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>>> WHAT IS UP, STPHEFRB YOU ARE
WATCHING NASA IN SILICON VALLEY
LIVE FOR THURSDAY, 
SEPTEMBER 27th, 2018.
I AM ONE OF YOUR HOSTS, MATTHEW
BUFFINGTON.
TODAY WE HAVEPECIAL GUEST
HOST, A YOUTUBER, A TWIT
STREAMER, AND ALL-AROUND COOL
GUY, MR. SCOTT MANLY.
>> HELLO.
>> HOW'S IT GOING IN.
>> GREAT.
>> ARE YOU HYPED?
>> I AM AS HYPED TO BE HERE --
>> IT FEELS LIKE IN JANUARY WE
DID OUR FIRST SPACE VIDEO GAME
SHOW.
SCOTT WAS, WHAT WAS THE OTHER
GAME?
>> SPACE WAR.
>> HE WAS SAYING YOU HAVE TO
LEAD YOURTS AND JUMP ON IN.
>> EVERYONE'S A CRITIC.
>> AS WE WERE GOING THROUGH BACK
AND FORTH ON TWITTER AND HEY,
LET'S BRING SCOTT ON OVER TO
HELP HOST THE SHOW.
WELCOME, WELCOME.
>> THANK YOU.
WE HAVE THEIR CHAD FROST AND
MARY BETH WILHELM.
HOW ARE YOU?
>> HANGING IN.
>> ANYTHING HAPPEN SINCE THE
LAST TIME YOU WERE PLAYING VIDEO
GAMES WITH EVERYBODY IN.
>> WORKING ON DEVELOPING NEW
TECHNOLOGIES AND WORK IN ICELAND
AND LOTS OF LAB WORK.
A BUSY SUMMER.
I'M READY FOR VACATION.
>> YOU JUST CAME FROM THE
PRESENTATION.
>> OUR EVALUATOR.
>> HOW DID THEY DO?
>> THEY WERE AWESOME.
THEY ARE DOING THEIR BIG
PRESENTATION IN ABOUT A MONTH
AND THIS IS OUR OPPORTUNITY TO
GIVE THEM A LITTLE FEEDBACK FOR
THEIR FANTASTIC IDEAS COMING OWL
FROM ALL DIRECTION -- FROM ALL
DIRECTIONS, IT WAS PRETTY COOL.
>> THIS A SPECIAL LET'S PLAY
VIDEO GAMES EPISODE.
LET ME JUMP IN, THIS IS NASA IN
SILICON VALLEY LIVE WHERE WE
TALK TO RESEARCHER, SCIENTISTS
AND ENGINEERS AND ALL-AROUND
COOL PEOPLE ABOUT ALL THE NERDY
THESE YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT.
IF YOU WANT TO PARTICIPATE LIVE
IN THE CHAT, JUST LIKE THAT
LOWER THIRD SAYS, YOU HAVE TO GO
TO TWITCH.TV/NASA.
THEY ARE DIGGING THROUGH THE
QUESTIONS SO I DON'T HAVE TO SEE
IT IN THE CHAT.
IF YOU CAN'T CATCH US LIVE, NO
BIG DEAL, WE'LL HAVE VIDEO ON
DEMAND ON TWITCH AND YOUTUBE
WHEN THE SHOW IS OVER.
NEXT WEEK IT WILL BE UP AND
REBROADCASTING OVER ON NASA TV
AND ALSO WE'LL HAVE AN AUDIO
VERSION FOR THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND
BEYOND.
BEFORE WE MOVE ALONG, FOLKS IN
THE CHAT, SEND IN QUESTIONS NOW.
THERE ARE DIFFERENT PARTS
THROUGH THE SHOW.
WE'LL KEEP JUMPING IN AND
GRABBING QUESTIONS FROM
EVERYBODY.
SINCE WE ARE DOING VIDEO GAMES I
HAVE TO MAKE OUR LEGAL FRIENDS
HAPPY.
A FUN DISCLAIMER OVER, UNDER LAY
OR LOWER THIRD.
THIS IS JUST TO REMAIN EVERYBODY
AS WE ARE PLAYING THE GAMES NASA
DOES NOT PROMOTE -- THERE IT
IS -- DOES NOT PROMOTE OR
ENDORSE OR APPEAR TO ENDORSE OR
PROMOTE.
SO, YEAH, WITH THAT WE'RE GOING
TO JUMP INTO OUR FIRST GAMES.
WE DID THIS COOL SEGMENT
TRANSAND PLAY THAT OVER FOR
EVERY EPISODE.
♪ OF COURSE IT'S TIME FOR
A LET'S PLAY.
THIS CAN INCLUDE CONTROLLER,
12-SIDED DICE OR A POP-O-MATIC
BUBBLE.
WE ARE PLAYING VIDEO GAMES IN
THIS EPISODE.
WHAT DO YOU HAVE FIRST?
>> I CAME UP WITH A HUGE LIST OF
NASA-RELATED GAMES.
>> I SAW.
>> OBVIOUSLY WE WILL PLAY A FEW.
THE FIRST I WANTED WAS ELITE,
DANGEROUS.
>> NICE.
>> AND BASICALLY A SPACE SIM SET
ONE THOUSAND YEARS IN THE
FUTURE.
NOT ONLY CAN YOU FLY A SPACE
SHIP IT HAS RENDERS OF THE
GALAXY AND CAN GO ANYWHERE IN
THE GALAXY INCLUDING PLACES THAT
NASA HAS SENT
SPACECRAFT.
WE HAVE HIGHLIGHT REELS.
>> EXACTLY.
WHAT ARE WE LOOKING AT AND
SEEING HERE?
>> WE ARE FLYING TOWARD PLUTO.
>> HOW FAST ARE WE GOING?
>> IT LOOKS LIKE 1.5 TIMES THE
SPEED OF LIGHT.
>> ONE THOUSAND YEARS IN THE
FUTURE, WE'LL TAKE LIBERTIES.
LET'S TALK ABOUT THAT, BEING
HERE ATAMES IT DID THE FLY BY OF
PLUTO AND GOT COOL PHOTOS.
>> THE LAST DAY OF THE YEAR
DOING THAT PRETTY MUCH.
YOU CAN SEE WE ARE COMING DOWN.
CAN IS CHIRON AND PLUTO NEXT TO
EACH OTHER.
THEY TOOK TEXTURES AND MAPPED
THEM ON TO THIS.
YOU CAN'T LAND ON PLUTO, BUT CAN
GET CLOSE TO CHIRON.
I AM LOOKING AROUND IN THE
COCKPIT.
>> YOU CAN'T TALK ABOUT PLUTO
WITHOUT THE CHAT BEING IS IT
A PLANET?
>> A DWARF PLANET.
>> IT'S A DWARF PLANET.
>> IT'S STILL A PLANET.
>> IT'S A PRETTY COOL PLANET, IF
YOU ASK ME.
>> AND CHIRON IS A REALLY COOL
MOON.
ONE OF THE DIG DISCOVERIES ON
THE NORTH POLE THERE IS
A DEPOSIT OF COMPOUNDS THAT IS
LIKE A REDDISH MATERIAL.
IT IS A MIXTURE OF ORGANICS.
I DON'T THINK PLUTO HA THOSE.
>> IS THIS PLUTO?
>> THERE IS THE REDDISH
MATERIAL.
>> I WANTED TO FLY THROUGH THE
CANYONS, THERE ARE SEVEN OF
THEM.
THEY ARE ALL NAMED AFTER
FICTIONAL SPACECRAFT.
I CAN'T REMEMBER WHICH IS WHICH.
THEY HAVE BEEN APPROVED FROM THE
IAU.
WE HAVE TARDIS.
>> NO WAY.
>> I DON'T KNOW WHICH THIS IS
I'M FLYING THROUGH.
I AM TRYING TO DO MY BEST
BEGGAR'S CANYON IMPERSONATION.
>> I'M DIGGING THE COCKPIT.
>> IT'S SO MUCH BETTER IN VR
WHEN YOU CAN LOOK AROUND AND SEE
EVERYTHING.
>> FOR CHAD AS OUR DIRECTOR OF
ENGINEERING OR ACTING DIRECTOR
OF ENGINEERING WHAT WOULD YOU
GIVE FOR A COCKPIT LIKE THIS?
>> A LOT, YEAH.
IT'S EASY TO FORGET THIS IS
SUPPOSEDLY ONE THOUSAND YEARS IN
THE FUTUR
A LOT OF CONCEPTS AND IDEAS WE
HAVE BEEN WORKING ON PLAY INTO
THE SAME GENERAL LOOK AND FEEL.
AND YET, IF YOU DO IT RIGHT,
MAYBE THAT'S WHAT IT WILL BE
LIKE ONE THOUSAND YEARS HENCE.
IT HAS A MAN OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM
TELLING YOU WHERE YOU ARE AND
HOW TO NAVIGATE.
THERE IS TERRAIN THAT SHOWS UP
IN THERE.
THIS IS THE FIRST TIME I HAVE
EVER SEEN THIS PARTICULAR GAME.
IT'S INTERESTING TO FIND YOUR
WAY AROUND IN THERE VISUALLY AND
SEE WHAT IS ON.
>> WE ARE COMING UP TO AN
ANCIENT SPACE PROBE.
I DON'T KNOW IF YOU CAN HEAR THE
AUDIO.
>> I THINK ERIC WILL PUMP UP THE
AUDIO AS WE GET CLOSER.
OH, YEAH, LISTEN TO THAT.
THIS ISN'T WHERE VOYAGER IS
RIGHT NOW IT'S ONE THOUSAND
YEARS IN THE FUTURE.
>> IT'S LEFT THE SOLAR SYSTEM,
TECHNICALLY.
>> THE ONLY MAN-MADE OBJECT EVER
TO DO SO.
>> I BROUGHT ALONG AN
INTERESTING PROP.
>> PICTURE IN PICTURE.
>> A RE-PRESSING OF THE VOYAGER
GOLDEN RECORD THAT WAS DONE LAST
YEAR.
THEY H ALL THE MUSIC.
>> REALLY IN.
>> AND THE GREETINGS FROM THE
VARIOUS PARTS OF THE WORLDS.
MY FAVORITE PART BEING A DJ IS
THE MAP SHOWING THE TRAJECTORY
THAT VOYAGER TOOK ON THE WAY.
>> THAT'S REALLY COOL.
>> AND HAD GRAVITY ASSESS.
>> YEAH.
>> WE SHOULD TALK ABOUT WHAT IT
WAS.
IT WAS A RECORD THAT WAS PUT
TOGETHER TO REPRESENT ALL OF THE
SOUNDS OF THE EARTH.
THE VERY FIRST PART OF THE
RECORD IS RECORDINGS OF OVER 50
LANGUAGES GREETINGS.
IT GOES INTO THE BEST MUSIC FROM
 OVER THE GLOBE WAS COMPILED
AND PUT ON TO THIS RECORD AND
ARCS FIXED TO THE FRONT --
AFFIXED TO THE FRONT OF THE
SPACECRAFT.
10S TO HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF
YEARS THE VOYAGERS WILL PASS BY
NEARBY STARS.
THE IDEA IS SOME DAY, MAYBE
SOMEBODY WILL FIND IT AND LISTEN
TO THE SOUNDS OF EARTH.
>> AS AN ENGINEER I WAS THRILLED
ON THE SURFACE OF THE RECORD IT
TELLS WHOEVER MIGHT FIND IT,
WHAT A RECORD IS AND HOW TO GET
THE INFORMATION OFF IT.
THERE ARE SOUNDWAVES ON HERE AND
THIS IS WHAT THEY LOOK LIKE.
HERE IS WHAT YOU NEED TO DO TO
PLAY THE THING BACK.
PLUS OTHER BASIC INFORMATION
CONTENT AND  WHAT YOU MIGHT DO
WITH IT.
>> SOMEONE SAID SILENT
SEARCHLIGHTS HAVE EITHER VOYAGER
PROBES TRAVELED BEYOND THE OUTER
MOST RADIUS OF THE CLOUD?
>> NO.
100,000 OR BEYOND.
>> THERE YOU GO.
ON THEIR WAY.
IT WILL TAKE A LONG TIME FOR
THEM TO GET OUT THAT FAR:  SO
WHAT ARE WE LOOKING AT AM COMING
UP OVER HERE.
>> WE PASSED THE SUN AND WE ARE
GO TO GO TO THE MOON.
AND I KNOW NASA IS TALKING ABOUT
A SPACE STATION AROUND THE MOON.
WE HAVE A SPACE STATION AROUND
THE MOON.
IT IS BIGGER THAN WHAT NASA HAS
IN MIND.
THIS IS CALLED GALILEO.
I WANTED TO SHOW THE DOCKING
SEQUENCE IN THIS GAME.
BECAUSE IT'S PRETTY COOL.
TAKES SOME INSPIRATION FROM 2001
HERE.
THE SPACE STATION.
YOU NEED TO REQUEST DOCKING
PERMISSION FROM SPACE TRAFFIC
CONTROL.
FOR MOST PEOPLE TO GET GRAVITY
YOU HAVE TO MATCH THE ROTATION.
>> VERY REALISTIC.
>> IT'S REALISTIC IN THAT WAY.
>> AND ALREADY BILL BOARDS AND
COMMERCIALS.
>> NASA DOES NOT ENDORSE ANY OF
THOSE.
>> OR APPEAR TO ENDORSE
GOVERNMENT SPACE ADVERTISING.
THE CITY.
>> YOU CAN GO THERE AS WELL.
>> WHAT IS THAT?
>> ANOTHER SPACE STATION IN
ORBIT AROUND TITAN.
IT ONLY LETS YOU LAND ON PLANETS
WITH NO ATMOSPHERE.
TITAN IS A FANTASTIC PLACE TO
VISIT WITH LOTS OF ATM
>>  THE ONLY OTHER PLACE IN THE
SOLAR SYSTEM WHERE IT ACTUALLY
RAINS.
>> REALLY IN.
>> YES, BUT LIQUID ETHANE AND
METHANE.
>> THEY HAVE TITAN AND OCEAN AND
WORLD.ROM FROZEN PLANET TO OCEAN
THEY HAD SOMEBODY YOU TALK TO
AND HAD THEIR HELMET OFF AND
CHATTING WITH YOU.
THAT WOULD BE PRETTY COLD.
SO THE METHANE ISN'T FROZEN, BUT
LIQUID OCEANS OF METHANE, IT'S
STILL GOING TO BE PRETTY COLD
OUTSIDE.
TO GET COFFEE AND HEAD OUT INTO
THE OUTER SOLAR SYSTEM.
TAKING A LOOK AROUND AS WELL.
THERE ARE OTHER SPACE SHIPS,
OBVIOUSLY.
WHILE THIS GAME DOES LET YOU
SHOOT OTHER PEOPLE AND A BIG
PART OF THE GAME, I DECIDED TO
BE A PACIFIST.
I DON'T EVEN HAVE GU IN MY
SPACE SHIFT.
>> AND THERE ARE ALIENS.
>> LOOKING THROUGH THE CHAT
A LOT OF SHOUT OUTS TO SCOTT.
>> HELLO.
>> HELLO, EVERYBODY.
AND ANOTHER PERSON I THINK
CAPTAIN II IS ASKING WHAT TIME
LINE IS THIS?
>> ONE THOUSAND YEARS IN THE
FUTURE.
HAS RE TIME ADVANCES MARKED
WITH OUR OWN TIME.
IT'S SEPTEMBER 27th IN
WHATEVER YEAR IT IS.
>> AS AN ENGINEER, WHAT ARE SOME
OF THE COMPLICATIONS TO BUILD
THESE THINGS?
WE ARE WAY FAR OFF.
THERE IS A LOT OF STUFF WE HAVE
TO FIG OUT.
>> ABSOLUTELY.
SOME OF IT WE ARE STARTING TO
WORK ON AND FIGURE OUT.
ONE OF THE BIG QUESTION SYSTEM
IF YOU WANT TO BUILD SOMETHING
REALLY BIG IN SPACE, JUST HOW DO
YOU DO THAT?
THE BIGGEST THING WE EVER BUILT
IN SPACE IS THE INTERNATIONAL
SPACE STATION.
WE BUILT THAT SENDING ALL THE
ASSEMBLING THEM ON ORBIT WITH
A LOT OF HUMAN LABOR.
MOSTLY ASTRONAUTS PUTTING THINGS
TOGETHER IN SPACEFUL YOU CAN DO
IT THAT WAY.
BUT IF YOU ARE TALKING A SPACE
STATION THE SIZE OF THIS, IT'S
A HUGE LABOR PROBLEM.
OR ALIEN LABOR AS THE CASE MAY
BE.
WE HAVE REALLY BEEN PUTTING
A L OF EFFORT INTO HOW CAN YOU
DO THIS ROBOTICALLY.
>> ROBOTS CAN DEAL WITH THE
COLD.
>> AND THE RAW MATERIAL AND LET
THE ROBOTS PUT TOGETHER AND
WE'LL SHOW UP AND LIVE AND TAKE
ADVANTAGE OF THAT.
>> WE TALK ABOUT GOING TO MARS
AND GOING TO THE MOON.
A LOT OF STUFF ABOUT HUMAN
LIVING INP SPA AND HAVE TO
FIGURE OUT UTHE COOL THING BEING
ON THE MOON IF SOMETHING GOES
WRONG YOU ARE NOT TWO YEAR AWAY.
YOU CAN TRY TO GET BACK A LITTLE
SOONER.
>> IF YOU ARE FAR AWAY EVEN AS
FAR AS THE MOON YOU HAVE TO TAKE
A LOT OF THOSE THINGS WE TAKE
FOR GRANTED ON EARTH WITH YOU.
WHETHER IT'S RA MATERIAL
RESOURCE, WHETHER IT'S
CONSUMABLES.
WHETHER IT'S WATER, OXYGEN,
FOOD, ALL OF THOSE THINGS HEY, I
HAVE MY MUG OF WATER RIGHT HERE.
IF I'M AT THE SPACE STATION IT'S
NOT READILY AVAILABLE AS
A RE
IT'S SOMETHING I TOOK WITH ME OR
MAKING OUT OF MATERIALS I TOOK
WITH ME.
IT'S A CLOSED SYSTEM.
IT PUTS A NEW BURDEN ON
TECHNOLOGY AND HOW WE DO IT
WHETHER IT'S THE INTERNATIONAL
SPACE STATION OR LUNAR GATEWAY
OR ANYTHING WE WANT TO GO DO,
 FIGURE OUT HOW TO DO IT
WITH THE MATERIALS YOU HAVE THAT
YOU TOOK WITH YOU.
>> GOING ON IN THE BACKGROUND,
WE JUST BUZZED, WE FLEW THROUGH
THE SYSTEM.
>> WE SPENT LESS TIME THAN
CASINI.
>> YES.
>> IT'S STILL THERE?
>> IN MANY PIECES BURNT UP?
THEY HAVE ANOTHER LANDING BASE
OVER HERE.
A SPACE STATION WITH A ROVER
THAT CAN VISIT THE SURFACE.
A MOON OF SATURN.
>> WE WERE JUST TALKING ABOUT
IT.
>> I HAVE HEARD IT PRONOUNCED TO
BOTH WAYS.
>> JUST DEPENDS HOW YOU'RE
FEELING.
>> LOOKED TUP.
ED IT UP THE MOON
SHARON NAMED AFTER THE
DISCOVERER'S WIFE WHOSE NAME WAS
CHARLENE.
IT'S OFFICIALLY NAMED AFTER
A MYTHOLOGICAL FIGUREND THE
CORRECT WAY IN THAT CASE IS
KARON.
YOU ARE NOT GOING TO HEAR THAT
PRONUNCIATION.
THAT PARTICULAR MYTHOLOGICAL
FIGURE, PLUTO IS NAMED AFTER THE
LORD OF THE UNDER WORLD, BUT
CARRION WAS THE ONE WHO FERRIED
PEOPLE ACROSS THE RIVER STYX.
>> THEY FOUND ICE GEYSERS THERE
USING DATA FROM GALILEO AND
VOYAGER, RIGHT?
FOUND THERE IS -- EUROPA IS
FASCINATING FROM AN
ASTRO-BIOLOGY STAND POINT
BECAUSE IT HAS A HUGE OCEAN.
>> JUST BENEATH THE SURFACE,
A THICK SHEET OF ICE A FEW
KILOMETERS AND UNDER IT A LOT OF
WATER.
>> I KNOW MARY BETH CAN TALK ALL
DAY ABOUT ASTRO-BIOLOGY.
>> AT L A FEW HOURS.
>> ISN'T THERE A PRESENTATION
YOU HAVE TO DO?
>> IT'S HARD TO IMAGINE AN OCEAN
WORLD LIKE THIS BECAUSE IT'S
DARK.
WHEN WE THINK OF OUR EARTH'S
OCEANS WE THINK OF LIGHT
STREAMING IN AND BEAUTIFUL
BLUE-GREEN ALGAE.
IF IT'S LIVING IN EUROPA IT'S
CHEMICAL ENERGY AND COMPLETE
DARKNESS AND IT'S AN ALIEN WAY
TO THINK ABOUT LIVING.
>> ED YOU OUGHT TO GO TO -- THEY
SAID YOU OUGHT TO GO TO THE
GEYSERS ON EUROPA.
>> IT IS.
>> OR THE OTHER?
>> IT IS EUROPA.
>> THIS IS A RELATIVELY NEW
DISCOVERY.
>> BUT BASED ON OLD DATA, WHICH
IS ALWAYS FASCINATING TO FIN
NEW DISCOVERIES IN OLD DATA.
MUCH BETTER COCKPIT.
YOU CAN SEE A LOT MORE THERE.
>> NICE.
GIVE THE VISTA A SHOT.
>> THAT'S JUPITER IN THE
BACKGROUND.
>> ALL THE FREE SAMPLES.
>> PICK THEM UP.
>> I WILL GET OUT IN MY RECOVERY
AND GO FOR A-- IN MY ROVER AND
GO FOR A DRIVE.
.IT HAS WEIRD ALIEN FUN GAE.
WE ARE STAYING WITHIN THE REALMS
OF REALITY AT THIS POINT.
ALTHOUGH THE GEYSERS ARE MORE
POWERFUL THAN THE ONES IN REAL
LIFE, I SUSPEC
>> REALLY?
WHEN THE RECENT DISCOVERY, COOL
THING ABOUT THE GEYSERS, THEY
FOUND, LIKE, THE BUILDING BLOCKS
OF LIFE IN THERE?
>> ON INCELLIDDA.
I THINK THEY ARE MUCH LARGER.
>> TALK ABOUT WHAT THAT MEANS TO
ASTRO-BIOLOGY FORUTURE NASA
MISSIONS.
>> IMAGINE HOW MUCH EASIER IT IS
TO FLY THROUGH A PLUME AND TAKE
A SAMPLE RATHER THAN LAND AND
DRIVE.
>> OR DRILL THROUGH MANY
KILOMETERS OF ICE.
>> YEAH.
THAT'S HARD TO DO ON EARTH LET
ALONE ON SOMETHING THAT IS THAT
FAR AWAY FROM EARTH.
THE SAMPLES THEMSELARE
INTERESTING BEC THEY HAVE
IDENTIFIED THE RAW INN
GREEDIENTS -- INGREDIENTS FOR
LIFE IN THE PLUMES.
WE COULD SEND A MORE ADVANCED AD
INSTRUMENT THAT COULD TELL US IF
THERE IS LIFE CONTAINED IN THAT
SAMPLE.
THAT WILL BE ONE OF THE MOST
EXCITING MISSIONS IN MY
LIFETIME, CERTAINLY, TO ANSWER
THE QUESTION IS THERE MICROBIAL
LIFE ANYWHERE ELSE IN THE SOLAR
SYSTEM?
>> THE MATERIAL COMING UP OUT OF
PLUMES IS FROM
>> IT DOES.
>> IF YOU WANT TO JUMP ON BACK
A BIT TO THAT BIG SHOT OF ALL
THE STARS.
THIS IS REAL DATA TAKEN --
>> THE STARS ARE REAL STARS.
THEY START TO FILL IN ONCE THEY
GET FARTHER OUT.
SOME HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED BY
NASA MISSIONS.
THE Y-FIELD SURVEY EXPLORER.
THEY HAVE MEASURED THE COLORS
AND PARLAXES.
THEY TRY TO EXTEND THIS OUT TO
THE ENTIRE GALAXY.
YOU CAN GO A LONG WAY OUT AND
TRAVEL TO THE CORE OF THE GALAXY
AND GET TO SAGETERIOUS, THE
SUPER MASSIVE BLACK HOLE IN THE
MIDDLE.
THE CALIFORNIA NEBULA, POLARIS,
WELL-KNOWN STAR.
>> I WOND FER ANY EXO-PLANETS
THAT HAVE BEEN FOUND BY OUR
KEPLER MISSION ARE IN ORBIT
AROUND THE STARS.
>> FUNNY YOU SHOULD SAY THAT.
I MIGHT JUST PAY A VISIT ONE: 
THAT'S WHERE WE ARE GOING NEXT.
>> I DID NOT PLAN THAT.
>> WE HAVE BEEN TRAVELING AROUND
AT THE SPEED OF LIGHT, BUT AT
HYPERSPACE WE CAN TRAL EVEN
FASTER.
>> NICE.
>> YOU CAN TRAVEL UP TO 2,000
TIMES THE SPEED OF LIGHT OR 50
LIGHT-YEARS IN A MATTER OF
SECONDS BECAUSE IT'S A GAME AND
YOU DON'TT PEOPLE WAITING
FOREVER.
AND WE WENT TO ONE OF THE KEPLER
POINTS AND IN THE FIELD OF VIEW.
SEVERAL LARGE JUPITERS TO THIS
STAR.
>> I REMEMBER TALKING TO ONE OF
THE NASAROJECT SCIENS, THE
WAY SHE DESCRIBED IT YOU PUT
YOUR HAND UP INTO THE AIR AND
WHAT YOUR HAND COVERS IS THE
FIELD OF VIEW OF WHAT KEPLER WAS
LOOKING AT.
ALL THE PLANETS, EXO-PLANETS
CONFIRMED IN THAT SMALL SPACE
AND TESSA IS DOING SO MUCH MORE.
>> POINTING AT THE SAME PLACE
FOR MONTHS WS, YEARS EVEN.
THOSE ARE THE THREE HOT
JUPITERS.
THEY ARE BASED ON THE REAL DATA
THAT HAS BEEN RETURNED.
THIS DOES CAUSE PROBLEMS FOR THE
GAME.
THE RECENT NEW DATA, THEY HAVE
CHANGED MANY OF THE POSITIONS OF
THE STARS AND DISTANCES AND THE
GAME HASN'T DDED TO UPDATE
ITS ROLE IN THE UNIVERSE.
>> THE CLOSEST START -- IT IS
LIKE 4 LIGHT-YEAR AWAY?
>> A LOT OF-PLANETS.
>> THE EXCITING THING NOW FROM
THE RESULTS OF KEPLER AND K-2,
AMAZINGLY, PRETTY MUCH EVERY
STAR ON AVERAGE HAS AT LEAST ONE
PLANET.
AND THERE ARE SOME STARS THAT
DON'T HAVE ANY AND STARS THAT
HAVE A LOT MORE ON AVERAGE
A PLANET FOR EVERY STAR OUT
THERE.
YOU THINK OF T BILLIONS AND
BILLIONS ARE STARS, THERE ARE
BILLIONS AND BILLIONS OF
PLANETS.
EVEN IF A FRACTION ARE LIKE
EARTH, THAT'S STILL A HUGE
NUMBER.
>> THAT'S WHERE THE HASH TAG
MORE PLANETS THAN STARS.
>> THAT'S A PRETTY WILD PARADIGM
SHIFT.
GROWING U ONLY 8 AND NOW -- 9 I
GUESS, PLUTO.
>> RIP PLUTO.
BUT THAT WAS EARLIER IN THE 
CHAT.
ANOTHER QUICK ONE SOMEBODY ASKED
ABOUT.
DO YOU HAVE ANY IDEA OF THE
TEMPERATURE OF THE PLUMES IRL
IN.
>> SURE.
THE WATER IN THE PLUMES ORIDGE
NATE AT THE INTERFACE BETWEEN
THE ROCKY SURFACE AND THE OCEAN.
AND THE TEMPERATURES AT THAT
POINT ARE LIKE QUITE HIGH, 90 OR
80, 90 CELSIUS.
AT THE INTERFACE SILICA
NANO-PARTICLES STARTING TO FORM.
AS IT EXITS, OBVIOUSLY AS IT
EXITS INTO SPACE IT FREEZES.
I DON'T KNOW WHAT THE
TEMPERATURE IS, BUT IT'S NO
LONGER IN THE LIQUID PHASE, IT'S
IN THE ICE PHASE AND THAT IS
A PROBLEM BESE YOU HAVE TO
TAKE THAT SAMPLE AND RE-MELT IT
TO PULL OUT ANY POTENTIAL
MARKERS OF LIFE THAT YOU WOULD
BE INTERESTED IN ANALYZING.
>> WE WILL GET TO THE POINT --
ALMOST LIKE WRAPPING UP AND
DANGEROUS.
>> AT THE END.
BEAUTIFUL SPACECRAFT.
NAMED ATA AMES.
WE MAY HAVE REACHED THE END OF
THE VIDEO ITSELF.
>> AS WE GET READY TO
TRANSITIONTO A NEW GAME ON THE .
A SHOUT OUT TO ERIC OUR AUDIO
GUY IN THE AUDIO BOOTH.
HE WAS PUSHING REALLY HAR
GET NO MAN SKY IN ON THAT ONE.
>> IT'S NOT REALLY SCIENTIFIC.
>> HE IS LIKE PLAYED ELITE
DANGEROUS.
ANYTHING ABOUT ELITE DANGEROUS?
IT'S A PRETTY TOUGH SIM GAME.
IT'S HARD TO FIGURE THAT OUT.
>> IT'S HARD IN PLACES FOR SURE.
A LOT OF IT IS THAT IT WAS SO
BEAUTIFUL SITTING IN YOUR SPACE
SHIP AND LOOKING AT PLANETS.
>> I TOTALLY AGREE.
IT WAS A LOT OF FUN TO PLAY WITH
AND LOOK AT.
>> AS A SIM GUY YOU PROBABLY
APPRECIATE THE AUDIO IN THAT
GAME.
>> OH, YEAH.
IT'S BEAUTIFUL.
>> WE WERE TALKING ABOUT HOW
COOL IT WOULD BE TO HAVE
SOMEBODY WITH THE VR HEADSET AND
TODAY I RAN BY SOMEBODY AT THEIR
DESK HAD AN HTC VIBE AND I WAS
THIS CLOSE TO PULLING IT IN.
MAYBE THE NEXT EPISODE, FOLKS.
LET'S SWITCH ON OVER TO THE NEXT
THING WE HAVE SET UP HERE.
THROUGH THE MAGIC OF HDMI CABLE
TO AN IPAD.
>> I CAME UP WITH THIS IDEA
DURING THE LAST SHOW, SHOWING
ALL THE CONSOLE GAMES AND NOT
EVERYBODY HAS PCs OR CONSOLE,
MANY HAVE PHONES.
THERE ARE A LOT OF REALLY GOOD
SIMULATION GAMES, ROCKET
IMULATION.
THEY ARE CLONES THAT WILL RUN ON
MOBILE DEVICES.
I AM RUNNING ON AN IPAD BECAUSE
IT'S BETTER BUT YOU CAN RUN ON
AN OLD 5S.
WE ARE JUST DRAGGING THE PARTS
TOGETHER.
>> MARY BETH WAS LAUNCHING STUFF
RIGHT BEFORE.
>> WHAT ARE YOUR MISSIONHAT.
REQUIREMENTS?
>> JUST THE SAND BOX.
I'M GOING TO TRY TO DO SOMETHING
UP AND INTO SPACE.
HAVE TO FIND A BIG ROCKET.
THIS WILL BE WAY TOO BIG.
THIS SIMILATES THE PHYSICS AND
YOU CAN PAY A LITTLE MORE FOR
EXPANSION.
>> YOU DON'T HAVE TO PAY EXTRA
FOR THE FUEL?
>> NO.
FUEL IS ALWAYS THE CHEAPEST PART
OF THE ROCKET, RIGHT?
THAT WASN'T QUITE RIGHT.
WHATEVER.
>> WHILE YOU SET THAT UP, WE
HAVE COMMENTS FROM THE STREAM.
ONE GUY ASKS FOR A 24-HOUR
STREAM, PLEASE
WE AIM FOR AN HOUR BUT WE HAVE
STUFF IN STORE FOR YOU.
>> IT WOULD GET BORING WHEN WE
SLEEP.
>> OVER ON TWITCH PEOPLE, YOU
KNOW, THEY WILL WATCH IT.
WHAT KIND OF ENGINEER DO YOU
NEED TO BE TO CONSIDER GETTING
A JOB AT NASA?
I'M FINISHING IN CIVIL
ENGINEERING AND WONDER IF I CAN.
>> AMAZINGLY WE HAVE CIVIL
ENGINEERS AT NASA, RIGHT,
BECAUSE WE HAVE ALL SORTS OF
PROJECTS THAT REQUIRE MOVING
EVERYTHING FROM DIRT, FACILITY
CONSTRUCTION.
WE ARE JUST BUILDING OUT A WHOLE
NEW SUPER COMPUTING PAD RIGHT
NOW.
A WHOLE LOT OF REFURBISHMENT AT
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER TO GET
READY FOR THE NEW, LARGER
ROCKETS.
ANY ENGINEERING DISCIPLINE, WE
HAVE PEOPLE DOING THAT SOMEWHERE
AT NASA.
PRETTY BROAD.
>> A QUESTION FROM EVIL
MR. MUFFINS.
THAT IS AN AWESOME NAME.
AT DEGREEULD GET TO WORK
AT NASA?
BIG SMILEY FACE.
ON THE SCIENCE SIDE, PEOPLE
ASKING WHAT SHOULD I STUDY TO
GET A JOB AT NASA WHAT DO YOU
SAY?
>> A LOT OF OPTIONS.
I WORK WITH PEOPLE WITH DEGREES
IN CIVIC, ASTRONOMY, CHEMISTRY.
THE BEST COURSE OF ACTIONS TO
CHOOSE SOMETHING YOU ARE SUPER
PASSIONATE ABOUT.
IT'S LIKE 10 YEARS OF SCHOOL
AFTER HIGH SCHOOL TO BE
A SCIENTIST AT NASA.
YOU HAVE TO GET YOUR BACHELORS
AND THEN YOUR PH D.
IF YOU DON'T LOVE WHAT YOU ARE
DOING, IT'S A LONG HAUL.
>> A JOB FOR EVERYBODY.
FOR ME I AM THE ONE PERSON AT
THE TABLE WITHOUT A SCIENCE
DEGREE, I'M GUESSING.
>> YES.
>> MY COMMUNICATION IS
A POLYSIGH THING WORKS OUT WELL.
>> WE STILL LOVE YOU.
>> I APPRECIATE THAT.
I WILL BE THE TOURIST IN THE
FUTURE ROLE.
>> I MADE YOU THE PILOT.
>> NICE.
>> IT'S NOT JUST ON THE
ENGINEERING SIDE, WE HAVE ALL
SHADES AND VARIETIES OF
ENGINEER, BUT ACROSS THE BOARD,
RIGHT, NASA IS A BIG, DIFFICULT
ORGANIZATION THAT DOES A LOT OF
STUFF AND IT TAKES A HUGE CAST
OF SUPPORTING CHARACTERS TO MAKE
THAT HAPPEN.
EVERYBODY FROM THE PUBLIC
SAFETY, WE HAVE NASA HAS COPS.
>> LAWYERS.
>> LAWYER, WE HAVE PEOPLE DOING
PROCUREMENT.
LITERALLY EVERY PROFESSION YOU
CAN THINK OF WE HAVE PEOPLE THAT
ARE DOING THAT.
>> A PODCAST EPISODE WITH
SOMEBODY WHO WENT THROUGH
BUDGETING AND PROCUREMENT AND
EVENTUALLY ENDED UP DOING
A TEMPORARY ASSIGNMENT AS
A PROJECT MANAGER AND DOING MORE
STUFF AND O THE TECHNICAL SIDE.
IT'S A WHOLE MIX.
YOU NEVER KNOW WHAT YOU CAN END
UP.
SCOTT, TELL US WHAT WAORY ARE WE
LOOKING AT?
>> I WAS JUST FLYING A
SPACECRAFT INTO ORBIT WHILE YOU
WERE TALKING.
WE ARE IN ORBIT.
BUILT IT BY DRAGGING ANDD I
DROPPING.
THE MAIN ENGINE BOOSTS US INTO
A SUB-ORBITAL PRACTICE JECTORY
AND NOW WE ARE HERE.
WE'LL JUST GO BACK.
>> WHAT ALTITUDE DID YOU GET?
>> A SCALED DOWN EARTH.
REACHING UP TO 173-KILOMETERS
AND THAT'S NOT REALLY TO SCA
IT'S NICE HAVE SCALED DOWN
EARTH BECAUSE IT MEANS YOUR
ORBIT, FASTER.
I WILL JUST GO BACK AND LAND
THIS.
WE'LL REDUCE THE TIME WARP AND
PERFORM A RETROGRADE BURN TO
SLOW OUR ORBIT DOWN AND BRING
THE PERRY G INSIDE THE ORBIT.
>> WHAT IS THAT?
>> THE POINTS CLOSEST TO EARTH.
IT IS OVER HERE, THAT'S THE
CLOSEST POINT.
YOU WILL SEE THERE.
AND G IMPLAY APPLY -- IMPLIES
EARTH.
YOU WILL ALSO GET JEWEL.
YOU CAN HAVE PERI-HELIUM WHEN IT
IS CLOSE AND HOT.
AND I WILL JUST FIRE MY ENGINE
AND THE THRUST IS DROPPING MY
ORBIT DOWN INTO THE ATMOSPHERE
AND WE ARE THEN GOING TO USE
THAT TO DESCEND AND LAND.
>> NICE:  THIS IS SPACE FLIGHT
SIM ULATER.
IF YOU ARE JUST INTERESTED IN
FLYING ROCKETS THIS IS A GOOD
ONE.
AS WE FALL THROUGH THE
ATMOSPHERE, THE DRAG IS GOING TO
SLOW OUR ORBIT DOWN.
YOU CAN SEE THE APPS ARE
DECREASING.
SLOWING US DOWN AND LOSING
ENERGY AND OUR ORBIT IS GETTING
CLOSER AND CLOSER TO THE PLAN E.
WE DON'T WANT TO USE THE
PARACHUTE JUST YET, IT WILL BURN
OFF.
>> I THINK THE FIRST TIME FOR ME
PLAYING KERBALI WAS MESSING
AROUND AND A QUICK SUB-ORBITAL
LAUNCH AND I WAS LIKES I'M GOING
TO TRY ON LAND THIS THING AND I
T THE HATCH OR WHATEVER IT IS
AND HAD IT POINTING STRAIGHT
DOWN JUST STREAM ROLLING RIGHT
TO PLANET EARTH TO GO AND LAND.
I NOTICED IT WAS HAVING A REALLY
BAD TIME AND GETTING REDDER AND
REDDER.
WHAT IS GOING TO IN WHY IS THIS
NOT WORKING?
I REMEM T CONVERSATION I
HAD WITH JACK ON THE PODCAST,
A WHOLE BLUNT FACE IDEA AND
EVERYTHING COOLED OFF.
>> I'M GOING NOSE FIRST.
THIS DOESN'T MODEL REENTRY
HEATING OR I WOULD HAVE BURNED
OFF MY PARACHUTE  KILLED OFF
 CREW.
WE DON'T GET TO KNOW THEM SO WE
CAN TREAT THEM AS FACELESS CREW.
>> YOU ARE PROBABLY NOT STABLE
GOING NOSE FIRST.
>> STABLE IN BOTH DIRECTIONS.
THEY HAD TO HAVE A SPOILER TO
FLIP IT AROUND WHEN IT CAME DOWN
THE WRONG WAY.
I REMEMBER.
>> YOU ARE SITTING IN SCHOOL,
THESE SIMULATIONS.
ANYTHING LIKE THIS AVAILABLE?
>> NOT WHEN I WENT TO SCHOOL.
I HAD TO DO THIS ON PAPER.
WE WERE LUCKY TO HAVE PAPER.
[LAUGHING]
ONE SLATES ANDLK.
[LAUGHING]
ONE OF THE FIRST PIECES OF CODE
I HAD TO WRITE FOR MY
ENGINEERING SOFTWARE CLASS WAS
A THREE BODY SIMULATION ARE
ORBITAL DYNAMICS.
ANYONE COULD HAVE GONE OUT AND
DONE A THREE BODY SIMULATION.
BUT YOU LEARN A LOT WHEN YOU
HAVE TO WRITE THE CODE YOURSELF.
IT WASN'T A SOPHISTICATED
SIMULATION.
BUT IF THERE IS NO BETTER WAY TO
LEARN THE BASICS THAN TO HAVE TO
CODE IT UP.
THERE ARE GREAT SIMULATIONS AND
TOOLS THAT ARE GREAT WAYS TO
SORT OF LEARN WHAT IS GOING ON.
PERRYI GEE, APOGEE AND IT IS
INTUITIVE IN WAYS THAT JUST
READING IT OUT OF A BOOK MIGHT
NOT BE.
>> EVEN TERMS LIKE DELTA V AND I
HEARD PEOPLE TALK ABOUT IT, BUT
IT WASN'T UNTIL PLAYING SOME OF
THE GAMES OH, THAT'S WH
THEY ARE TALKING ABOUT.
OKAY.
THAT MAKES MORE SENSE.
>> MAKES SENSE OF WHAT IT REALLY
IS.
>> NICE.
WHAT ARE WE LOOKING AT?
>> SIMPLE ROCKETS.
IT'S SIMILAR.
IT'S OLDER AND HAS SOFT BODY
BIG ROCKSET YOU CAN HAVE THINGS
BREAK.
I WAS GOING TO HAND THIS OVER TO
MARY AND SEE IF SHE WANTS TO TRY
LANDING THIS.
>> IF YOU DID NOT WATCH THE
PREVIOUS EPISODE PLAYING LET'S
PLAY SPACE VIDEO GAMES SHE
LANDED THE LUNAR LANDER FIRST
TIME WITHOUT ANY PRACTICE AT ALL
SOEVER.
>>HE LANDING LEGS.
>> THAT'S PRESSURE, MAN.
I'M NOT AN ENGINEER.
>> THE PROVIDES HELPFUL HINTS,
YOU ARE FALLING TOO FAST.
>> OH, NO!
YOU SAVED IT.
HOW DID THAT HAPPEN.
>> YOUR ENGINES ARE GETTING
>> WHAT ARE YOU TALKING ABOUT?
>> THERE ARE MORE SIGNS TO FIND.
>> GOING THE WRONG WAY.
UH-OH.
>> TURN OFF YOUR ENGINES.
THERE YOU GO.
NOW YOU CAN POINT IN THAT
DIRECTION.
>> 250-METERS UP.
>> THERE YOU GO.
YOU ARE POINTED THE WRONG WAY,
THOUGH.
>> A QUESTION FROM THE CHAT: 
ARE YOU GOING BACK TO THE MOON
?YES.
HERE WE ARE.
>> YOU LANDED TWICE ALREADY.
I JUST LOVE SPACE SO MUCH.
>> JUST DOESN'T WANT IT TO END.
>> I DON'T WANO GO HOME.
>> IS THIS THE MOON?
>> ANOTHER VERSION OF THE MOON,
YES.
>> A ROCKY PLANET.
>> YES.
THERE YOU GO!
>> WELL DONE.
>> OUR WINNER IS YOU.
YOU HAVE LANDED.
WE WERE JUSTSING AROUND WITH
THIS EARLY.
>> SHE HAS SECRET POWERS OF
LUNAR LANDING.
CONSISTENT EVERY TIME.
>> SIGN ME UP.
>> SHE IS A PART OF THE NASA
AMES VIDEO GAME CLUB BUT MOSTLY
MARIO CART.
>> ANYONE WANT TO TRY DOCKING
A SPACECRAFT.
>> HOW FAR CAN THAT GO?
HEAD OVER TO CHAD?
WE GOT THIS.
>> YOU HAVE TO TRY TO DOCK WITH
THE TWO SPACECRAFTS.
YOU HAVE CONTROLS AT THE BOTTOM
THERE.
>> LET'S FIGURE OUT WHAT THEY DO
FIRST.
>> THERE YOU GO.
>> ROTATE.
>> THERE YOU GO.
YOU CAN DRAG.
YEP.
>> THIS IS VERY REALISTIC
BECAUSE THERE IS NO ACTUAL
ATTITUDE CONTROL.
IT'S ENTIRELY UP TO YOU.
>> FULL TWITCH STREAMER MODE I
WOULD HAVE CHAD EXPLAIN WHILE
PLAYING AT THE SAME TIME TO SEE
IF HE CAN DO TWO THINGS AT ONCE.
>> HOW TO CONTROL IT SEEMS TO BE
THE HARDEST PART.
>> I WAS GOING TO SAY ONE OF THE
QUESTIONS PEOPLE WERE ASKING
ABOUT GOING BACK TO THE MOON.
WE ARE PLAYING AROUND WITH
LANDING ON THE MOON.
WE HAVE OTHER THINGS IN STORE.
JUST RECENTLY IN NOT THE LAST
EPISODE BUT PREVIOUS, WE HAD THE
ADMINISTRATOR JIM BRIDENSTINE
TALKING ABOUT HOW IT IS NOT
FLAGS AND FOOT PRINTS LIKE LAST
TIME, IT'S ABOUT GETTING
COMMERCIAL PARTNERS TOGETHER.
LOOK AT THAT.
>> SEE IF YOU CAN TRY AGAIN.
>> FOR FOLKS WHO MAY B
LISTENING A THE AUDIO VERSION
OF THE PODCAST, YOU MIGHT BE IN
YOUR CAR ON THE 101, THIS MIGHT
BE THE EPISODE TO PAUSE AND WAIT
UNTIL YOU GET HOME AND WATCH IT
ON DEMAND ON TWITCH OR YOUTUBE.
IT MIGHT BE A MORE VISUALLY --
>> I WONDER WHERE THE DOCKING
FORCE ON THIS ACTUALLY ARE.
>> HOW'S THAT?
>> BETWEEN THE SOLAR PANELS.
>> OVER ON THE SIDE.
[LAUGHING]
I BETTER STOP.
>> IS THAT REALISTIC?
>> WHAT ENGINEER WOULD PUT
DOCKING PORT THERE IS?
>> I CAN'T FLY OVER THE SOLAR
RAYS.
>> THIS IS TWO-DIMENSIONAL.
>> I HAVE TO GO UP.
>> HAVE TO FLY IT AROUND LIKE
THAT.
WE DID HAVE ONE OTHER GAME I'M
HAVING TROUBLE STARTING RIGHT
NOW.
MAYBE WE CAN TRY IT TOWARD THE
END.
>> WE ARE HITTING ABOUT LIKE 15
MINUTES LESS.
WE CAN HOPN OVER.
YOU CAN DO IT, EVERYBODY
BELIEVES IN YOU.
>> THERE WE GO.
THREAD THE NEEDLE HERE.
>> ANOTHER QUESTION:  DOES
STUDYING IN THE FIELD OF AIRO
SPACE ENGINEERING HELP IN
BECOMING AN ASTRONAUT.
>> I WOULD SAYOLUTELY YES.
>> AS AN AEROSPACE ENGINEER I'M
NOT AN ASTRONAUT.
BUT NO GUARANTEES.
>> STEVE SMITH IS OUR LOCAL OFFC
ASTRONAUT AND HE WAS AN ENGINEER
AND HE TOOK AN ENGINEERING JOB
AT NASA JOHNSON AND APPLIED TO
THE ASTRONAUT CLASS FOUR OR FIVE
TIMES UNTIL HE FINALLY GOT IN.
YOU HAVE TO BE PERSISTENT.
YOU NEVER KNOW.
>> OH -- OH!
>> IT'S STILL GOOD.
>> NOW IAVE THE SATELLITE
MOVING AROUND.
>> YOU GOT IT.
EASY BREEZY.
>> ALMOST.
>> THERE YOU GO.
>> IT'S DOCKED.
>> WASN'T PRETTY, BUT IT WAS
SUCCESSFUL.
>> AND YOU NOW HAVE TO REPAIR
THE SOLAR PANELT YOU'REOON
ENGINEER SO YOU CAN FIGURE IT
OUT.
>> WE'LL TRANSITION TO THE NEXT
GAME WHICH BASICALLY MEANS SCOTT
IS GOING TO UNPLUG ONE HDMI
CABLE AND PLUG IT INTO ANOTHER
PC.
ON THE CHAT, IF YOU ARE JOINING
US LIVE YOU ARE WATCHING US ON
JOIN THE CHAT.YOU NEED TO GO TO
OUR FRIEND KAYVON IS MODERATING,
THE NASA BEHIND ON THE CHAT.
GO AHEAD AND SEND IN THE
QUESTIONS.
I WILL DO A QUICK RAPID FIRE AS
WE GET THE NEXT GAME ALL RILED
UP.
EVEN AS WE ARE DOING THIS, I CAN
DO A SHOUT OUT OVER TO BILL AND
DAVE IN THE BILL AND DAVE CAM.
HEY, EVERYBODY.
>> HEY, GUYS.
>> BILL, DAVE, IT'S LIKE DO YOU
HAVE ANY QUESTIONS FOR THE GROUP
AS WE GET THINGS TRANSITIONED
>> NO, NOT RY.
BUT I CAN COME UP WITH ONE.
WHAT I WAS WONDERING IS HOW DO
GAME DESIGNERS HAVE TO BALANCE
THE FACT OF SPACE EXPLORATION BY
NATURE IS KIND OF BORING IS
BECAUSE IT TAKES SO LONG AND
CAN'T GO FAST VERSUS THE
ENTERTAINMENT VALUE OF
HYPERSPACE AND HOW DO YOU THINK
GAME DESIGNERS C UP WITH
A GOOD BALANCE BETWEEN MAKING IT
FUN AND MAKING IT REAL.
>> VUTIME WARP FOR THE BORING
THINGS SO YOU DON'T HAVE TO
SPEND A WEEK TRAVELING TO THE
MOON.
>> CLICK ON THE SPACE BAR OR
MAP.
>> WE ARE TRYING TO GET IT
LOADED UP.
>> BALANCING GAME DESIGN IS
A FASCINATING QUESTION.
IT HELP YOU HAVE LOTS OF
EXPLOSIONS AND LOTS OF MOMENTS
OF TERROR AND FIRE AND THEN THE
REST OF THE TIME IT'S VERY SLOW
AND MAYBE TRY TO FIGURE OUT YOUR
ORBIAL -- RON DAY VIEW AND PUT
IT TOGETHER.
>> YOU CAN HAVE SOMETHING THAT
REALLY MODELS THE PHYSICS
AUTHENTICALLY BUT IF YOU MAKE IT
TOO AUTHENTIC AND THE GAME I WAS
JUST PLAYING IF I BUMPED MY
SPACECRANTO THE SATELLITE
THERE WOULD HAVE BEEN DEATH AND
DESTRUBGSZ.
DESTRUCTION.
DO I MAKE IT SO AUTHENTIC IT'S
UNPLAYABLE OR BACK OFF
AUTHENTICITYIC BUT MAKE IT FUN
TO PLAY.
>> WE SHOULD TRY SPACE SIM
ULATER INSTEAD.
THE JOY OF BEING ON LIVE
TELEVISION ON TWITCH.TV/NASA,
EVEN WHEN YOU HAVE THE GAME
WORKING FOR AN HOUR PLUS BEFORE
WE WENT LIVE, SOMETIMES THINGS
TEND TO GO WRONG AND THAT'S
OKAY.
I WILL HOP ON OVER TO SEE IF I
CAN GET THAT UP AND RUNNG.
ITS MY PERSONAL PC, FOR
WHATEVER REASON THE CABLE ISN'T
WORKING.
I'M NOT SURE IF IT'S TOO HOT OR
WHATEVER.
I'LL TURN IT OVER TO MY FRIEND
CHAD.
WE WILL START RAPID FIRE THROUGH
QUESTIONS.
>> OKAY.
GO THROUGH HERE AND I WILL HOP
ON OVER AND SEE I I CAN HELP
SCOTT.
>> WE'LL GO RIGHT DOWN FROM THE
TOP.
CAN YOU EXPLAIN LA GRANGE
ORBITS.
SURE.
SO LA GRANGE POINTS ARE THOSE
INTERESTING SPOTS IN OUR SOLAR
SYSTEM WHERE THE GRAVITATIONAL
ATTRACTION OF DIFFERENT BES
CANCEL EACH OTHER OUT.
WE HAVE LA GRANGE POINTS BETWEEN
THE EARTH AND MOON, EARTH AND
THE SUN.
WHERE IF YOU PUT A SPACECRAFT AT
THAT POINT, IT IS RIGHT IN THIS
NICE LITTLE POINT OF BALANCE
BETWEEN THEM.
THEY DON'T JUST SITERE OF
THEIR OWN ACCORD.
THEY HAVE TO BE IN A BIT OF
A DRIFT AROUND THAT POINT TO BE
STABLE.
BUT LET'S PUT SCIENTIFIC
SPACECRAFT OUT THERE AND THEY
DON'T HAVE TO USE A LOT OF FUEL
TO STAY THERE AND ARE NOT IN AN
ORBIT AROUND THE EARTH.
THEY ARE NICE AND FAR AWAY AND
CAN DO THEIR SCIENCE.
MARY BETH, YOU HAVE ANYTHING YOU
WANT TO ADD?
>> I AM THINKING ABOUT WHAT ARE
THE COOL MISSIONS OR SPACECRAFT
WE HAVE AT LA GRANGE POINTS
RIGHT NOW?
JAMES WEBB, WHERE IS THAT ONE
GOING?
>> GOING OUT, I CAN'T REMEMBER
WHICH ONE EXACTLY.
A COMMONPLACE TO PARK BIG
EXPERIMENTS AND THINGS THAT NEED
TO BE OUT THERE FOR A LONG TIME.
>> AND LUCY PLANNING TO VISIT
WHERE YOU HAVE THE ASTEROIDS,
THE VERY OLD ASTEROIDS THAT HAVE
BEEN TRAPPED SINCE THE FORMATION
OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM.
HEADED OUT TO GET A CLOSE LOOK
AT THESE THINGS.
>> ONE OF THE CHALLENGES, FOR
EXAMPLE, WITH JAMES WEBB SPACE
TELESCOPE, IT IS A FAR DISTANCE
OUT THERE.
WE CAN'T JUST SEND ASTRONAUTS TO
FIX IF THERE IS A PROBLEM.
IT HAS TO BE SELF-SUFFICIENT.
THE NEXT ON THE LIST:  CAN
PEOPLE LIVE ON THE MOON?
>> FOR HOW LONG IS THE REAL
ANSWER?
>> IF YOU MAGICALLY DROP
SOMEBODY, TELEPORTED THEM ON TO
THE MOON THEY COULD LIVE THERE
FOR A FEW MOMENTS.
IT WOULD BE LONGER IF THEY HAD
A SPACE SUIT.
LONGER YET IF THEY HAD SOME
PROTECTION FROM THE RADIATION
ENVIRONMENT AND THE HEAT AND
COLD AND A HABITAT.
AS LONG AS WE PROVIDE THEM WITH
THE NECESSARY HABITAT THEN SURE.
EVENTUALLY WE HAVE TO FEED THEM.
>> YEAH.
>> WE ALREADY GAVE THE FOOD.
>> SNACKS ARE THE FUNDAMENTAL
FORCE OF UNIVERSE, THEY DON'T
RUN OUT OF AIR, THEY RUN OUT O
SNACKS.
>> IT LOOKS LIKE THEY HAVE IT
RUNNING.
NOT YET IN.
>> REBOOTING.
WE ARE NOT QUITE THERE.
HOW ARE YOU DOING?
IT IS BOOTING UP RIGHT NOW.
WE'LL GO DO MORE RAPID FIRE
BEFORE WE JUMP ON IN.
I WILL HOP OVER THERE.
UST WONDERING IF WE
UNPLUG IT, WILL WE BREAK IT?
>> WE WON'T GET STEAM TO GET IT
UP AND RUNNING.
>> LET'S ANSWER QUESTIONS.
>> A WINDOWS UPDATE.
>> IT'S A WINDOWS UPDATE.
THAT'S WHAT HAPPENED.
>> IT'S SO FUNNY.
WELCOME TO LIVE TELEVISION,
FOLKS.
JO HERE IS A GOOD ONE FOR MARY
BETH.
SHADE OF DEAD SAYS WHAT ABOUT
RAIN ON VENUS?
>> I THINK IT BE TOO HOT.
>> RAIN IN THE OVER ATMOSPHERE
ABOUT YOU IT EVAPORATES BEFORE
IT HITS THE SURFACE.
I WAS WATCHING AN NIAC STREAM
THAT WAS LOOKING AT THAT AND
DUST IN A VERY DENSE O DENSE AT.
>> THERE ARE HYPOTHESIS.
WE TALKED ABOUT SENDING A NEW
GENERATION OF PROBES TO VENUS.
IT WOULD BE A GREAT QUESTION TO
SEEK ANSWERS TO.
>> YEAH.
>> ROBOTICS WILL HAVE TO ADVANCE
FOR US TO ADVANCE IN OUTERSPACE.
>> THAT'S A QUESTION FOR YOU?
>> WHY, YES.
>> MORE OF A STATEMENT.
YES, INDEED, YES IT WILL.
>> WE'RE GOING TO SEND HUMANS
DEEPER INTO SPACE AND WE ARE
GOING TO SEND ROBOTS RIGHT ALONG
SIDE THEM.
RIGHT NOW ONE OF THE NASA PLANS
IS TO HAVE A FUTURE, YOU KNOW,
OUT POST IN THE VICINITY OF THE
ON.
WE WILL NOT BE ABLE TO HAVE
HUMAN THERE IS FULL-TIME.
THEY MIGHT BE THERE A MONTH OUT
OF THE YEAR.
THE QUESTION IS HOW DO WE TAKE
CARE OF THE PLACE THE OTHER 11
MONTHS OUT OF THE YEAR?
WE NEED ROBOTS TO HELP WITH
THAT.
WOE NEED THEM TO HELP -- WE MEDE
THEM TO -- NEED THEM TO HELP
BUILD THINGS W NEED LIKE
HABITATS AND SPACE STATIONS.
THE FURTHER OUT IN SPACE WE GO
THE MORE ROBOTICS WE'LL NEED AND
AUTONOMY AS WELL.
>> WE ARE GETTING STEAM BOOTED
UP.
THE GAME IS ABOUT TO GO AND
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN, MY LAPTOP
JUST DIED.
WE ARE GOING TO KEEP DOING
QUESTIONS, I'LL DO THIS FROM MY
MOBILE PHONE.
>> OUT OF BATTERY?
>> IT IS LIVE TELEVISION AND
WILL BE REALLY FUN.
LET ME JUMP INTO THE CHAT, WHAT
INFORMATION CAN BE GATHERED FROM
THE NEWLY LANKED JAPANESE --
LANDED JAPANESE PROBES?
>> PEOPLE SHOULD APPRECIATE
THESE ARE JUST THE FIRST OF MANY
LANDERS.
THERE WILL BE A SECOND LANDER
AND I THIRD AND ALSO GOING TO
SHOOT IT WITH AN ANTI-TANK ROUND
TO GET A SAMPLE.
I'M FASCINATED BY THIS BECAUSE
IT'S A VERY UNDIFFERENTIATED
KIND OF ROCK.
IT WILL GIVE US A LOOK AT THE
PRISTINE LOOK AT THE SOLER
SYSTEM.
>> IF YOU WANT TO KNOW WHAT IT'S
CHARACTERISTIC, POKE IT WITH
A STICK.
>> HIT IT HARD AND BRING
A SAMPLE BACK HOME EVENTUALLY.
>> I'M REALIZING HOW AF
THE STUFF WE WORKED ON BEFORE WE
STARTED, IF THE COMPUTER SAVED
THE GAME.
>> YES.
WE HAVE KERBAL UP NOW.
>> SPOILER, LADIES AND
GENTLEMEN, OUR THIRD AND FINAL
GAME IS GOING TO BE AN ENCORE
PRESENTATION OF KERBAL IN.
>> WE HA THREE MINUTESEFT IN
THEALK.
>> THIS IS WHAT WE'LL DO.
WE NORMALLY GO FOR ABOUT AN 
HOUR.
WE HAVE TWO MINUTES.
WE'LL GO FOR ANOTHER HALF-HOUR
AND KEEP THE PARTY GOING AND GET
KERBAL UP AND RUNNING.
WE HAVE THAT GOING ON BEHIND US
RIGHT NOW.
>> I KNOW YOU MENTIONED NASA
DOESN'T ENDORSE ANYTHING, BUT
DOES WORK WITH THORS.
>> A-- DEVELOPERS.
>> A SPACE ACT AGREEMENT TO ADD
THINGS.
>> THIS WAS A SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT
VERSION OF THELS.
BUILT UP SOMETHING THAT WAS
CLOSE TO A SCALE BUT A CREW OF
3.
AN ORION.
I'M MISSING A STAGE HERE?
>> DID WE MISS A STAGE.
>> YOUR CHECK STAGING, AS IT
SAYS ON YOUR T-SHIRT.
SORRY FOR AUDIO LISTENERS.
>> THE UPPER STAGE WILL USE 4
RL-10 ENGINEERS AND A HYPERBOLIC
ENGINE ON THE FINAL STAGE.
THE MAIN STAGE IS POWERED BY
LIQUID HYDROGEN AND OXYGEN AND
 ENGINEERS THE SAME ENGINES
THAT POWERED THE SPACE SHUTTLE.
>> THOSE THINGS ARE IMPRESSIVELY
ENORMOUS.
I WAS OUT THERE STANDING NEXT TO
ONE OF THOSE NOT LONG AGO.
I DIDN'T FULLY APPRECIATE JUST
HOW HUGE THEY WERE UNTIL I WAS
STANDING RIGHT NEXT TO ONE OF
THEM AND JUST LOOKING UP AT THE
NE.
OH, MY GOODNESS, IT'S JUST HUGE.
>> OH, WOW.
>> YEAH, THE RS-25 ENGINES ARE
UP THERE AS SOME OF THE BEST
ENGINES EVER DEVELOPED.
IN TERMS OF SPECIFIC IMPULSE,
THEY ARE WAY UP THERE.
AND NEWER ENGINES ARE SWITCHING
OVER TO DIFFERENT FUEL CYCLES
BUT NOT GET THE SAME EFFICIENCY.
>> THIS IS SLS EM-1.
>> YES.
>> WHAT IS EM-1 FOR THE NOOBs.
>> IT'S THE UPCOMING TEST
MISSION TO TAKE THE SYSTEM OUT
EM-1 IS FIRST ONE TL TAKE
THE COMPLETE SYSTEM UP AND OUT
AND AROUND THE MOON AND BACK.
WON'T HAVE ANY CREW ON BOARD.
HAVE A WHOLE BUNCH OF
EXPERIMENTS.
THE SLS IS CARING WITH IT IN
ADDITION TO THE ORIION ON THE
TOPARRYING AN ADDITIONAL BUNCH
OF CUBE SETS AROUND THE
CRYOGENIC PROPULSION STAGE, THE
BIG CONICLE RING.
IT WILL DEPLOY SECONDARY
SPACECRAFT.
IT IS DOING A WHOLE BUNCH OF
INTERESTING THINGS ON THE
MISSION.
>> YOU SEE THE BOOSTERS JUST
FELL OFF.
>> THEY DIDN'T JUST FALL OFF.
>> WE LAUNCHED THEM.
>> IS IT LAUNCHING FROM CAPE
CAPECANAVERAL?
>> NO.
>> THERE ARE NOT MANY MOUNTAINS
IN FLORIDA.
>> NO BOATS OUT THERE.
THER ARE ISLANDS YOU CAN LAUNCH
ON.
ONE OF THE GREAT THINGS ABOUT
THE PROGRAM THAS BEEN AROUND FOR
ABOUT EIGHT YEARS.
THOSE WHO PLAYED THIS GAME ARE
NOW, WOOING AT NASA.
-- WORKING AT NASA.
IT CHANGED VIEWS AND TURNED THEM
INTO ACTUAL ROCKET SCIENTISTS.
IT IS SIMULATING THE ROCKETS AS
MULTIPLE PARTS.
WE ARE GOING TO GO OUT TO THE
MOON.
RIGHT NOW WE ARE JUST HOLDING
ATTITUDE.
>> RELATEED TO WHAT YOU WERE
TALKING ABOUT, I HAD GONE
THROUGH A TRAINING AND PEOPLE
FROM MARSHAL AND HAD SEEN THE
PRIEST EPISODE.
THEY WERE ADAMANT YOU NEED TO
GET PEOPLE FROM THE MARSHAL
SPACE FLIGHT CENTER ON TO PLAY
KERBAL.
THERE ARE A LOT OF FANS.
>> THEY KNOW WAY MORE ABOUT
ROCKETSAN WE DO
WE ARE THOUGHT ROCKET FOLKS
HERE.
>> NOT AT ALL.
>> IF WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT
ROCKETS WE ASK THEM.
THEY IT IS EXPERTS.
>> IT USES A SLIGHTLY SMALLER
VERSION OF REALITY.
EVERYTHING IS SCALED DOWN AND IT
MAKES IT EASIER FOR THE PLAYERS,
THEY SPEND LESS TIME TRYING TO
CHASE DOWN TARGETS FOR DOCKING
AND EVERYTHING.
SPACE IS BIG.
IF YOU MAKE IT SMALLER IT MAKES
THINGS EASIER.
PHYSICS WISE THE GAME ENGINE
MODELS THE THRUST FROM THE
ROCKETS AND ARROW DIAMNAICS AND
THERMAL AND POWER FLOW YOU GET
IT ALL IN THERE.
THE NATURAL BEHAVIOR OF THE
AIRCRAFT AND ROCKETS JUST COMES
OUT MODELING ITKE THIS
YOU CAN EVEN HAVE YOUR ROCKETS
DISINTEGRATE BECAUSE YOU OVER
STRESSED THE AIR FRAME.
IT HAS -- THE GREAT THING IS YOU
PLAY THIS AND THERE WILL BE
A FAILURE AND YOUR ROCKET
EXPLODES.
YOU CAN THINK TO SOME POINT
A REAL ROCKET DID THE SAME THING
FOR THE SAME REASONS.
I'M JUST PUTTIOURSELF INTO
ORBIT.
I THINK I WILL TRY TO GO OUT TO
THE MOON RIGHT NOW OR GO
SOMEWHERE ELSE.
WE HAVE A PRETTY BIG ROCKET
HERE.
I THINK I GAVE IT WAY MORE FUEL
THAN WE NEEDED.
WE CARRY --
>> YOU BROUGHT THE FIRST.
>> WE STILL HAVE FUEL IN IT, WE
MIGHT AS WELL USE IT.
>> LET'S GO SOMEWHERE.
>> WE'LL HEAD OUT TO THE MOON
TO TRAVE TO THE MOON HAVE ON
PERFORM A TRANS-LUNAR INJECTION,
IN THIS CASE.
>> WHAT IS THAT?
>> YOU CAN USE THE NAVIGATION
COMPUTER AND CLICK
>> WE'LL THROW THAT TO THE CHAT
AND DO YOU WANT TO GO TO THE
MOON?
LAND?
OR CIRCLE AROUND AND COME BACK
OR DO YOU WANT TO GO SOMEWHERE
ELSE?
JUMP INTO THE CHAT AND LET US
KNOW WHAT YOU WANT TO DO.
>> I'M JUST GOING TO USE TIME
ACCELERATION TO GET HERE.
>> FOR MARY BETH, AS A SCIENTIST
COMING UP WITH EXPERIMENTS, HOW
 DO YOU SPEND THINKING ABOUT
THIS KIND OF STUFF, GETTING INTO
ORBIT?
HOW OFTEN DO YOU WORK TOGETHER?
>> IT'S IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND
HOW ENGINEERING WILL IMPACT THE
PAY LOADING.
YOU CAN MAKE SURE WHATEVER
EXPERIMENT YOU ARE TRYING TO DO
NO PART OF LAUNCH OR GETTING
INTO SPACE WILL AFFECT THAT
EXPERIMENT.
>> THERE ARE PEOPLE HERE WHO ARE
CREATING EXPERIMENTS.
>> RIGHT.
>> PUTTING TOGETHER IN THIS NICE
BOX THEY SENT OVER AND LAUNCH IN
A ROCKET.
LIKE SURVIVING A LAUNCH IS
A TRAUMATIC THING FOR WHATEVER
IS IN THAT EXPERIMENT AND IN
THAT BOX.
>> THE TEST RIGGS THEY USE FOR
ALL THIS AND THE VIOLATION AND
HEAT AND ELECTRICAL.
>> A FRIEND OF MINE WORKS AT
GODDARD AND THEY HAVE THIS
BEAUTIFUL, I DON'T KNOW HOW TO
DESCRIBE IT, WHERE ALL THE
SPACECRAFT GET BORNLET AND THE
SIZE OF THE THERMAL DOCK
CHAMBERS IS HUGE.
MY FRIEND GIVES AN EXCELLENT
TOUR AND AT THE END TAKES YOU TO
THE BASEMENT WHERE THEY HAVE
SEAMSTRESSES WHO SEW, THEY CUT
OUT AND SEW TOGETHER THE
SPACECRAFT BLANKETS.
SO COOL.
YOU THINK YOU ARE AT A FABRIC
STORE.
THEY USE AMAZING MATERIAL TO
INSULATE IT AND SHE IS A THERMAL
ENGINEER A CARES ABO THAT.
>> THAT IS HARD TO SEW, I TRIED
THAT ONCE.
A LOT OF LAYERS OF SUPER MYULAR.
YOU CAN'T DO IT ON A SEWING
MACHINE.
>> WE HAVE:  SEND CHAD ON
A SPACE WALK.
[LAUGHING]
IST SOMETHING CAN DO
ENROUTE THE MOON?
>> YEAH.
DID THAT WITH APOLLO.
ON THE WAY BACK HAD TO GO ON
A SPACE WALK TO RECOVER A CAMERA
A CAMERA.
LET'S GET OUT FOR A SPACE ROCK
HERE.
THERE WE GO.
>> PICTURE IN PICTURE.
>> THERE WE GO.
THERE IS CHAD.
I GUESS I'M JUST GOING TO LET
GO.
>> DO I HAVE A TETHER?
>> NO, YOU HAVE A JET PACK.
>> AS LONG AS I HAVE A JET PACK
I'M GOOD.
>> WE CAN SEE THE ROCKET.
WE STILL HAVE FUEL IN THAT MAIN
TANK.
I PUT THIS TOGETHER VERY 
QUICKLY.
I TOLD YOU HOW THEY SCALED
EVERYTHING DOWN BY A FACTOR OF
10.
YOU CAN MOD THE GAME UP TO MAKE
IT 100% REALISTIC AND TRY TO
REPLICATE REAL SPACECRAFT.
>> AS CHAD IS DOING A SPACE WALK
I'M JUMPING INTO THE CHAT.
THERE ARE A WHOLE BUNCH OF
QUESTIONS.
>> I'M LOOKING HAPPIER NOW.
>> YOU ARE HAVING A GOOD TIME.
>> STILL KIND OF GREEN.
>> THERE IS DRAMAMINE IN THERE.
>> WHAT ARE THE OPINIONS OF
GRAVITATIONAL WAVES?
ARE YOU EXCITED FOR
GRAVITATIONALG ASTRONOMY?
>> I AM VERY EXCITING.
UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW, THEY DID
A LOT OF THIS WORK ON THIS.
IT'S FASCINATING TO SEE THE
STUFF THAT WAS TALKED ABOUT, YOU
KNOW, WHEN I WAS AT UNIVERSITY
20 YEARS AGO FIN WORKING.
FINALLY SHOWING AND GETTING
RESULTS.
>> DOES THIS FALL INTO YOUR
WORLD?
THE FUNNY THING AT AMES THERE IS
A LITTLE BIT OF EVERYTHING.
A WHOLE MISMATCH OF DISCIPLINES
AT THE CENTER.
DO YOU INTERACT WITH THAT AS
MUCH?
>> NOT REALLY.
>> THE ONE THING I WAS THINKING
ABOUT IN TERMS OF GRAVITATIONAL
WAVES, ONE OF THE THINGS WE DO
OF SMA SPACECRAFT AND THETH LOTS
POTENTIAL TO DO FASCINATING
SCIENCE WITH THE LITTLE
SPACECRAFT AND DEPENDS ON HAVING
SMALL, COMPACT INSTRUMENTS AS
WELL.
WE WERE TALKING TO COLLEAGUES
ABOUT TINY, HIGHLY SENSITIVE MAG
NOTOM TERES.
I WONDER IF YOU COULD DO
RESEARCH ON GRAVITATIONAL WAVE
AREA.
I DON'T KNOW THE ANSWER.
I'M NOT THE SCIENTIST TO ANSWER
THE QUESTION.
BUT I KNOW A GUY AND IT
INTRIGUES ME TO THE POSSIBILITY.
WE ARE EMBARKING IN THIS NEW AGE
AND NEW ERA OF BEING ABLE T G
DOWNS NEW PATH OF RESEARCH
AND WE DON'T YET KNOW HOW TO DO
SOME OF IT.
IT'S EXCITING.
>> IT CAME UP IN THE CHAT, LET'S
GO TO THE MOON OR MARS.
SINCE THE NAME OF THE GAME IS
MOON TO MARS.
SPEAKING OF WHICH, WE HAVE THE
MODEL RIGHT IN FRONT.
YOU TALK ABOUT W THE LADDIE
MODEL & THE MOON IS STILL RIPE
FOR SCIENCE.
YOU THINK IT WAS IN THE '70s
THE LAST TIME WE HAD FOOT PRINTS
ON THE MOON.
WE LEARNED A WHOLE LOT MORE
ABOUT HOW MUCH WATER ICE IS
THERE.
IT'S CRAZY.
THE DELICATE MODEL I TRIED TO
MOVE EARLIER.
>> IT'S PRETTY ROBUST.
>> I WENT TO GRAB IT.
>> IT'S SUPPOSED TO COME APART.
WE ARE TALKING ABOUT SPACECRAFT
AND IT'S GOOD TO HAVE A TOY TO
ILLUSTRATE QUESTIONS AS THEY
COME UP.
THIS HAPPENS TO BE A MODEL OF
THE LADDIE SPACECRAFT THAT WENT
AND ORBITED THE MOON LOTS AND
LOTS AND LOTS OF TIMES A FEW
YEARS AGO.
DOING AMAZING SCIENCE.
IT IS NOW IN MANY, MANY TINY
PIECES ON THE SURFACE BECAUSE AT
THE END OF THE MISSION WE
CRASHED IT INTO THE SURFAR,
CAREFULLY AVOIDING ANY
ARTIFACTS.
ED LAY IS A GOOD -- LADDIE IS
A GOOD SHOW OF WHAT YOU CAN DO.
THIS IS ABOUT THE SIZE OF
A REFRIGERATOR.
A GOOD SIZED REFRIGERATOR.
IS IT WAS DESIGNED AS A MODULAR
SPACECRAFT SO AS DIFFERENT
MISSIONS CAME ALONG WE
CHANGE IT TO THE NEEDS OF THE
MISSION.
YOU MIGHT JUST NEED THE TOP
PIECE AND PROPULSION.
IT HAS TWO MORE OF THE MIDDLE
SEGMENTS THAT COULD DO A MARS
MISSION, FOR EXAMPLE.
AND THE COOL THING IS, RIGHT, WE
CAN NOW DO ALL THIS AMAZING
SCIENCE WITH SMALLER SPACECRAFT
BECAUSE OUR ABILITY TO SQUEEZE
THE SCIENCE INTO SMALLER, MORE
COMPACT AND MORE EFFICIENT
INSTRUMENTS HAS ALLOWED US TO DO
MORE WITH SMALLER SPACECRAFT.
IT OPENS UP ALL THE MEW NEW
OPPORTUNITIESES FOR FOLKS LIKE
MARY BETH.
JPL HAS TWO MARCO SETS, THE SIZE
OF A BRIEFCASE AND ON THEIR WAY
OUT TO SUPPORT THE LATEST MARS
MISSION.
JUST SO MUCH POTENTIAL AND IT IS
ENABLED IN PART BY TECHNOLOGY
AND NEW WAYS OF THINKING ABOUT
SCIENCE.
>> FROM BEHIND U WE ARE AT THE
MOON RIGHT NOW.
WE HAVE A LUNAR GATEWAY IN ORBIT
AROUND THE MOON.
LET'S VISIT IT.
>> MIGHT AS WELL.
>> WE ARE GOING FURTHER THAN EM
THE 1 BECAUSE SOMEONE HAS
A SPACE STATION THERE ALREADY.
>> OH, NICE.
>> I AM TRYING TO MATCH ORBITAL
PLANES.
IT PUSHED ME OUT OF THE SPHERE.
>> MARY BETH TALK ABOUT WHAT
ABOUT THE MOON THAT YOU SEE
INTERESTING OR AS A PLANETARY
SCIENTIST.
>> SO MANY INTERESTING THINGS
ABOUT THE MOON WE ARE STILL
LEARNING.
EARTH'S HISTORY BY AN OBJECTIN
THAT WAS BELIEVED TO BE ABOUT
THE SIZE OF MARS IMPACTING THE
PROTO-EARTH AND TURNING INTO
THIS OBJECT, RIGHT?
I THINK ABOUT THIS OFTEN TIMES
FROM AN ASTRO-BIOLOGICAL
PERSPECTIVE, WHAT IS SO SPECIAL
ABOUT EARTH TO ALLOW EARTH TO
DEVELOP AND EVOLVE.
I THINK THE MOON IS A BIG PART
 TH STORY.
IF YOU LOOK AT THE FAR SIDE OF
THE MOON IT IS LITTERED WITH
CRATERS.
WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?
THINGS THAT IF THERE WAS NO MOON
WOULD HAVE IMPACTED EARTH AND
INSTEAD HIT THE MOON AND MAYBE
PROTECTED EARLY LIFE ON EARTH
AND ALLOWED IT TO CONTINUE TO
EVOLVE.
ONE OF THE COOLEST STKOFYS IN DS
WAS A MISSION CALLED L-CROSS.
THEY TOOK THE UPPER STAGE OF
A ROCKET AND IMPACTED ONE OF THE
SO-CALLED PERMANENTLY SHADOWED
CRATERS ON THE MOON AND WN
THOSE CRATERS FOUND EVIDENT FOR
WATER.
-- EVIDENCE FOR WATER.
WHY DO WE CARE ABOUT THAT?
ESPECIALLY IF WE THINK ABOUT
GOING AND LIVING ON THE MOON,
THAT'S A RESOURCE THAT COULD BE
POTENTIALLY USED.
I THOUGHT THAT WAS A COOL DESIGN
FOR A MISSION.
THEY DIDN'T LAND ANYTHING, THEY
JUST IMPACTED, KICKED UP A BUNCH
OF D AND ANALYZED AND FLEW
THROUGH THE DUST.
THAT'S A COOL DESIGN.
>> ONE OF THE BIG QUESTIONS NOW
FOR OUR RETURN TO THE MOON IS,
WHAT IS THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE
VARIOUS MATERIALS PRESENT ON THE
SURFACE OF THE MOON.
WE KNOW THERE IS WATER AND QUITE
A BIT OF ICE.
NOT BURIED, NECESSARILY, BUT
NEAR OR ON THE SURFACE AND
ESPECIALLY IN SOME OF THE
SHADOWED CRATERS.
WHERE IS IT AND HOW MUCH IS
THERE AND HOW DO WE GET IT?
WHAT DO WE DO WITH IT?
ALL IMPORTANT QUESTIONS THAT
NEED TO BE ANSWERED IF WE WANT
TO HAVE ANY SORT OF PRESENCE
THERE.
>> A LONG-TERM PRESENCE.
AND DOESN'T STAY LONG SKWHRAO WE
>> WE HAVE LEARNED SO MUCH SINCE
THE INITIAL FLAG AND FOOT 
PRINTS.
THE METALS THAT CAME IN THAST TE
ROADWAYS AND IM-- ASTEROIDS AND
IMPACTED THE EARTH.
AND THERE IS POSSIBLE EARTH
METALS.
>> THE THING ABOUT METALS AND AT
ASTEROIDS, THEY LOVE TO DISSOLVE
IN IRON.
ALL OUR GOAL, IT'S ALL IN THE
CORE.
AN ASTEROID, WE CAN GET BITS OF
THAT'S WHY ASTEROID MINING HAS
BITS OF METAL IN THEM.
>> I SEE WE ARE GETTING CLOSER
BUT THE ONLY QUESTION THAT CAME
IN FOR SCOTT, COULD YOU ASK
SCOTT ABOUT THE KFK CRACKEN.
>> THE CRACKEN.
IT IS A FANTASTIC
DEVELOPERS HAVE FIXED THEM BIT
FOR BIT, AND EVERY NOW AND THEN
YOU HIT A WEIRD SINGULARI IN
THE MATH METICS AND EVERYTHING
DISINTEGRATES.
SOME HAVE LEARNED TO HARNESS IT
AND BUILD CRACKEN DRIVES.
IT IS OUT ON ONE OF THE MOON,
A CRACKEN CORPSE IF YOU ARE
SUFFICIENTLY INTERESTED.
>> ANOTHER THING FROM THE CHAT,
ANOTHER QUESTION:  WELCOME BACK.
THEY HAVE BEEN THERE IN PREVIOUS
EPISODES.
HAVE ANYISEO-ELECTRIC STONE
BEEN COLLECTED?
PEOPLE LOOKING AT ME AND SHAKING
THEIR HEADS.
>> MATERIALS THAT CAME BACK FROM
THE MOON I DON'T RECALL THEM
HAVING SEMI-CONDUCTOR PROPERTIES
BUT I'M NOT A MATERIALS EXPERT.
>> WHAT IS THAT?
ERIAL YOU PUT STRESS ON
AND IT PRODUCES VOLTAGE.
>> OKAY.
>> AND VICE VERSA, YOU CAN APPLY
VOLTAGE AND IT WILL DISPLACE THE
MATERIAL.
>> LIKE METALS?
>> LIKE THE MATERIALS IN YOUR
MICROPHONE.
THE ONE IN YOUR PHONE IS.
IT'S CONVERTING THE PRESSURE
FROM THE SOUND WAVES IN YOUR
VOICE INTO AN ELECTRIC SIGNAL.
THE MATERIALS THAT DO THAT,
RIGHT, FAMILY OF THOSE MATERIALS
THE PISEO-ELECTRIC EFFECT.
>> THE MORE YOU KNOW.
[LAUGHING]
>> THE SHORT ANSWER TO THE
QUESTION.
>> WE DON'T RECALL ANY OF THAT
COMING IN, BUT THAT DOESN'T MEAN
IT HASN'T.
>> VERY EASY TO MAKE.
THEY ARE PRETTY MUCH VERY SIMPLE
AND TYPES ARE QUARTZ WITH
DOPING.
ON THE MOON? THE MOON OR LANDING
>> WE ARE JUST ORBITING.
WE NOW WANT TO USE STICKY -- I
WAS TRYING TO RENDEZVOUS BUT
IT'S VERY HARD.
>> MY DESKTOP.
YOU CAN'T TELL, LADIES AND
GENTLEM THIS IS NOT SCOTT'S
NORMAL PC.
HE IS FIDDLING --
>> I AM HAVING INTERESTING
PROBLEMS HERE BECAUSE I HAVE --
I CAN'T SEE THE ORBIT AS EASILY
AS I NORMALLY WOULD.
YOU, GO ON.
>> WELL IS SOMEBODY -- SOMEBODY
IS SAYING DO A SUICIDE BURN ON
THE MOON, PLEASE.
>> EVERYBODY WANTS TO SEE ME TO
TRY TO LAND, RIGHT?
>> ANOTHER QUESTION:  HOW BIG
A PROBLEM IS SPACE DEBRIS?
UT TO EVERYBODY.
>> AT THE MOMENT IT'S A PROBLEM.
BUT IT'S NOT A GIGANTIC PROBLEM.
>> RIGHT NOW.
>> IT'S IN THE NEWS MORE
FREQUENTLY BECAUSE IT HAS THE
POTENTIAL TO BECOME A HUGE
PROBLEM.
RIGHT NOW THERE IS PLENTY OF
SPACE DEBRIS, SPENT ROCKET
BODIES, DEAD SATELLITES AND BITS
 NUTS AND BOLTS AND JUNK THAT
HAS BLOWN UP OVER THE YEARS.
A BIG CLOUD OF DEGREE AS
SATELLITES HAVE COLLIDED.
THE GOOD NEWS IS, MOST OF IT NOT
WHERE WE HAVE PEOPLE, RIGHT.
FOR EXAMPLE ON THE SPACE
STATION.
AND MOST OF IT IS NOT WHERE IT
IS GOING TO RUN INTO OTHER
SATELLITES AT THE MOMENT.
WE DO OCCASIONALLY HAVE TO MOVE
SALTSES TO GET OUT OF THE WAY OF
SPACE DEGREE AS IT IS FLOATING
AROUND.
HOWEVER, RIGHT, WITH ALL THE
SPACE CRAFT BEING LAUNCHED AND
MORE AND MORE ALL THE TIME, ALL
IT WOULD TAKE IS A COUPLE OF BAD
DAYS FOR THERE SNLY TO BE
A WHOLE LOT OF SPACE DEGREE IN
A BAD PLACE, RIGHT?
THE POTENTIAL FOR THERE TO BE
A REALLY BIG SPACE DEBRIS
PROBLEM IS VERY HIGH.
>> SO, JUMP INTO ONE MORE.
ARE WE READY TO LAND?
>> I HAVE A FUN MARS ONE.
MARY BETH, MARS IS HER FAVORITE
SUBJEC
>> I AM A MARTIAN.
>> YOU CO-AUTHORED THE PAPER
WHEN THEY DISCOVERED LIQUID AND
WATER ON MARS.
WHATEVER, DUST IT OFF.
I LIKE TO CALL OUT TO MARY BETH,
SHE IS LIKE WHATEVER.
OKAY.
HERE IS THE QUESTION FROM --
>> A SIDE PROJECT.
>> WHO IS ASKING.
WHAT TO DO ABOUT PRO-CHLORIDE ON
MARS WHEN CREWS VISIT.
>> IT IS A SALT AND IT COMPRISES
ROCKET FUEL TOO AND ACCUMULATES
IN DRY PLACES AND IN DESERTS,
AND IT IS TOXIC.
IT GOES INTO WATER VERY EASILY
CAUSE THYROID ISSUES.ER IT CAN
I THINK IT USED TO BE USED AS
A TREATMENT FOR OVER ACTIVE
THYROID BACK IN THE DAY.
THERE IS A TONN MARSND THAT
TIES INTO THE WATER ON MARS
STORY.
WHAT WE DETECTED WAS ACTUALLY
HIGH DRAYEDED PRO-CHLOR -- HIGH
HYDRATED PRO-CHLORITES.
IF WE USE ANY RESOURCES THERE ON
MARS SOME DAY, REMEDIATION MIGHT
BEN ISSUE, DEPENDING ON HOW
AND WHAT WE USE THAT TYPE OF
WATER FOR.
>> MARK WILL HAVE A HARD TIME
GROWING HIS POTITOS.
>> -- POTATOES.
>> HE MIGHT HAVE A HARD TIME
GROWING A THYROID.
THERE ARE SEMIICAL SOLUTIONS
TO -- CHEMICAL SOLUTIONS TO THIS
AND I'M SURE WE COULD REMOV IT
E NEEDED TO.
IT GETS IN THE WAY IN A SENSE
PERSPECTIVE IT CAN REACT WITH
THE ORGANICS IN THE SOIL AND
TURN INTO A BIG CHEMISTRY
REACTION.
IT'S BEEN PROBLEMATIC FOR
PREVIOUS MARS MISSIONS LOOKING
FOR ORGANIC COMPOUNDS.
>> LOOKING ON THE SCREEN, WHAT
DO YOU HAVE GOING FOR US?
>> WE DECIDED TO BREAK WITH THE
ACTUAL MISSION PLAN AND WE ARE
JUST GOING TO LAND THIS USING --
>> JUST LEFT ALL THE EXTRA FUEL
OUT THERE.
>> WE DEPLETED THAT BIG TANK.
I WILL AIM BETWEENHE CTERS
HERE.
>> THIS VERSION OF THE ORION
DOES IT HAVE LANDING GEAR?
>> NO.
>> JUST CHECKING.
>> WE DO HAVE SOLAR PANELS AND
SHOULD OPEN THOSE UP TO GET
ELECTRICAL POWER.
>> NICE.
GIVE YOU MORE THRUST?
>> WE DON'T WANT TO RUN OUT OF
ELECTRICAL POWER JO THAT WOULD
BE BAD.
>> HOPEFULLY WE'LL NOT FALL
OVER.
DO NOT DO IT IN A REAL ROCKET.
>> YOU WILL CRUSH THEM.
>> YOU WILL CRUSH THEM.
ON THE APOLLO MISSION THEY CAME
THE FORCE OF THE ROCKET EXHAUST,
A FAMOUS PHOTO OF IT WITH A FOLD
IN IT.
IT HIT THE SURFACE JUST BECAUSE
THE ROCKET EXHAUST HIT AND
BOUNCED BACK LIKE A SOUND WAVE.
>> THE SOLAR RAY, DINKY.
>> THEY ARE.
WE ARE VERY EFFICIENT IN THE
KERBAL UNIVERSE.
ONE THING I AM NOT SURE OF, I
DON'T HAVE AN ALTITUDE METER.
>> THERE YOU GO.
>> THERE WE GO.
>> VISUAL APPROACH.
OH, LOOK AT THAT.
HERE WE GO.
OH, GOOD JOB.
>> YES, WE DID IT.
>> WE CAN ALL EVA.
I'LL GET YOU OF THERE.
>> LOOK AT THAT.
>> I ALWAYS WANTED TO GO TO THE
MOON.
>> YOU'RE ON THE MOON.
>> WHERE'S THE CHEESE?
>> AS WE LEARNED FROM THE 50
EPISODE FOUR WEEKS AGO, WE
LEARNED THE MOON WAS MADE WITH
BARBECUE SPARE RIBS.
FOR COMMERCIAL USE I'M SURE.
>> THE MOON HAS MANY GREAT
THINGS GOING FOR IT, BUT I DON'T
THINK SPARE RIBS.
>> A SRARITABLE.
>> IT IS H-- NO MOON CHEESE
SOCIETY.
>> THEY COULD BE RATING EVERY
NASA STREAM OR TWITCH STREAM
WITH MOON CHEESE TRUTHERS.
>> I CLAIM THIS MOON IN THE NAME
OF -- WE HAVE TO COME UP WITH
A  MESSAGE OF ALL HUMANITY.
>> I'M ON THE MOON.
>> YOU ARE.
WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO TELL THE
WORLD.
>> YOU HAVE LANDED ON THE MOON,
WHAT DO YOU DO?
>> I HAVE TO SAY THAT MIGHT HAVE
BEEN ONE SMALL STEP FOR YOU BUT
ONE LONG ONE FOR ME.
>> NICE.
WE ARE COUNTING DOWN TO TWO
MINUTES UNTIL WE WRAP UP.
ANOTHER RAPID FIRE ONE.
WE HAVE SOME -- IF BIGGER
ROCKETS INCREASE EFFICIENCY FOR
LAUNCHING EXPERIMENT, WHY DON'T
WE LAUNCH BIGGER ROCKETS.
THIS IS FROM A FIFTH GRADEER.
>> BUILDIN BIGGER ROCKET
ENGINEERS ARE HARDER THAN YOU
CAN IMAGINE.
DUE TO STABILITY AND
COMBUSTIBILITY.
>> I DON'T KNOW IF BUILDING BUYS
YOU MORE EFFICIENCY.
SEND FAR OUT BEYOND ORTHORBIT.
 THE SAME TIME NASA IS
BUILDING THE SRS, COMMERCIAL
COMPANY, SENDING REALLY SMALL
THINGS INTO EARTH ORBIT.
WE ARE LOOKING FORWARD TO WHEN
WE SEND LITTLE TINY THI ON
LITTLE ROCKETS ALL THE TIME YOU
ABOUT NOT SENDING THINGS TO THE
MOON.
THERE IS A HAPPY MIX OF THE
GREAT BIG ROCKETS TO SEND BIG
THINGS OUT AND TINY ROCKETS
SENDING TINY THINGS INTO THE
VICINITY OF THE EARTH.
>> THAT IS ABOUT ALL THE TIME
THAT WE HAVE.
YOU CAN LOOK FROM BEHIND US.
CHAD AND MARY BETH ARE GOING TO
CONTIE THEIR EVA OUT ON THE
MOON.
THIS HAS BEEN NASA IN SILICON
VALLEY LIVE, A CONVERSATIONAL
SHOW WHERE WE TALK TO THE
SCIENTIST, RESEARCHERS AND
ENGINEERS AND OVER ALL COOL
PEOPLE HERE AT NASA.
IF YOU LIKE THAT, WE ARE LIVE ON
TWITCH, ON YOUTUBE, FACEBOOK,
PERISCOPE.
TO JOIN US LIVE TWITCH.TV/NASA.
IF YOU CAN'T CATCH US LIVE, ON
TWITCH YOU SEE YOU CAN CATCH US
ON DEMAND IMMEDIATELY AFTER THIS
BROADCAST IS OVER AND IT WILL BE
UP ON NASS TV AS A RE-- NASA TV
AS A REBROADCAST NEXT WEEK WITH
A VERSION OF THE PODCAST.
A GREAT THANKS TO ALL OF OUR
GUEST, SCOTS, MARY BETH AND
CHAD.
A HUGE THANKS TO EVERYBODY IN
THE CHAT AND JOIN US BACK HERE
IN TWO WEEKS WHEN WE TALK ABOUT
NASA'S SIXTH ANNIVERSARY.
THANKS FOR JOINING US.
