Do subscribe to Ekeeda  Channel and press
bell icon to get updates about latest
engineering HSC and IIT JEE main and
advanced videos Hello friends
now we are going to talk about what are
the factors that are affecting the
Ionization enthalpy because in the
earlier lecture we have studied about
the initial enthalpy excess we have also
discuss about how the second ionization
help is greater than the first channel
strip enthalpy and we have discuss about
the few results also because of which it
was the second instead of using created
that the first time is she on country so
later to that we are going to talk about
at what are the other factors also that
would affect the initial enthalpy of a
particular item all right let us talk
about that
so these are the factors that may affect
the ionization enthalpy so those are
signs of atoms nuclear charge shielding
effect and nature of the electronic
configuration so let us talk about each
of them one by one and let us discuss
that how does it affect the initial
enthalpy so talking about the first one
that is the size of atom the size of
atom plays a very vital role for a man
necessarily enthalpy how because if the
atomic size is more oil if ionic size is
more if we talk in that term then what
happens is the nucleus and the distance
between the nucleus and the outermost
electron or the we could say that the
outermost valence shell that would be
very much more in case of when the
atomic size is smooth so the atomic size
is more then we could say that the
nuclear charge will be less or we could
say then the attraction will be the
nucleus and the outermost electron will
be less so this plays a very easy rule
or this requires in this case a very
less energy so as to remove the
electrons because these size is moved
because of is the nuclear charge or the
attraction of the nucleus to the
outermost electron will be less and
hence now electrons can be removed
easily so now when it comes to the size
of the item it is it can be easily said
that the ionization enthalpy depends
inversely on the atomic size that means
if the atomic size is more then the
inertia enthalpy would be very much less
so this is how the size of the atom
plays a very important role for an
ionization enthalpy so similarly when we
are talking about periods and groups so
for that if we move from left to right
across the period what happens is
because of the atomic size goes on
reducing and because of which the
nuclear charge increases and in the
nuclear charge increases then it is but
obvious that the electron that is been
very much attracted to the central
nucleus will be more
because of which the energy required to
remove that electron which is now being
more attracted towards or towards the
nucleus or which had an influence with
the nucleus will be more and hence they
can actually quiet will be more to
remove that electron but when we come or
when we talk about the groups that is
when the atoms atomic size goes on
increasing when we come to the group and
since the atomic size goes on increasing
what happens is the nucleus goes on
decreasing or we could say that the
nuclear attraction with the outermost
electron will go on decreasing and hence
it would be very much easy for us to
remove that electron and hence that is
what we have made a statement that the
atomic size is inversely proportional
with the ionization enthalpy so this is
what's the first vector and now let us
talk about the second one
second one is the one that we have
discussed recently that is when we are
talking about nuclear charge so this is
the main reason that depends on
ionization and Country how because
nuclear charge is nothing but the force
of attraction between the nucleus and
the outermost electron so as to hold the
electron in the atom itself so if the
nuclear charge is more then we could say
that the ionization enthalpy will be
more means we will require more energy
so as to remove that electron which is
under the influence of the nuclear
charge and hence the electron will
require more energy and we will need
more energies first to remove that
electron we should provide more energy
so that is it it can be easily said that
the nuclear charge is basically directly
proportional to the enthalpy which means
I inertia and help you will be more if
the nuclear charge is moved for a
particular atom of all particular ion if
you say in that manner also so this is
what the ionization enthalpy is has a
dependence on the nuclear charge
directly so now talking about the next
one that is
screaming effect screaming effect also
known as a shielding effect it plays it
plays a very vital role in the
ionization happy and how let me talk
about that also suppose if we have an
electrode I give you an example in this
case so as you could understand better
so therefore suppose we have multiple
shells and the optimum shell consists of
one electron and this is the most
loosely portrayed electron that of the
nucleus and what people say is that the
inner electrons will contain multiple
electrons so I would consider that the
suppose our first-year shell contains
two electron the overall second shell
will contain an amount of eight
electrons and they only one electron so
this is basically an example of sodium
that I am talking about so what in this
case is actually suppose we have to
remove the outermost electrons so we
could remove easily but what happens if
the shielding effect is less so what
will happen if the shielding effect is
less so shielding effect are shown by
the inner electrons basically so what do
they do
so energy electrons which are basically
negative charge and if they have more
attraction towards the positively
charged nucleus as you could see so what
happens if the number of electrons are
more in the inner shells so they will
have more attention towards the nucleus
so therefore this will have more
attraction towards the nucleus which
will result in the formation of his
shield a kind of screen so as the
nucleus will not attack the outermost
electron because most of the electrons
are now being acquired or they are
attracting towards the nucleus itself so
now this is the effect that is been
shown in this case is known as the
screening effect so this will prevent
the nucleus to attack the outermost
electron which will result in the
overall resultant nuclear charge to get
reduced so therefore the nuclear charge
is now reduced because of the screening
effect but
it also depends on the orbitals that it
has an atom has orbitals right like s P
D F so it also we have mentioned that
the s has more screening effect than
that of the B then that of T and then
that of F so if inner orbitals consist
of F orbital if you don't shell consists
of F F orbitals then what will happen
the shielding if it will be very much
less so the shielding effect is very
much less in that case so what will
happen is the new test will have more
attraction towards the outermost
electron and since the nuclear charge
will be more then it would be very much
difficult for us to remove that electron
so now since it is more difficult more
energy has been required to remove the
outermost electrons so that means that
the nuclear charge increases then they
see the emission enthalpy also increases
but when we are talking about the
shielding effect so suppose if the
shielding effect like suppose if the
inner orbitals consists of an inertia
consider from the S orbital and as we
know that s orbitals are known for their
higher screening effect so therefore
this will lead to screen the nucleus so
that it would have no effect of the the
negatives will not have an effect on the
outermost electron will have an effect
but not that much as compared to the a
an added strain so in this case what
happens is the nuclear charge will get
reduced and because of which because of
which the energy that would be required
to remove the outer most or the loosely
bonded electrons will be less so no more
energy has been required to remove the
outermost electron because it doesn't
has an influence on the nuclear charge
because the screening effect because of
the screening effect so that shows that
when it comes to screening effect so
screening effect of right to present it
is se so screaming effect is inversely
proportional to basically ionization
enthalpy if screening effect is more an
action enthalpy will require it will be
less or if the screening effect is less
then the aleutian enthalpy that's the
energy required to remove the heat that
electron will be more so that is what
the screening effect means so this are
the three factors that very affecting
enter
the last one that is a electronic
configuration now we are going to look
about the last effect or the last factor
than foot in fact the initial enthalpy
that's known as electronic configuration
so so let me talk about electronic
configuration so how does the electronic
configuration plays a very vital role in
effector that would affect the energy
enthalpy as you know that electronic on
fish some of the editorial concentration
can acquire stability means orbitals can
acquire more stability when they are
busy hafidh or when they are completely
fit how let me talk about that as all
patents are those which acquire maximum
two electrons and can acquire half also
can suppose if this is the orbital of s1
peter as you could see so it could
acquire it is now empty or it can be
full by two electrons and can be half
windows so now talking about the p
orbitals so p orbitals will have so in
this case missing ly six electrons will
acquire this orbitons
that is for PX py and PZ so that means
that all the orbitals can be completely
filled or in this speech sub shell
basically I could write it as now this
are half filled or this could be
completely filled by by filling all the
electrons in this orbitals so whenever
might it be SP D or F whenever an
orbital or whenever is sub shell is now
half filled we could say that it would
have more stability and because of this
stability what happens is to remove the
electron from this orbitals will be very
much difficult and hence it will be over
energy so the electron configuration
also plays a very vital role so many
will we will remove an electron be sure
we observe that because of the number of
electrons that are being filled in the
orbitals if they are half in and half in
in the whole sub shell as we could see
or if they are completely filled then
for removing the electron when they are
completely filled or when they are a
half whale so as because they have
acquired the stability so because of
they have acquired stability so to
remove that electron from the mayhem
certificate so that is what the
electronic configuration is the main
factor then putting depend on the
ionization enthalpy so unless suppose if
we have a P or a piece of shell which is
not complete different but it will have
suppose one electron or two later on as
it as it has been shown here so to
remove this electron it would be easy
compared to that of the electrons which
are half filled so because of this it is
now basically extra stable and because
of this extra stability in the removing
what electron among this we can't remove
one electron easily and you have to
provide more energy so therefore this is
the effect of it so thank you friends
for watching this video I hope you have
understood that how electronic
configuration also takes place a very
vital role in the electronic
configuration for an ionization enthalpy
that is ionization enthalpy will be more
it's the comfort of these substance if
the atom is acquiring stability it needs
orbitals so and also we have understood
that what are the other factors that
would affect the and shall be that is
the size of atom as well as the nuclear
charge the screening effect and the
electronic configuration so thank you
for watching this video I hope you share
this video difference and is don't
forget to subscribe in creation and
thank you so much
