
English: 
So there's a 93 question test called the Myers
Briggs type indicator.
You've probably heard of it.
It's the most widely used personality test
in the world.
And the company that makes, CPP, reportedly
earns about $20 million dollars from the 2
million people that take it and companies
that administer it every year.
You answer these 93 questions and it tells
you you're one of these 16 different personality
types.
But the only problem is that this test is
totally meaningless.
Clinical psychologists, psychiatrists, anyone
working to understand human behavior who doesn't
have a stake in the financial success of this
test doesn't believe in it.
They don't use it at all.
So, let's step back a little.
In 1921 Carl Jung, an enormously influential
early psychologist, hypothesized that humans
fall into a number of different types.
There are perceivers and judgers.

Chinese: 
这个世界上有个包含93道问题的MBTI人格测试
你可能听说过它；
它是目前使用最为广泛的人格测试
：Myers Briggs测试是最精确的人格测试
据说，CPP公司每年从2百万的用户中赚了2千万美元
有个人用户，还有公司管理者
于是你去做了测试，回答了93个问题，
然后它告诉你，你是16种人格中的一种
可关键的问题是这个测试完全没有意义
临床心理学家、精神科医生，
任何一个尝试想了解人类行为的人
认为想财务自由跟它没有任何关系，
甚至根本就不相信它
接下来，让我们时间往后拉
卡尔·荣格是一个严重影响
早期心理学的重要人物；在1921年
他假定人可以划分为不同的类型

Chinese: 
里面有知觉者和判断者；
感觉发达的人和直觉发达的人
有理性派，还有感性派
但就算是在当时，荣格发现
大多数的人格并不是非此即彼
：他写到，每个独立的人都在规则之外
几十年之后，一对美国佬也没接受过正规心理训练
Briggs 和她的女儿 Isabel Briggs-Myers
决定采用荣格的想法
并将其转化成所谓的指标类型
大概1942年的时候，他们开始测试
他们采用了荣格的类型，但对描述稍做改动
每个人都只有两种可能，二选其一
你不可能既有点外向，又有点内向
但实际上，人们并不是这样的
所以结果根本不靠谱
有研究发现，超过50％的人
参加了两次测试，但结果完全不同
更何况时间只隔了5周

English: 
People who prefer sensing over intuition.
There are thinkers and there are feelers.
But even at the time he realized that most
people don't fit neatly into one category
or another.
Most people are extroverted in some circumstances
and introverted in others.
He wrote:
"Every individual is an exception to the rule."
A few decades later a pair of Americans who
had no formal training in psychology, Catherine
Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs-Myers
decided to take these ideas and turn them
into what they called a type indicator.
In 1942 they first began testing it.
They took Jung's types but slightly altered
the terminology and changed it so that every
single person was assigned only one possibility
or another.
You couldn't be a little bit of an extrovert
or a little bit of an introvert.
But people don't actually work that way, so
the results simply aren't reliable.
One study found that as much as 50% of people
who took the test twice arrived at different
results even though it was only 5 weeks later.
CPP peddles the test as 'Reliable, valid,
backed by ongoing global research and development
investment.'

English: 
And a reported 89 of the Fortune 100 companies
and 200 federal agencies use the test to
separate employees and potential hires into
'types' and assign them appropriate training
programs and responsibilities.
But multiple studies have shown the test totally
fails to predict people's success in various
jobs.
The really strange thing is that there are
leading psychologists on their board and none
of them use the test in their personal research.
In 2012, Carl Thoresson, a Stanford psychologist,
admitted that it would be questioned by his
academic colleagues if he used the Myers Briggs
in his research.
"Why is the Myers Briggs so popular?"
Well, it really on gives positive results
and it plays into the idea of people fitting
neatly into categories.
People love categories.
You can't take the test and be told you're
selfish or lazy or mean.
Because the descriptions are vague, they're
hard to argue with.
This is called the Forer effect, and is a
technique long used by purveyors of astrology,
fortune-telling,
and other sorts of pseudoscience to persuade
people they have accurate information about
them.

Chinese: 
据报道，有财富100的89家公司，
200家政府部门采用这个测试
将员工和潜在适格员工区别对待
并为其安排相应的培训和给予对应的责任
但更多的研究表明这项测试
完全无法预测人们在不同行业的成就
真奇怪的是，CPP的董事会里有首席心理学家
但没有人会在个人研究中使用这个测试
2012年，斯坦福大学心理学家卡尔·托勒森
（Carl Thoresson），CPP的董事会成员，
承认如果他在研究中使用MBTI，
学术界的其他同事就会质疑
“为什么MBTI如此受欢迎？”
其实，它真地有给人正面思考，
符合人们想归类的想法
人们喜欢归类
你不会参加完测试，然后说你很自私、懒惰
甚至很卑鄙；结果总是积极正向
因为结果很模糊，很难与之争辩
这叫做Forer effect，是以前的占星师
广为传播、长期使用的技术，
算命、有点伪科学的意思
辩称自己有关于他们命运的密码

English: 
There's something really attractive about
assigning ourselves personalities.
That's why horoscopes are so popular and Buzzfeed
quizzes go viral.
But the truth is that human personalities
are really complicated.
We all have different facets and different
nuances that make us span a lot of different
categories at once.
There's absolutely nothing wrong with taking
the test as a fun, interesting activity.
The Myers-Briggs is useful for one thing:
entertainment.

Chinese: 
把人归类于某种人格，
的确有吸引人的地方
这也是为什么星座是如此受欢迎
Buzzfeed测试会病毒式传播
但事实是人的个性相当复杂
做一下测试也没啥大不了的，纯属好玩
但有件事要记得：MBTI只是为了好玩
