JUDY WOODRUFF: It's the first week of Major
League Baseball, and there's a story emerging
off the field, top players being signed for
hundreds of millions of dollars.
Amna Nawaz takes a look.
AMNA NAWAZ: The latest deal, the Atlanta Braves
announced it will pay star outfielder Ronald
Acuna $100 million over eight years.
This comes after a series of major deals,
including the Los Angeles Angels signing outfielder
Mike Trout to a contract making him the richest
athlete in North America.
It's a 12-year deal worth more than $425 million.
Another big name, Philadelphia Phillies' deal
with Bryce Harper, that for $330 million over
13 years.
All told, just 10 players have gotten long-term
deals over $2 billion since this winter.
Let's try to understand what's going on and
what it means for the game.
Jeff Passan is the author of the book "The
Arm: Inside the Billion-Dollar Mystery of
the Most Valuable Commodity in Sports" and
a baseball columnist with ESPN.
Jeff Passan, welcome to the "NewsHour."
Please help me understand, what is behind
all these enormous numbers?
JEFF PASSAN, ESPN: Well, Amna, Major League
Baseball is a really good business now.
It's making upwards of $10 billion a year.
And when you have that much money in the pockets
of the owners, some of it needs to go back
to the players.
The question, though, is, is the right amount
going back to the players?
And the fact that 4-plus billion dollars has
been spent in long-term guaranteed contracts
since November 1 still doesn't satisfy a large
segment of players.
Now, that sounds counterintuitive, because
it's a ridiculous amount of money, because
you have athletes who are getting upward of
a half-billion-dollar guaranteed contracts,
but Major League Baseball is making such hand-over-fist
money at this point that the percentage that's
going to players is the important part.
And when you have a system like Major League
Baseball that doesn't have a salary cap, like
the NFL or like the NBA, there is no limit
on what teams can spend and what they can
give players.
And the amount of money that has been going
to the top-end guys has been huge, but the
erasure of the middle class has been the big
story line this season, veteran players not
getting contracts nearly what they did in
the past.
And it's leading to a lot of animus really
between the MLB and the Players Association.
AMNA NAWAZ: So, these super big salary we
see for just a small number of players, what
does that mean for all the other salaries?
Those aren't rising similarly, right?
Is this creating kind of an ultra-rich and
everyone else in baseball?
JEFF PASSAN: That's exactly right.
You can call it a stars and scrubs sport,
because that's what it's turning into.
Now, the way Major League Baseball's salary
structure works is this.
Every team gets control of a player for six
years.
The first three years of the contract, they
can pay him whatever they want.
Usually, it's around the Major League minimum,
which is $545,000.
In years three through six, you go into the
arbitration system, where you ask for a number,
the team offers another number, and you either
settle somewhere in between or a panel of
three arbitrators decides which of those salaries
is correct.
Then, after six full years in the Major Leagues,
you get to hit free agency.
And free agency for a long time was Valhalla
for players.
They would go out.
Team would bid against one another.
The contract prices would get driven up.
Free agency, though, over the last three years
in particular has become something of a graveyard
for players.
And, listen, it's weird saying that in a year
where Bryce Harper got $330 million, where
Manny Machado got $300 million, but those
are the outliers.
It's the players who are at the lower levels,
who aren't quite the superstars, who aren't
being paid what they once were.
AMNA NAWAZ: So, Jeff, in very simple terms,
though, why is Mike Trout worth over $400
million?
JEFF PASSAN: I apologize for getting a little
nerdy with you here, but it's important to
contextualize this.
There's a metric in baseball that has been
devised called wins above replacement.
The idea is, if you use just some random player
who's at AAA and put him in the Major Leagues,
how much better is every other player compared
to him?
And a win above replacement is worth around
$8 million or so on the free agent market.
Mike Trout is anywhere between an eight-to-win
player on an annual basis.
So we're talking about value that he's creating
for the Los Angeles Angels worth anywhere
from, $65 million to $80 million, upwards
some years of $100 million.
So, a $425 million investment actually is
seen throughout the industry as a bargain
for the Angels, considering what Trout brings
on a daily basis.
AMNA NAWAZ: So, Jeff, let me ask you this.
Is baseball different?
Because, if you take a look at the NFL, that
big money, the salaries are still centered
around the quarterbacks.
How is baseball different than what we see
there?
JEFF PASSAN: Well, it goes back to the lack
of a salary cap, Amna.
And the salaries, accordingly, should be driven
up significantly, but because they haven't
been over the last few years, that's where
the anger from the Players Association is
toward MLB.
Now, granted, I say the salaries haven't been
driven up.
We're still talking about millions of dollars,
tens of millions, hundreds of millions in
some cases.
So the guys are getting paid.
They're just not getting paid what they feel
they should be getting paid.
AMNA NAWAZ: Jeff Passan of ESPN, thanks so
much for being with us.
Thanks.
Appreciate it.
