The International Encyclopedia of Unified
Science (IEUS) was a series of publications
devoted to unified science.
The IEUS was conceived at the Mundaneum Institute
in The Hague in the 1930s, and published in
the United States beginning in 1938.
It was an ambitious project that was never
completed.
The IEUS was an output of the Vienna Circle
to address the "growing concern throughout
the world for the logic, the history, and
the sociology of science..."
Only the first section Foundations of the
Unity of Science (FUS) was published; it contains
two volumes for a total of nineteen monographs
published from 1938 to 1969.
== International Congresses for the Unity
of Science ==
Creation of the IEUS was facilitated by the
International Congresses for the Unity of
Science organized by members of the Vienna
Circle.
After a preliminary conference in Prague in
1934, the First International Congress for
the Unity of Science was held at the Sorbonne,
Paris, 16–21 September 1935.
It was attended by about 170 people from over
twenty different countries.
With the active involvement of Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz
(Poland), Susan Stebbing (England), and Federigo
Enriques (Italy) the scope of the project
for an IEUS was considerably expanded.
The congress expressed its approval of the
planned IEUS as proposed by the Mundaneum,
and further set up a committee to plan future
congresses.
This committee included the following members:
The Third International Congress for the Unity
of Science, which was devoted exclusively
to the IEUS, was held in Paris, 29–31 July
1937.
== Volume I ==
Encyclopedia and Unified Science (FUS I-1)Otto
Neurath, Niels Bohr, John Dewey, Bertrand
Russell, Rudolf Carnap, and Charles Morris
Foundations of the Theory of Signs (FUS I-2)Charles
Morris
Foundations of Logic and Mathematics (FUS
I-3)Rudolf Carnap
Linguistic Aspects of Science (FUS I-4)Leonard
Bloomfield
Procedures of Empirical Science (FUS I-5)Victor
F. Lenzen
Principles of the Theory of Probability (FUS
I-6) Ernest Nagel
Foundations of Physics (FUS I-7) Philipp Frank
Cosmology (FUS I-8) E. Finlay-Freundlich
Foundations of Biology (FUS I-9)
Felix Mainx
The Conceptual Framework of Psychology (FUS
I-10) Egon Brunswik
== Volume II ==
Foundations of the Social Sciences (FUS II-1)Otto
Neurath
The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (FUS
II-2)Thomas S. Kuhn
Science and the Structure of Ethics (FUS II-3)Abraham
Edel
Theory of Valuation (FUS II-4)John Dewey
The Technique of Theory Construction (FUS
II-5)Joseph H. Woodger
Methodology of Mathematical Economics and
Econometrics (FUS II-6) Gerhard Tintner
Concept Formation in Empirical Science (FUS
II-7) Carl G. Hempel
The Development of Rationalism and Empiricism
(FUS II-8) George De Santillana, Edgar Zilsel
The Development of Logical Empiricism (FUS
II-9)
Joergen Joergensen
Bibliography and Index (FUS II-10) Herbert
Feigl, Charles Morris
== 
Influence ==
Historian David Hollinger argued that the
IEUS was a less comprehensive account of the
sciences of the time than it could have been,
and was especially weak in the social sciences.
Hollinger noted that the Encyclopaedia of
the Social Sciences, published around the
same time, provided a much more comprehensive
account of the social sciences: "The Encyclopedia
of the Social Sciences (12 vols., New York,
1933–1937) was a prodigious endeavor brought
to successful completion by Alvin Johnson.
This encyclopedia is a much more important
episode in the history of thought than The
International Encyclopedia of Unified Science
yet has attracted much less attention from
historians than the abortive enterprise led
by Neurath."
Hollinger also said that the scholarly journal
Philosophy of Science, founded in 1934, provided
a much more inclusive perspective on the sciences
in those years than did the IEUS.American
political theorist James Burnham refers to
the Encyclopedia in Science and Style: A Reply
to Comrade Trotsky (1940), his penultimate
tract discussing his differences with Leon
Trotsky and marking Burnham's renouncement
of dialectical materialism.
In this text he responds to Trotsky's request
to draw his attention to "those works which
should supplant the system of dialectic materialism
for the proletariat" by referring to Principia
Mathematica by Russell and Whitehead and "the
scientists, mathematicians and logicians now
cooperating in the new Encyclopedia of Unified
Science".
== See also ==
Encyclopedism
Van Nostrand's Scientific Encyclopedia – published
in 1938, the same year as the first monograph
in the IEUS
World Brain – published in 1938, the same
year as the first monograph in the IEUS
World Congress of Universal Documentation
– held in Paris in 1937 a few weeks after
the Third International Congress for the Unity
of Science
