computers
So we called him ‘ Father of computer ‘
Charles Babbage was unable to complete his computer the Analytical engine.
Because of the lack of funding from the government
Mathematician Augusta Ada wrote about 
making the Babbage’s computer programmable
So she is called as the ‘ World first programmer ’
Now let's talk about first-generation computers
Using Babbage concepts Mathematician Howard Aiken
created first Electro-Mechanical computer in 1944
Which is known as IBM automatic sequence controlled calculator (ASCC)
or Mark I
This computer was very big the length was about 15 meters
and weight was 5 tons
This computer was used in world war II
John von Neumann ran the first program on this computer
In 1946 Scientist of University of Pennsylvania
 John Mauchly and Eckert created first digital computer
‘ ENIAC’
Stands for Electronic Numerical integrator and calculator
This machine was based on vacuum tubes
in which around 18000 vacuum tubes were used
This computer uses 2000 times more electricity than today's computer.
The length of this computer was around 24 meters and weight was 30 tons
Mauchly and Eckert used computer work of John Van Neumann
And created the UNIVAC I computer in 1941
This was the first commercial computer which was bought by some big organizations
Like US Census Bureau used this to count the population
Now talk about the second generation computers
Until now all computers use vacuum tubes
Which leads to many problems
Like the heating problem, 
the very big size of the computer
But how was this problem Solved?
The solution was found when
Three physicists of Bell Telephone Labs
John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Schokley
Was trying to make an Amplifier for the American telephone system.
Which will carry the telephone signals to longer distance.
For this, they created a transistor using semiconductors
Like vacuum tubes transistor can also be used as switch and amplifier
And also transistor is in the smaller size
and use less energy than vacuum tubes
Transistor was going to change computers completely
So physicist John, Walter, and William got world biggest prize Nobel Prize in 1956
Now the computer was smaller, less heavy and faster
Also, the use of high-level programming languages FORTRAN and COBOL started
Now let’s talk about the third generation computers
Third-generation computers start with T S Kilby in 1964
Which gave the concept of putting all transistor into a single semiconductor chip
 
Which was called Integrated circuit or IC
And the result was a smaller and faster compute
Now instead of punched card and printout,
the use of keyboard and monitor was started
Now talk about fourth generation computers
Now computers look like today's computers
Because the use of microprocessor was started
Means thousands of integrated circuits were put into a single chip
This time intel created his first processor
INTEL 4004
In the 1940s which was taking space of a room 
now can easily fit in your palm
Meanwhile in 1973 two scientists of Motorola
John Mitchell and Martin Cooper
invented the first Mobile Phone.
Which weight was around two kgs
Now the computer started to build for personal use
In 1981 first IBM was created
which can be used at home
Which memory was only 256 kb
Then in 1984, the first Macintosh PC was launched by Apple
Now Microprocessor was also being used in daily used  electronic devices
Meanwhile, the use of Mouse and GUI was started
But a revolution in the area of information came out when
Tim Berners Lee gave the concept of connecting all computers
And in 1989 invented the World Wide Web or Internet
Now the time was of the fastest progress in computer development
A lot of new devices like smartphones, tablets and laptops was coming at low prices
On internet Google, Facebook and Youtube like websites were launched
And Apple launched the first iPhone in 2007
And Google released the first version of Android OS in 2008
Now talk about the fifth generation computers
The Artificial Intelligence
In the last ten year, the progress was expeditious
In 2007 the first iPhone was launched was about 500 dollars
And the RAM was only 128 MB!
The new age of computer is of Artificial Intelligence
Means computer started to work as a human
Like robots, software
 which can think and work like humans
Like Voice recognition feature 
in your smartphone is an example of AI
Like Facebook recognizes face while uploading photos
Or if you have to go anywhere Google map uses AI 
to find the shortest way for you.
AI is still in development
and the use is incredibly increasing
Share this video with friends
for which this can be useful !!
For more videos Subscribe!
