JUDY WOODRUFF: Finally: Practitioners of the
world's most endangered language are appealing
for financial assistance to save it from extinction.
It's mainly used by an aging population in
a mountain village on the Greek island of
Evia.
And the language is dying with them.
As special correspondent Malcolm Brabant discovered,
this ancient language has something in common
with that emblem of modern digital communication,
Twitter.
MALCOLM BRABANT: You almost have to go to
the edge of Europe to find the whistling village
of Antia.
Take a ferry from the Greek mainland to the
island of Evia.
Pass giant wind farms and a hidden waterfall.
Then you encounter the unique voice of Kyriaki
Giannakari, trilling as clear as a bird, chatting
to her distant neighbors.
KYRIAKI GIANNAKARI, Evia (through translator):
It's essential we preserve this language.
We have to keep it.
This is the way we have grown up.
MALCOLM BRABANT: And this is how they invite
their friends to lunch, using a technique
that distinctly transmits the message for
miles between hill tops.
Experts believe the language dates back to
ancient Greek times.
One theory is that it was created by Persians
2,500 years ago after they were defeated in
the great naval Battle of Salamis.
Survivors washed up on the shores of Evia
whistled to each other to avoid detection
from vengeful ancient Greeks.
Panagiotis Tzanavaris is leading the battle
to save what UNESCO considers to be the world's
most endangered language.
PANAGIOTIS TZANAVARIS, Evia (through translator):
Whistling was used widely, used until the
day the telephone arrived.
That was in 1965, around the same time most
young people left the village to study or
find work.
So, it meant there was no one around to pass
the language onto the next generation.
MALCOLM BRABANT: It's time for the villagers
to wet their whistles.
And glasses of a fiery local liquor called
tsipouro arrive.
YANNIS TSIPAS, Evia (through translator):
If you drink too much tsipouro, you get a
hell of a headache.
We had a festival at the church yesterday.
I had far too much tsipouro, and I have got
a major hangover.
I just had a small one right now, and I'm
slowing getting back on an even keel.
MALCOLM BRABANT: The villagers are at pains
to stress that this is a language, not a code.
If you can speak it, you can whistle it.
Panagiotis Tzanavariz runs through the Greek
alphabet (through translator): Alpha, beta,
gamma, delta, epsilon.
MALCOLM BRABANT: Today, there are only 18
people left who are proficient in this language.
Panagiotis Bournousouzis is the youngest exponent.
His friend, Yannis Apostolou, acknowledges
the difficulty in sustaining it.
YANNIS APOSTOLOU, Evia (through translator):
For someone who doesn't use the language on
an everyday basis, he will find that after
a while his mouth and jaw are becoming numb.
For someone who uses the language regularly,
it becomes easier the more you use it.
It's like exercise.
MALCOLM BRABANT: Given that most conversation
takes place in short bursts, using just a
handful of characters, what we're listening
to here is effectively the earliest known
form of Twitter.
So, what do they think of the world's most
famous Twitter user?
Panagiotis Bornousouzis:
PANAGIOTIS BORNOUSOUZIS, Evia (through translator):
I like President Trump.
I think he's a stable influence, and I think
he will take America forward.
MALCOLM BRABANT: Farmer Yannis Tsipas:
YANNIS TSIPAS (through translator): I think
Trump is very good for his own country.
I just wish he would help Greece a bit.
I don't have a very high opinion of Greece's
prime minister, because, instead of getting
us out of this financial mess, he's getting
us deeper into it.
Trump could assist us economically if he would
pay a portion of Greece's debt.
MALCOLM BRABANT: Yannis Apostolou:
YANNIS APOSTOLOU (through translator): What
I would really like to see President Trump
do is to put an end to all the wars that are
going on at the moment across the world, and
then to try to get people back into a normal
type of rhythm and develop the rest of the
world.
Trump is outside the political system.
Because he's an outsider and a technocrat,
I think he will find a way to resolve the
situation with North Korea.
MALCOLM BRABANT: Panagiotis Tzanavaris:
PANAGIOTIS TZANAVARIS (through translator):
It's a bit early to tell, but it's my opinion
that Trump will cause fewer wars than Obama,
who came to Greece and started praising democracy.
MALCOLM BRABANT: The villagers acknowledge
that the language is fading as fast as an
Evia sunset, and they are trying to find a
benefactor to fund lessons for young Greeks
interested in perpetuating this unique sound
of the mountains.
Panagiotis Tzanavaris is painfully aware that
financially strapped Greece has other priorities.
PANAGIOTIS TZANAVARIS (through translator):
We have got a society, a state which shows
no interest whatsoever in preserving this
piece of our so important cultural heritage.
(WHISTLING)
MALCOLM BRABANT: What he said was, "For the
'PBS NewsHour,' I'm Malcolm Brabant in Evia."
JUDY WOODRUFF: Malcolm will do anything to
go to Greece.
And we're thinking of doing the "NewsHour"
in whistling from now on.
