Hello and welcome to this Beginner's
Guide series to graphic design.
From what graphic design is, skills to be a
graphic designer, design theory, education you need, equipment you need to the graphic design portfolio and interview advice.
This series is for anyone at any level.
So if you're interested in graphic design and considering becoming a graphic designer
join me as I discuss this series of graphic design topics.
So the graphic part of graphic design is made up of visual elements, the building blocks of design
Through the harness of our artistic expression we choose these visual elements and arrange them
on the surface in a layout to convey an idea.
The basic visual elements that combine
to create graphic design include the following:
Line, colour, shape, texture, space,
form and typography.
Whatever work you produce be it for a magazine a poster a website or an advertisement
These visual elements will play an important 
part in your design.
In this video I'm going to discuss the
firth key visual element and discuss space as a visual element in graphic design.
In this video I'll be referring to some visual examples
if you wish to take a closer look at these, you can find them in the downloadable PDF document
that accompanies this series, link is in the description.
So space creates the visual essence 
and dynamic of a composition.
In design there are two types of space:
 Positive space and negative space.
Positive space can be perceived 
as two dimensional or three-dimensional.
Positive space refers to the shapes of objects. 
It usually refers to anything that is considered 
the main focus of the page.
Negative space is the white space or empty space which is the part of the design that is not there, the space between the visual elements.
This can also be the background colour of a design. Negative space can be just as integral to the design as the positive space.
Negative space is important because it
helps frame and contain a composition.
Negative space connects or disconnects
shapes to suggest relationships between shapes.
Negative space avoids visual clutter and looks clean
which can help balance a composition and help focus the viewer on something specific.
In design what creates positive and negative space is the arrangement and visual appearance of shapes within a composition.
In two dimensional design proximity, overlap, opacity, light, and shadow and perspective can be applied to shapes to create visual dynamics.
the illusion of depth or space in a composition.
Proximity is simply the distance shapes 
are from one another
far apart or close together, proximity
suggest relationships between shapes.
Overlap is the effect where shapes are
arranged to appear to be on top of each other.
this illusion makes the top element look
closer to the observer.
Opacity is the effect where objects appear transparent, degrees of opacity can make elements
like heavy or light to suggest dominance
and order of closeness in a space
opacity blurs is the barriers between positive 
and negative space
overlapping transparent elements can
create dynamics in a composition
to create an illusion of 3D and perspective.
Light and shadow can give an object a three-dimensional look, shadow can create the illusion that an object is on top of another and suggest how far apart they may be.
Perspective is created through the arrangement, creation and manipulation of shapes to look like they appear in real life.
This is the effect where shapes appear to get smaller the further away they get. Perspective can also be achieved through the use of relative sizes of objects
overlapping objects and blurring and
sharpening of objects.
In design there is no way to determine the depth of the space, only the order of closeness.
In design we could use positive and negative space to create a focal point, create balance, set a visual tone and define a look and feel.
So that is the fifth key visual element in graphic design.
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So the next key visual element is form.
In the next video I'm going to be talking about the form as a visual element in graphic design.
So see you in the next video!
